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Wang Y, Xu H, Sun B. Cathepsin H and cathepsin B of Cynoglossus semilaevis are involved in anti-bacterial immunity against Edwardsiella tarda. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108594. [PMID: 36754156 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin H and Cathepsin B are two lysosomal cysteine proteases participating in various physiological processes including immune responses. In fish, the functional roles of Cathepsin H and Cathepsin B during bacterial infection are less understood. In a previous work, we characterized a Cathepsin B homologue (CsCatB) of half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), an economically valuable fish species in China. In this report, we identified a Cathepsin H homologue (CsCatH) from C. semilaevis. In healthy tongue sole, the transcriptional expression of CsCatH was detected in nine different tissues. Laser scanning confocal microscopic analysis showed that ectopically expressed CsCatH and CsCatB were co-localized with the lysosome. Upon infection by Edwardsiella tarda, a significant fish pathogen which caused a severe fish disease termed edwardsiellosis, the expressions of CsCatH and CsCatB were remarkedly upregulated. The knockdown of CsCatH and CsCatB significantly increased the replication of E. tarda and mitigated E. tarda-induced apoptosis in tongue sole tissues. These findings revealed the importance of CsCatH and CsCatB in anti-bacterial immunity of tongue sole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Hang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boguang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.
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2
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Vo TTM, Nguyen TV, Amoroso G, Ventura T, Elizur A. Deploying new generation sequencing for the study of flesh color depletion in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:545. [PMID: 34271869 PMCID: PMC8285899 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flesh pigmentation of farmed Atlantic salmon is formed by accumulation of carotenoids derived from commercial diets. In the salmon gastrointestinal system, the hindgut is considered critical in the processes of carotenoids uptake and metabolism. In Tasmania, flesh color depletion can noticeably affect farmed Atlantic salmon at different levels of severity following extremely hot summers. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to investigate the reduction in flesh pigmentation. Library preparation is a key step that significantly impacts the effectiveness of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) experiments. Besides the commonly used whole transcript RNA-Seq method, the 3' mRNA-Seq method is being applied widely, owing to its reduced cost, enabling more repeats to be sequenced at the expense of lower resolution. Therefore, the output of the Illumina TruSeq kit (whole transcript RNA-Seq) and the Lexogen QuantSeq kit (3' mRNA-Seq) was analyzed to identify genes in the Atlantic salmon hindgut that are differentially expressed (DEGs) between two flesh color phenotypes. RESULTS In both methods, DEGs between the two color phenotypes were associated with metal ion transport, oxidation-reduction processes, and immune responses. We also found DEGs related to lipid metabolism in the QuantSeq method. In the TruSeq method, a missense mutation was detected in DEGs in different flesh color traits. The number of DEGs found in the TruSeq libraries was much higher than the QuantSeq; however, the trend of DEGs in both library methods was similar and validated by qPCR. CONCLUSIONS Flesh coloration in Atlantic salmon is related to lipid metabolism in which apolipoproteins, serum albumin and fatty acid-binding protein genes are hypothesized to be linked to the absorption, transport and deposition of carotenoids. Our findings suggest that Grp could inhibit the feeding behavior of low color-banded fish, resulting in the dietary carotenoid shortage. Several SNPs in genes involving in carotenoid-binding cholesterol and oxidative stress were detected in both flesh color phenotypes. Regarding the choice of the library preparation method, the selection criteria depend on the research design and purpose. The 3' mRNA-Seq method is ideal for targeted identification of highly expressed genes, while the whole RNA-Seq method is recommended for identification of unknown genes, enabling the identification of splice variants and trait-associated SNPs, as we have found for duox2 and duoxa1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Thi Minh Vo
- GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Sunshine Coast, Australia.,School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biotechnology, International University, Viet Nam National University, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Viet Nguyen
- Centre for AgriBiosciences, AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, Victoria, 3083, Bundoora, Australia
| | | | - Tomer Ventura
- GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Sunshine Coast, Australia. .,School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Abigail Elizur
- GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Sunshine Coast, Australia.
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Sun Y, He M, Cao Z, Xie Z, Liu C, Wang S, Guo W, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Effects of dietary administration of Lactococcus lactis HNL12 on growth, innate immune response, and disease resistance of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:296-303. [PMID: 30125700 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are a common group of probiotics that have been widely studied and used in aquaculture. In the present study, we isolated Lactococcus lactis HNL12 from the gut of wild humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) and explored its probiotic properties. For this purpose, L. lactis HNL12 was added to the commercial fish feed. The results showed that HNL12 had high auto-aggregation ability and strong tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal stress. When C. altivelis consumed a diet containing 0 (control), 106, 108, or 1010 CFU/g HNL12 for four weeks, all of the groupers fed a diet with HNL12 had significantly increased percent weight gain (PWG), especially those fed with 108 CFU/g, which had a PWG of 231.45%. Compared to the control, fish fed with L. lactis HNL12 exhibited significantly increased survival rates following injection with Vibrio harveyi after one month. Immunological analysis showed that C. altivelis fed with HNL12 had (i) enhanced respiratory burst activity of head kidney macrophages, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, and lysozyme activities of serum; (ii) an improved survival rate from 36% to 70%; and (iii) upregulated expression of a broad spectrum of immunity. Meanwhile, de novo transcriptome assembly yielded 89,314 unigenes, which were annotated by at least one of the reference databases (Nr, Swiss-Prot, GO, COG and KEGG). A total of 307 genes showed significantly different expression between the groups fed with or without added HNL12. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the significantly different expression gene categories and pathways were related to infectious diseases, antigen processing and presentation, and other immune system responses. These results indicate that L. lactis HNL12 is effective for enhancing the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of C. altivelis; this study also provides insight into the use of probiotics for commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Mingwang He
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Zhenjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China.
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China.
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4
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Liang FR, He HS, Zhang CW, Xu XM, Zeng ZP, Yuan JP, Hong YH, Wang JH. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of cathepsin B from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:71-83. [PMID: 29730007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin B (CatB) has been widely known for its hydrolytic ability and involvement in the innate immunity. However, the mechanism of CatB from teleosts participating in immunoregulation remains poorly understood; and the sequence of CatB from Nile tilapia (NtCatB) has not been cloned and characterized. In this study, the coding sequence of NtCatB was cloned, and then characterized by bioinformatic analysis and heterologous expression. The deduced amino acid sequence (330-aa) of NtCatB contains the representative features of CatB. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed the extensive mRNA expression of NtCatB in six tissues of healthy Nile tilapia, and its transcription level was significantly up-regulated after Streptococcus agalactiae challenge. NtCatB may interact with some immunological function proteins and take part in the regulatory pathway. These results suggest that NtCatB is likely to be involved in the immune reaction. The mature region (residues 79-328, mNtCatB) of NtCatB was cloned and transferred to pET-28a for expressing the recombinant protein. The purified recombinant mNtCatB was verified with the activity of 992.34 U mg-1 min-1 under the optimal condition using a substrate hydrolyzing assay. The recombinant cystatin-A1-like can effectively inhibit the activity of the recombinant mNtCatB, and their binding form was predicted by molecular docking. Our results contribute to elucidating the immunological functions of NtCatB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rui Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Shi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chu-Wen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Ping Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Ping Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue-Hui Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang-Hai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Li SH, Li R, Zhong HX, Chen XH, Liu AP, Yang J, Hu Q, Ke QQ, Li ML. Immunolocalization of Jian Carp (Cyprinus Carpio
Var. Jian) Cathepsin B: Cloning, Expression, Characterization, and Antibody Preparation. J Food Sci 2017; 82:1092-1100. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hong Li
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Ran Li
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Hai-Xia Zhong
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Xiu-Hua Chen
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Ai-Ping Liu
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Qiang Hu
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Qin-Qin Ke
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Mei-Liang Li
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
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Gao C, Fu Q, Su B, Zhou S, Liu F, Song L, Zhang M, Ren Y, Dong X, Tan F, Li C. Transcriptomic profiling revealed the signatures of intestinal barrier alteration and pathogen entry in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) following Vibrio anguillarum challenge. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 65:159-168. [PMID: 27431928 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system serves as the frontline barriers of host defense against pathogen infection, especially for the fishes, which are living in the pathogen rich aquatic environment. The intestine constitutes the largest surface body area in constantly contact with the external pathogens, and plays a vital role in the immune defense against inflammation and pathogen infection. Previous studies have revealed that fish intestine might serves as the portal of entry for Vibrio anguillarum. To characterize the immune actors and their associated immune activities in turbot intestine barrier during bacterial infection, here we examined the gene expression profiles of turbot intestine at three time points following experimental infection with V. anguillarum utilizing RNA-seq technology. A total of 122 million reads were assembled into 183,101 contigs with an average length of 1151 bp and the N50 size of 2302 bp. Analysis of differential gene expression between control and infected samples at 1 h, 4 h, and 12 h revealed 2079 significantly expressed genes. Enrichment and pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed the centrality of the pathogen attachment and recognition, antioxidant/apoptosis, mucus barrier modification and immune activation/inflammation in the pathogen entry and host immune responses. The present study reported the novel gene expression patterns in turbot mucosal immunity, which were overlooked in previous studies. Our results can help to understand the mechanisms of turbot host defense, and may also provide foundation to identify the biomarkers for future selection of disease-resistant broodstock and evaluation of disease prevention and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Gao
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Baofeng Su
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Fengqiao Liu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lin Song
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yichao Ren
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Fenghua Tan
- School of International Education and Exchange, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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