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Chen XY, Wang TT, Shen Q, Ma H, Li ZH, Yu XN, Huang XF, Qing LS, Luo P. Preclinical Investigations on Anti-fibrotic Potential of Long-Term Oral Therapy of Sodium Astragalosidate in Animal Models of Cardiac and Renal Fibrosis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:421-431. [PMID: 38357273 PMCID: PMC10863439 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine, Radix Astragali has played a vital role in treating progressive fibrotic diseases. One of its main active components, astragaloside IV, is a promising anti-fibrotic treatment despite its extremely low bioavailability. Our study aimed to optimize sodium astragalosidate (SA) by salt formation to improve solubility and oral absorption for anti-fibrotic therapy in vivo. Isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis rat models and obese BKS-db mice presenting diabetic kidney fibrosis were used in this study. Daily oral administration of SA (20 mg/kg) for 14 days ameliorated cardiac fibrosis by reducing collagen accumulation and fibrosis-related inflammatory signals, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. In db/db mice, SA (5,10, and 20 mg/kg per day for 8 weeks) dose-dependently alleviated lipid metabolism impairment and renal dysfunction when administered orally. Furthermore, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated that SA treatment inhibited renal fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β1/Smads signaling. Taken together, our findings provide the oral-route medication availability of SA, which thus might offer a novel lead compound in preclinical trial-enabling studies for developing a long-term therapy to treat and prevent fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Chen
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- Institute
of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- Chengdu
Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Shen
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Hao Ma
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zhan-Hua Li
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xi-Na Yu
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Chengdu
Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin-Sen Qing
- Chengdu
Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State
Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science
and Technology, Macau 999078, China
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Zhu Y, Chen B, Zu Y. Identifying OGN as a Biomarker Covering Multiple Pathogenic Pathways for Diagnosing Heart Failure: From Machine Learning to Mechanism Interpretation. Biomolecules 2024; 14:179. [PMID: 38397416 PMCID: PMC10886937 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiologic heterogeneity of heart failure (HF) necessitates a more detailed identification of diagnostic biomarkers that can reflect its diverse pathogenic pathways. METHODS We conducted weighted gene and multiscale embedded gene co-expression network analysis on differentially expressed genes obtained from HF and non-HF specimens. We employed a machine learning integration framework and protein-protein interaction network to identify diagnostic biomarkers. Additionally, we integrated gene set variation analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and transcription factor (TF)-target analysis to unravel the biomarker-dominant pathways. Leveraging single-sample GSEA and molecular docking, we predicted immune cells and therapeutic drugs related to biomarkers. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction validated the expressions of biomarkers in the plasma of HF patients. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was implemented to investigate the causal impact of biomarkers on HF. RESULTS We first identified COL14A1, OGN, MFAP4, and SFRP4 as candidate biomarkers with robust diagnostic performance. We revealed that regulating biomarkers in HF pathogenesis involves TFs (BNC2, MEOX2) and pathways (cell adhesion molecules, chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, oxidative phosphorylation). Moreover, we observed the elevated infiltration of effector memory CD4+ T cells in HF, which was highly related to biomarkers and could impact immune pathways. Captopril, aldosterone antagonist, cyclopenthiazide, estradiol, tolazoline, and genistein were predicted as therapeutic drugs alleviating HF via interactions with biomarkers. In vitro study confirmed the up-regulation of OGN as a plasma biomarker of HF. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that genetic predisposition toward higher plasma OGN promoted the risk of HF. CONCLUSIONS We propose OGN as a diagnostic biomarker for HF, which may advance our understanding of the diagnosis and pathogenesis of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Lin-gang), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yao Zu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China
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Pec J, Buchner S, Fox H, Oldenburg O, Stadler S, Maier LS, Arzt M, Wagner S. Inflammation and Fibrosis in Sleep-Disordered Breathing after Acute Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2024; 12:154. [PMID: 38255259 PMCID: PMC10813793 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After acute myocardial infarction (AMI), inflammatory processes promote tissue remodeling at the infarct site. Procollagen III amino-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) is a circulating biomarker of type III collagen synthesis that has been shown to be associated with changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and predicts the occurrence of heart failure after AMI. We hypothesize that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) promotes inflammation and myocardial fibrosis, leading to reduced myocardial salvage. Therefore, in patients with first-time AMI successfully treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we aimed to investigate whether circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and PIIINP are elevated in patients with SDB compared to patients without SDB. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional analysis included a total of 88 eligible patients with first AMI and PCI pooled from two prospective studies and stratified according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, with SDB: AHI ≥ 15 h-1). We analyzed circulating levels of hs-CRP and PIIINP 3-5 days after PCI. Patients with SDB had significantly higher levels of hs-CRP (18.3 mg/L [95% CI, 8.0-42.6] vs. 5.8 mg/L [95% CI, 4.2-19.8], p = 0.002) and PIIINP (0.49 U/mL [95% CI, 0.40-0.60] vs. 0.33 U/mL [95% CI, 0.28-0.43], p < 0.001). In a multivariable linear regression model accounting for important clinical confounders, SDB significantly predicted circulating levels of hs-CRP (p = 0.028). Similarly, only SDB was independently associated with PIIINP (p < 0.001). Only obstructive but not central AHI correlated with circulating levels of hs-CRP (p = 0.012) and PIIINP (p = 0.006) levels. CONCLUSIONS The presence of obstructive SDB after AMI was independently associated with increased circulating levels of hs-CRP and PIIINP. Our results emphasize the important role of SDB as a common comorbidity and indicate increased inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pec
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (L.S.M.); (M.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Stefan Buchner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cham Hospital, 93413 Cham, Germany
| | - Henrik Fox
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Olaf Oldenburg
- Center for Cardiology, Ludgerus-Kliniken, 48153 Münster, Germany;
| | - Stefan Stadler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (L.S.M.); (M.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (L.S.M.); (M.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Michael Arzt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (L.S.M.); (M.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (L.S.M.); (M.A.); (S.W.)
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Shabani Z, Schuerger J, Zhu X, Tang C, Ma L, Yadav A, Liang R, Press K, Weinsheimer S, Schmidt A, Wang C, Sekhar A, Nelson J, Kim H, Su H. Increased Collagen I/Collagen III Ratio Is Associated with Hemorrhage in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations in Human and Mouse. Cells 2024; 13:92. [PMID: 38201296 PMCID: PMC10778117 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The increase in the collagen I (COL I)/COL III ratio enhances vessel wall stiffness and renders vessels less resistant to blood flow and pressure changes. Activated microglia enhance inflammation-induced fibrosis. Hypotheses: The COL I/COL III ratio in human and mouse brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is associated with bAVM hemorrhage, and the depletion of microglia decreases the COL I/COL III ratio and hemorrhage. Method: COL I, COL III, and hemorrhages were analyzed in 12 human bAVMs and 6 control brains, and mouse bAVMs induced in three mouse lines with activin receptor-like kinase 1 (n = 7) or endoglin (n = 7) deleted in the endothelial cells or brain focally (n = 5). The controls for the mouse study were no-gene-deleted litter mates. Mouse bAVMs were used to test the relationships between the Col I/Col III ratio and hemorrhage and whether the transient depletion of microglia reduces the Col I/Col III ratio and hemorrhage. Results: The COL I/COL III ratio was higher in the human and mouse bAVMs than in controls. The microhemorrhage in mouse bAVMs was positively correlated with the Col I/Col III ratio. Transient depletion of microglia reduced the Col I/Col III ratio and microhemorrhage. Conclusions: The COL I/COL III ratio in the bAVMs was associated with bAVM hemorrhage. The depletion of microglia reduced the bAVM Col I/Col III ratio and hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shabani
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joana Schuerger
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chaoliang Tang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alka Yadav
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rich Liang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kelly Press
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shantel Weinsheimer
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Annika Schmidt
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Calvin Wang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Abinav Sekhar
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeffrey Nelson
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Helen Kim
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (Z.S.); (J.S.); (X.Z.); (C.T.); (L.M.); (A.Y.); (R.L.); (K.P.); (S.W.); (A.S.); (C.W.); (A.S.); (J.N.); (H.K.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Pereira TCR, Fidale TM, Guimarães LC, Deconte SR, Herrera GC, Mundim AV, de Sales Cabral E, Lopes PR, de Souza FR, de Ulhôa Rocha Júnior LD, Silva ATF, Resende ES. Cardioprotective Effects of the 4-Week Aerobic Running Exercises Before Treatment with Doxorubicin in Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:265-277. [PMID: 37402033 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity, and physical exercise seeks to minimize the toxic effects of doxorubicin through physiological cardiac remodeling, as well as the reduction of oxidative stress, evidenced by previous studies. This study aimed to analyze whether running training before treatment with doxorubicin influences tolerance to physical exertion and cardiotoxicity. Thirty-nine male Wistar rats, aged 90 days and weighing between 250 and 300 g, were divided into 4 groups: Control (C), Doxorubicin (D), Trained (T), and Trained + Doxorubicin (TD). Animals in groups T and DT were submitted to treadmill running for 3 weeks, 5 times a week at 18 m/min for 20-30 min before treatment with doxorubicin. Animals in groups D and DT received intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin hydrochloride three times a week for two weeks, reaching a total cumulative dose of 7.50 mg/kg. Our results show an increase in total collagen fibers in the D group (p = 0.01), but no increase in the TD group, in addition to the attenuation of the number of cardiac mast cells in the animals in the TD group (p = 0.05). The animals in the TD group showed maintenance of tolerance to exertion compared to group D. Therefore, running training attenuated the cardiac damage caused by the treatment with doxorubicin, in addition to maintaining the tolerance to exertion in the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Cristina Rodrigues Pereira
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
- , Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Montes Fidale
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Catalão- UFCAT, Catalão-Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucas Costa Guimarães
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Ramos Deconte
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo de Sales Cabral
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Lopes
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry-FOAr, Paulista State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues de Souza
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Alinne Tatiane Faria Silva
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Prof. Dr, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Elmiro Santos Resende
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Xie L, Zhou Z, Chen HX, Yan XY, Ye JQ, Jiang Y, Zhou L, Zhang Q. Correlations between serum laminin level and severity of heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1089304. [PMID: 37008313 PMCID: PMC10060624 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1089304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum laminin (LN) levels and clinical stages of heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods A total of 277 patients with chronic heart failure were selected from September 2019 to June 2020 in the Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University. Based on stages of heart failure, the patients were divided into four groups: stage A, stage B, stage C, and stage D, with 55, 54, 77, and 91 cases, respectively. At the same time, 70 healthy people in this period were selected as the control group. Baseline data were recorded and serum Laminin (LN) levels were measured. The research compared, the differences in baseline data among the four groups of HF and normal controls, and analyzed the correlation between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of LN in the C-D stage of heart failure. Logistic multivariate ordered analysis was applied to screen the independent related factors of clinical stages of heart failure. Results Serum LN levels in patients with chronic heart failure were significantly higher than those in healthy people, which were 33.2 (21.38, 101.9) ng/ml and 20.45 (15.53, 23.04) ng/ml, respectively. With the progression of clinical stages of HF, serum LN and NT-proBNP levels increased, while LVEF gradually decreased (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that LN was positively correlated with NT-proBNP (r = 0.744, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with LVEF (r = -0.568, P = 0.000). The area under the ROC curve of LN for predicting C and D stages of heart failure was 0.913, 95% confidence interval was 0.882-0.945, P = 0.000, specificity 94.97%, and sensitivity 77.38%. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that LN, Total bilirubin, NT-proBNP and HA were all independent correlates of heart failure staging. Conclusion Serum LN levels in patients with chronic heart failure are significantly increased and are independently correlated with the clinical stages of heart failure. It could potentially be an early warning index of the progression and severity of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Deparment of Science and Education, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Xiao Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yan
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jia-Qi Ye
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Umbarkar P, Tousif S, Singh AP, Anderson JC, Zhang Q, Tallquist MD, Woodgett J, Lal H. Fibroblast GSK-3α Promotes Fibrosis via RAF-MEK-ERK Pathway in the Injured Heart. Circ Res 2022; 131:620-636. [PMID: 36052698 PMCID: PMC9481711 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and health care expenditures worldwide. Numerous studies have implicated GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) as a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. GSK-3 isoforms seem to play overlapping, unique and even opposing functions in the heart. Previously, we have shown that of the 2 isoforms of GSK-3, cardiac fibroblast GSK-3β acts as a negative regulator of myocardial fibrosis in the ischemic heart. However, the role of cardiac fibroblast-GSK-3α in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases is completely unknown. METHODS To define the role of cardiac fibroblast-GSK-3α in myocardial fibrosis and heart failure, GSK-3α was deleted from fibroblasts or myofibroblasts with tamoxifen-inducible Tcf21- or Postn-promoter-driven Cre recombinase. Control and GSK-3α KO mice were subjected to cardiac injury and heart parameters were evaluated. The fibroblast kinome mapping was carried out to delineate molecular mechanism followed by in vivo and in vitro analysis. RESULTS Fibroblast-specific GSK-3α deletion restricted fibrotic remodeling and preserved function of the injured heart. We observed reductions in cell migration, collagen gel contraction, α-SMA protein levels, and expression of ECM genes in TGFβ1-treated KO fibroblasts, indicating that GSK-3α is required for myofibroblast transformation. Surprisingly, GSK-3α deletion did not affect SMAD3 activation, suggesting the profibrotic role of GSK-3α is SMAD3 independent. The molecular studies confirmed decreased ERK signaling in GSK-3α-KO CFs. Conversely, adenovirus-mediated expression of a constitutively active form of GSK-3α (Ad-GSK-3αS21A) in fibroblasts increased ERK activation and expression of fibrogenic proteins. Importantly, this effect was abolished by ERK inhibition. CONCLUSIONS GSK-3α-mediated MEK-ERK activation is a critical profibrotic signaling circuit in the injured heart, which operates independently of the canonical TGF-β1-SMAD3 pathway. Therefore, strategies to inhibit the GSK-3α-MEK-ERK signaling circuit could prevent adverse fibrosis in diseased hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Umbarkar
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
| | - Sultan Tousif
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
| | - Anand P. Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
| | - Joshua C. Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
| | | | - James Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA
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Collagen Type III as a Possible Blood Biomarker of Fibrosis in Equine Endometrium. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141854. [PMID: 35883401 PMCID: PMC9311888 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the mare, endometrosis is a disease characterized by excessive collagen fibers deposition in the endometrium (uterus inner layer), which is responsible for infertility. The gold standard method for endometrosis evaluation has been endometrial biopsy histopathological classification. The use of blood biomarkers for endometrosis identification would be less invasive, and could provide additional information regarding endometrosis diagnosis and fertility prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify possible blood biomarkers for endometrosis diagnosis and fertility assessment on mares. Reproductive examination, endometrial biopsy histopathological classification, and blood collection were performed. Endometrium and serum collagen type I (COL1) and type III (COL3), and hydroxyproline concentrations were determined. In conclusion, serum COL3 concentration might be considered as a potential aid for the diagnosis of endometrosis and fertility prognosis in the mare. In contrast, COL1 and hydroxyproline did not prove to be effective as biomarkers of endometrial fibrosis in this species. Although it is very unlikely that a single blood biomarker could replace a histopathological evaluation, serum COL3 may have clinical applications. Thus, it may be useful to evaluate a group of mares as possible recipients in embryo transfer programs, where performing endometrial biopsies of several mares is not feasible. Abstract Collagen pathological deposition in equine endometrium (endometrosis) is responsible for infertility. Kenney and Doig’s endometrial biopsy histopathological classification is the gold standard method for endometrosis evaluation, whereby blood biomarkers identification would be less invasive and could provide additional information regarding endometrosis diagnosis and fertility prognosis. This study aimed to identify blood biomarkers for endometrosis diagnosis (42 mares were used in experiment 1), and fertility assessment (50 mares were used in experiment 2). Reproductive examination, endometrial biopsy histopathological classification (Kenney and Doig) and blood collection were performed. Endometrium and serum collagen type I (COL1) and type III (COL3), and hydroxyproline concentrations were measured (ELISA). Serum COL3 cut-off value of 60.9 ng/mL allowed healthy endometria (category I) differentiation from endometria with degenerative/fibrotic lesions (categories IIA, IIB or III) with 100% specificity and 75.9% sensitivity. This cut-off value enabled category I + IIA differentiation from IIB + III (76% specificity, 81% sensitivity), and category III differentiation from others (65% specificity, 92.3% sensitivity). COL1 and hydroxyproline were not valid as blood biomarkers. Serum COL3 cut-off value of 146 ng/mL differentiated fertile from infertile mares (82.4% specificity, 55.6% sensitivity), and was not correlated with mares’ age. Only COL3 may prove useful as a diagnostic aid in mares with endometrial fibrosis and as a fertility indicator.
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Senekovič Kojc T, Marčun Varda N. Novel Biomarkers of Heart Failure in Pediatrics. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050740. [PMID: 35626917 PMCID: PMC9139970 DOI: 10.3390/children9050740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel biomarkers of heart failure are the subject of numerous studies. Biomarkers of heart failure can be determined in the blood and in the urine. Seven groups of biomarkers of heart failure based on pathophysiological mechanisms are presented in this review, namely biomarkers of myocardial stretch, myocyte injury, myocardial remodeling, biomarkers of inflammation, renal dysfunction, neurohumoral activation, and oxidative stress. Studies of biomarkers in the pediatric population are scarce, therefore, further investigation is needed for reliable prognostic and therapeutic implications. The future of biomarker use is in multimarker panels that include a combination of biomarkers with different pathophysiological mechanisms in order to improve their diagnostic and prognostic predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teja Senekovič Kojc
- Department of Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataša Marčun Varda
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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10
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A New Hypothetical Concept in Metabolic Understanding of Cardiac Fibrosis: Glycolysis Combined with TGF-β and KLF5 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084302. [PMID: 35457114 PMCID: PMC9027193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of fibrosis in cardiac tissues is one of the leading causes of heart failure. The principal cellular effectors in cardiac fibrosis are activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which serve as the primary source of matrix proteins. TGF-β signaling pathways play a prominent role in cardiac fibrosis. The control of TGF-β by KLF5 in cardiac fibrosis has been demonstrated for modulating cardiovascular remodeling. Since the expression of KLF5 is reduced, the accumulation of fibrosis diminishes. Because the molecular mechanism of fibrosis is still being explored, there are currently few options for effectively reducing or reversing it. Studying metabolic alterations is considered an essential process that supports the explanation of fibrosis in a variety of organs and especially the glycolysis alteration in the heart. However, the interplay among the main factors involved in fibrosis pathogenesis, namely TGF-β, KLF5, and the metabolic process in glycolysis, is still indistinct. In this review, we explain what we know about cardiac fibroblasts and how they could help with heart repair. Moreover, we hypothesize and summarize the knowledge trend on the molecular mechanism of TGF-β, KLF5, the role of the glycolysis pathway in fibrosis, and present the future therapy of cardiac fibrosis. These studies may target therapies that could become important strategies for fibrosis reduction in the future.
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11
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Kui P, Polyák A, Morvay N, Tiszlavicz L, Nagy N, Ördög B, Takács H, Leprán I, Farkas A, Papp JG, Jost N, Varró A, Baczkó I, Farkas AS. Long-Term Endurance Exercise Training Alters Repolarization in a New Rabbit Athlete’s Heart Model. Front Physiol 2022; 12:741317. [PMID: 35237176 PMCID: PMC8882986 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.741317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of long-term exercise training was investigated on myocardial morphological and functional remodeling and on proarrhythmic sensitivity in a rabbit athlete’s heart model. New-Zealand white rabbits were trained during a 12-week long treadmill running protocol and compared with their sedentary controls. At the end of the training protocol, echocardiography, in vivo and in vitro ECG recordings, proarrhythmic sensitivity with dofetilide (nM) were performed in isolated hearts, and action potential duration (APD) measurements at different potassium concentrations (4.5 and 2 mM) were made in the isolated papillary muscles. Expression levels of the slow component of delayed rectifier potassium current and fibrosis synthesis and degradation biomarkers were quantified. Echocardiography showed a significantly dilated left ventricle in the running rabbits. ECG PQ and RR intervals were significantly longer in the exercised group (79 ± 2 vs. 69 ± 2 ms and 325 ± 11 vs. 265 ± 6 ms, p < 0.05, respectively). The in vivo heart rate variability (HRV) (SD of root mean square: 5.2 ± 1.4 ms vs. 1.4 ± 0.2 ms, p < 0.05) and Tpeak-Tend variability were higher in the running rabbits. Bradycardia disappeared in the exercised group in vitro. Dofetilide tended to increase the QTc interval in a greater extent, and significantly increased the number of arrhythmic beats in the trained animals in vitro. APD was longer in the exercised group at a low potassium level. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed significantly greater messenger RNA expression of fibrotic biomarkers in the exercised group. Increased repolarization variability and higher arrhythmia incidences, lengthened APD at a low potassium level, increased fibrotic biomarker gene expressions may indicate higher sensitivity of the rabbit “athlete’s heart” to life-threatening arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Kui
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Polyák
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Working Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Morvay
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Tiszlavicz
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Working Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Ördög
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Leprán
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julius Gy. Papp
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Working Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Jost
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Working Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Varró
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Working Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- *Correspondence: András Varró,
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila S. Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Koniari I, Artopoulou E, Velissaris D, Ainslie M, Mplani V, Karavasili G, Kounis N, Tsigkas G. Biomarkers in the clinical management of patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure. J Geriatr Cardiol 2021; 18:908-951. [PMID: 34908928 PMCID: PMC8648548 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are two cardiovascular diseases with an increasing prevalence worldwide. These conditions share common pathophysiologiesand frequently co-exit. In fact, the occurrence of either condition can 'cause' the development of the other, creating a new patient group that demands different management strategies to that if they occur in isolation. Regardless of the temproral association of the two conditions, their presence is linked with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, increased rate of hospitalizations, and increased economic burden on healthcare systems. The use of low-cost, easily accessible and applicable biomarkers may hasten the correct diagnosis and the effective treatment of AF and HF. Both AF and HF effect multiple physiological pathways and thus a great number of biomarkers can be measured that potentially give the clinician important diagnostic and prognostic information. These will then guide patient centred therapeutic management. The current biomarkers that offer potential for guiding therapy, focus on the physiological pathways of miRNA, myocardial stretch and injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, coagulation and renal impairment. Each of these has different utility in current clinincal practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Koniari
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Artopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Mark Ainslie
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - Virginia Mplani
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Karavasili
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Kounis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Grigorios Tsigkas
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Rationale and design of the PHOspholamban RElated CArdiomyopathy intervention STudy (i-PHORECAST). Neth Heart J 2021; 30:84-95. [PMID: 34143416 PMCID: PMC8799798 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-021-01584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The p.Arg14del (c.40_42delAGA) phospholamban (PLN) pathogenic variant is a founder mutation that causes dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Carriers are at increased risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure, which has been ascribed to cardiac fibrosis. Importantly, cardiac fibrosis appears to be an early feature of the disease, occurring in many presymptomatic carriers before the onset of overt disease. As with most monogenic cardiomyopathies, no evidence-based treatment is available for presymptomatic carriers. Aims The PHOspholamban RElated CArdiomyopathy intervention STudy (iPHORECAST) is designed to demonstrate that pre-emptive treatment of presymptomatic PLN p.Arg14del carriers using eplerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with established antifibrotic effects, can reduce disease progression and postpone the onset of overt disease. Methods iPHORECAST has a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint (PROBE) design. Presymptomatic PLN p.Arg14del carriers are randomised to receive either 50 mg eplerenone once daily or no treatment. The primary endpoint of the study is a multiparametric assessment of disease progression including cardiac magnetic resonance parameters (left and right ventricular volumes, systolic function and fibrosis), electrocardiographic parameters (QRS voltage, ventricular ectopy), signs and/or symptoms related to DCM and ACM, and cardiovascular death. The follow-up duration is set at 3 years. Baseline results A total of 84 presymptomatic PLN p.Arg14del carriers (n = 42 per group) were included. By design, at baseline, all participants were in New York Heart Association (NHYA) class I and had a left ventricular ejection fraction > 45% and < 2500 ventricular premature contractions during 24-hour Holter monitoring. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any of the baseline characteristics. The study is currently well underway, with the last participants expected to finish in 2021. Conclusion iPHORECAST is a multicentre, prospective randomised controlled trial designed to address whether pre-emptive treatment of PLN p.Arg14del carriers with eplerenone can prevent or delay the onset of cardiomyopathy. iPHORECAST has been registered in the clinicaltrials.gov-register (number: NCT01857856).
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14
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Zhang H, Viveiros A, Nikhanj A, Nguyen Q, Wang K, Wang W, Freed DH, Mullen JC, MacArthur R, Kim DH, Tymchak W, Sergi CM, Kassiri Z, Wang S, Oudit GY. The Human Explanted Heart Program: A translational bridge for cardiovascular medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:165995. [PMID: 33141063 PMCID: PMC7581399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The progression of cardiovascular research is often impeded by the lack of reliable disease models that fully recapitulate the pathogenesis in humans. These limitations apply to both in vitro models such as cell-based cultures and in vivo animal models which invariably are limited to simulate the complexity of cardiovascular disease in humans. Implementing human heart tissue in cardiovascular research complements our research strategy using preclinical models. We established the Human Explanted Heart Program (HELP) which integrates clinical, tissue and molecular phenotyping thereby providing a comprehensive evaluation into human heart disease. Our collection and storage of biospecimens allow them to retain key pathogenic findings while providing novel insights into human heart failure. The use of human non-failing control explanted hearts provides a valuable comparison group for the diseased explanted hearts. Using HELP we have been able to create a tissue repository which have been used for genetic, molecular, cellular, and histological studies. This review describes the process of collection and use of explanted human heart specimens encompassing a spectrum of pediatric and adult heart diseases, while highlighting the role of these invaluable specimens in translational research. Furthermore, we highlight the efficient procurement and bio-preservation approaches ensuring analytical quality of heart specimens acquired in the context of heart donation and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anissa Viveiros
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anish Nikhanj
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Quynh Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kaiming Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John C Mullen
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roderick MacArthur
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel H Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wayne Tymchak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Consolato M Sergi
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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15
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Reese-Petersen AL, Olesen MS, Karsdal MA, Svendsen JH, Genovese F. Atrial fibrillation and cardiac fibrosis: A review on the potential of extracellular matrix proteins as biomarkers. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:188-203. [PMID: 32205152 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of fibrosis as an underlying pathology in heart diseases is becoming increasingly clear. In recent years, fibrosis has been granted a causative role in heart diseases and is now emerging as a major contributor to Atrial Fibrillation (AF) pathogenesis. AF is the most common arrhythmia encountered in the clinic, but the substrate for AF is still being debated. Consensus in the field is a combination of cardiac tissue remodeling, inflammation and genetic predisposition. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is subject of growing investigation, since measuring circulatory biomarkers of ECM formation and degradation provides both diagnostic and prognostic information. However, fibrosis is not just fibrosis. Each specific collagen biomarker holds information on regulatory mechanisms, as well as information about which section of the ECM is being remodeled, providing a detailed description of cardiac tissue homeostasis. This review entails an overview of the implication of fibrosis in AF, the different collagens and their significance, and the potential of using biomarkers of ECM remodeling as tools for understanding AF pathogenesis and identifying patients at risk for further disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morten S Olesen
- Labratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Jesper H Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ravassa S, González A, Bayés-Genís A, Lupón J, Díez J. La fibrosis intersticial miocárdica en la era de la medicina de precisión. El fenotipado basado en biomarcadores para un tratamiento personalizado. Rev Esp Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ravassa S, González A, Bayés-Genís A, Lupón J, Díez J. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis in the era of precision medicine. Biomarker-based phenotyping for a personalized treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 73:248-254. [PMID: 31759935 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial interstitial fibrosis is a constant pathological finding in structural heart diseases of various etiologies that evolve with heart failure. Although fibrosis facilitates heart failure progression, until now no therapeutic strategy has been developed that ensures its reversal. A possible explanation for this may lie in the vision of myocardial interstitial fibrosis as a homogeneous lesion instead of a heterogeneous lesion in which different phenotypes can be distinguished using appropriate criteria. In addition, the notion that the heterogeneity of myocardial interstitial fibrosis may be cardiac disease-specific must be also considered when approaching this entity. Therefore, we propose that myocardial interstitial fibrosis represents a true challenge for transitioning from usual care to biomarker-based personalized treatment and precision medicine in heart failure. As a proof-of-concept, in this review we discuss the phenotyping of myocardial interstitial fibrosis in patients with heart failure attributable to hypertensive heart disease based on its histomolecular alterations and provide evidence of the prognostic relevance of the resulting stratification. Furthermore, we discuss the available information on some circulating biomarkers and certain pharmacological agents useful for noninvasive identification and personalized treatment, respectively, of those phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Unitat d'Insuficiència Cardíaca, Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep Lupón
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Unitat d'Insuficiència Cardíaca, Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, and Nephrology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Collagen biomarkers predict new onset of hypertension in normotensive participants: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 2019; 36:2245-2250. [PMID: 29782392 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular remodeling associated with increased extracellular matrix (ECM) may precede hypertension. Procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) and collagen type I carboxy-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) reflect collagen turnover and are important in ECM remodeling. PIIINP and ICTP are increased in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We hypothesized that PIIINP and ICTP among normotensives predict incident hypertension. METHODS We included 1252 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants with mean age 58.1 ± 12.4 years, 48% men, free of overt CVD, having SBP and DBP less than 130/85 mmHg and not using any antihypertensive medication, and having plasma PIIINP and ICTP measurements, all assessed at baseline. We studied the association of baseline PIIINP and ICTP with the relative incidence density (RID) of incident hypertension, defined as SBP/DBP at least 140/90 mmHg, or antihypertensive therapy use during follow-up (four examinations over median 9.4 years). RESULTS Baseline mean SBP/DBP was 110.9 ± 14.0/67.9 ± 10.4 mmHg. Mean concentration of PIIINP was 5.39 ± 1.95 μg/l and ICTP was 3.18 ± 1.39 μg/l. During follow-up visits, 35.9% of the participants developed hypertension. After adjustment for age, race, and sex there was a significant RID for new onset of hypertension of 1.16 (1.06, 1.28), P = 0.0017 for PIIINP and 1.20 (1.08,1.33) for ICTP, P = 0.0008. After additional adjustment for renal function, CVD risk factors and inflammatory variables, RID for new onset hypertension was 1.28 (1.15,1.42), P < 0.001 for PIIINP and 1.29 (1.15,1.44) for ICTP, P < 0.0001. CONCLUSION Biomarkers of ECM remodeling predicted the development of hypertension in normotensive participants free of overt CVD.
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Raj V, Charles S, Ramasamy M, Goenka L, Kamatchi M, George M, Arockiaraj J, Dhandapani VE, Narayanasamy A, Mala K. Cell cycle arrest in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: A non-invasive method for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Andrade Gomes HJ, de Padua Vieira Alves V, Nacif MS. The Value of T1 Mapping Techniques in the Assessment of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2019; 27:563-574. [PMID: 31279457 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, characterized by net accumulation of extracellular matrix in the myocardium, is a common final pathway of heart failure. This myocardial fibrosis (MF) is not necessarily the primary cause of dysfunction; it often results from a reparative process activated in response to cardiomyocyte injury. In light of currently available treatments, late-identified MF could be definitive or irreversible, associated with worsening ventricular systolic function, abnormal cardiac remodeling, and increased ventricular stiffness and arrhythmia. T1 mapping should be used to detect incipient changes leading to myocardial damage in several clinical conditions and also in subclinical disease. This article reviews available techniques for MF detection, focusing on noninvasive quantification of diffuse fibrosis and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Souto Nacif
- Radiology Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Unidade de Radiologia Clínica, Hospital viValle (Rede D'or-São Luiz), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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21
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de Boer RA, De Keulenaer G, Bauersachs J, Brutsaert D, Cleland JG, Diez J, Du XJ, Ford P, Heinzel FR, Lipson KE, McDonagh T, Lopez-Andres N, Lunde IG, Lyon AR, Pollesello P, Prasad SK, Tocchetti CG, Mayr M, Sluijter JPG, Thum T, Tschöpe C, Zannad F, Zimmermann WH, Ruschitzka F, Filippatos G, Lindsey ML, Maack C, Heymans S. Towards better definition, quantification and treatment of fibrosis in heart failure. A scientific roadmap by the Committee of Translational Research of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:272-285. [PMID: 30714667 PMCID: PMC6607480 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pivotal player in heart failure development and progression. Measurements of (markers of) fibrosis in tissue and blood may help to diagnose and risk stratify patients with heart failure, and its treatment may be effective in preventing heart failure and its progression. A lack of pathophysiological insights and uniform definitions has hampered the research in fibrosis and heart failure. The Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association discussed several aspects of fibrosis in their workshop. Early insidious perturbations such as subclinical hypertension or inflammation may trigger first fibrotic events, while more dramatic triggers such as myocardial infarction and myocarditis give rise to full blown scar formation and ongoing fibrosis in diseased hearts. Aging itself is also associated with a cardiac phenotype that includes fibrosis. Fibrosis is an extremely heterogeneous phenomenon, as several stages of the fibrotic process exist, each with different fibrosis subtypes and a different composition of various cells and proteins — resulting in a very complex pathophysiology. As a result, detection of fibrosis, e.g. using current cardiac imaging modalities or plasma biomarkers, will detect only specific subforms of fibrosis, but cannot capture all aspects of the complex fibrotic process. Furthermore, several anti‐fibrotic therapies are under investigation, but such therapies generally target aspecific aspects of the fibrotic process and suffer from a lack of precision. This review discusses the mechanisms and the caveats and proposes a roadmap for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Brutsaert
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John G Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics & Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, Departments of Nephrology, and Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Natalia Lopez-Andres
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Idisna, Spain
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Royal Brompton Hospital, and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Carlo G Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Manuel Mayr
- The James Black Centre, King's College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Excellence Cluster, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center and Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,The Netherlands Heart Institute, Nl-HI, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Chrysin attenuates interstitial fibrosis and improves cardiac function in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction. J Mol Histol 2018; 49:555-565. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-018-9793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Ytrehus K, Hulot JS, Perrino C, Schiattarella GG, Madonna R. Perivascular fibrosis and the microvasculature of the heart. Still hidden secrets of pathophysiology? Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 107:S1537-1891(17)30469-X. [PMID: 29709645 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Perivascular fibrosis, the deposition of connective tissue around the vessels, has been demonstrated crucially involved in the development of cardiac dysfunction. Although cardiac fibrosis has been shown to be reversible under certain experimental conditions, effective anti-fibrotic therapies remain largely elusive. Therefore, perivascular fibrosis currently represents a major therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. The main topic of this review will be to address the mechanisms underlying perivascular fibrosis of the vasculature within the myocardium, with a special focus on perivascular fibrosis of small vessels, microvascular dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Ytrehus
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Dept of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; The Texas Heart Institute and Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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24
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Duprez DA, Gross MD, Kizer JR, Ix JH, Hundley WG, Jacobs DR. Predictive Value of Collagen Biomarkers for Heart Failure With and Without Preserved Ejection Fraction: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.007885. [PMID: 29475876 PMCID: PMC5866330 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen biomarkers may correlate with incident heart failure (HF) and its subtypes. We hypothesized that circulating procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) and collagen type I carboxy-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) predict incident HF. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a stratified sampling design in a multiethnic sample of 3187 subjects, initially aged 45 to 84 years and free of cardiovascular disease. We assayed baseline serum PIIINP and ICTP concentrations using radioimmunoassay. Incident HF was adjudicated, distinguishing reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; EF <45%) from preserved EF (HFpEF; EF ≥45%). The incidence density for HFpEF and HFrEF was computed using Poisson regression per SD for each of PIIINP and ICTP, adjusting in model 1 for age, race, sex, and renal function or in model 2 for these variables plus blood pressure and medication. Mean (SD) ICTP was 3.38±1.77 μg/L, and mean (SD) PIIINP was 5.48±2.04 μg/L. Among the HF cases, 96 were HFrEF and 107 were HFpEF. Neither ICTP nor PIIINP significantly predicted incident HFrEF. The incidence density for HFpEF per 100 people observed for 13 years was 1.65 for low PIIINP (lower 6 octiles) versus 3.00 for higher PIIINP (P=0.002) in model 1 and correspondingly 1.45 versus 2.59 (P=0.003) in model 2. For low ICTP (lower 7 octiles) versus higher ICTP (octile 8), incidence densities were 1.79 versus 3.64 (P=0.002) in model 1 and 1.58 versus 3.12 (P=0.002) in model 2. CONCLUSIONS High levels of circulating ICTP and PIIINP as collagen biomarkers appear to be associated with incident HFpEF, but not HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Duprez
- Cardiovascular Division, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Myron D Gross
- Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Nephrology Division, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | | | - David R Jacobs
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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25
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Abstract
Background Cardiac fibrosis occurs because of disruption of the extracellular matrix network leading to myocardial dysfunction. Angiotensin II has been implicated in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Recently, microRNAs have been identified as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cardiac pathologies; however, the underlying mechanism of microRNAs in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. MicroRNA‐130a (miR‐130a) has been shown to participate in angiogenesis and cardiac arrhythmia; however, its role in cardiac fibrosis is unknown. Methods and Results In this study, we found that miR‐130a was significantly upregulated in angiotensin II‐infused mice. The in vivo inhibition of miR‐130a by locked nucleic acid– based anti‐miR‐130a in mice significantly reduced angiotensin II‐induced cardiac fibrosis. Upregulation of miR‐130a was confirmed in failing human hearts. Overexpressing miR‐130a in cardiac fibroblasts promoted profibrotic gene expression and myofibroblasts differentiation, and the inhibition of miR‐130a reversed the processes. Using the constitutive and dominant negative constructs of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ 3‐′untranslated region (UTR), data revealed that the protective mechanism was associated with restoration of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ level leading to the inhibition of angiotensin II‐induced cardiac fibrosis. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that miR‐130a plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis by directly targeting peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ. We conclude that inhibition of miR‐130a would be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A & M Health Science Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kelsey R Bounds
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott White Health, Temple, TX
| | - Piyali Chatterjee
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott White Health, Temple, TX
| | - Sudhiranjan Gupta
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A & M Health Science Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX
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26
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Trippel TD, Van Linthout S, Westermann D, Lindhorst R, Sandek A, Ernst S, Bobenko A, Kasner M, Spillmann F, González A, López B, Ravassa S, Pieske B, Paulus WJ, Díez J, Edelmann F, Tschöpe C. Investigating a biomarker-driven approach to target collagen turnover in diabetic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients. Effect of torasemide versus furosemide on serum C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (DROP-PIP trial). Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 20:460-470. [PMID: 28891228 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with myocardial remodelling including severe pro-fibrotic changes contributing to an increase in left ventricular stiffness and diastolic dysfunction. Serum C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PIP) strongly correlates with the turnover of extracellular cardiac matrix proteins and fibrosis. Torasemide, but not furosemide, was described to reduce collagen type I synthesis in clinically unstable patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. We evaluated whether its effect translated to HFpEF patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and abnormal basal PIP levels. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a relatively small, single-centre, randomised, double-blind, two-arm parallel-group, active controlled clinical trial in 35 HFpEF patients with T2DM to determine the effects of a 9-month treatment with torasemide vs. furosemide on changes of serum PIP levels. Patients with increased PIP levels (≥110 ng/mL), or evidence of structural changes with a left atrial volume index (LAVI) >29 mL/m2 and abnormal PIP levels (≥70 ng/mL), were eligible to participate. Fifteen patients were female (42%), mean age was 69 years, body mass index was 34.7 kg/m2 , 83% were in New York Heart Association class II/III. Echocardiographic characteristics showed a mean left ventricular ejection fraction of >60%, a left ventricular mass index >120 g/m2 , an E/e' ratio of 14, and a LAVI of 40 mL/m2 with a NT-proBNP of 174 ng/L and a 6-minute walk distance of 421 m. Mean per cent change in PIP was 2.63 ± 5.68% (±SEM) in torasemide vs. 2.74 ± 6.49% in furosemide (P = 0.9898) treated patients. Torasemide was not superior to furosemide in improving functional capacity, diastolic function, quality of life, or neuroendocrine activation. CONCLUSION In this hypothesis-generating, mechanistic trial in stable HFpEF patients with T2DM, neither long-term administration of torasemide nor furosemide was associated with a significant effect on myocardial fibrosis, as assessed by serum PIP. Further studies are urgently needed in this field. More specific diuretic and anti-fibrotic treatment strategies in T2DM and/or HFpEF are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Daniel Trippel
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruhdja Lindhorst
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Sandek
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Anna Bobenko
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Kasner
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Cardiology, Department of Medicine (CBF), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Spillmann
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña López
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Walter J Paulus
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research VU, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Guo Y, Gupte M, Umbarkar P, Singh AP, Sui JY, Force T, Lal H. Entanglement of GSK-3β, β-catenin and TGF-β1 signaling network to regulate myocardial fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 110:109-120. [PMID: 28756206 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nearly every form of the heart disease is associated with myocardial fibrosis, which is characterized by the accumulation of activated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Although, CFs are the primary mediators of myocardial fibrosis in a diseased heart, in the traditional view, activated CFs (myofibroblasts) and resulting fibrosis were simply considered the secondary consequence of the disease, not the cause. Recent studies from our lab and others have challenged this concept by demonstrating that fibroblast activation and fibrosis are not simply the secondary consequence of a diseased heart, but are crucial for mediating various myocardial disease processes. In regards to the mechanism, the vast majority of literature is focused on the direct role of canonical SMAD-2/3-mediated TGF-β signaling to govern the fibrogenic process. Herein, we will discuss the emerging role of the GSK-3β, β-catenin and TGF-β1-SMAD-3 signaling network as a critical regulator of myocardial fibrosis in the diseased heart. The underlying molecular interactions and cross-talk among signaling pathways will be discussed. We will primarily focus on recent in vivo reports demonstrating that CF-specific genetic manipulation can lead to aberrant myocardial fibrosis and sturdy cardiac phenotype. This will allow for a better understanding of the driving role of CFs in the myocardial disease process. We will also review the specificity and limitations of the currently available genetic tools used to study myocardial fibrosis and its associated mechanisms. A better understanding of the GSK-3β, β-catenin and SMAD-3 signaling network may provide a novel therapeutic target for the management of myocardial fibrosis in the diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Guo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Manisha Gupte
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Prachi Umbarkar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Anand Prakash Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Jennifer Y Sui
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Thomas Force
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB, Suite#348, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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28
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Kossack M, Hein S, Juergensen L, Siragusa M, Benz A, Katus HA, Most P, Hassel D. Induction of cardiac dysfunction in developing and adult zebrafish by chronic isoproterenol stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 108:95-105. [PMID: 28554511 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish is a widely used model to evaluate genetic variants and modifiers that can cause heart muscle diseases. Surprisingly, the β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) pathway in zebrafish is not well characterized, although abnormal β-AR signaling is a major contributor to human heart failure (HF). Chronic β-AR activation in the attempt to normalize heart function in the failing heart results in a reduction of the β-ARs expression and receptor desensitization, largely mediated through G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) upregulation. This in turn leads to further deterioration of heart function and progression towards HF. This study seeks to systematically characterize the function of the β-AR signaling in developing and adult zebrafish to ultimately assess the ability to induce HF through chronic β-AR activation by isoproterenol (ISO) as established in the mouse model. Larval hearts first responded to ISO by 3dpf, in concordance with robust expression of key components of the β-AR signaling pathway. Although ISO-induced β1-AR and β2-AR isoform upregulation persisted, chronic ISO stimulation for 5d caused systolic cardiac dysfunction concurrently with maximal expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2). More consistent to mammalians, adult zebrafish developed significant heart failure in concert with β1-AR downregulation, and GRK2 and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) upregulation in response to prolonged, 14d ISO-stimulation. This was accompanied by significant cell death and inflammation without detectable fibrosis. Our study unveils important characteristics of larvae and adult zebrafish hearts pertaining to β-AR signaling. A lack of β-AR responsiveness and atypical β-AR/GRK2 ratios in larval zebrafish should be considered. Adult zebrafish resembled the mammalian situation on the functional and molecular level more closely, but also revealed differences to dysfunctional mammalian hearts, i.e. lack of fibrosis. Our study establishes the first ISO-inducible HF model in adult zebrafish and present critical characteristics of the zebrafish heart essential to be considered when utilizing the zebrafish as a human disease and future drug discovery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Kossack
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Selina Hein
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lonny Juergensen
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Benz
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Most
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - David Hassel
- Department of Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, INF 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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29
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Duprez DA, Gross MD, Sanchez OA, Kizer JR, Ix JH, Lima J, Tracy RP, Jacobs DR. Collagen Turnover Markers in Relation to Future Cardiovascular and Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Clin Chem 2017; 63:1237-1247. [PMID: 28515098 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.270520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained remodeling of extracellular matrix can compromise organs and tissues. Procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) and collagen type I carboxy-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) reflect collagen synthesis and degradation. We studied their predictive value for future death and disease. METHODS A total of 3068 men and women in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and in generally good health had a baseline blood sample taken for ICTP and PIIINP. Median follow-up was 13.0 years. Among 4 primary outcomes, CVD events (n = 697) were adjudicated, death (n = 571) was by death certificate, and chronic inflammatory-related severe hospitalization and death (ChrIRD, n = 726) and total cancer (n = 327) were classified using International Classification of Diseases codes. We used Poisson regression to study baseline ICTP and PIIINP relative to these outcomes. RESULTS Mean (SD) PIIINP was 5.47 (1.95) μg/L and ICTP was 3.37 (1.70) μg/L. PIIINP and ICTP were highly correlated with each other and with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Adjustment for age and eGFR attenuated relative risks, remaining 20%-30% per SD of both PIIINP and ICTP in prediction for total death and ChrIRD, and of PIIINP for cancer, with little additional attenuation by adjusting for risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers. CVD outcome was generally unrelated to PIIINP but became marginally inversely related to ICTP in the most adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS The collagen biomarkers PIIINP and ICTP, in part through pathophysiologically parallel associations with renal function, predicted ChrIRD and total death. Moreover, PIIINP predicted future cancer. These collagen markers may help differentiate healthy from unhealthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Otto A Sanchez
- Nephrology Division, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Nephrology Division, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Joao Lima
- Cardiovascular Division, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester, VT
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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30
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Hu X, Bai T, Xu Z, Liu Q, Zheng Y, Cai L. Pathophysiological Fundamentals of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:693-711. [PMID: 28333387 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) was first recognized more than four decades ago and occurred independent of cardiovascular diseases or hypertension in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. The exact mechanisms underlying this disease remain incompletely understood. Several pathophysiological bases responsible for DCM have been proposed, including the presence of hyperglycemia, nonenzymatic glycosylation of large molecules (e.g., proteins), energy metabolic disturbance, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, impaired calcium handling, reactive oxygen species formation, inflammation, cardiac cell death, and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, leading to impairment of cardiac contractile functions. Increasing evidence also indicates the phenomenon called "metabolic memory" for diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications, for which epigenetic modulation seemed to play an important role, suggesting that the aforementioned pathogenic bases may be regulated by epigenetic modification. Therefore, this review aims at briefly summarizing the current understanding of the pathophysiological bases for DCM. Although how epigenetic mechanisms play a role remains incompletely understood now, extensive clinical and experimental studies have implicated its importance in regulating the cardiac responses to diabetes, which are believed to shed insight into understanding of the pathophysiological and epigenetic mechanisms for the development of DCM and its possible prevention and/or therapy. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:693-711, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tao Bai
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zheng Xu
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Qiuju Liu
- Department of Hematological Disorders the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Wendy Novak Diabetes Care Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Abstract
Although substantial improvements have been made in majority of cardiac disorders, heart failure (HF) remains a major health problem, with both increasing incidence and prevalence over the past decades. For that reason, the number of potential biomarkers that could contribute to diagnosis and treatment of HF patients is, almost exponentially, increasing over the recent years. The biomarkers that are, at the moment, more or less ready for use in everyday clinical practice, reflect different pathophysiological processes present in HF. In this review, seven groups of biomarkers associated to myocardial stretch (mid-regional proatrial natriuretic peptide, MR-proANP), myocyte injury (high-sensitive troponins, hs-cTn; heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, H-FABP; glutathione transferase P1, GSTP1), matrix remodeling (galectin-3; soluble isoform of suppression of tumorigenicity 2, sST2), inflammation (growth differentiation factor-15, GDF-15), renal dysfunction (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL; kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), neurohumoral activation (adrenomedullin, MR-proADM; copeptin), and oxidative stress (ceruloplasmin; myeloperoxidase, MPO; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG; thioredoxin 1, Trx1) in HF will be overviewed. It is important to note that clinical value of individual biomarkers within the single time points in both diagnosis and outcome prediction in HF is limited. Hence, the future of biomarker application in HF lies in the multimarker panel strategy, which would include specific combination of biomarkers that reflect different pathophysiological processes underlying HF.
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Santana ET, Feliciano RDS, Serra AJ, Brigidio E, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Silva JA. Comparative mRNA and MicroRNA Profiling during Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Coronary Occlusion and Ablation Radio-Frequency Currents. Front Physiol 2016; 7:565. [PMID: 27932994 PMCID: PMC5123550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery is the most commonly used experimental model to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in rodents. A high mortality in the acute phase and the heterogeneity of the size of the MI obtained are drawbacks recognized in this model. In an attempt to solve the problem, our group recently developed a new MI experimental model which is based on application of myocardial ablation radio-frequency currents (AB-RF) that yielded MI with homogeneous sizes and significantly reduce acute mortality. In addition, cardiac structural, and functional changes aroused by AB-RF were similar to those seen in animals with MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Herein, we compared mRNA expression of genes that govern post-MI milieu in occlusion and ablation models. We analyzed 48 mRNAs expressions of nine different signal transduction pathways (cell survival and metabolism signs, matrix extracellular, cell cycle, oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium signaling, hypertrophy markers, angiogenesis, and inflammation) in rat left ventricle 1 week after MI generated by both coronary occlusion and AB-RF. Furthermore, high-throughput miRNA analysis was also assessed in both MI procedures. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels and miRNA expressions showed strong similarities between both models after MI, with few specificities in each model, activating similar signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of genomic alterations of mRNA and miRNA contents after two different MI procedures and identifies key signaling regulators modulating the pathophysiology of these two models that might culminate in heart failure. Furthermore, these analyses may contribute with the current knowledge concerning transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes of AB-RF protocol, arising as an alternative and effective MI method that reproduces most changes seem in coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Santana
- Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Dos Santos Feliciano
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil; Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Brigidio
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Morris
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - José A Silva
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
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Barallobre-Barreiro J, Lynch M, Yin X, Mayr M. Systems biology-opportunities and challenges: the application of proteomics to study the cardiovascular extracellular matrix. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:626-636. [PMID: 27635058 PMCID: PMC5157133 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology approaches including proteomics are becoming more widely used in cardiovascular research. In this review article, we focus on the application of proteomics to the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM remodelling is a hallmark of many cardiovascular diseases. Proteomic techniques using mass spectrometry (MS) provide a platform for the comprehensive analysis of ECM proteins without a priori assumptions. Proteomics overcomes various constraints inherent to conventional antibody detection. On the other hand, studies that use whole tissue lysates for proteomic analysis mask the identification of the less abundant ECM constituents. In this review, we first discuss decellularization-based methods that enrich for ECM proteins in cardiac tissue, and how targeted MS allows for accurate protein quantification. The second part of the review will focus on post-translational modifications including hydroxylation and glycosylation and on the release of matrix fragments with biological activity (matrikines), all of which can be interrogated by proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Lynch
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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Sun G, Liu F, Qu R. Effect of High Thoracic Sympathetic Nerve Block on Serum Collagen Biomarkers in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Cardiology 2016; 136:102-107. [PMID: 27591776 DOI: 10.1159/000448165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of high thoracic sympathetic block (HTSB) on myocardial fibrosis in chronic heart failure (HF) is unclear. Myocardial collagen synthesis can be assessed by measuring circulating biomarkers. We observed the effect of HTSB on serum collagen biomarkers in HF. METHODS Forty-four patients were randomized to a control and a HTSB group. They received routine medications. Repeated epidural injections were given to the HTSB group for 4 weeks. Echocardiography and measurements of serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PICP) and amino-terminal propeptide of procollagen type III (PIIINP) were performed at baseline and 4 weeks later. RESULTS There were significant reductions in left atrial diameter, left ventricular (LV) diameter and volume, LV weight index (LVWI) and serum PICP and PIIINP levels in the HTSB group (p < 0.05). The changes in LV end-systolic volume and ejection fraction (LVEF) were greater in the HTSB group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In the HTSB group, the decreases in PICP and PIIINP were correlated with the decrease in LVWI (PICP: r = 0.695, p = 0.000; PIIINP: r = 0.642, p = 0.001), and the decrease in PICP was negatively associated with the rise in LVEF (r = -0.813, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION HTSB reduces myocardial fibrosis in HF, which may accompany the improvement of LV hypertrophy and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Sun
- Department of Internal Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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35
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Hassoun E, Safrin M, Ziv H, Pri-Chen S, Kessler E. Procollagen C-Proteinase Enhancer 1 (PCPE-1) as a Plasma Marker of Muscle and Liver Fibrosis in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159606. [PMID: 27458976 PMCID: PMC4961444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current non-invasive diagnostic methods of fibrosis are limited in their ability to identify early and intermediate stages of fibrosis and assess the efficacy of therapy. New biomarkers of fibrosis are therefore constantly sought for, leading us to evaluate procollagen C-proteinase enhancer 1 (PCPE-1), a fibrosis-related extracellular matrix glycoprotein, as a plasma marker of fibrosis. A sandwich ELISA that permitted accurate measurements of PCPE-1 concentrations in mouse plasma was established. Tissue fibrosis was assessed using histochemical, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting analyses for type I collagen and PCPE-1. The normal plasma concentration of PCPE-1 in 6 weeks to 4 months old mice was ~200 ng/ml (189.5 ± 11.3 to 206.8 ± 13.8 ng/ml). PCPE-1 plasma concentrations in four and 8.5 months old mdx mice displaying fibrotic diaphragms increased 27 and 40% respectively relatively to age-matched control mice, an increase comparable to that of the N-propeptide of procollagen type III (PIIINP), a known blood marker of fibrosis. PCPE-1 plasma levels in mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis increased 34 to 50% relatively to respective controls and reflected the severity of the disease, namely increased gradually during the progression of fibrosis and went down to basal levels during recovery, in parallel to changes in the liver content of collagen I and PCPE-1. The results favor PCPE-1 as a potential new clinically valuable fibrosis biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Hassoun
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Mary Safrin
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Hana Ziv
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Sarah Pri-Chen
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Efrat Kessler
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
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36
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Zhou H, Qu X, Gao Z, Zheng G, Lin J, Su L, Huang Z, Li H, Huang W. Relaxin Level in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Association with Heart Failure Occurrence: A STROBE Compliant Article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3664. [PMID: 27227926 PMCID: PMC4902350 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia requiring medical treatment and has been associated with enhanced atrial fibrosis and heart failure (HF). Relaxin (RLX), an antifibrosis and antiinflammatory peptide hormone, may be used to evaluate atrial fibrosis and is associated with HF occurrence in AF. We aimed to clarify the clinical significance of RLX level in patients with AF.We measured circulating levels of RLX and other fibrosis-related factors in 311 patients with sinus rhythm (SR; n = 116) or AF (n = 195). All discharged AF patients were followed up for the occurrence of HF for a mean of 6 months.Circulating levels of RLX were significantly different in patients with AF as compared with SR (P < 0.001), and in the subgroup analysis of AF. RLX level was correlated with left atrial diameter (LAD; R = 0.358, P < 0.001). Among followed up AF patients, on Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, patients with the third RLX tertile (T3) had a significantly higher HF rate than those with the 1st tertile (T1) (P = 0.002) and the cut-off value was 294.8 ng/L (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.723). On multivariable analysis, HF occurrence with AF was associated with increased tertile of serum RLX level (odds ratio [OR] 2.659; confidence interval [95% CI] 1.434-4.930; P = 0.002).RLX is associated with fibrosis-related biomarkers and significantly elevated in AF. RLX was related to the HF occurrence in patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
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Gallet R, de Couto G, Simsolo E, Valle J, Sun B, Liu W, Tseliou E, Zile MR, Marbán E. Cardiosphere-derived cells reverse heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in rats by decreasing fibrosis and inflammation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:14-28. [PMID: 27104217 PMCID: PMC4834906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unclear. Myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and cardiac hypertrophy have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of HFpEF. Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are heart-derived cell products with antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study tested whether rat CDCs were sufficient to decrease manifestations of HFpEF in hypertensive rats. Starting at 7 weeks of age, Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet for 6 to 7 weeks and randomized to receive intracoronary CDCs or placebo. Dahl rats fed normal chow served as controls. High-salt rats developed hypertension, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction, without impairment of ejection fraction. Four weeks after treatment, diastolic dysfunction resolved in CDC-treated rats but not in placebo. The improved LV relaxation was associated with lower LV end-diastolic pressure, decreased lung congestion, and enhanced survival in CDC-treated rats. Histology and echocardiography revealed no decrease in cardiac hypertrophy after CDC treatment, consistent with the finding of sustained, equally-elevated blood pressure in CDC- and placebo-treated rats. Nevertheless, CDC treatment decreased LV fibrosis and inflammatory infiltrates. Serum inflammatory cytokines were likewise decreased after CDC treatment. Whole-transcriptome analysis revealed that CDCs reversed changes in numerous transcripts associated with HFpEF, including many involved in inflammation and/or fibrosis. These studies suggest that CDCs normalized LV relaxation and LV diastolic pressure while improving survival in a rat model of HFpEF. The benefits of CDCs occurred despite persistent hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. By selectively reversing inflammation and fibrosis, CDCs may be beneficial in the treatment of HFpEF. The pathogenesis of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unclear. Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are heart-derived cell products with antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties, which have been implicated in HFpEF. Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet for 6 to7 weeks and randomized to receive intracoronary CDCs or placebo. Following CDC treatment, diastolic dysfunction resolved in treated rats but not in the placebo group. Treatment with CDCs also lower LV end-diastolic pressure, decrease lung congestion, and enhance survival. CDC treatment decreased LV fibrosis and inflammatory infiltrates, and reversed many of the transcriptomic changes associated with HFpEF, but had no effect on cardiac hypertrophy. By selectively reversing inflammation and fibrosis, CDCs may be beneficial in the treatment of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eli Simsolo
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Baiming Sun
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Weixin Liu
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and the RHJ Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
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Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, Minicucci MF, Paiva SAR, Zornoff LAM. Cardiac Remodeling: Concepts, Clinical Impact, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Pharmacologic Treatment. Arq Bras Cardiol 2015; 106:62-9. [PMID: 26647721 PMCID: PMC4728597 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is defined as a group of molecular, cellular and interstitial changes that manifest clinically as changes in size, mass, geometry and function of the heart after injury. The process results in poor prognosis because of its association with ventricular dysfunction and malignant arrhythmias. Here, we discuss the concepts and clinical implications of cardiac remodeling, and the pathophysiological role of different factors, including cell death, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen, contractile proteins, calcium transport, geometry and neurohormonal activation. Finally, the article describes the pharmacological treatment of cardiac remodeling, which can be divided into three different stages of strategies: consolidated, promising and potential strategies.
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Chang CW, Dalgliesh AJ, López JE, Griffiths LG. Cardiac extracellular matrix proteomics: Challenges, techniques, and clinical implications. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015. [PMID: 26200932 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a dynamic tissue component, providing not only structural support, but also functionally participating in a wide range of signaling events during development, injury, and disease remodeling. Investigation of dynamic changes in cardiac ECM proteome is challenging due to the relative insolubility of ECM proteins, which results from their macromolecular nature, extensive post-translational modification (PTM), and tendency to form protein complexes. Finally, the relative abundance of cellular and mitochondrial proteins in cardiac tissue further complicates cardiac ECM proteomic approaches. Recent developments of various techniques to enrich and analyze ECM proteins are playing a major role in overcoming these challenges. Application of cardiac ECM proteomics in disease tissues can further provide spatial and temporal information relevant to disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and engineering of therapeutic candidates for cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Wei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ailsa J Dalgliesh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Javier E López
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Marqueti RDC, Hashimoto NY, Durigan JLQ, Batista e Silva LL, Almeida JAD, Silva MDGD, Oliveira EMD, Araújo HSSD. Nandrolone increases angiotensin-I converting enzyme activity in rats tendons. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220152103143667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been associated with several biological processes of the human body, regulating, among others blood pressure and water and electrolytes balance. Moreover, RAS also regulates connective tissue growth. Recently, studies have shown that the use of nandrolone modifies the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) activity and increases collagen deposition in the heart. OBJECTIVE: The aim of study was to evaluate the Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the superficial flexor tendon (SFT) and in serum after load exercise in combination with anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) administration after training session and six weeks of detraining. METHODS: Forty-eight Wistar rats were used into two groups (G1 and G2) subdivided into four subgroups: Sedentary (S); trained (T); AAS-treated (Deca-Durabolin(r), 5mg/kg, twice a week) sedentary rats (AAS) and AAS-treated and trained animals (AAST). Trained groups performed jumps in water: four series of 10 jumps each, followed by a 30 sec interval between the series, for seven weeks. RESULTS: Training increased ACE activity in the SFT compared to the control group (p <0.05). Both AAS and AAST groups presented higher ACE activity levels (p < 0.05). The AAST increased the ACE activity only compared to the trained animals. Only the AAST group presented significant higher levels of ACE in the serum. In the G2 group, all experimental groups presented decreased ACE activity in the serum and in the tendon, as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that AAS administration and its combination with exercise increased ACE activity of tendons. AAS abuse could compromise tendon adaptation causing maladaptive remodeling.
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Chalikias GK, Tziakas DN. Biomarkers of the extracellular matrix and of collagen fragments. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 443:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Baysa A, Sagave J, Carpi A, Zaglia T, Campesan M, Dahl CP, Bilbija D, Troitskaya M, Gullestad L, Giorgio M, Mongillo M, Di Lisa F, Vaage JI, Valen G. The p66ShcA adaptor protein regulates healing after myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fatkhudinov T, Bolshakova G, Arutyunyan I, Elchaninov A, Makarov A, Kananykhina E, Khokhlova O, Murashev A, Glinkina V, Goldshtein D, Sukhikh G. Bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cells promote myocardial fibrosis and reverse remodeling of the left ventricle. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:746873. [PMID: 25685158 PMCID: PMC4320796 DOI: 10.1155/2015/746873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is increasingly recognized as a beneficial practice in various cardiac conditions, but its fundamentals remain largely unclear. The fates of transplanted multipotent stromal cells in postinfarction cardiac microenvironments are particularly understudied. To address this issue, labeled multipotent stromal cells were infused into rat myocardium at day 30 after myocardial infarction, against the background of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Therapeutic effects of the transplantation were assessed by an exercise tolerance test. Histological examination at 14 or 30 days after the transplantation was conducted by means of immunostaining and quantitative image analysis. An improvement in the functional status of the cardiovascular system was observed after both the autologous and the allogeneic transplantations. Location of the label-positive cells within the heart was restricted to the affected part of myocardium. The transplanted cells could give rise to fibroblasts or myofibroblasts but not to cardiac myocytes or blood vessel cells. Both types of transplantation positively influenced scarring processes, and no expansion of fibrosis to border myocardium was observed. Left ventricular wall thickening associated with reduced dilatation index was promoted by transplantation of the autologous cells. According to the results, multipotent stromal cell transplantation prevents adverse remodeling and stimulates left ventricular reverse remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Fatkhudinov
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
- 3Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- *Timur Fatkhudinov:
| | - Galina Bolshakova
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina Arutyunyan
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
- 3Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Andrey Makarov
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Kananykhina
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Oksana Khokhlova
- 4Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Arkady Murashev
- 4Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Valeria Glinkina
- 3Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- 5Research Centre of Medical Genetics of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Moskvorechie Street, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Ueland T, Aukrust P, Nymo SH, Kjekshus J, McMurray JJV, Wikstrand J, Block D, Zaugg C, Gullestad L. Novel extracellular matrix biomarkers as predictors of adverse outcome in chronic heart failure: association between biglycan and response to statin therapy in the CORONA trial. J Card Fail 2014; 21:153-9. [PMID: 25451704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in left ventricular remodeling and progression of heart failure (HF). Biglycan and mimecan are ECM proteins that are abundantly expressed in cardiac tissue but have not been evaluated as prognostic markers in HF. We investigated their interaction with statin treatment and association with adverse outcome in chronic HF. METHODS AND RESULTS The association between serum levels of biglycan and mimecan and the primary end point (cardiovascular [CV] death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke), all-cause mortality, CV death, the composite of all-cause mortality/hospitalization for worsening of HF, and the coronary end point was evaluated in 1,390 patients >60 years of age with ischemic systolic HF in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in HF (CORONA) population, randomly assigned to 10 mg rosuvastatin or placebo. Serum biglycan and mimecan added no prognostic information beyond conventional risk factors, including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. However, statin treatment improved all outcomes except CV death in patients with low biglycan levels (ie, lower tertile), even after full multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Although circulating levels of mimecan and biglycan were of limited predictive value in patients with chronic HF, circulating biglycan could be a useful marker for targeting statin therapy in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor Ueland
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle H Nymo
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - John Kjekshus
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Lars Gullestad
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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ElMaghawry M, ElGuindy A. STOP-HF: Expanding the role of HF programs into the community. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2014; 2014:40-3. [PMID: 25405176 PMCID: PMC4220432 DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2014.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiez Zannad
- From the Inserm, CIC 9501 and U1116, Université de Lorraine, and CHU Nancy, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux, Nancy, France
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Lopez-Andrès N, Rossignol P, Iraqi W, Fay R, Nuée J, Ghio S, Cleland JG, Zannad F, Lacolley P. Association of galectin-3 and fibrosis markers with long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and dyssynchrony: insights from the CARE-HF (Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure) trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 14:74-81. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lopez-Andrès
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Wafae Iraqi
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Renaud Fay
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Josette Nuée
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Stefano Ghio
- Division of Cardiology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S Matteo, University Hospital; Piazzale Golgi 1 Pavia Italy
| | | | - Faiez Zannad
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- Inserm U961; Nancy Université; Nancy France
- Inserm; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy CIC-P 9501; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
- CHU de Nancy, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Hypertension Unit; Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu; Vandoeuvre-Lès Nancy France
- Nancy-Université, Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
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ten Brinke EA, Witkowski TG, Delgado V, Klein P, Klok M, Marsan NA, Klautz RJ, van der Wall EE, Bax JJ, van der Laarse A, Steendijk P. Myocardial collagen turnover after surgical ventricular restoration in heart failure patients. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 13:1202-10. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A. ten Brinke
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz G. Witkowski
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Klein
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Margreet Klok
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nina A. Marsan
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Klautz
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Ernst E. van der Wall
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. Bax
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud van der Laarse
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Paul Steendijk
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden The Netherlands
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Dorsch MP, Nemerovski CW, Ellingrod VL, Cowger JA, Dyke DB, Koelling TM, Wu AH, Aaronson KD, Simpson RU, Bleske BE. Vitamin D receptor genetics on extracellular matrix biomarkers and hemodynamics in systolic heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 19:439-45. [PMID: 24500905 DOI: 10.1177/1074248413517747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development of myocardial hypertrophy and inflammation. These findings suggest that vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genomics may play a role in myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the association between vitamin D levels, VDR polymorphisms, and biomarkers of left ventricular remodeling and hemodynamics. METHODS In a cross-sectional pilot study, patients with ejection fraction (EF) <40% (and New York Heart Association ≥ II) undergoing right heart catheterization were included in the study. Blood was collected for determination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (antibody competitive immunoassay), VDR genotypes (BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, and FokI), and biomarkers (N-terminal propeptide of collagen type III [PIIINP], matrix metalloproteinase 2, and galectin 3). The vitamin D genotypes were determined through the use of pyrosequencing. RESULTS A total of 30 patients with a mean EF of 17% ± 8% were enrolled. There was a significant association between the BsmI C allele, ApaI G allele, and TaqI A allele, which formed a haplotype block (CGA) for analysis. There were no differences in baseline parameters between patients with the VDR haplotype block (n = 20) and those without (n = 10). Individual genotypes were not associated with any biomarker or hemodynamics. Patients with the CGA haplotype demonstrated significantly higher log PIIINP values (1.74 ± 0.32 mcg/mL vs 1.36 ± 0.31 mcg/mL, P = .0041). When evaluating vitamin D levels below and above the median level (19 ng/mL), there was no significant difference between these 2 groups in regard to biomarker levels for left ventricular remodeling. CONCLUSION This study has shown that a biomarker for collagen type III synthesis, PIIINP, was associated with the CGA haplotype of BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms on the VDR. These findings suggest that VDR genetics may play a role in myocardial fibrosis in patients with systolic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Dorsch
- Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Vicki L Ellingrod
- Department of Clinical and Social Administrative Sciences, University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - D Bradley Dyke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Todd M Koelling
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Audrey H Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Keith D Aaronson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert U Simpson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Barry E Bleske
- Department of Clinical and Social Administrative Sciences, University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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50
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Quantitative profiling of the rat heart myoblast secretome reveals differential responses to hypoxia and re-oxygenation stress. J Proteomics 2014; 98:138-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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