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Crochemore C, Cimmaruta C, Fernández-Molina C, Ricchetti M. Reactive Species in Progeroid Syndromes and Aging-Related Processes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:208-228. [PMID: 34428933 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive species have been classically considered causative of age-related degenerative processes, but the scenario appears considerably more complex and to some extent counterintuitive than originally anticipated. The impact of reactive species in precocious aging syndromes is revealing new clues to understand and perhaps challenge the resulting degenerative processes. Recent Advances: Our understanding of reactive species has considerably evolved, including their hormetic effect (beneficial at a certain level, harmful beyond this level), the occurrence of diverse hormetic peaks in different cell types and organisms, and the extended type of reactive species that are relevant in biological processes. Our understanding of the impact of reactive species has also expanded from the dichotomic damaging/signaling role to modulation of gene expression. Critical Issues: These new concepts are affecting the study of aging and diseases where aging is greatly accelerated. We discuss how notions arising from the study of the underlying mechanisms of a progeroid disease, Cockayne syndrome, represent a paradigm shift that may shed a new light in understanding the role of reactive species in age-related degenerative processes. Future Issues: Future investigations urge to explore established and emerging notions to elucidate the multiple contributions of reactive species in degenerative processes linked to pathophysiological aging and their possible amelioration. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 208-228.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Crochemore
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sup'Biotech, Villejuif, France
| | - Chiara Cimmaruta
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Fernández-Molina
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Lourenço CF, Ledo A, Barbosa RM, Laranjinha J. Neurovascular-neuroenergetic coupling axis in the brain: master regulation by nitric oxide and consequences in aging and neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:668-682. [PMID: 28435052 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The strict energetic demands of the brain require that nutrient supply and usage be fine-tuned in accordance with the specific temporal and spatial patterns of ever-changing levels of neuronal activity. This is achieved by adjusting local cerebral blood flow (CBF) as a function of activity level - neurovascular coupling - and by changing how energy substrates are metabolized and shuttled amongst astrocytes and neurons - neuroenergetic coupling. Both activity-dependent increase of CBF and O2 and glucose utilization by active neural cells are inextricably linked, establishing a functional metabolic axis in the brain, the neurovascular-neuroenergetic coupling axis. This axis incorporates and links previously independent processes that need to be coordinated in the normal brain. We here review evidence supporting the role of neuronal-derived nitric oxide (•NO) as the master regulator of this axis. Nitric oxide is produced in tight association with glutamatergic activation and, diffusing several cell diameters, may interact with different molecular targets within each cell type. Hemeproteins such as soluble guanylate cyclase, cytochrome c oxidase and hemoglobin, with which •NO reacts at relatively fast rates, are but a few of the key in determinants of the regulatory role of •NO in the neurovascular-neuroenergetic coupling axis. Accordingly, critical literature supporting this concept is discussed. Moreover, in view of the controversy regarding the regulation of catabolism of different neural cells, we further discuss key aspects of the pathways through which •NO specifically up-regulates glycolysis in astrocytes, supporting lactate shuttling to neurons for oxidative breakdown. From a biomedical viewpoint, derailment of neurovascular-neuroenergetic axis is precociously linked to aberrant brain aging, cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Thus, we summarize current knowledge of how both neurovascular and neuroenergetic coupling are compromised in aging, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy and age-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, suggesting that a shift in cellular redox balance may contribute to divert •NO bioactivity from regulation to dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia F Lourenço
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ledo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M Barbosa
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Ozsoy O, Aras S, Ozkan A, Parlak H, Gemici B, Uysal N, Aslan M, Yargicoglu P, Agar A. The effect of ingested sulfite on active avoidance in normal and sulfite oxidase-deficient aged rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2016; 27:81-87. [PMID: 27788621 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1253812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible toxic effects of sulfite on neurons by measuring active avoidance learning in normal and sulfite oxidase (SOX)-deficient aged rats. Twenty-four months of age Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), sulfite-treated group (S), SOX-deficient group (D) and SOX-deficient + sulfite-treated group (DS). SOX deficiency was established by feeding rats with a low molybdenum (Mo) diet and adding 200 ppm tungsten (W) to their drinking water. Sulfite in the form of sodium metabisulfite (25 mg/kg) was given by gavage for six weeks. Active avoidance responses were determined by using an automated shuttle box. Hepatic SOX activity was measured to confirm SOX deficiency. The hippocampus was used for determining the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) and caspase-3 enzymes and the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitrate/nitrite. SOX-deficient rats had an approximately 10-fold decrease in hepatic SOX activity compared with normal rats. Sulfite did not induce impairment of active avoidance learning in SOX-deficient rats and in normal rats compared with their control groups. Sulfite had no effect on the activity of COX and caspase-3 in the hippocampus. Treatment with sulfite did not significantly increase the level of PGE2 and nitrate/nitrite in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozsoy
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Sinem Aras
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Ayse Ozkan
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Hande Parlak
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Burcu Gemici
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Near East University , Nicosia , Turkey
| | - Nimet Uysal
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Mutay Aslan
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Piraye Yargicoglu
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Aysel Agar
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , Turkey
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Xiong ZK, Lang J, Xu G, Li HY, Zhang Y, Wang L, Su Y, Sun AJ. Excessive levels of nitric oxide in rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:553-558. [PMID: 25574233 PMCID: PMC4280943 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic rotenone models of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are highly reproducible and may provide evidence on the pathogenesis of PD. In the present study, male Sprague-Dawley rats (1-year-old) were subcutaneously administered with rotenone (1.5 mg/kg/day) for six days and observed for the following three weeks. Compared with the control rats, a significant decrease was observed in the body weight and a marked increase was observed in the areas under the behavioral scoring curves in the rotenone-treated rats. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the abundance of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons was markedly reduced following rotenone treatment. ELISA and neurochemical assays demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and NO synthase, whereas a marked decrease was observed in the thiol levels in the brains of the rotenone-treated rats. Thus, subacute rotenone treatment was found to induce behavioral deficits and the loss of nigral TH-positive neurons which may be associated with the excessive levels of NO in the rat brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Kui Xiong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China ; Department of Radiotherapy, Shaoxing Campus, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China ; Department of Clinical Medicine, Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312099, P.R. China
| | - Juan Lang
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312099, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312099, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312099, P.R. China
| | - Yao Su
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312099, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Jing Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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Yang MJ, Sim S, Jeon JH, Jeong E, Kim HC, Park YJ, Kim IB. Mitral and tufted cells are potential cellular targets of nitration in the olfactory bulb of aged mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59673. [PMID: 23527248 PMCID: PMC3601056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory sensory function declines with age; though, the underlying molecular changes that occur in the olfactory bulb (OB) are relatively unknown. An important cellular signaling molecule involved in the processing, modulation, and formation of olfactory memories is nitric oxide (NO). However, excess NO can result in the production of peroxynitrite to cause oxidative and nitrosative stress. In this study, we assessed whether changes in the expression of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), a neurochemical marker of peroxynitrite and thus oxidative damage, exists in the OB of young, adult, middle-aged, and aged mice. Our results demonstrate that OB 3-NT levels increase with age in normal C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, in aged mice, 3-NT immunoreactivity was found in some blood vessels and microglia throughout the OB. Notably, large and strongly immunoreactive puncta were found in mitral and tufted cells, and these were identified as lipofuscin granules. Additionally, we found many small-labeled puncta within the glomeruli of the glomerular layer and in the external plexiform layer, and these were localized to mitochondria and discrete segments of mitral and tufted dendritic plasma membranes. These results suggest that mitral and tufted cells are potential cellular targets of nitration, along with microglia and blood vessels, in the OB during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jae Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sooyeon Sim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Jeon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eojin Jeong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Ochang Branch, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- * E-mail: (YJP); (IBK)
| | - In-Beom Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (YJP); (IBK)
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Alterations in nitric oxide synthase in the aged CNS. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:718976. [PMID: 22829960 PMCID: PMC3399597 DOI: 10.1155/2012/718976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with neuronal loss, gross weight reduction of the brain, and glial proliferation in the cortex, all of which lead to functional changes in the brain. It is known that oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of aging; additionally, growing evidence suggests that excessive nitric oxide (NO) production contributes to the aging process. However, it is still unclear how NO plays a role in the aging process. This paper describes age-related changes in the activity of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d), a marker for neurons containing nitric oxide synthase (NOS), in many CNS regions. Understanding these changes may provide a novel perspective in identifying the aging mechanism.
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Simmons DA, Yahr P. Nitric oxidergic cells related to ejaculation in gerbil forebrain contain androgen receptor and respond to testosterone. J Comp Neurol 2011; 519:900-15. [PMID: 21280043 PMCID: PMC3863384 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two clusters of forebrain neurons-one in the posterodorsal preoptic nucleus (PdPN) and one in the lateral part of the posterodorsal medial amygdala (MeApd)-are activated at ejaculation in male rats and gerbils as seen with Fos immunocytochemistry. To understand the functions of these cells and how they respond synchronously, it may be useful to identify their neurotransmitters. Nitric oxide (NO) was of interest because its levels in the preoptic area affect ejaculation, and it could synchronize clustered neurons through paracrine/volume transmission. Thus, we determined whether the ejaculation-related cells produce NO by assessing Fos co-localization with NO synthase (NOS) in recently mated male gerbils. We also studied NOS-Fos co-localization in the medial part of the medial preoptic nucleus (MPNm), where half of the neurons that express Fos after mating reflect ejaculation. We also quantified NOS co-localization with androgen receptor (AR) and NOS sensitivity to androgens at these sites. Without quantification, we extended these analyses throughout the hypothalamus and amygdala. Many mating-activated PdPN, lateral MeApd, and MPNm cells contained NOS (32-54%), and many NOS neurons at these sites expressed Fos (34-51%) or AR (25-69%). PdPN and MPNm NOS cells were sensitive to testosterone but not its androgenic metabolite dihydrotestosterone. The overall distribution of NOS and NOS-AR cells was similar to that in rats. These data suggest that NO may help to synchronize the activation of PdPN and lateral MeApd neurons at ejaculation and that NOS in PdPN and MPNm cells is regulated by testosterone acting via estradiol or without undergoing metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Simmons
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5235
| | - Pauline Yahr
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4550
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