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Cerón-Vivas A, Peñuela Mesa GA. Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceutical pollutants in the Oro River Sub-basin (Colombia). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118951. [PMID: 38688417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Compounds (PPCPs) are contaminants present in wastewater and in the receiving surface waters, which have no regulations and can bring on environmental risks. In this study, we evaluated the presence of six PPCPs in the Oro River Sub-basin (Colombia) and the environmental risk associated with them. We have verified that the monitored rivers show the presence of Ibuprofen, Cephalexin and Carbamazepine; the first ones (Ibuprofen and cephalexin) were those that presented higher concentrations since they are widely prescribed in Colombia. Pharmaceutical compound concentrations in the rivers downstream of the wastewater treatment plants from Floridablanca were higher than in other monitoring sites being a significant point source of contamination. This wastewater treatment plant receives hospital discharges from the city, including internationally recognized clinics accepting patients from different parts of the country. The environmental risk assessment showed that ibuprofen and Cephalexin have a higher impact on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cerón-Vivas
- Pontifical Bolivariana University, Environmental Engineering Faculty. Km. 7 vía Piedecuesta, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Gustavo Antonio Peñuela Mesa
- University of Antioquia, Engineering School, University Research Headquarters (SIU), GDCON Group, Street 70 No 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia
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Kandaswamy K, Guru A, Panda SP, Antonyraj APM, Kari ZA, Giri J, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, Malafaia G, Arockiaraj J. Polystyrene nanoplastics synergistically exacerbate diclofenac toxicity in embryonic development and the health of adult zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 281:109926. [PMID: 38641085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the possible ecotoxicological effect of co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and diclofenac (DCF) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). After six days of exposure, we noticed that the co-exposure to PS-NP (100 μg/L) and DCF (at 50 and 500 μg/L) decreased the hatching rate and increased the mortality rate compared to the control group. Furthermore, we noted that larvae exposed to combined pollutants showed a higher frequency of morphological abnormalities and increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and lipid peroxidation. In adults, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were also impaired in the intestine, and the co-exposure groups showed more histopathological alterations. Furthermore, the TNF-α, COX-2, and IL-1β expressions were significantly upregulated in the adult zebrafish co-exposed to pollutants. Based on these findings, the co-exposure to PS-NPs and DCF has shown an adverse effect on the intestinal region, supporting the notion that PS-NPs synergistically exacerbate DCF toxicity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Kandaswamy
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttarpradesh, India
| | - Anahas Perianaika Matharasi Antonyraj
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia; Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment and Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Herrera-Domínguez M, S Lambert A, Morales-Luna G, Pisano E, Aguilar-Hernandez I, Mahlknecht J, Cheng Q, Ornelas-Soto N. Development of a surface plasmon resonance based immunosensor for diclofenac quantification in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139156. [PMID: 37290514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor based on an inhibition immunoassay was developed for the detection of diclofenac (DCF) in aqueous solution. Due to the small size of DCF, an hapten-protein conjugate was produced by coupling DCF to bovine serum albumin (BSA). DCF-BSA conjugate formation was confirmed via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The resulting conjugate was immobilized onto the surface of a sensor fabricated via e-beam deposition of a 2 nm chromium adhesion layer followed by a 50 nm gold layer onto precleaned BK7 glass slides. Immobilization onto the nano thin gold surface was accomplished by covalent amide linkage through a self-assembled monolayer. Samples were composed of a mixture of antibody at a fixed concentration and DCF at different known concentrations in deionized water, causing the inhibition of anti-DCF on the sensor. The DCF-BSA was obtained with a ratio of 3 DCF molecules per BSA. A calibration curve was performed using concentrations between 2 and 32 μg L-1. The curve was fitted using the Boltzmann equation, reaching a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.15 μg L-1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 10.52 μg L-1, the inter-day precision was calculated and an RSD value of 1.96% was obtained; and analysis time of 10 min. The developed biosensor is a preliminary approach to the detection of DCF in environmental water samples, and the first SPR biosensor developed for DCF detection using a hapten-protein conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Herrera-Domínguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
| | - Alexander S Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Gesuri Morales-Luna
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de Mexico, Prolongación Paseo de La Reforma 880, Ciudad de Mexico, 01219, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Pisano
- CONACYT - Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C., Monterrey, Parque PIIT, 66628, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Iris Aguilar-Hernandez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico.
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