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Kho KH, Sukhan ZP, Yang SW, Hwang NY, Lee WK. Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys polyactis) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108919. [PMID: 37240265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β subunit, fshβ; luteinizing hormone β subunit, lhβ; and glycoprotein α subunit, gpα) and sex steroids (17β-estradiol, E2; testosterone, T; progesterone; P) was performed using qRT-PCR, ELISA, in vivo, and in-vitro assay. The pituitary GtHs and gonadal steroids levels were significantly higher in ripen fish of both sexes. However, changes in lhβ and E2 levels in females were not significant in the developing and ripen stages. Furthermore, GtHs and steroids levels were lower in females compared to males throughout the reproductive cycle. In vivo administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) significantly increased the expression of GtHs in both dose- and time-related manners. The lower and higher doses of GnRHa led to successful spawning in male and female SYC, respectively. Sex steroids in vitro significantly inhibited the expression of lhβ in female SYC. Overall, GtHs were shown to play a vital role in final gonadal maturation, while steroids promoted negative feedback in the regulation of pituitary GtHs. Lower levels of GtHs and steroids might be key components in the reproductive dysfunction of captive-reared female SYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hee Kho
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Zahid Parvez Sukhan
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Yang
- Ocean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Yong Hwang
- Ocean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Lee
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
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2
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Nyuji M, Hamaguchi M, Shimizu A, Isu S, Yoneda M, Matsuyama M. Development of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for chub mackerel Scomber japonicus gonadotropins and regulation of their secretion in female reproduction. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 328:114103. [PMID: 35940318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The pituitary gonadotropins (Gths), follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) and luteinizing hormone (Lh), play critical roles in regulating gonadal development and sexual maturation in vertebrates. We developed non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to measure Fsh and Lh in chub mackerel Scomber japonicus, which is a commercially important scombrid species. Mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for Fsh and Lh, and a rabbit polyclonal antibody against both Gths were produced by immunization with hormones purified from chub mackerel pituitaries. These monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies were used as capture and detection antibodies in the developed sandwich ELISAs. The ELISAs were reproducible, sensitive, and specific for chub mackerel Fsh and Lh. Parallelism between the standard curve and serial dilutions of chub mackerel serum and pituitary extract was observed for both Fsh and Lh ELISAs. Comparison between vitellogenic and immature females revealed that Fsh is secreted during vitellogenesis and Lh is barely released during immaturity. After gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) injection, vitellogenic females showed increases in serum Lh, whereas serum levels of Fsh did not vary. Moreover, the serum steroid profiles revealed that estradiol-17β was continuously produced after GnRHa treatment, whereas 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one secretion was transiently induced. These results indicate that, in vitellogenic females, GnRHa stimulates the release of Lh, but not Fsh, which results in acceleration of vitellogenesis and induction of oocyte maturation via steroid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Nyuji
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan.
| | - Masami Hamaguchi
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hatsukaichi Field Station, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Sayoko Isu
- Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Michio Yoneda
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Hakatajima Field Station, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Imabari 794-2305, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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3
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Functional Characterization of Three GnRH Isoforms in Small Yellow Croaker Larimichthys polyactis Maintained in Captivity: Special Emphasis on Reproductive Dysfunction. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081200. [PMID: 36009826 PMCID: PMC9404844 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fish reproduction is regulated by the brain–pituitary–gonad (BPG) axis where the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays a central role. Seed production of small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) is performed using captive-reared broodstock known to undergo reproductive dysfunction, which is connected to endocrinological dysfunction. To determine the endocrinological mechanism of GnRHs in the BPG axis of small yellow croaker, full-length sequences of three GnRH isoforms encoding sbGnRH (GnRH1), cGnRH-II (GnRH2), and sGnRH (GnRH3) were cloned and characterized from brain tissue. qRT-PCR, in vivo, and in vitro experiments were performed for functional characterization. The mRNA expression of GnRH1 in the brain and gonadotropin subunits (GPα, FSHβ, and LHβ) in the pituitary were significantly higher at the ripen stage during gonadal development and GnRH1 at spawning stage during spawning events. Expression of both GnRH1 and GtH subunits was significantly lower in females than males. GtH subunits were induced at higher concentrations of GnRH1 in vivo and in vitro. Sex-steroids significantly inhibited the GnRH1 expression in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, results indicated that GnRH1 plays a key role in gonadal maturation and sex-steroids induced negative feedback in the regulation of GnRH. A lower level of GnRH1 and GtHs might be responsible for reproductive dysfunction in a female small yellow croaker.
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4
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Nakamura M, Yoneda M, Morioka T, Takasuka A, Nishiumi N. Positive effects of fast growth on locomotor performance in pelagic fish juveniles. Oecologia 2022; 199:589-597. [PMID: 35786776 PMCID: PMC9309151 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many laboratory experiments on aquatic vertebrates that inhabit closed water or coastal areas have highlighted negative effects of fast growth on swimming performance. Nonetheless, field studies on pelagic fishes have provided evidence of survival advantages of faster-growing individuals. To reconcile this contradiction, we examined the relationship between growth rate and swimming performance as a continuous function for juveniles of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) using 3D tracking analysis. For experiments, 20, 24, 27, and 30 days post-hatch individuals within the size range of 14.5–25.3 mm were used. We found that the growth–swimming (burst speed) relationship in chub mackerel was substantially positive and it was supported by morphological traits such as muscle area, which were also positively related with growth rate. This finding is consistent with field observations showing selective survival of fast-growing individuals of this species, reconciling the current contradiction between laboratory experiments and field observations. A dome-shaped quadratic curve described the relationship between growth rate and burst speed better than a linear or cubic function, suggesting that growth may trade-off with swimming performance, as reported in many previous studies, when it is extremely fast. These results, obtained from the rarely tested offshore species, strongly suggests the importance of experimental verification using animals that inhabit various types of habitats in understanding the principles underlying the evolution of growth–locomotor relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nakamura
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hakatajima Filed Station, Imabari, Ehime, 794-2305, Japan.
| | - Michio Yoneda
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hakatajima Filed Station, Imabari, Ehime, 794-2305, Japan
| | - Taizo Morioka
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hakatajima Filed Station, Imabari, Ehime, 794-2305, Japan
| | - Akinori Takasuka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nozomi Nishiumi
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Higashiyama 5-1, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
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5
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Beltran-Frutos E, Casarini L, Santi D, Brigante G. Seasonal reproduction and gonadal function: A focus on humans starting from animal studies. Biol Reprod 2021; 106:47-57. [PMID: 34718419 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoperiod impacts reproduction in many species of mammals. Mating occurs at specific seasons to achieve reproductive advantages, such as optimization of offspring survival. Light is the main regulator of these changes during the photoperiod. Seasonally breeding mammals detect and transduce light signals through extraocular photoreceptor, regulating downstream melatonin-dependent peripheral circadian events. In rodents, hormonal reduction and gonadal atrophy occur quickly, and consensually with short-day periods. It remains unclear whether photoperiod influences human reproduction. Seasonal fluctuations of sex hormones have been described in humans, although they seem to not imply adaptative seasonal pattern in human gonads. This review discusses current knowledge about seasonal changes in the gonadal function of vertebrates, including humans. The photoperiod-dependent regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, as well as morphological and functional changes of the gonads are evaluated herein. Endocrine and morphological variations of reproductive functions, in response to photoperiod, are of interest as they may reflect the nature of past population selection for adaptative mechanisms that occurred during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Beltran-Frutos
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Aging Institute, IMIB-Arrixaca. School of Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia. Spain
| | - Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Brigante
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
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6
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Yamaguchi Y, Nagata J, Nishimiya O, Kawasaki T, Hiramatsu N, Todo T. Molecular characterization of fshb and lhb subunits and their expression profiles in captive white-edged rockfish, Sebastes taczanowskii. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 261:111055. [PMID: 34389493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental knowledge on the regulation of reproduction by gonadotropins (Gths) is quite limited in viviparous fishes. In the present study, we performed molecular cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding two Gth subunits (fshb and lhb) from the pituitaries of viviparous white-edged rockfish, Sebastes taczanowskii; expression profiles of both gene transcripts were elucidated in the pituitaries of reproductive males and females which were kept in a captive environment. The cloned fshb and lhb fragments exhibited high sequence identities with corresponding β-subunit sequences from black rockfish, S. schlegelii. Notably, the fshb of white-edged rockfish appeared to lack a putative N-glycosylation site, whereas lhb conserved it. Expression of fshb and lhb transcripts in the rockfish pituitaries largely changed in synchrony but for minor exceptions. In males, levels of both transcripts increased with progression of spermatogenesis, although the peak for fshb (October) appeared slightly earlier than that for lhb (November). In females, both gene transcripts exhibited synchronous bimodal changes. High expression of fshb and lhb transcripts in the female pituitary during the gestation period, followed by the drastic decrease at parturition, suggest their possible involvement in regulation of gestation of this species. The knowledge gained for Sebastes in this study superimposes fundamental information necessary for further physiological understanding of viviparity in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Jun Nagata
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Osamu Nishimiya
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takuma Kawasaki
- Mariculture Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, 1-156-3 Hunami, Muroran, Hokkaido 051-0013, Japan
| | - Naoshi Hiramatsu
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Todo
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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7
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Ohga H, Ito K, Matsumori K, Kimura R, Ohta K, Matsuyama M. Leptin stimulates gonadotropin release and ovarian development in marine teleost chub mackerel. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 292:113442. [PMID: 32084348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leptin transmits information about energy stored in the periphery to the reproductive axis and is an essential signal for puberty initiation in mammals; however, to date, few studies have focused on the direct effects of leptin stimulation on reproductive factors in fish. This study demonstrated the effect of leptin stimulation on important reproductive factors and ovarian development in the marine teleost chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus). We prepared recombinant leptin and conducted functional analyses through in vitro bioassays using primary pituitary cells, long-term leptin treatment administered to pre-pubertal females, and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration. The results showed that leptin stimulation strongly induced gonadotropin (follicle-stimulating hormone: FSH and luteinizing hormone: LH) secretion from pituitary cells collected from pre-pubertal females, and that long-term leptin treatment significantly promoted ovarian development and triggered pubertal onset. Furthermore, ICV administration of leptin did not affect kisspeptin gene expression but significantly upregulated gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (gnrh1), fshb and lhb gene expression in sexually immature females. These results strongly suggest leptin as an important signal for reproductive-axis activation in chub mackerel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ohga
- Fisheries Research Institute of Karatsu, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Saga 847-0132, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Ito
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kojiro Matsumori
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryuto Kimura
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kohei Ohta
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Palma P, Nocillado J, Superio J, Ayson EGDJ, Ayson F, Bar I, Elizur A. Gonadal response of juvenile protogynous grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) to long-term recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone administration†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:798-809. [PMID: 30371741 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the gonadal development of protogynous hermaphroditic grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) was investigated. Recombinant giant grouper (E. lanceolatus) FSH (rggFSH) was produced in yeast. Its receptor-binding capacity and steroidogenic potency were confirmed in vitro. Weekly injections of rggFSH to juvenile tiger grouper for 8 weeks (100 μg/kg body weight, BW) resulted in significantly larger and more advanced oocytes (cortical alveolar stage vs primary growth stage in control). Sustained treatment with rggFSH (20 to 38 weeks at 200 μg/kg BW) resulted in significant reduction in gonad size, degeneration of oocytes, and proliferation of spermatogonial cells, indicative of female to male sex change. Gene expression analysis showed that, while initiating female to male sex change, the rggFSH significantly suppressed the steroidogenic genes cyp11b, cyp19a1a, and foxl2 which restrained the endogenous production of sex steroid hormones and thus prevented the differentiation of spermatogonial cells. Expression profile of sex markers dmrt1, amh, figla, and bmp15 suggests that the observed sex change was restricted at the initiation stage. Based on these results, we propose that the process of female to male sex change in the protogynous grouper is initiated by FSH, rather than sex steroids, and likely involves steroid-independent pathway. The cortical alveolar stage in oocyte development is the critical point after which FSH-induced sex change is possible in grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Palma
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia.,Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
| | - Josephine Nocillado
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joshua Superio
- Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
| | | | - Felix Ayson
- Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
| | - Ido Bar
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia.,Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences and Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
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Pradhan A, Nayak M, Samanta M, Panda RP, Rath SC, Giri SS, Saha A. Gonadotropin receptors of Labeo rohita: Cloning and characterization of full-length cDNAs and their expression analysis during annual reproductive cycle. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 263:21-31. [PMID: 29660307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) and luteinizing hormone (Lh), secreted from pituitary, stimulate gonadal function by binding to their cognate receptors FSH receptor (FSHR), and LH/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR). Rohu (Labeo rohita) is a commercially important seasonal breeder freshwater fish species, but till date, the regulation of expression of gonadotropins and their receptors gene during different phases of annual reproductive cycle has not been investigated. We envisaged the critical role of these molecules during seasonal gonadal development in this carp species. We cloned full- length cDNAs of fshra and lhcgrba from rohu testis using RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends) and analyzed their expression along with fsh and lh by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay at various gonadal developmental stages of the annual reproductive cycle. Full-length rohu fshra and lhcgrba cDNA encodes 670 and 716 amino acids respectively, and in adult fish, they were widely expressed in brain, pituitary, gonad, liver, kidney, head kidney, heart, muscle, gill, fin, eye and intestine. In male, both fsh and fshra transcripts showed high level of expression during spermatogenesis, however, in female, expression level was found to be higher in the fully grown oocyte stages. The expression of rohu lh and lhcgrba mRNA increased with increment of gonadosomatic index and showed highest level during spermiation stage in male and fully matured oocyte stage in female. These results together may suggest the involvement of fshra and lhcgrba in regulating function of seasonal gonadal development in rohu.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cyprinidae/genetics
- Cyprinidae/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/isolation & purification
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling/veterinary
- Gonads/metabolism
- Male
- Pituitary Gland/metabolism
- Receptors, FSH/metabolism
- Receptors, Gonadotropin/genetics
- Receptors, Gonadotropin/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Gonadotropin/metabolism
- Receptors, LH/genetics
- Receptors, LH/metabolism
- Reproduction/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Pradhan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Madhusmita Nayak
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mrinal Samanta
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rudra Prasanna Panda
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Suresh Chandra Rath
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shiba Shankar Giri
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ashis Saha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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10
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Ohga H, Selvaraj S, Matsuyama M. The Roles of Kisspeptin System in the Reproductive Physiology of Fish With Special Reference to Chub Mackerel Studies as Main Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:147. [PMID: 29670580 PMCID: PMC5894438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin, a novel neuropeptide product of the Kiss1 gene, activates the G protein-coupled membrane receptor G protein-coupled receptor 54 (now termed Kiss1r). Over the last 15 years, the importance of the kisspeptin system has been the subject of much debate in the mammalian research field. At the heart of the debate is whether kisspeptin is an absolute upstream regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion, as it has been proposed to be the master molecule in reproductive events and plays a special role not only during puberty but also in adulthood. The teleostean kisspeptin system was first documented in 2004. Although there have been a number of kisspeptin studies in various fish species, the role of kisspeptin in reproduction remains a subject of controversy and has not been widely recognized. There is an extensive literature on the physiological and endocrinological bases of gametogenesis in fish, largely derived from studying small, model fish species, and reports on non-model species are limited. The reason for this discrepancy is the technical difficulty inherent in developing rigorous experimental systems in many farmed fish species. We have already established methods for the full life-cycle breeding of a commercially important marine fish, the chub mackerel (cm), and are interested in understanding the reproductive function of kisspeptins from various perspectives. Based on a series of experiments clarifying the role of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis in modulating reproduction in cm, we theorize that the kisspeptin system plays an important role in the reproduction of this scombroid species. In this review article, we provide an overview of kisspeptin studies in cm, which substantially aids in elucidating the role of kisspeptins in fish reproduction.
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11
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Lumayno SDP, Ohga H, Selvaraj S, Nyuji M, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of pituitary GnRH receptor in a commercial scombroid fish, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 247:143-151. [PMID: 28153577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is essential during pubertal onset, for its regulation of the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins. Its action is mediated by GnRH receptors (GnRHRs) in the pituitary gonadotrophs. Our previous study demonstrated that the chub mackerel brain expresses three GnRH forms (gnrh1, gnrh2, and gnrh3), and that only GnRH1 neurons innervate anterior pituitary regions. Furthermore, chub mackerel gnrh1 mRNA exhibited a significant increase at pubertal onset. The present study aimed to isolate the functional GnRHR form involved in chub mackerel puberty. The open reading frame of our cloned receptor encodes 428 amino acids and contains seven transmembrane domains. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated clustering with other teleost-type IIB GnRHRs, mainly those involved in reproduction. Reporter gene assay results showed that all four synthetic peptides (GnRH1, GnRH2, GnRH3, and GnRH analogue) bind to the cloned receptor. Three deduced GnRH ligands stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release from cultured pituitary cells in vitro. Receptor gene expression was mainly detected in the pituitary and showed an increasing trend in the developing gonadal stages of both sexes during the pubertal process; this process was synchronous with previous studies of follicle-stimulating hormone beta (fshβ) and lhβ gene expression in chub mackerel. These results suggest that the cloned receptor is likely involved in the regulation of pubertal onset in this species. Therefore, we have designated the receptor cmGnRHR1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Sethu Selvaraj
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nyuji
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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Ohga H, Hirata D, Matsumori K, Kitano H, Nagano N, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Possible role of the leptin system in controlling puberty in the male chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 203:159-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Candelma M, Fontaine R, Colella S, Santojanni A, Weltzien FA, Carnevali O. Gonadotropin characterization, localization and expression in the European hake (Merluccius merluccius). Reproduction 2016; 153:123-132. [PMID: 27803150 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, the regulation of gametogenesis is under the control of gonadotropins (Gth), follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) and luteinizing hormone (Lh). In fish, the physiological role of Gths is not fully understood, especially in species with asynchronous ovarian development. To elucidate the role of Gths in species with asynchronous ovary, we studied European hake (Merluccius merluccius) during the reproductive season. For this aim, we first cloned and sequenced both hormones. Then, we characterized their amino acid sequence and performed phylogenetic analyses to verify the relationship to their orthologues in other species. In addition, the quantification of gene expression during their natural reproductive season was analyzed in wild-caught female hake. Our results revealed that fshb peaked during the vitellogenic phase, remaining high until spawning. This is in contrast to the situation in species with synchronous ovary. lhb, on the other hand, peaked during maturation as it is also common in species with synchronous ovarian development. Finally, combining double-labeling fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for Gth mRNAs with immunofluorescence for Lh protein, we evidenced the specific expression of fshb and lhb in different cells within the proximal pars distalis (PPD) of the pituitary. In addition to gonadotrope cells specific to expression of either fshb or lhb, some cells showed co-expression of both genes. This suggests either that gonadotropes with co-expression are not yet specified or they could have a plasticity that permits changes from one cell phenotype to another during certain life stages and in turn during different physiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Candelma
- Department of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Romain Fontaine
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic MedicineNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabrina Colella
- CNR-National Research Council of ItalyISMAR-Marine Sciences Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alberto Santojanni
- CNR-National Research Council of ItalyISMAR-Marine Sciences Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Finn-Arne Weltzien
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic MedicineNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Nyuji M, Kazeto Y, Izumida D, Tani K, Suzuki H, Hamada K, Mekuchi M, Gen K, Soyano K, Okuzawa K. Greater amberjack Fsh, Lh, and their receptors: Plasma and mRNA profiles during ovarian development. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 225:224-234. [PMID: 26519759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To understand the endocrine regulation of ovarian development in a multiple spawning fish, the relationship between gonadotropins (Gths; follicle-stimulating hormone [Fsh] and luteinizing hormone [Lh]) and their receptors (Gthrs; Fshr and Lhr) were investigated in greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili). cDNAs encoding the Gth subunits (Fshβ, Lhβ, and glycoprotein α [Gpα]) and Gthrs were cloned. The in vitro reporter gene assay using recombinant hormones revealed that greater amberjack Fshr and Lhr responded strongly to their own ligands. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed for measuring greater amberjack Fsh and Lh. Anti-Fsh and anti-Lh antibodies were raised against recombinant chimeric single-chain Gths consisting of greater amberjack Fshβ (or Lhβ) with rabbit GPα. The validation study showed that the ELISAs were precise (intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation, <10%) and sensitive (detection limit of 0.2ng/ml for Fsh and 0.8ng/ml for Lh) with low cross-reactivity. A good parallelism between the standard curve and serial dilutions of greater amberjack plasma and pituitary extract were obtained. In female greater amberjack, pituitary fshb, ovarian fshr, and plasma E2 gradually increased during ovarian development, and plasma Fsh significantly increased during the post-spawning period. This suggests that Fsh plays a role throughout ovarian development and during the post-spawning period. Pituitary lhb, ovarian lhr, and plasma Lh were high during the spawning period, suggesting that the synthesis and secretion of Lh, and Lhr expression are upregulated to induce final oocyte maturation and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Nyuji
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan.
| | - Yukinori Kazeto
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Tamaki 519-0423, Japan
| | - Daisuke Izumida
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tani
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Tamaki 519-0423, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Hamada
- Komame Branch, Stock Enhancement Technology Development Center, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Otsuki 788-0315, Japan
| | - Miyuki Mekuchi
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Koichiro Gen
- Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Nagasaki 851-2231, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Soyano
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - Koichi Okuzawa
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Tamaki 519-0423, Japan
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15
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Shi B, Liu X, Xu Y, Sun Z, Chen S, Zang K. Molecular and transcriptional characterization ofGTHsandmPRαduring ovarian maturation in rock breamOplegnathus fasciatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 323:430-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Shi
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
| | - Xuezhou Liu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
| | - Yongjiang Xu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
| | - Zhongzhi Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
| | - Shengyi Chen
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science; Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Kun Zang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Qingdao Shandong P.R. China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science; Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai P.R. China
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Shi B, Liu X, Xu Y, Wang S. Molecular characterization of three gonadotropin subunits and their expression patterns during ovarian maturation in Cynoglossus semilaevis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:2767-93. [PMID: 25633101 PMCID: PMC4346864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16022767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocrine regulation of reproduction in a multiple spawning flatfish with an ovary of asynchronous development remains largely unknown. The objectives of this study were to monitor changes in mRNA expression patterns of three gonadotropin hormone (GTH) subunits (FSHβ, LHβ and CGα) and plasma GTH levels during ovarian maturation of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. Cloning and sequence analysis revealed that the cDNAs of FSHβ, LHβ and CGα were 541, 670 and 685 bp in length, and encode for peptides of 130, 158 and 127 amino acids, respectively. The number of cysteine residues and potential N-linked glycosylation sites of the flatfish GTHs were conserved among teleosts. However, the primary structure of GTHs in Pleuronectiformes appeared to be highly divergent. The FSHβ transcriptional level in the pituitary remained high during the vitellogenic stage while plasma levels of FSH peaked and oocyte development was stimulated. The LHβ expression in the pituitary and ovary reached the maximum level during oocyte maturation stages when the plasma levels of LH peaked. The brain GTHs were expressed at the different ovarian stages. These results suggested that FSH and LH may simultaneously regulate ovarian development and maturation through the brain-pituitary-ovary axis endocrine system in tongue sole.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Brain/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- Female
- Flatfishes/growth & development
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit/blood
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit/classification
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit/metabolism
- Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit/blood
- Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit/classification
- Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit/blood
- Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit/classification
- Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Ovary/growth & development
- Ovary/metabolism
- Ovary/pathology
- Phylogeny
- Pituitary Gland/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Shi
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Xuezhou Liu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yongjiang Xu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
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mRNA levels of kisspeptins, kisspeptin receptors, and GnRH1 in the brain of chub mackerel during puberty. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 179:104-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nyuji M, Kodama R, Kato K, Yamamoto S, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Gonadal Development and Gonadotropin Gene Expression During Puberty in Cultured Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus). Zoolog Sci 2014; 31:398-406. [DOI: 10.2108/zs130254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Functional analysis of kisspeptin peptides in adult immature chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) using an intracerebroventricular administration method. Neurosci Lett 2014; 561:203-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Subcutaneous administration of Kiss1 pentadecapeptide accelerates spermatogenesis in prepubertal male chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 166:228-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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21
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Andersson E, Schulz RW, Male R, Bogerd J, Patiña D, Benedet S, Norberg B, Taranger GL. Pituitary gonadotropin and ovarian gonadotropin receptor transcript levels: seasonal and photoperiod-induced changes in the reproductive physiology of female Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 191:247-58. [PMID: 23856539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In female Atlantic salmon kept at normal light conditions, pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone beta (fshb) transcript levels were transiently elevated one year before spawning, re-increased in February, and remained high during spawning in November and in post-ovulatory fish in December. The first increase in plasma 17b-estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) was recorded in January; E2 rose up to one month prior to ovulation, while T and GSI kept increasing until ovulation. Pituitary luteinizing hormone beta (lhb) transcript levels peaked at the time of ovulation. Except for transient changes before and after ovulation, ovarian follicle stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) transcript amounts were relatively stable at a high level. By contrast, luteinizing hormone receptor (lhcgr) transcript levels started out low and increased in parallel to GSI and plasma E2 levels. Exposure to continuous light (LL) induced a bimodal response where maturation was accelerated or arrested. The LL-arrested females showed previtellogenic oil droplet stage follicles or primary yolk follicles only, and fshb and E2 plasma levels collapsed while fshr increased. The LL-accelerated females showed elevated lhb transcript levels and slightly elevated E2 levels during early vitellogenesis, and significantly elevated lhcgr E2 and GSI levels in late vitellogenesis. We conclude that Fsh-dependent signaling stimulates recruitment into and the sustained development through vitellogenesis. Up-regulation of lhcgr gene expression during vitellogenesis may reflect an estrogenic effect, while elevated fshr gene expression following ovulation or during LL-induced arrestment may be associated with ovarian tissue remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Andersson
- Institute of Marine Research, Research Group Reproduction and Growth in Fish, PO Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
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22
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Selvaraj S, Ohga H, Kitano H, Nyuji M, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Peripheral Administration of Kiss1 Pentadecapeptide Induces Gonadal Development in Sexually Immature Adult Scombroid Fish. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:446-54. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sethu Selvaraj
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hajime Kitano
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nyuji
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Ohga H, Kaneko K, Shimizu A, Kitano H, Selvaraj S, Nyuji M, Adachi H, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Steroidogenic and maturation-inducing potency of native gonadotropic hormones in female chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:71. [PMID: 22950645 PMCID: PMC3495025 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gonadotropins (GtHs), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are produced in the pituitary gland and regulates gametogenesis through production of gonadal steroids. However, respective roles of two GtHs in the teleosts are still incompletely characterized due to technical difficulties in the purification of native GtHs. METHODS Native FSH and LH were purified from the pituitaries of adult chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus by anion-exchange chromatography and immunoblotting using specific antisera. The steroidogenic potency of the intact chub mackerel FSH (cmFSH) and LH (cmLH) were evaluated in mid- and late-vitellogenic stage follicles by measuring the level of gonadal steroids, estradiol-17beta (Ε2) and 17,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20beta-P). In addition, we evaluated the maturation-inducing potency of the GtHs on same stage follicles. RESULTS Both cmFSH and cmLH significantly stimulated E2 production in mid-vitellogenic stage follicles. In contrast, only LH significantly stimulated the production of 17,20beta-P in late-vitellogenic stage follicles. Similarly, cmLH induced final oocyte maturation (FOM) in late-vitellogenic stage follicles. CONCLUSIONS Present results indicate that both FSH and LH may regulate vitellogenic processes, whereas only LH initiates FOM in chub mackerel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kaneko
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Hajime Kitano
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Sethu Selvaraj
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nyuji
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hayato Adachi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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24
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Nyuji M, Selvaraj S, Kitano H, Shiraishi T, Yamaguchi A, Shimizu A, Matsuyama M. Immunoreactivity of Gonadotrophs (FSH and LH Cells) and Gonadotropin Subunit Gene Expression in the Male Chub MackerelScomber japonicusPituitary during the Reproductive Cycle. Zoolog Sci 2012; 29:623-9. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.29.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Selvaraj S, Kitano H, Amano M, Ohga H, Yoneda M, Yamaguchi A, Shimizu A, Matsuyama M. Increased expression of kisspeptin and GnRH forms in the brain of scombroid fish during final ovarian maturation and ovulation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:64. [PMID: 22925208 PMCID: PMC3453514 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptins (Kiss) are prime players in the control of reproductive function through their regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expression in the brain. The experimental scombroid fish, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) expresses two kiss (kiss1 and kiss2) and three gnrh (gnrh1, gnrh2, and gnrh3) forms in the brain. In the present study, we analyzed expression changes of kiss and gnrh mRNAs in the brain and corresponding GnRH peptides in the brain and pituitary during final ovarian maturation (FOM) and ovulation. METHODS Female fish possessing late vitellogenic oocytes were injected with GnRH analogue to induce FOM and ovulation. Fish were observed for daily spawning activities and sampled one week post-injection at germinal vesicle migration (GVM), oocyte hydration, ovulation, and post-ovulatory time periods. Changes in relative mRNA levels of kiss and gnrh forms in the brain were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Changes in GnRH peptides in the brain and pituitary were analyzed using time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. RESULTS Both kiss1 and kiss2 mRNA levels in the brain were low at late vitellogenic stage and increased significantly during the GVM period. However, kiss1 mRNA levels decreased during oocyte hydration before increasing again at ovulatory and post-ovulatory periods. In contrast, kiss2 mRNA levels decreased at ovulatory and post-ovulatory periods. Levels of gnrh1 mRNA in the brain increased only during post-ovulatory period. However, levels of gnrh2 and gnrh3 mRNAs were elevated during GVM and then, decreased during oocyte hydration before increasing again at ovulatory period. During post-ovulatory period, both gnrh2 and gnrh3 mRNA levels declined. Peptide levels of all three GnRH forms in the brain were elevated during GVM and oocyte hydration; their levels were significantly lower during late vitellogenic, ovulatory, and post-ovulatory periods. In contrast, pituitary GnRH peptide levels did not show any significant fluctuations, with the GnRH1 peptide levels being many-fold higher than the GnRH2 and GnRH3 forms. CONCLUSION The results indicate increased expression of multiple Kiss and GnRH forms in the brain and suggest their possible involvement in the regulation of FOM and ovulation in captive female chub mackerel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sethu Selvaraj
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hajime Kitano
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masafumi Amano
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Michio Yoneda
- Fisheries Research Agency, Kanazawa, Yokohama, 236-8648, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- Fisheries Research Agency, Kanazawa, Yokohama, 236-8648, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
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