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Jain P, Shanthamurthy CD, Leviatan Ben-Arye S, Woods RJ, Kikkeri R, Padler-Karavani V. Discovery of rare sulfated N-unsubstituted glucosamine based heparan sulfate analogs selectively activating chemokines. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3674-3681. [PMID: 33889380 PMCID: PMC8025211 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving selective inhibition of chemokines with structurally well-defined heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharides can provide important insights into cancer cell migration and metastasis. However, HS is highly heterogeneous in chemical composition, which limits its therapeutic use. Here, we report the rational design and synthesis of N-unsubstituted (NU) and N-acetylated (NA) heparan sulfate tetrasaccharides that selectively inhibit structurally homologous chemokines. HS analogs were produced by divergent synthesis, where fully protected HS tetrasaccharide precursor was subjected to selective deprotection and regioselectively O-sulfated, and O-phosphorylated to obtain 13 novel HS tetrasaccharides. HS microarray and SPR analysis with a wide range of chemokines revealed the structural significance of sulfation patterns and NU domain in chemokine activities for the first time. Particularly, HT-3,6S-NH revealed selective recognition by CCL2 chemokine. Further systematic interrogation of the role of HT-3,6S-NH in cancer demonstrated an effective blockade of CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 interactions, thereby impairing cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, a step towards designing novel drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Jain
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune-411008 , India .
| | - Chethan D Shanthamurthy
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune-411008 , India .
| | - Shani Leviatan Ben-Arye
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology , The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research , The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , 69978 , Israel .
| | - Robert J Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , Athens 30606 , GA , USA
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune-411008 , India .
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology , The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research , The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , 69978 , Israel .
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2
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Lin J, Zheng L, Liang Q, Jiang L, Wei Z. Preparation and characterization of partial de-O-sulfation of heparin oligosaccharide library. Carbohydr Res 2021; 499:108226. [PMID: 33401230 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The O-sulfation, including 2-O- and 6-O-sulfation, in heparan sulfate (HS) have important biological and pathophysiological roles. Therefore, the ability to chemically generate a series of oligosaccharides, which have a similar structure to the naturally-occurring, 2-O- and 6-O-sulfating oligosaccharides from HS, would greatly contribute to investigating their natural role in HS. In this study, a heparin oligosaccharide library, including dp2, dp4 and dp6, were prepared from the chemical modification of the fully sulfated dp2, dp4 and dp6. Chemical reaction conditions were optimized to generate different patterns of 2-O- and 6-O-sulfated oligosaccharides, then the disaccharide composition and structure of the library was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IT-TOF/MS) analysis. This provides a foundation for further structural and functional studies of O-sulfated groups in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Lin
- College of Chemistry, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China; Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Liyang Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China; Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Quntao Liang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China.
| | - Lilong Jiang
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, FuZhou, 350002, PR China.
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3
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Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Biosynthesis and Post Synthesis Mechanisms Combine Few Enzymes and Few Core Proteins to Generate Extensive Structural and Functional Diversity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184215. [PMID: 32937952 PMCID: PMC7570499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common and widespread post-translational modification that affects a large majority of proteins. Of these, a small minority, about 20, are specifically modified by the addition of heparan sulfate, a linear polysaccharide from the glycosaminoglycan family. The resulting molecules, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, nevertheless play a fundamental role in most biological functions by interacting with a myriad of proteins. This large functional repertoire stems from the ubiquitous presence of these molecules within the tissue and a tremendous structural variety of the heparan sulfate chains, generated through both biosynthesis and post synthesis mechanisms. The present review focusses on how proteoglycans are “gagosylated” and acquire structural complexity through the concerted action of Golgi-localized biosynthesis enzymes and extracellular modifying enzymes. It examines, in particular, the possibility that these enzymes form complexes of different modes of organization, leading to the synthesis of various oligosaccharide sequences.
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4
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Du J, Liu S, Liang Q, Lin J, Jiang L, Chen F, Wei Z. Analysis of Heparan sulfate/heparin from Colla corii asini by liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:211-218. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Bhushan I, Alabbas A, Kuberan B, Gupta RB, Desai UR. Immobilization alters heparin cleaving properties of heparinase I. Glycobiology 2018; 27:994-998. [PMID: 28973365 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a novel observation that immobilization of heparinase I on CNBr-activated Sepharose results in heparin degradation properties that are different from heparinase I in the free solution form. Studies over a range of pHs (5-8) and temperatures (5-50°C) as well as under batch and flow conditions show that immobilized heparinase 1 displays altered pH and temperature optima, and a higher propensity for generation of longer chains (hexa- and octa-) with variable sulfation as compared to that in the free form, which is known to yield disaccharides. The immobilized enzyme retained good eliminase activity over at least five cycles of reuse. In combination, results suggest that heparinase I immobilization may offer a more productive route to longer, variably sulfated sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Bhushan
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development.,Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.,Department of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir 182320, India
| | - Alhumaidi Alabbas
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ram B Gupta
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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6
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Lima MA, Cavalheiro RP, M Viana G, Meneghetti MCZ, Rudd TR, Skidmore MA, Powell AK, Yates EA. 19F labelled glycosaminoglycan probes for solution NMR and non-linear (CARS) microscopy. Glycoconj J 2016; 34:405-410. [PMID: 27523650 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Studying polysaccharide-protein interactions under physiological conditions by conventional techniques is challenging. Ideally, macromolecules could be followed by both in vitro spectroscopy experiments as well as in tissues using microscopy, to enable a proper comparison of results over these different scales but, often, this is not feasible. The cell surface and extracellular matrix polysaccharides, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) lack groups that can be detected selectively in the biological milieu. The introduction of 19F labels into GAG polysaccharides is explored and the interaction of a labelled GAG with the heparin-binding protein, antithrombin, employing 19F NMR spectroscopy is followed. Furthermore, the ability of 19F labelled GAGs to be imaged using CARS microscopy is demonstrated. 19F labelled GAGs enable both 19F NMR protein-GAG binding studies in solution at the molecular level and non-linear microscopy at a microscopic scale to be conducted on the same material, essentially free of background signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, UNIFESP, Rua Três de Maio, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 40440, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
| | - Renan P Cavalheiro
- Department of Biochemistry, UNIFESP, Rua Três de Maio, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 40440, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Viana
- Department of Biochemistry, UNIFESP, Rua Três de Maio, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 40440, Brazil
| | - Maria C Z Meneghetti
- Department of Biochemistry, UNIFESP, Rua Três de Maio, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 40440, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Rudd
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
- The National Institute of Biological Standards and Controls, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Mark A Skidmore
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Andrew K Powell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, L3 3AF, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edwin A Yates
- Department of Biochemistry, UNIFESP, Rua Três de Maio, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 40440, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK.
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
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7
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Du JY, Chen LR, Liu S, Lin JH, Liang QT, Lyon M, Wei Z. Ion-pairing liquid chromatography with on-line electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry for the structural analysis of N-unsubstituted heparin/heparan sulfate. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1028:71-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Mulloy B, Wu N, Gyapon-Quast F, Lin L, Zhang F, Pickering MC, Linhardt RJ, Feizi T, Chai W. Abnormally High Content of Free Glucosamine Residues Identified in a Preparation of Commercially Available Porcine Intestinal Heparan Sulfate. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6648-52. [PMID: 27295282 PMCID: PMC4948919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
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Heparan sulfate (HS)
polysaccharides are ubiquitous in animal tissues
as components of proteoglycans, and they participate in many important
biological processes. HS carbohydrate chains are complex and can contain
rare structural components such as N-unsubstituted
glucosamine (GlcN). Commercially available HS preparations have been
invaluable in many types of research activities. In the course of
preparing microarrays to include probes derived from HS oligosaccharides,
we found an unusually high content of GlcN residue in a recently purchased
batch of porcine intestinal mucosal HS. Composition and sequence analysis
by mass spectrometry of the oligosaccharides obtained after heparin
lyase III digestion of the polysaccharide indicated two and three
GlcN in the tetrasaccharide and hexasaccharide fractions, respectively. 1H NMR of the intact polysaccharide showed that this unusual
batch differed strikingly from other HS preparations obtained from
bovine kidney and porcine intestine. The very high content of GlcN
(30%) and low content of GlcNAc (4.2%) determined by disaccharide
composition analysis indicated that N-deacetylation
and/or N-desulfation may have taken place. HS is
widely used by the scientific community to investigate HS structures
and activities. Great care has to be taken in drawing conclusions
from investigations of structural features of HS and specificities
of HS interaction with proteins when commercial HS is used without
further analysis. Pending the availability of a validated commercial
HS reference preparation, our data may be useful to members of the
scientific community who have used the present preparation in their
studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Lin
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
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Liang QT, Du JY, Fu Q, Lin JH, Wei Z. Preparation and characterization of heparin hexasaccharide library with N-unsubstituted glucosamine residues. Glycoconj J 2015; 32:643-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Liang QT, Xiao XM, Lin JH, Wei Z. A new sequencing approach for N-unsubstituted heparin/heparan sulfate oligosaccharides. Glycobiology 2015; 25:714-25. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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11
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Miller T, Goude MC, McDevitt TC, Temenoff JS. Molecular engineering of glycosaminoglycan chemistry for biomolecule delivery. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1705-19. [PMID: 24121191 PMCID: PMC3960340 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, negatively charged polysaccharides that interact with a variety of positively charged growth factors. In this review article the effects of engineering GAG chemistry for molecular delivery applications in regenerative medicine are presented. Three major areas of focus at the structure-function-property interface are discussed: (1) macromolecular properties of GAGs; (2) effects of chemical modifications on protein binding; (3) degradation mechanisms of GAGs. GAG-protein interactions can be based on: (1) GAG sulfation pattern; (2) GAG carbohydrate conformation; (3) GAG polyelectrolyte behavior. Chemical modifications of GAGs, which are commonly performed to engineer molecular delivery systems, affect protein binding and are highly dependent on the site of modification on the GAG molecules. The rate and mode of degradation can determine the release of molecules as well as the length of GAG fragments to which the cargo is electrostatically coupled and eventually released from the delivery system. Overall, GAG-based polymers are a versatile biomaterial platform offering novel means to engineer molecular delivery systems with a high degree of control in order to better treat a range of degenerated or injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Miller
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Melissa C Goude
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Todd C McDevitt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Johnna S Temenoff
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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