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Bayuo J, Rwiza MJ, Choi JW, Sillanpää M, Mtei KM. Optimization of desorption parameters using response surface methodology for enhanced recovery of arsenic from spent reclaimable activated carbon: Eco-friendly and sorbent sustainability approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116550. [PMID: 38843746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Desorption and adsorbent regeneration are imperative factors that are required to be taken into account when designing the adsorption system. From the environmental, economic, and practical points of view, regeneration is necessary for evaluating the efficiency and sustainability of synthesized adsorbents. However, no study has investigated the optimization of arsenic species desorption from spent adsorbents and their regeneration ability for reuse as well as safe disposal. This study aims to investigate the desorption ability of arsenic ions adsorbed on hybrid granular activated carbon and the optimization of the independent factors influencing the efficient recovery of arsenic species from the spent activated carbon using central composite design of the response surface methodology. The activated carbon before the sorption process and after the adsorption-desorption of arsenic ions have been characterized using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and TEM. The study found that all the investigated independent desorption variables greatly influence the retrievability of arsenic ions from the spent activated carbon. Using the desirability function for the optimization of the independent factors as a function of desorption efficiency, the optimum experimental conditions were solution pH of 2.00, eluent concentration of 0.10 M, and temperature of 26.63 ℃, which gave maximum arsenic ions recovery efficiency of 91 %. The validation of the quadratic model using laboratory confirmatory experiments gave an optimum arsenic ions desorption efficiency of 97 %. Therefore, the study reveals that the application of the central composite design of the response surface methodology led to the development of an accurate and valid quadratic model, which was utilized in the enhanced optimization of arsenic ions recovery from the spent reclaimable activated carbon. More so, the desorption isotherm and kinetic data of arsenic were well correlated with the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order models, while the thermodynamics studies indicated that arsenic ions desorption process was feasible, endothermic, and spontaneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bayuo
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-daero 1447, Gangwon-do, South Korea; School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; Department of Science Education, School of Science, Mathematics, and Technology Education (SoSMTE), C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS), Postal Box 24, Navrongo, Upper East Region, Navrongo, Ghana.
| | - Mwemezi J Rwiza
- School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Joon Weon Choi
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-daero 1447, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Functional Materials Group, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait 32093, Kuwait; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India; Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Kelvin Mark Mtei
- School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
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K PN, Pattnaik BK, Das S. Comparative evaluation between Taguchi method and response surface method for optimization of electrocoagulation process in the context of treatment of dairy industry wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:663. [PMID: 38922358 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The presence of a large amount of organic and inorganic pollutants in dairy effluent is a substantial environmental issue. This study investigated electrocoagulation (EC) as a potential treatment method for dairy wastewater under different operating conditions, such as applied voltage (5-25 V), electrolysis time (30-90 min), and inter-electrode distance (1-2 cm) by using aluminum electrodes. This study focuses on achieving the maximum removal of BOD, COD, and nitrate in dairy effluents with the aforementioned operating conditions. The process was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) and Taguchi method. RSM method optimized the electrocoagulation operating conditions such as the voltage at 23.75 V, time of 90 min, and inter-electrode distance at 1.07 cm. This optimization achieved the maximum removal percentage of BOD, COD, and nitrate at 79.06%, 84.35%, and 79.64%, respectively, in dairy effluent. Taguchi method optimized the electrocoagulation parameters such as the voltage at 25 V, time duration of 90 min, and inter-electrode distance of 1.00 cm, showcasing improved removal percentages of BOD, COD, and nitrate as 90.54%, 89.28%, and 82.74% respectively. The current study attempts to understand the optimization efficiencies between Taguchi method and response surface method for diary wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praful N K
- Department of Civil Engineering, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune, India
| | - Binaya Kumar Pattnaik
- Institute of Environment Education and Research, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Pune, 411043, India.
| | - Sandipan Das
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics, Pune, India
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Goswami M, Devi B, Das E, Rabha S, Sarma HP, Devi A. A promising approach for the removal of hexavalent and trivalent chromium from aqueous solution using low-cost biomaterial. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:461. [PMID: 38642157 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is an enduring environmental challenge that calls for sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. One promising approach is to harness discarded plant biomass as a highly efficient environmental friendly adsorbents. In this context, a noteworthy study has spotlighted the employment of Euryale ferox Salisbury seed coat (E.feroxSC) for the exclusion of trivalent and hexavalent chromium ions. This study aims to transform discarded plant residue into a novel, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective alternative adsorbent, offering a compelling alternative to more expensive adsorption methods. By repurposing natural materials, we can contribute to mitigating heavy-metal pollution while promoting sustainable and economically viable solutions in environmental remediation. The effect of different parameters, i.e., chromium ions' initial concentration (5-25 mg L-1), solution pH (2-7), adsorbent dosage (0.2-2.4 g L-1), contact time (20-240 min), and temperature (298-313 K), were investigated. E.feroxSC proved highly effective, achieving 96.5% removal of Cr(III) ions at pH 6 and 97.7% removal of Cr(VI) ions at pH 2, with a maximum biosorption capacity of 18.33 mg/g for Cr(III) and 13.64 mg/g for Cr(VI), making it a promising, eco-friendly adsorbent for tackling heavy-metal pollution. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, aligning well with the Langmuir isotherm, exhibited favorable thermodynamics, and was characterized as feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic with physisorption mechanisms. The investigation revealed that E.feroxSC effectively adsorbed Cr(VI) which could be rejuvenated in a basic solution with minimal depletion in its adsorption capacity. Conversely, E.feroxSC's adsorption of Cr(III) demanded rejuvenation in an acidic milieu, exhibiting comparatively less efficient restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Goswami
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Gauhati University, Gauhati, Assam, India
| | - Bhaswati Devi
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Emee Das
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Suprakash Rabha
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Hari Prasad Sarma
- Department of Environmental Science, Gauhati University, Gauhati, Assam, India
| | - Arundhuti Devi
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India.
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Batool F, Qadir R, Adeeb F, Kanwal S, Abdelrahman EA, Noreen S, Albalawi BFA, Mustaqeem M, Imtiaz M, Ditta A, Gondal HY. Biosorption Potential of Arachis hypogaea-Derived Biochar for Cd and Ni, as Evidenced through Kinetic, Isothermal, and Thermodynamics Modeling. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40128-40139. [PMID: 37929083 PMCID: PMC10620876 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from plant biomass has great potential for the decontamination of aqueous media. It is the need of the hour to test biochar derived from economical, easily available, and novel materials. In this regard, the present study provides insight into the sorption of two heavy metals, i.e., cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni), using native Arachis hypogaea and its biochar prepared through pyrolysis. The effect of different factors, including interaction time, initial concentration of adsorbate, and temperature, as well as sorbent dosage, was studied on the sorption of Cd and Ni through a batch experiment. Characterization of the native biowaste and prepared biochar for its surface morphology and functional group identification was executed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results revealed the presence of different functional groups such as -OH on the surface of the adsorbent, which plays an important role in metal attachment. SEM reveals the irregular surface morphology of the adsorbent, which makes it easy for metal attachment. Thermogravimetric analysis shows the stability of A. hypogaea biochar up to 380 °C as compared with native adsorbent. The adsorption efficacy of A. hypogaea was found to be higher than that of native A. hypogaea for both metals. The best adsorption of Cd (94.5%) on biochar was observed at a concentration of 40 ppm, an adsorbent dosage of 2 g, a contact time of 100 min, and a temperature of 50 °C. While the optimum conditions for adsorption of Ni on biochar (97.2% adsorption) were reported at a contact time of 100 min, adsorbent dosage of 2.5 g, initial concentration of 60 ppm, and temperature of 50 °C. Results revealed that biochar offers better adsorption of metal ions as compared with raw samples at low concentrations. Isothermal studies show the adsorption mechanism as physical adsorption, and the negative value of Gibb's free energy confirms the spontaneous nature of the adsorption reaction. An increase in entropy value favors the adsorption process. Results revealed that the sorbent was a decent alternative to eliminate metal ions from the solution instead of costly adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fozia Batool
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Qadir
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Adeeb
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Samia Kanwal
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ehab A. Abdelrahman
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Mustaqeem
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- Soil
and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir
Bhutto University Sheringal, Upper
Dir, 18000, Pakistan
- School
of Biological Sciences, The University of
Western Australia, 35
Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Bayuo J, Rwiza MJ, Sillanpää M, Mtei KM. Removal of heavy metals from binary and multicomponent adsorption systems using various adsorbents - a systematic review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13052-13093. [PMID: 37124024 PMCID: PMC10140672 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ecosystem and human health are both significantly affected by the occurrence of potentially harmful heavy metals in the aquatic environment. In general, wastewater comprises an array of heavy metals, and the existence of other competing heavy metal ions might affect the adsorptive elimination of one heavy metal ion. Therefore, to fully comprehend the adsorbent's efficiency and practical applications, the abatement of heavy metals in multicomponent systems is important. In the current study, the multicomponent adsorption of heavy metals from different complex mixtures, such as binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary solutions, utilizing various adsorbents are reviewed in detail. According to the systematic review, the adsorbents made from locally and naturally occurring materials, such as biomass, feedstocks, and industrial and agricultural waste, are effective and promising in removing heavy metals from complex water systems. The systematic study further discovered that numerous studies evaluate the adsorption characteristics of an adsorbent in a multicomponent system using various important independent adsorption parameters. These independent adsorption parameters include reaction time, solution pH, agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, ionic strength as well as reaction temperature, which were found to significantly affect the multicomponent sorption of heavy metals. Furthermore, through the application of the multicomponent adsorption isotherms, the competitive heavy metals sorption mechanisms were identified and characterized by three primary kinds of interactive effects including synergism, antagonism, and non-interaction. Despite the enormous amount of research and extensive data on the capability of different adsorbents, several significant drawbacks hinder adsorbents from being used practically and economically to remove heavy metal ions from multicomponent systems. As a result, the current systematic review provides insights and perspectives for further studies through the thorough and reliable analysis of the relevant literature on heavy metals removal from multicomponent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bayuo
- School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) P.O. Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
- Department of Science Education, School of Science, Mathematics, and Technology Education (SoSMTE), C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS) Postal Box 24 Navrongo Upper East Region Ghana
| | - Mwemezi J Rwiza
- School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) P.O. Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein 2028 South Africa
| | - Kelvin Mark Mtei
- School of Materials, Energy, Water, and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) P.O. Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
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Desalegn YM, Bekele EA, Olu FE. Optimization of Cd (II) removal from aqueous solution by natural hydroxyapatite/bentonite composite using response surface methodology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5158. [PMID: 36991091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractToxic cadmium (Cd) was removed from water using eggshell-based hydroxyapatite (HAp) grafted bentonite (HAp/bentonite) composite through a straightforward chemical synthesis route. The as-prepared adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET). Optimization of the initial adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time—all of which affect the adsorption process—was performed using the central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM). 99.3 percent adsorptive removal efficiency was observed at an initial concentration of 61.58 mg/L of Cd (II), with an adsorbent dosage of 1.58 g, a solution pH of 5.88, and a contact time of 49.63 min. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and the multiple correlation coefficient (R2) was found to be 0.9915 which confirms the significance of the predicted model. The Langmuir isotherm model best represented the adsorption isotherm data, which also predicted a maximum sorption capacity of 125.47 mg/g. The kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second order model.
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Shahid M, Al-Kahtani AA, ALOthman ZA, Bibi I, Tariq TZ, Natasha N, Khalid S, Niazi NK, Murtaza B. Effect of freshwater and wastewater irrigation on buildup of toxic elements in soil and maize crop. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:438. [PMID: 36862255 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Untreated wastewater is routinely used for agricultural activities in water-stressed regions, thereby causing severe ecological risks by various pollutants. Hence, management strategies are needed to cope with the environmental issues related to wastewater use in agriculture. This pot study evaluates the effect of mixing either freshwater (FW) or groundwater (GW) with sewage water (SW) on the buildup of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil and maize crop. Results revealed that SW of Vehari contains high levels of Cd (0.08 mg L-1) and Cr (2.3 mg L-1). Mixing of FW and GW with SW increased soil contents of As (22%) and decreased Cd (1%), Cu (1%), Fe (3%), Mn (9%), Ni (9%), Pb (10%), and Zn (4%) than SW "alone" treatment. Risk indices showed high-degree of soil-contamination and very-high ecological risks. Maize accumulated considerable concentrations of PTEs in roots and shoot with bioconcentration factor > 1 for Cd, Cu, and Pb and transfer factor > 1 for As, Fe, Mn, and Ni. Overall, mixed treatments increased plant contents of As (118%), Cu (7%), Mn (8%), Ni (55%), and Zn (1%), while decreased those of Cd (7%), Fe (5%), and Pb (1%) compared to SW "alone" treatments. Risk indices predicted possible carcinogenic risks to cow (CR 0.003 > 0.0001) and sheep (CR 0.0121 > 0.0001) due to consumption of maize fodder containing PTEs. Hence, to minimize possible environmental/health hazards, mixing of FW and GW with SW can be an effective strategy. However, the recommendation greatly depends on the composition of mixing waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Vehari, Pakistan.
| | - Abdullah A Al-Kahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tasveer Zahra Tariq
- Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Sub-Campus Vehari, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Natasha Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Vehari, Pakistan
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