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Chung D, Kim TK, Park KW, Oh YS, Shin HS. Distribution of 35 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Pine Needle Samples from Selected Locations in the Republic of Korea. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 112:74. [PMID: 38733375 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dust, and wax were measured in pine needles, and PAHs were also measured in surface soil. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the analytical values. The main compounds responsible for the increase in total PAHs were non-carcinogenic phenanthrene and fluoranthene. Therefore, the % content of carcinogenic PAHs decreased with a slope = -0.037 (r = 0.47, p < 0.01), as the total PAH concentration in pine needles increased. Correlations between individual PAHs in pine needles and surface soil were very high when only low-number ring PAHs (2R- and 3R-PAHs) were statistically analyzed and significant when only high-number ring PAHs were statistically analyzed. Low-number ring PAH mainly moves in the gas phase and diffuses into the wax layer, so it was found to be statistically significant with the wax content of pine needles. High-number ring PAHs showed a high correlation with the amount of dust in pine needles because they mainly attached to dust particles and accumulated on the surface of pine needles. The ratios of fluoranthene/pyrene and methylphenanthrene/phenanthrene for predicting the origin of atmospheric PAHs have also been proven valid for pine needles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chung
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyeong-Ro, Seo-Gu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Kim
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyeong-Ro, Seo-Gu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wan Park
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Hwangyeong-Ro, Seo-Gu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Suk Oh
- International Advanced Analytical Institute, Dokang-Gu, Goyang, Gonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sang Shin
- International Advanced Analytical Institute, Dokang-Gu, Goyang, Gonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Kim D, Lee J, Won EJ, Lee SY, Cho HE, Choi H, Shin KH. Integrated approach for the isotope trophic position of black-tailed gull (Larus crassirostris) eggs over a decade: Combining stable isotopes of amino acids and fatty acids composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169732. [PMID: 38160818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) using the amino acid nitrogen stable isotope ratio (δ15NAAs) has been widely used for accurate estimation of trophic position (TP). In addition, a quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) offers insights into diet sources. In this study, we used these techniques to estimate the TP for seabirds that rely on diverse food sources across multiple ecosystems. This allows for the proper combination of factors used in TP calculation which are different for each ecosystem. The approach involved the application of a multi-mixing trophic discrimination factor (TDF) and mixing β which is a Δδ15N between trophic and source amino acid of primary producer. Since the black-tailed gulls (BTGs) are income-breeding seabirds, which rely on energy sources obtained around their breeding sites, they and their eggs could be useful bioindicators for environmental monitoring. However, the ecological properties of BTGs such as habitats, diets, and TP are not well known due to their large migration range for wintering or breeding and their feeding habits on both aquatic and terrestrial prey. In this study, the eggs were used for estimating TP and for predicting TP of mother birds to overcome difficulties such as capturing birds and collecting non-invasive tissue samples. Eggs, sampled over a decade from three Korean islands, showed spatial differences in diet origin. Considering both the food chain and physiology of BTG, the TP of eggs was estimated to be 3.3-4.0. Notably, the TP was significantly higher at site H (3.8 ± 0.1) than at site B (3.5 ± 0.2), which indicated a higher contribution of marine diet as confirmed by QFASA. Using a reproductive shift of δ15NAAs, the TP of the mother birds was predicted to be 3.6-4.3, positioning them as the top predator in the food web. The advanced integration of multiple approaches provides valuable insights into bird ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; Institute of Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yong Lee
- Natural Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Eun Cho
- Institute of Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Choi
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Phosiri P, Santaladchaiyakit Y, Burakham R. A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer based on an eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent for the selective recognition of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its degradation products in fruits and vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1712:464494. [PMID: 37951046 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
A new magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was successfully synthesized using a ternary deep eutectic solvent derived from caffeic acid-choline chloride-formic acid as a functional monomer, thymol-menthol deep eutectic solvent as a template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker, potassium peroxodisulfate as an initiator, and aqueous ethanol solution (90% (v/v)) as a porogen. The synthesized material was characterized and applied for magnetic solid-phase extraction of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its degradation products. Optimization of the extraction condition was carried out using the central composite design and response surface methodology. The good analytical performance of magnetic solid phase extraction/gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry using the proposed adsorbent shows a wide linear range of 0.07-500 ng g-1 with R2 greater than 0.992. Low detection limits and quantitation limits were observed in the ranges of 0.01-2.00 ng g-1 and 0.07-2.50 ng g-1, respectively. The precisions shown in terms of relative standard deviations were lower than 7.0% for intraday (n=5) and 8.6% for interday (n=5 × 3) experiments. The proposed method was applied for preconcentration and determination of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its degradation products in fruit and vegetable samples. The satisfactory recoveries of the real samples at three spiked concentrations were obtained in the range of 79.1%-110.9% with RSDs lower than 7.5%. The findings highlight the importance of developing efficient sorbents for the enrichment of persistent organic pollutants in food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeyaporn Phosiri
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Yanawath Santaladchaiyakit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand
| | - Rodjana Burakham
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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Wei L, Huang Q, Qiu Y, Zhao J, Rantakokko P, Gao H, Huang F, Bignert A, Bergman Å. Legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in eggs of night herons and poultries from the upper Yangtze Basin, Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93744-93759. [PMID: 37516701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28974-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) eggs have been identified as useful indicators for biomonitoring the environmental pollution in China. In this study, we investigated thirty eggs of black-crowned night heron collected from the upper Yangtze River (Changjiang) Basin, Southwest China, for the occurrence of legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Our results showed a general presence of POPs in night heron eggs with OCPs being the dominant contaminants, having a geometric mean concentration of 22.2 ng g-1 wet weight (ww), followed by PCBs (1.36 ng g-1 ww), PBDEs (0.215 ng g-1 ww), and PCDD/Fs (23.0 pg g-1 ww). The concentration levels were found to be significantly higher in night heron eggs than in poultry eggs by one or two magnitude orders. Among OCP congeners, p,p'-DDE was found to be predominant in night heron eggs, with a geometric mean concentration of 15.1 ng g-1 ww. Furthermore, species-specific congener patterns in eggs suggested similar or different sources for different POPs, possibly associated with contaminated soil and parental dietary sources. Additionally, estimated daily intakes (EDIs) were used to evaluate non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk associated with consumption of bird eggs. Our results revealed non-negligible non-cancer and cancer risk for humans who consume wild bird eggs as a regular diet instead of poultry eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yanling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Environmental Health, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hongwen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Yibin Research Base of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Yibin University, Sichuan Province, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Anders Bignert
- Yibin Research Base of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Yibin University, Sichuan Province, Yibin, 644000, China
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åke Bergman
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82, Örebro, Sweden
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Xia Z, Idowu I, Halldorson T, Lucas AM, Stein C, Kaur M, Tomy T, Marvin C, Thomas PJ, Hebert CE, Smith RA, Dwyer-Samuel F, Provencher JF, Tomy GT. Microbead beating extraction of avian eggs for polycyclic aromatic compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139059. [PMID: 37268236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to their relatively high trophic position and importance as a food source for many communities in the circumpolar north, seabird eggs are an important matrix for monitoring contaminant levels. In fact, many countries, including Canada, have established long-term seabird egg contaminant monitoring programs, with oil related compounds a contaminant of emerging concern for seabirds in several regions. Current approaches to measuring many contaminant burdens in seabird eggs are time-consuming and often require large volumes of solvent. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on the principle of microbead beating tissue extraction using custom designed stainless-steel extraction tubes and lids, to measure a suite of 75 polycyclic aromatic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkyl-PAHs, halogenated-PAHs and some heterocyclic compounds) comprising a wide-range of chemical properties. Our method was conducted in strict accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 guidelines for method validation. Accuracies for our analytes generally ranged from 70 to 120%, and intra and inter-day repeatability for most analytes were <30%. Limits of detection/quantitation for the 75 target analytes were <0.2/0.6 ng g-1. The level of contamination in our method blanks was significantly smaller in our stainless-steel tubes/lids relative to commercially available high-density plastic alternatives. Overall, our method meets our data quality objectives and results in a notable reduction in sample processing times relative to current approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xia
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2.
| | - Ifeoluwa Idowu
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Thor Halldorson
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Amica-Mariae Lucas
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Claire Stein
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Thane Tomy
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Chris Marvin
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada, L7S 1A1
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Wildlife Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0H3
| | - Craig E Hebert
- Wildlife Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0H3
| | - Reyd A Smith
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6
| | | | - Jennifer F Provencher
- Wildlife Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0H3
| | - Gregg T Tomy
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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