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Xiong B, Yang C, Yang X, Luo S, Li S, Chen C, He K, Nie L, Li P, Li S, Huang H, Liu J, Zhang Z, Xie Y, Zou L, Yang X. Arctigenin derivative A-1 ameliorates motor dysfunction and pathological manifestations in SOD1 G93A transgenic mice via the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α and AMPK/SIRT1/IL-1β/NF-κB pathways. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14692. [PMID: 38872258 PMCID: PMC11176200 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive death of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to generalized muscle atrophy, paralysis, and even death. Mitochondrial damage and neuroinflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis of ALS. In the present study, the efficacy of A-1, a derivative of arctigenin with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activation for ALS, was investigated. METHODS A-1 at 33.3 mg/kg was administrated in SOD1G93A transgenic mice orally from the 13th week for a 6-week treatment period. Motor ability was assessed before terminal anesthesia. Muscle atrophy and fibrosis, motor neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in the spinal cord were evaluated by H&E, Masson, Sirius Red, Nissl, and immunohistochemistry staining. Protein expression was detected with proteomics analysis, Western blotting, and ELISA. Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using an assay kit. RESULTS A-1 administration in SOD1G93A mice enhanced mobility, decreased skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis, mitigated loss of spinal motor neurons, and reduced glial activation. Additionally, A-1 treatment improved mitochondrial function, evidenced by elevated ATP levels and increased expression of key mitochondrial-related proteins. The A-1 treatment group showed decreased levels of IL-1β, pIκBα/IκBα, and pNF-κB/NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS A-1 treatment reduced motor neuron loss, improved gastrocnemius atrophy, and delayed ALS progression through the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, which promotes mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, the AMPK/SIRT1/IL-1β/NF-κB pathway exerted neuroprotective effects by reducing neuroinflammation. These findings suggest A-1 as a promising therapeutic approach for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bocheng Xiong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Chao Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Xiao Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Song Luo
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
- Department of NeurologyShenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Shangming Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Chongyang Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Kaiwu He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Lulin Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Peimao Li
- Medical LaboratoryShenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational DiseasesShenzhenChina
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of OncogenomicsSchool of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenChina
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of ChinaJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yongmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Liangyu Zou
- Department of NeurologyShenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020‐2024)Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhenChina
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Li X, Wang J, Yan J, He JC, Li Y, Zhong Y. Additive renal protective effects between arctigenin and puerarin in diabetic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116107. [PMID: 38215692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the combined use of renin angiotensin system inhibitor, SGLT2 inhibitors and/or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist provides additional renal protection for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Similarly, in traditional Chinese medicine, the synergistic application of multiple herbs often brings more significant therapeutic effects. However, the synergistic or additive mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in combination therapy are not fully understood. In our previous studies, we show that arctigenin (ATG), a major component of Fructus Arctii, attenuates proteinuria and renal injury in diabetic mice by activating PP2A, and puerarin (a class of known isoflavones) can also reduce proteinuria and renal injury in diabetic mice via activation of Sirt1. Here, we further explored the potential additive renal protection of these two compounds in diabetic mice. Research has found that ATG and puerarin have a synergistic effect in reducing albuminuria in db/db mice. Mechanistically, we found that ATG reduced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation likely through activation of PP2A while puerarin reduced p65 acetylation via Sirt1 activation. Therefore, ATG and puerarin have additive inhibitory effects on the NF-κB activation, which is a key inflammatory pathway in DKD. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed distinct pathways activated by ATG and puerarin in the diabetic kidney, which may provide an additional mechanism for their additive effects in DKD. Our study suggests that ATG and puerarin could be a new combination therapy for DKD and reveals its underlined mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Li
- Department of Nephrology A, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Nephrology A, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Yan
- Department of Nephrology A, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - John Cijiang He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology A, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yifei Zhong
- Department of Nephrology A, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Medras ZJH, Mostafa YM, Ahmed AAM, El‐Sayed NM. Arctigenin improves neuropathy via ameliorating apoptosis and modulating autophagy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3068-3080. [PMID: 37170684 PMCID: PMC10493658 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress mediates the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy (DN) with activation of apoptotic pathway and reduction of autophagy. Arctigenin (ARC) is a natural lignan isolated from some plants of the Asteraceae family that shows antioxidant property. The present study aimed to explore the mechanistic neuroprotective effect of ARC on animal model for DN. METHODS DN was induced using streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 45 mg/kg, i.p, for five consecutive days and ARC was administered orally (25 or 50 mg) for 3 weeks. The mechanical sensitivity and thermal latency were determined using von Frey and hotplate, respectively. Beclin, p62, and LC3 were detected as markers for autophagy by western blot. Levels of reduced glutathione, lipid peroxides, and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were detected as readout for oxidative stress. Apoptotic parameters and histopathological changes were revealed in all experimental groups. RESULTS The present study showed deterioration of the function and structure of neurons as a result of hyperglycemia. Oxidative stress and impaired autophagy were observed in diabetic neurons as well as the activation of apoptotic pathway. ARC improved the behavioral and histopathological changes of diabetic mice. ARC combated oxidative stress through diminishing lipid peroxidation and improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes. This was concomitant by reducing the biomarkers of apoptosis. ARC augmented the expression of Beclin and LC3 while it lessened the expression of p62 indicating the activation of autophagy. These findings suggest that ARC can ameliorate DN by combating apoptosis and oxidative stress and improving autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasser M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacySuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyBadr University in CairoBadrEgypt
| | - Amal A. M. Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Norhan M. El‐Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacySuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
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Wang G, Ge L, Liu T, Zheng Z, Chen L. The therapeutic potential of arctigenin against multiple human diseases: A mechanistic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154647. [PMID: 36628833 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctigenin (ATG), a dibenzyl butyrolactone lignan compound, is one of the major bioactive components from the medicinal plant Arctium lappa. ATG possesses remarkable therapeutic potential against a wide range of human diseases, such as cancers, immune disorders and chronical diseases. The molecular mechanisms behind the biological effects of ATG have been intensively studied. PURPOSE This review aims to systematically summarize the updated knowledge of the proteins and signaling pathways behind the curative property of ATG, and further analyze the potential connections between them. METHOD SciFinder, Pubmed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were queried for publications reporting the therapeutic properties of ATG. "Arctigenin", "disease", "cancer", "inflammation", "organ damage", "infection", "toxicity" and "pharmacokinetics" were used as the searching titles. RESULT 625 publications were identified and 95 met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. 42 studies described the molecular mechanisms implicated in ATG treatments. Several proteins including phosphodiesterase subtype 4D (PDE4D), estrogen receptor (ER) β, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) are targeted by ATG in different settings. The frequently described signaling pathways are TLR4/NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) signalings. CONCLUSION Inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway and activation of AMPK signaling play the pivotal roles in the therapeutic effects of ATG. PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling widely link to other signaling pathways, modulating various biological processes such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-fibrosis, anti-ER stress, anti-steatosis and pro-apoptosis, which constitute the curative mechanisms of ATG against multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanming Wang
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Li Ge
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Tongyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Zhihui Zheng
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
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Wu D, Jin L, Huang X, Deng H, Shen QK, Quan ZS, Zhang C, Guo HY. Arctigenin: pharmacology, total synthesis, and progress in structure modification. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2452-2477. [PMID: 36093586 PMCID: PMC9481144 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. is a prevalent medicinal herb and a health supplement that is commonly used in Asia. Over the last few decades, the bioactive component arctigenin has attracted the attention of researchers because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, multiple sclerosis fighting, antitumor, and anti-leukemia properties. After summarising the research and literature on arctigenin, this study outlines the current status of research on pharmacological activity, total synthesis, and structural modification of arctigenin. The purpose of this study is to assist academics in obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the research progress on arctigenin and to provide constructive suggestions for further investigation of this useful molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Lili Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Qing-kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe-shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Changhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
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Yuan Q, Wu Y, Wang G, Zhou X, Dong X, Lou Z, Li S, Wang D. Preventive effects of arctigenin from Arctium lappa L against LPS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2039-2052. [PMID: 35731324 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Arctigenin (Arc) is a phenylpropanoid dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan in Arctium lappa L, which has been widely applied as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating inflammation. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective effect and the potential mechanisms of arctigenin against LPS-evoked neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and memory impairments in the mice hippocampus. Daily administration of arctigenin (50 mg/kg per day, i.g.) for 28 days revealed noticeable improvements in spatial learning and memory deficits after exposure to LPS treatment. Arctigenin prevented LPS-induced neuronal/synaptic injury and inhibited the increases in Abeta (Aβ) generation and the levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1). Moreover, arctigenin treatment also suppressed glial activation and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines. In LPS-treated BV-2 microglial cells and mice, activation of the TLR4 mediated NF-κB signaling pathway was significantly suppressed by arctigenin administration. Mechanistically, arctigenin reduced the LPS-induced interaction of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) with TLR4 and its coreceptor CD14 and inhibited the TLR4-mediated downstream inflammatory response. The outcomes of the current study indicate that arctigenin mitigates LPS-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration, amyloidogenesis and neuroinflammation as well as cognitive impairments, and suggest that arctigenin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for neuroinflammation/neurodegeneration-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Zihan Lou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, China.
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Osmakov DI, Kalinovskii AP, Belozerova OA, Andreev YA, Kozlov SA. Lignans as Pharmacological Agents in Disorders Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Chemical Synthesis Approaches and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116031. [PMID: 35682715 PMCID: PMC9181380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant lignans exhibit a wide range of biological activities, which makes them the research objects of potential use as therapeutic agents. They provide diverse naturally-occurring pharmacophores and are available for production by chemical synthesis. A large amount of accumulated data indicates that lignans of different structural groups are apt to demonstrate both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, in many cases, simultaneously. In this review, we summarize the comprehensive knowledge about lignan use as a bioactive agent in disorders associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, and chemical synthesis approaches. This article provides an up-to-date overview of the current data in this area, available in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, screened from 2000 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Osmakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr P. Kalinovskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Olga A. Belozerova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Yaroslav A. Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Combinatorial Effects of the Natural Products Arctigenin, Chlorogenic Acid, and Cinnamaldehyde Commit Oxidation Assassination on Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030591. [PMID: 35326241 PMCID: PMC8945099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Major obstacles in current breast cancer treatment efficacy include the ability of breast cancer cells to develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and the off-target cytotoxicity of these drugs on normal cells, leading to debilitating side effects. One major difference between cancer and normal cells is their metabolism, as cancer cells acquire glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism alterations throughout tumorigenesis. In this study, we sought to exploit this metabolic difference by investigating alternative breast cancer treatment options based on the application of phytochemicals. Herein, we investigated three phytochemicals, namely cinnamaldehyde (CA), chlorogenic acid (CGA), and arctigenin (Arc), regarding their anti-breast-cancer properties. These phytochemicals were administered alone or in combination to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HCC1419 breast cancer or normal MCF-10A and MCF-12F breast cells. Overall, our results indicated that the combination treatments showed stronger inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells versus single treatments. However, only treatments with CA (35 μM), CGA (250 μg/mL), and the combination of CA + CGA (35 μM + 250 μg/mL) showed no significant cytotoxic effects on normal mammary epithelial cells, suggesting that Arc was the driver of normal cell cytotoxicity in all other treatments. CA + CGA and, to a lesser extent, CGA alone effectively induced breast cancer cell death accompanied by decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial superoxide, reduced mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production, and led to significant changes in cellular and mitochondrial morphology. Altogether, the combination of CA + CGA was determined as the best anti-breast-cancer treatment strategy due to its strong anti-breast-cancer effects without strong adverse effects on normal mammary epithelial cells. This study provides evidence that targeting the mitochondria may be an effective anticancer treatment, and that using phytochemicals or combinations thereof offers new approaches in treating breast cancer that significantly reduce off-target effects on normal cells.
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Liu C, Sun ZR, Wang MM, Yang ZZ, Zhang W, Ren Y, Han XQ, Liu R, Li Q, Nie SN. Arctigenin attenuates paraquat-induced human lung epithelial A549 cell injury by suppressing ROS/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases-mediated apoptosis. World J Emerg Med 2022; 13:373-378. [PMID: 36119774 PMCID: PMC9420658 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraquat (PQ)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and pulmonary fibrosis are common diseases with high mortality but without effective antidotes in emergency medicine. Our previous study has proved that arctigenin suppressed pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ. We wondered whether arctigenin could also have a protective effect on PQ-induced ALI. METHODS A PQ-induced A549 cell injury model was used, and the effect of arctigenin was determined by a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) cell viability assay. In addition, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining assays and mitochondrial membrane potential assays were performed to evaluate the level of cell apoptosis. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was reflected by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and a 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Moreover, immunoblotting studies were used to assess the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p38 MAPK. RESULTS Arctigenin attenuated PQ-induced inhibition of A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Arctigenin also significantly reduced PQ-induced A549 cell apoptosis, as reflected by the TUNEL assay and mitochondrial membrane potential assay, which may result from suppressed ROS/p38 MAPK signaling because we found that arctigenin dramatically suppressed ROS generation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Arctigenin could attenuate PQ-induced lung epithelial A549 cell injury in vitro by suppressing ROS/p38 MAPK-mediated cell apoptosis, and arctigenin might be considered a potential candidate drug for PQ-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Zhao-rui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Meng-meng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Zhi-zhou Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiao-qin Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Shi-nan Nie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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Identification of phosphodiesterase-4 as the therapeutic target of arctigenin in alleviating psoriatic skin inflammation. J Adv Res 2021; 33:241-251. [PMID: 34603793 PMCID: PMC8463927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arctigenin, derived from Arctium lappa L., has multiple pharmacological activities, including immunoregulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and neuroprotective effects. Nevertheless, the potential therapeutic target of arctigenin in modulating inflammation remains undefined. Objectives In the present study, we identified that arctigenin was a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) selective inhibitor for the first time. Further investigations were performed to fully uncover the effects and mechanism of arctigenin on experimental murine psoriasis model. Methods Crystal structure determination, PDEs enzyme assay, and isothermal titration calorimetry were included to illustrate the binding specialty, inhibitory effects, and selectivity of arctigenin on PDE4D. The anti-inflammatory effects were conducted in LPS-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and RAW264.7 cells. Imiquimod-induced murine psoriasis was performed to uncover the therapeutic effects and mechanism of arctigenin in vivo. Results Arctigenin could bind to the catalytic domain of PDE4D via formation of hydrogen bonds as well as π-π stacking interactions between the dibenzyl butyrolactone of arctigenin and several residues of PDE4D. Accordingly, arctigenin showed prominent anti-inflammation in human PBMCs and murine RAW264.7 cells. PDE4 inhibition by arctigenin resulted in elevation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), which were largely blocked through intervention of protein kinase A (PKA) activity by H89 treatment or reduction of protein expression by siRNA transfection. Moreover, we first identified that a topical application of arctigenin ameliorated experimental psoriatic manifestations in imiquimod-induced murine psoriasis model by decreasing adhesion and chemotaxis of several inflammatory cells. Further proteomics analysis revealed that arctigenin could rectify the immune dysfunction and hyperactivation of keratinocytes in the inflamed skin microenvironments, which might be largely related to the expression of Keratins. Conclusion The research provided credible clew that inhibition of PDE4 by arctigenin might function as the potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Liu X, Wang J, Dou P, Zhang X, Ran X, Liu L, Dou D. The Ameliorative Effects of Arctiin and Arctigenin on the Oxidative Injury of Lung Induced by Silica via TLR-4/NLRP3/TGF- β Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5598980. [PMID: 34336106 PMCID: PMC8313330 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5598980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Silicosis remains one of the most serious diseases worldwide, with no effective drug for its treatment. Our research results have indicated that arctiin and arctigenin could increase the mitochondrial membrane potential, which in turn reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), blocks the polarization of macrophages, and inhibits the differentiation of myofibroblasts to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Further, our study revealed that arctiin and arctigenin suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through the TLR-4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway and the silica-induced secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, and α-SMA. Besides, the silica-induced increase in the levels of serum ceruloplasmin and HYP was also inhibited. Results of metabolomics indicated that arctiin and arctigenin could regulate the abnormal metabolic pathways associated with the development of silicosis, which involve pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism successively. Furthermore, the analysis of metabolomics, together with network topological analysis in different phases of silicosis, revealed that urine myristic acid, serum 4-hydroxyproline, and L-arginine could be regarded as diagnosis biomarkers in the early phase and formation of pulmonary fibrosis in the latter phases of silicosis. Arctiin and arctigenin could downregulate the increased levels of myristic acid in the early phase and serum 4-hydroxyproline in the latter phase of silicosis. Interestingly, the integration of TLR-4/NLRP3/TGF-β signaling and metabolomics verified the importance of macrophage polarization in the silicosis fibrosis process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that arctiin and arctigenin both can ameliorate silicosis effectively, and the former is a little stronger than its aglycone arctigenin because of its high oral bioavailability, low toxicity, and multimolecular active metabolites as determined by AdmetSAR and molecular docking analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Peiyuan Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiaoku Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
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lv L, Qin T, Huang Q, Jiang H, Chen F, Long F, Ren L, Liu J, Xie Y, Zeng M. Targeting Tristetraprolin Expression or Functional Activity Regulates Inflammatory Response Induced by MSU Crystals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:675534. [PMID: 34335573 PMCID: PMC8322984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.675534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is an anti-inflammatory factor that prompts the mRNA decay of target mRNAs and is involved in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). TTP is regulated by phosphorylation, and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) can dephosphorylate TTP to activate its mRNA-degrading function. Some small molecules can enhance PP2A activation. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TTP expression or PP2A agonist (Arctigenin) was administered to monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced J774A.1 cells, and the expression of inflammatory related genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assays. The effects of Arctigenin in mouse models of acute inflammation induced by MSU crystals, including peritonitis and arthritis, were evaluated. The data indicated that TTP expression levels and endogenous PP2A activity were increased in MSU-crystal treated J774A.1 cells. TTP knockdown exacerbated inflammation-related genes expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, PP2A agonist treatment (Arctigenin) suppressed MSU crystal-induced inflammation in J774A.1 cells. Arctigenin also relieved mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production and improved lysosomal membrane permeability in MSU crystal-treated J774A.1 cells. Moreover, TTP knockdown reversed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Arctigenin. Oral administration of Arctigenin significantly alleviated foot pad swelling, the number of inflammatory cells in peritoneal lavage fluids and the production of IL-1β in the mouse model of inflammation induced by MSU crystals. Collectively, these data imply that targeting TTP expression or functional activity may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation caused by MSU crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi lv
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ting Qin
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiushi Huang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fan Long
- Clinical Lab of The Fifth People’s Hospital of Nanchong City, Nanchong, China
| | - Long Ren
- Clinical Lab of The Fifth People’s Hospital of Nanchong City, Nanchong, China
| | - Jianpin Liu
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yongen Xie
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Biology Group of Preclinical School of North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Clinical Lab of The Fifth People’s Hospital of Nanchong City, Nanchong, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan, North SiChuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Herbal Active Ingredients: Potential for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Lung Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5543185. [PMID: 34258266 PMCID: PMC8245226 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5543185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. The main pathological features of ALI are increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, edema, uncontrolled migration of neutrophils to the lungs, and diffuse alveolar damage, resulting in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Glucocorticoids, aspirin, and other anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used to treat ALI. Respiratory supports, such as a ventilator, are used to alleviate hypoxemia. Many treatment methods are available, but they cannot significantly ameliorate the quality of life of patients with ALI and reduce mortality rates. Herbal active ingredients, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, and quinonoids, exhibit advantages for ALI prevention and treatment, but the underlying mechanism needs further study. This paper summarizes the role of herbal active ingredients in anti-ALI therapy and progresses in the understanding of their mechanisms. The work also provides some references and insights for the discovery and development of novel drugs for ALI prevention and treatment.
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Wu X, Zhang N, Kan J, Tang S, Sun R, Wang Z, Chen M, Liu J, Jin C. Polyphenols from Arctium lappa L ameliorate doxorubicin-induced heart failure and improve gut microbiota composition in mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13731. [PMID: 33864278 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the ameliorative effect of purified polyphenols from Arctium lappa L (ALPP) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induce heart failure was investigated. Results indicated that ALPP pretreatment significantly reduced the activities of casein kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, lowered the levels of inflammatory indexes (TNF-α and NO), and alleviated antioxidant stress in DOX-induce mice, thus leading to a reduced heart failure syndrome. In addition, according to 16s high-throughput sequencing, the increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Ruminococcaceae and the decreased abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaee, and Escherichia_Shigella were observed in ALPP treatment group. ALPP could significantly enhance the abundance of bacteria producing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and then promote the increase of SCFAs. Consequently, ALPP might be a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of DOX-induced heart failure. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The effect of Arctium lappa L (ALPP) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure was investigated. It provided experimental basis for further studies on the biological activity of polyphenols from ALPP. The results demonstrated that ALPP could significantly ameliorate DOX-induced heart failure and improve the gut microbiota composition. The obtained results could provide the potential application of ALPP as an alternative therapy for heart failure in the functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Nianfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Sixue Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
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Suzuki Y, Sato M, Awazuhara T, Nukui Y, Yoshida A, Terashima T, Watanabe K, Fujioka R, Tsuchihara K, Kishino S, Ohno K. Simultaneous quantification of arctigenin and its glucuronide conjugate in mouse plasma using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1299-1306. [PMID: 33387366 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Arctigenin is a natural lignin and a main active component of Fructus arctii, the dried fruit of Arctium lappa. This compound was reported to have some biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, renoprotective, and antitumor effects. Arctigenin is mainly metabolized to arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. In this study, a simultaneous quantification method was established and validated for measuring arctigenin and arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide in mouse plasma using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The assay fulfilled the requirements of the United States Food and Drug Administration guideline for assay validation, with a lower limit of quantification of 2.00 ng/mL for arctigenin and 50.0 ng/mL for arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide. The recovery rate and matrix effect ranged from 78.4 to 102.8% and 92.5 to 106.3%, respectively, for arctigenin, and 74.3 to 109.2% and 94.9 to 110.2% for arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide. The method was applied to the measurement of plasma concentrations of arctigenin and arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide in the plasma of mice after administration of arctigenin. All measured concentrations were within the calibration ranges. Our novel method may be useful to measure plasma arctigenin and arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide concentrations, and contribute to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of arctigenin and arctigenin-4'-O-glucuronide in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Sato
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Awazuhara
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nukui
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Airi Yoshida
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Terashima
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rumi Fujioka
- Division of Translational Informatics, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tsuchihara
- Division of Translational Informatics, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kishino
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Ohno
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Zhao J, Chen Y, Dong L, Li X, Dong R, Zhou D, Wang C, Guo X, Zhang J, Xue Z, Xi Q, Zhang L, Yang G, Li Y, Zhang R. Arctigenin protects mice from thioglycollate-induced acute peritonitis. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00660. [PMID: 32960513 PMCID: PMC7507838 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute peritonitis is an acute inflammatory response of the peritoneal cavity to physical injury and chemical stimulation. Timely resolution of this response is critical to prevent further damage to the body, which can eventually lead to more severe chronic inflammation. Arctigenin (ATG) is the main active ingredient of the Chinese medicine Arctium lappa. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on the anti-inflammatory effect of ATG, but there have been few studies on the effect of ATG on acute inflammation, especially in acute peritonitis, which has not been reported. In this study, a mouse model of experimental acute peritonitis induced by thioglycolate (TG) solution was used to study the protective anti-inflammatory effect of ATG against acute peritonitis and the relevant mechanism. Our results showed that, after 12 hours of TG treatment, ATG significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse tissues and inhibited the secretion and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in mice. ATG significantly reduced the percentage of CD11b+ Ly6G+ neutrophils and F4/80+ macrophages in the spleen and peritoneal exudate. In addition, ATG significantly inhibited the expression of the chemokines CCL3 and CCL4 and the adhesion molecule CD62L on the surface of CD11b-positive monocytes. ATG was observed to inhibit the phosphorylation of p65 and p38 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, ATG can improve the symptoms of TG-induced acute peritonitis through immune regulation. ATG can reduce the inflammatory response in TG-induced acute peritonitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lijun Dong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xin Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruijie Dong
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xiangdong Guo
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jieyou Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Zhenyi Xue
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qing Xi
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Guangze Yang
- Department of ImmunologyKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of ChinaTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yan Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug CandidatesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Lu Z, Zhou H, Zhang S, Dai W, Zhang Y, Hong L, Chen F, Cao J. Activation of reactive oxygen species-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway regulates both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis induced by arctigenin in Hep G2. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 72:29-43. [PMID: 31617221 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arctigenin (ARG) has been proved to inhibit the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via inducing apoptosis. However, the precise mechanism remains unknown. The present study was aimed to further investigate the mechanism of ARG against HCC in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Arctigenin was applied in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, etc., were used to investigate the mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS The time-dependent enhancement of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release, Fas and FasL levels, caspase cascade activation and the loss in the mitochondrial out membrane potential indicated that both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were triggered by ARG. Moreover, Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 phosphorylated time-dependently. And inhibition of the phosphorylation of either p38 or JNK led to a significant reduction in HepG2 apoptosis, owing to the crucial roles of p38 and JNK played in regulating the apoptosis pathways. In addition, ARG increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells, while the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine almost reversed ARG-induced JNK and p38 activation, and dramatically decreased cell apoptosis. In vivo, ARG increased the cell apoptosis in tumour tissues, and p-p38, p-JNK and Bax were significantly upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that ARG induced apoptosis in HCC via ROS-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinases apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shishuo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanjie Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyue Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Zhong Y, Lee K, Deng Y, Ma Y, Chen Y, Li X, Wei C, Yang S, Wang T, Wong NJ, Muwonge AN, Azeloglu EU, Zhang W, Das B, He JC, Liu R. Arctigenin attenuates diabetic kidney disease through the activation of PP2A in podocytes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4523. [PMID: 31586053 PMCID: PMC6778111 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin (ATG) is a major component of Fructus Arctii, a traditional herbal remedy that reduced proteinuria in diabetic patients. However, whether ATG specifically provides renoprotection in DKD is not known. Here we report that ATG administration is sufficient to attenuate proteinuria and podocyte injury in mouse models of diabetes. Transcriptomic analysis of diabetic mouse glomeruli showed that cell adhesion and inflammation are two key pathways affected by ATG treatment, and mass spectrometry analysis identified protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) as one of the top ATG-interacting proteins in renal cells. Enhanced PP2A activity by ATG reduces p65 NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and high glucose-induced migration in cultured podocytes via interaction with Drebrin-1. Importantly, podocyte-specific Pp2a deletion in mice exacerbates DKD injury and abrogates the ATG-mediated renoprotection. Collectively, our results demonstrate a renoprotective mechanism of ATG via PP2A activation and establish PP2A as a potential target for DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yueyi Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Li
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shumin Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tianming Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nicholas J Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alecia N Muwonge
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evren U Azeloglu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bhaskar Das
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Renal Section, James J Peters Veterans Affair Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Lee JW, Chun W, Kwon OK, Park HA, Lim Y, Lee JH, Kim DY, Kim JH, Lee HK, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Ahn KS. 3,4,5-Trihydroxycinnamic acid attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury via downregulating inflammatory molecules and upregulating HO-1/AMPK activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:123-130. [PMID: 30173052 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The increase in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is a common denominator in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) which are involved in the influx of inflammatory cells and lung damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of 3,4,5-trihydroxycinnamic acid (THC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. THC efficiently decreased the mRNA expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in LPS-stimulated A549 airway epithelial cells. THC induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in A549 cells. THC also increased the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in A549 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages. In LPS-induced ALI in mice, THC significantly suppressed neutrophil influx and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). THC also attenuated the levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the BALF and serum. In addition, THC inhibited the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the lung. These protective effects of THC were accompanied with HO-1 induction and AMPK activation. Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrates that THC significantly attenuates the LPS-induced ALI, suggesting that THC might be a valuable therapeutic adjuvant in airway inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Yourim Lim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
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Arctigenin Ameliorates Inflammation by Regulating Accumulation and Functional Activity of MDSCs in Endotoxin Shock. Inflammation 2018; 41:2090-2100. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Feng Q, Yao J, Zhou G, Xia W, Lyu J, Li X, Zhao T, Zhang G, Zhao N, Yang J. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals That Arctigenin Alleviates Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis Through Suppressing Immune System and Regulating Autophagy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1881. [PMID: 30177931 PMCID: PMC6109684 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis is a well-established experimental model for immune-mediated liver injury. It has been widely used in the therapeutic studies of immune hepatitis. The in-depth analysis of dysregulated proteins from comparative proteomic results indicated that the activation of immune system resulted in the deregulation of autophagy. Follow-up studies validated that some immune related proteins, including Stat1, Pkr, Atg7, and Adrm1, were indeed upregulated. The accumulations of LC3B-II and p62 were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Arctigenin pretreatment significantly alleviated the liver injury, as evidenced by biochemical and histopathological investigations, whose protective effects were comparable with Prednisone acetate and Cyclosporin A. Arctigenin pretreatment decreased the levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, but increased the ones of IL-10. Next, the quantitative proteomic analysis demonstrated that ARC pretreatment suppressed the activation of immune system through the inhibition of IFN-γ signaling, when it downregulated the protein expressions of Stat1, P-Stat1, Pkr, P-Pkr, Bnip3, Beclin1, Atg7, LC3B, Adrm1, and p62. Meanwhile, Arctigenin pretreatment also reduced the gene expressions of Stat1, Pkr, and Atg7. These results suggested that Arctigenin alleviated autophagy as well as apoptosis through inhibiting IFN-γ/IL-6/Stat1 pathway and IL-6/Bnip3 pathway. In summary, the comparative proteomic analysis revealed that the activation of immune system led to Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. Both autophagy and apoptosis had important clinical implications for the treatment of immune hepatitis. Arctigenin might exert great therapeutic potential in immune-mediated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Jingchun Yao
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Ge Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Jingang Lyu
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Center for New Drug Pharmacological Research of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory, Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China.,School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Ningwei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Shimadzu Biomedical Research Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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22
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Gao Q, Yang M, Zuo Z. Overview of the anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacies of arctigenin and arctiin from Arctium lappa L. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:787-801. [PMID: 29698388 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin (AR) and its glycoside, arctiin, are two major active ingredients of Arctium lappa L (A lappa), a popular medicinal herb and health supplement frequently used in Asia. In the past several decades, bioactive components from A lappa have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising therapeutic effects. In the current article, we aimed to provide an overview of the pharmacology of AR and arctiin, focusing on their anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetics properties and clinical efficacies. Compared to acrtiin, AR was reported as the most potent bioactive component of A lappa in the majority of studies. AR exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via modulation of several cytokines. Due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects, AR may serve as a potential therapeutic compound against both acute inflammation and various chronic diseases. However, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated the extensive glucuronidation and hydrolysis of AR in liver, intestine and plasma, which might hinder its in vivo and clinical efficacy after oral administration. Based on the reviewed pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of AR, further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of AR via alternative administration routes are suggested to promote its ability to serve as a therapeutic agent as well as an ideal bioactive marker for A lappa.
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Arctigenin protects against steatosis in WRL68 hepatocytes through activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. Nutr Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Kim ME, Na JY, Lee JS. Anti-inflammatory effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage activation via MAPKs pathway regulation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:219-224. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1424902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Eun Kim
- Department of Biology, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yong Na
- Department of Biology, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Biology, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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25
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Zhang Y, Yang Y. Arctigenin exerts protective effects against myocardial infarction via regulation of iNOS, COX‑2, ERK1/2 and HO‑1 in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4839-4845. [PMID: 29328478 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the protective effects of arctigenin against myocardial infarction (MI), and its effects on oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Left anterior coronary arteries of Sprague‑Dawley rats were ligated, in order to generate an acute MI (AMI) model. Arctigenin was administered to AMI rats at 0, 50, 100 or 200 µmol/kg. Western blotting and ELISAs were performed to analyze protein expression and enzyme activity. Arctigenin was demonstrated to effectively inhibit the levels of alanine transaminase, creatine kinase‑MB and lactate dehydrogenase, and to reduce infarct size in AMI rats. In addition, the activity levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 were significantly suppressed, and the levels of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased by arctigenin treatment. Arctigenin treatment also suppressed the protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‑2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO‑1), and increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (p‑ERK1/2) in AMI rats. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that arctigenin may inhibit MI, and exhibits antioxidative and anti‑inflammatory effects through regulation of the iNOS, COX‑2, ERK1/2 and HO‑1 pathways in a rat model of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Shandong, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Shandong, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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Park SH, Cho JY, Oh SW, Kang M, Lee SE, Yoo JA, Jung K, Lee J, Lee SY, Lee J. Arctigenin protects against ultraviolet-A-induced damage to stemness through inhibition of the NF-κB/MAPK pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 282:63-68. [PMID: 29317250 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The stemness of stem cells is negatively affected by ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. This study was performed to examine the effects of arctigenin on UVA-irradiation-induced damage to the stemness of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) derived from adipose tissue. The mechanisms of action of arctigenin were also investigated. A BrdU-incorporation assay demonstrated that arctigenin attenuated the UVA-induced reduction of the cellular proliferative potential. Arctigenin also increased the UVA-induced reduction in stemness of hMSCs by upregulating stemness-related genes such as SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG. In addition, the UVA-induced reduction in the mRNA expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α was significantly recovered by arctigenin. The antagonizing effect of arctigenin on UVA irradiation was mediated by reduced PGE2 production through the inhibition of MAPKs (p42/44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and JNK) and NF-κB. Overall, these findings suggest that arctigenin can ameliorate the reduced stemness of hMSCs induced by UVA irradiation. The effects of arctigenin are mediated by PGE2-cAMP signaling-dependent upregulation of HIF-1α. Therefore, arctigenin could be used as an antagonist to attenuate the effects of UVA irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 300-16 Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Woong Oh
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ah Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangseon Jung
- Skincure Life Science Institute, Seongnam City, 132-16 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jienny Lee
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, 39660 Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, San 65, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 131-20 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, 164-19 Gyunggi Do, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang N, Dou D, Ran X, Kang T. Neuroprotective effect of arctigenin against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by rotenone. RSC Adv 2018; 8:2280-2292. [PMID: 35541453 PMCID: PMC9077403 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of arctigenin, the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine “Arctii Fructus”, against PD in a rat model induced by rotenone. Materials and methods: in the present study, rotenone was injected subcutaneously in the backs of rats to mimic the progressive neurodegenerative nature of PD and arctigenin was administered. Behavioral analyses including a grid test, bar test and open-field test were used to evaluate motor activities and behavioral movement abilities. Energy metabolism indexes including oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat production and energy expenditure were measured via a TSE phenoMaster/LabMaster animal monitoring system. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the staining of TH and the expression of α-synuclein in substantia nigra (SN). The effect of arctigenin on oxidative stress was evaluated by the levels of GSH and MDA, and activities of SOD and GSH-Px. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and PGE2, the expression of Iba-1 and GFAP, and the impression of inflammatory mediators such as COX-2 and NF-κB in the SN were measured to evaluate the effect on the inflammation of SN area induced by rotenone. Results: compared with the ROT group, the deadlock time of rats treated with arctigenin was significantly shortened and the score of locomotor activity increased in the behavioral test; the number of TH+ positive DA neurons of the arctigenin treated group was increased and α-synuclein immunopositive was decreased; the level of GSH and activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the arctigenin-treated group were significantly increased; arctigenin administration induced a significant decrease in the MDA level; arctigenin also significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and PGE2 and reduced the impression of COX-2 and NF-κB in SN; treatment with arctigenin decreased microglia and astrocyte activation evidenced by the reduced expression of Iba-1 and GFAP. Conclusion: the findings demonstrated that arctigenin can improve the behavior changes of PD rats and the damage of DA neurons. The oxidative stress and inflammation involved in the pathogenesis of PD and arctigenin may protect DA neurons through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of arctigenin, the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine “Arctii Fructus”, against PD in a rat model induced by rotenone.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Xiaoku Ran
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Tingguo Kang
- College of Pharmacy
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
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Shi R, Wei Z, Zhu D, Fu N, Wang C, Yin S, Liang Y, Xing J, Wang X, Wang Y. Baicalein attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting vascular remodeling in rats. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 48:124-135. [PMID: 29133079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating cardiopulmonary disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) driven by progressive vascular remodeling. Reversing adverse vascular remodeling is an important concept in the treatment of PAH. Endothelial injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress are three main contributors to pulmonary vascular remodeling. Baicalein is a natural flavonoid that has been shown to possess anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and cardioprotective properties. We hypothesized that baicalein may prevent the progression of PAH and preserve the right heart function by inhibiting pulmonary arterial remodeling. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed randomly into 4 groups: control, monocrotaline (MCT)-exposed, and MCT-exposed plus baicalein treated rats (50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks). Hemodynamic changes, RVH, and lung morphological features were examined on day 28. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining, and the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were detected by qRT-PCR. The changes in oxidative indicators, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured using corresponding commercial kits. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS MCT induced an increase in hemodynamic parameters and RVH, which were attenuated by baicalein treatment. Baicalein also blocked MCT-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling. The levels of apoptotic (Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3) and inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) biomarkers in lung tissue were lower in baicalein-treated groups. Baicalein also decreased MDA level, and increased SOD and GSH-Px activity in rat pulmonary tissue. Furthermore, baicalein inhibited MCT-induced activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSION Baicalein ameliorates MCT-induced PAH by inhibiting pulmonary arterial remodeling at least partially via the MAPK and NF-κB pathways in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Zehui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Diying Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Naijie Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Sha Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yueqin Liang
- Medical Functional Experimental Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- Medical Functional Experimental Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xuening Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Kim ME, Jung I, Lee JS, Na JY, Kim WJ, Kim YO, Park YD, Lee JS. Pseudane-VII Isolated from Pseudoalteromonas sp. M2 Ameliorates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response In Vitro and In Vivo. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110336. [PMID: 29104209 PMCID: PMC5706026 DOI: 10.3390/md15110336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The ocean is a rich resource of flora, fauna, food, and biological products. We found a wild-type bacterial strain, Pseudoalteromonas sp. M2, from marine water and isolated various secondary metabolites. Pseudane-VII is a compound isolated from the Pseudoalteromonas sp. M2 metabolite that possesses anti-melanogenic activity. Inflammation is a response of the innate immune system to microbial infections. Macrophages have a critical role in fighting microbial infections and inflammation. Recent studies reported that various compounds derived from natural products can regulate immune responses including inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of pseudane-VII in macrophages are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of pseudane-VII. In present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production was significantly decreased by pseudane-VII treatment at 6 μM. Moreover, pseudane-VII treatment dose-dependently reduced mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including inos, cox-2, il-1β, tnf-α, and il-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Pseudane-VII also diminished iNOS protein levels and IL-1β secretion. In addition, Pseudane-VII elicited anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting ERK, JNK, p38, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB-p65 phosphorylation. Consistently, pseudane-VII was also shown to inhibit the LPS-stimulated release of IL-1β and expression of iNOS in mice. These results suggest that pseudane-VII exerted anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated macrophage activation via inhibition of ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and pro-inflammatory gene expression. These findings may provide new approaches in the effort to develop anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Eun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Inae Jung
- Department of Life Science, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea.
| | - Ju Yong Na
- Department of Life Science, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea.
| | - Young-Ok Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Gijang, Busan 46083, Korea.
| | - Yong-Duk Park
- Djkunghee Hospital, Department of Preventive and Society Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Life Science, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
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30
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Xu Y, Lou Z, Lee SH. Arctigenin represses TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in human lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:934-939. [PMID: 28951214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Arctigenin (ARC) is a lignan that is abundant in Asteraceae plants, which show anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The current study investigated whether ARC affects cancer progression and metastasis, focusing on EMT using invasive human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. No toxicity was observed in the cells treated with different doses of ARC (12-100 μM). The treatment of ARC repressed TGF-β-stimulated changes of metastatic morphology and cell invasion and migration. ARC inhibited TGF-β-induced phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of smad2/3, and expression of snail. ARC also decreased expression of N-cadherin and increased expression of E-cadherin in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. These changes were accompanied by decreased amount of phospho-smad2/3 in nucleus and nuclear translocation of smad2/3. Moreover, ARC repressed TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of ERK and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Our data demonstrate anti-metastatic activity of ARC in lung cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrui Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Lou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Seong-Ho Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Li A, Zhang X, Shu M, Wu M, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang R, Li P, Wang Y. Arctigenin suppresses renal interstitial fibrosis in a rat model of obstructive nephropathy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 30:28-41. [PMID: 28545667 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is commonly the final result of a variety of progressive injuries and leads to end-stage renal disease. There are few therapeutic agents currently available for retarding the development of renal TIF. PURPOSE The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of arctigenin (ATG), a lignan component derived from dried burdock (Arctium lappa L.) fruits, in protecting the kidney against injury by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. METHODS Rats were subjected to UUO and then administered with vehicle, ATG (1 and 3mg/kg/d), or losartan (20mg/kg/d) for 11 consecutive days. The renoprotective effects of ATG were evaluated by histological examination and multiple biochemical assays. RESULTS Our results suggest that ATG significantly protected the kidney from injury by reducing tubular dilatation, epithelial atrophy, collagen deposition, and tubulointerstitial compartment expansion. ATG administration dramatically decreased macrophage (CD68-positive cell) infiltration. Meanwhile, ATG down-regulated the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), in the obstructed kidneys. This was associated with decreased activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). ATG attenuated UUO-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of renal manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), leading to reduced levels of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, ATG inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubules by reducing the abundance of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and its type I receptor, suppressing Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and up-regulating Smad7 expression. Notably, the efficacy of ATG in renal protection was comparable or even superior to losartan. CONCLUSION ATG could protect the kidney from UUO-induced injury and fibrogenesis by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular EMT, thus supporting the potential role of ATG in renal fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Mao Shu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Mingjun Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2017; 13:1-11. [PMID: 29062885 DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability of most phytochemicals limits their translation to humans. We investigated whether arctigenin, a novel anti-inflammatory lignan from the seeds of Arctium lappa, has favorable bioavailability/potency against prostate cancer. The anticarcinogenic activity of arctigenin was investigated both in vitro using the androgen-sensitive LNCaP and LAPC-4 human prostate cancer cells and pre-malignant WPE1-NA22 cells, and in vivo using xenograft mouse models. Arctigenin at lower doses (< 2μM) significantly inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP and LAPC-4 cells by 30-50% at 48h compared to control, and inhibited WPE1-NA22 cells by 75%, while did not affect normal prostate epithelial cells. Male severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were implanted subcutaneously with LAPC-4 cells for in vivo studies. In one experiment, the intervention started one week after tumor implantation. Mice received arctigenin at 50mg/kg (LD) or 100mg/kg (HD) b.w. daily or vehicle control by oral gavage. After 6 weeks, tumor growth was inhibited by 50% (LD) and 70% (HD) compared to control. A stronger tumor inhibitory effect was observed in a second experiment where arctigenin intervention started two weeks prior to tumor implantation. Arc was detectable in blood and tumors in Arc groups, with a mean value up to 2.0 μM in blood, and 8.3 nmol/g tissue in tumors. Tumor levels of proliferation marker Ki67, total and nuclear androgen receptor, and growth factors including VEGF, EGF, and FGF-β were significantly decreased by Arc, along with an increase in apoptosis marker of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Genes responsive to arctigenin were identified including TIMP3 and ZNF185, and microRNAs including miR-126-5p, and miR-21-5p. This study provides the first in vivo evidence of the strong anticancer activity of arctigenin in prostate cancer. The effective dose of arctigenin in vitro is physiologically achievable in vivo, which provides a high promise in its translation to human application.
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Sclareol ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of MAPK and induction of HO-1 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:16-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lou C, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Zhu R, Zhao H. Arctigenin, a lignan from Arctium lappa L., inhibits metastasis of human breast cancer cells through the downregulation of MMP-2/-9 and heparanase in MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:179-184. [PMID: 27878294 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin is a bioactive lignan isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa L. which has been widely used as a diuretic and a diaphoretic in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the present study, the authors investigated the effects of arctigenin on tumor migration and invasion in aggressive human breast cancer cells. The MTT assay results showed that arctigenin did not show a significant cytotoxic effect on the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. However, wound healing migration and Boyden chamber invasion assays demonstrated that arctigenin significantly inhibited in vitro migration and invasion of the MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, gelatin zymography results showed that arctigenin reduced the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Western blot analysis results demonstrated that the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and heparanase proteins was significantly downregulated following the treatment of arctigenin. Finally, the antiangiogenic activity of arctigenin was also examined by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Arctigenin treatment significantly inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM. In conclusion, the results revealed that arctigenin significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells by downregulating MMP-2, MMP-9 and heparanase expression. However, further studies are still necessary to investigate the exact mechanisms involved and to explore signal transduction pathways to better understand the biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Lou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Lee JW, Park JW, Shin NR, Park SY, Kwon OK, Park HA, Lim Y, Ryu HW, Yuk HJ, Kim JH, Oh SR, Ahn KS. Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:834-44. [PMID: 27431288 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Picrasma quassiodes (D.Don) Benn. (PQ) is a medicinal herb belonging to the family Simaroubaceae and is used as a traditional herbal remedy for various diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PQ on airway inflammation using a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and LPS-stimulated raw 264.7 cells. ALI was induced in C57BL/6 mice by the intranasal administration of LPS, and PQ was administered orally 3 days prior to exposure to LPS. Treatment with PQ significantly attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). PQ also decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in BALF. In addition, PQ inhibited airway inflammation by reducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and by increasing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the lungs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PQ blocked the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lungs of mice with LPS-induced ALI. In the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, PQ inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Treatment with PQ decreased the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB to the nucleus, and increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of HO-1. PQ also inhibited the activation of p38 in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that PQ exerts anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-induced ALI, and that these effects are associated with the modulation of iNOS, HO-1, NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Therefore, we suggest that PQ has therapeutic potential for use in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Yourim Lim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363‑883, Republic of Korea
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Lee JW, Park HA, Kwon OK, Jang YG, Kim JY, Choi BK, Lee HJ, Lee S, Paik JH, Oh SR, Ahn KS, Lee HJ. Asiatic acid inhibits pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:208-217. [PMID: 27494684 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is one of the major components of Titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA), which has been reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of AA on pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke (CS). AA significantly attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of CS exposure mice. AA also decreased ROS production and NE activity, and inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines in BALF. AA reduced the recruitment of inflammatory cells and MCP-1 expression in lung tissue of CS exposure mice. AA also attenuated mucus overproduction, and decreased the activation of MAPKs and NF-kB in lung tissue. Furthermore, AA increased HO-1 expression and inhibited the reduced expression of SOD3 in lung tissue. These findings indicate that AA effectively inhibits pulmonary inflammatory response, which is an important process in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) via suppression of inflammatory mediators and induction of HO-1. Therefore, we suggest that AA has the potential to treat inflammatory disease such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin-Gi Jang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Choi
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyub Paik
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jun Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
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Arctigenin Confers Neuroprotection Against Mechanical Trauma Injury in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells by Regulating miRNA-16 and miRNA-199a Expression to Alleviate Inflammation. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:115-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Song J, Li N, Xia Y, Gao Z, Zou SF, Kong L, Yao YJ, Jiao YN, Yan YH, Li SH, Tao ZY, Lian G, Yang JX, Kang TG. Arctigenin Treatment Protects against Brain Damage through an Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanism after Needle Insertion. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:182. [PMID: 27445818 PMCID: PMC4916177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Convection enhanced delivery (CED) infuses drugs directly into brain tissue. Needle insertion is required and results in a stab wound injury (SWI). Subsequent secondary injury involves the release of inflammatory and apoptotic cytokines, which have dramatic consequences on the integrity of damaged tissue, leading to the evolution of a pericontusional-damaged area minutes to days after in the initial injury. The present study investigated the capacity for arctigenin (ARC) to prevent secondary brain injury and the determination of the underlying mechanism of action in a mouse model of SWI that mimics the process of CED. After CED, mice received a gavage of ARC from 30 min to 14 days. Neurological severity scores (NSS) and wound closure degree were assessed after the injury. Histological analysis and immunocytochemistry were used to evaluated the extent of brain damage and neuroinflammation. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect universal apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used to test the inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content. Gene levels of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) and apoptosis (Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using these, we analyzed ARC’s efficacy and mechanism of action. Results: ARC treatment improved neurological function by reducing brain water content and hematoma and accelerating wound closure relative to untreated mice. ARC treatment reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and the number of allograft inflammatory factor (IBA)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cells and increased the levels of IL-10. ARC-treated mice had fewer TUNEL+ apoptotic neurons and activated caspase-3-positive neurons surrounding the lesion than controls, indicating increased neuronal survival. Conclusions: ARC treatment confers neuroprotection of brain tissue through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in a mouse model of SWI. These results suggest a new strategy for promoting neuronal survival and function after CED to improve long-term patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Engineering, St. Cross College, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| | - Zhong Gao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Dalian, China
| | - Sa-Feng Zou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Dalian, China
| | - Liang Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ying-Jia Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ya-Nan Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Hui Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Shao-Heng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Guan Lian
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Jing-Xian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ting-Guo Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
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Huang Y, Tan Q, Chen R, Cao B, Li W. Sevoflurane prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced barrier dysfunction in human lung microvascular endothelial cells: Rho-mediated alterations of VE-cadherin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:119-24. [PMID: 26529544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) mainly occurs as increased permeability of lung tissue and pleural effusion. Inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane has been demonstrated to alleviate lung permeability by upregulating junction proteins after ischemia-reperfusion. However, the exact mechanisms of its protective effect on reperfusion injury remain elusive. The aim of this study was to assess possible preconditioning with sevoflurane in an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced barrier dysfunction in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-Ls). In this study, HMVEC-Ls were exposed to minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for 2 h. LPS significantly increased the permeability of HMVEC-L. Moreover, the distribution of junction protein, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, in cell-cell junction area and the total expression in HMVEC-Ls were significantly decreased by LPS treatment. However, the abnormal distribution and decreased expression of VE-cadherin and hyperpermeability of HMVEC-Ls were significantly reversed by pretreatment with sevoflurane. Furthermore, LPS-induced activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway was significantly inhibited with sevoflurane. Such activation, abnormal distribution and decreased expression of VE-cadherin and hyperpermeability of HMVEC-Ls were significantly inhibited with sevoflurane pretreatment or knockdown of RhoA or ROCK-2. In conclusion, sevoflurane prevented LPS-induced rupture of HMVEC-L monolayers by suppressing the RhoA/ROCK-mediated VE-cadherin signaling pathway. Our results may explain, at least in part, some beneficial effects of sevoflurane on pulmonary dysfunction such as ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 157 Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510510, PR China.
| | - Qindong Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan, PR China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 157 Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510510, PR China
| | - Biao Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 157 Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510510, PR China
| | - Wenhong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 157 Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510510, PR China
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Arctigenin from Fructus Arctii (Seed of Burdock) Reinforces Intestinal Barrier Function in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:368105. [PMID: 26550018 PMCID: PMC4621354 DOI: 10.1155/2015/368105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fructus Arctii is used as a traditional herbal medicine to treat inflammatory diseases in oriental countries. This study aimed to investigate effect of F. Arctii extract on intestinal barrier function in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells and to reveal the active component of F. Arctii. We measured transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value (as an index of barrier function) and ovalbumin (OVA) permeation (as an index of permeability) to observe the changes of intestinal barrier function. The treatment of F. Arctii increased TEER value and decreased OVA influx on Caco-2 cell monolayers. Furthermore, we found that arctigenin as an active component of F. Arctii increased TEER value and reduced permeability of OVA from apical to the basolateral side but not arctiin. In the present study, we revealed that F. Arctii could enhance intestinal barrier function, and its active component was an arctigenin on the functionality. We expect that the arctigenin from F. Arctii could contribute to prevention of inflammatory, allergic, and infectious diseases by reinforcing intestinal barrier function.
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