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Chen F, Cheng B, Xu X, Yan W, Meng Q, Liu J, Yao R, Dong F, Liu Y. High-intensity interval training stimulates remyelination via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse model. Neurol Res 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38979727 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2376310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the role of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in promoting myelin sheath recovery during the remyelination phase in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mice and elucidate the mechanisms involving the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. METHODS After 5 weeks of a 0.2% CPZ diet to induce demyelination, a 4-week recovery phase with a normal diet was followed by HIIT intervention. Mice body weight was monitored. Morris water maze (MWM) gauged spatial cognition and memory, while the open field test (OFT) assessed anxiety levels. Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining measured demyelination, and immunofluorescence examined myelin basic protein (MBP) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-α). Western blotting analyzed protein expression, including MBP, PDGFR-α, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), β-catenin, and p-β-catenin. Real-time PCR detected mRNA expression levels of CGT and CST. RESULTS HIIT promoted remyelination in demyelinating mice, enhancing spatial cognition, memory, and reducing anxiety. LFB staining indicated decreased demyelination in HIIT-treated mice. Immunofluorescence demonstrated increased MBP fluorescence intensity and PDGFR-α+ cell numbers with HIIT. Western blotting revealed HIIT reduced β-catenin levels while increasing p-β-catenin and GSK3β levels. Real-time PCR demonstrated that HIIT promoted the generation of new myelin sheaths. Additionally, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway agonist, SKL2001, decreased MBP expression but increased PDGFR-α expression. DISCUSSION HIIT promotes remyelination by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and is a promising rehabilitation training for demyelinating diseases. It provides a new theoretical basis for clinical rehabilitation and care programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinqi Xu
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weixing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiqi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuxing Dong
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xu X, Song X, Chen F, Yan W, Meng Q, Liu J, Yao R, Liu Y, Dong F. Solifenacin promotes remyelination in cuprizone mouse model by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 136:102375. [PMID: 38123002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Demyelinating diseases are a type of neurological disorder characterized by the damage to the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. Promoting the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is crucial for treatment. Non-selective muscarinic receptor (MR) antagonists have been shown to improve remyelination in rodent models, although the mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we treated cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mouse model with different concentrations of Solifenacin (Sol), a selective M3 receptor antagonist, to determine the optimal concentration for promoting remyelination. Behavioral tests and Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining were used to observe the extent of remyelination, while immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression levels of myelin-related proteins, including myelin basic protein (MBP) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-α). Western blot analysis was employed to analyze the expression levels of molecules associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The results showed that Sol treatment significantly promoted myelin regeneration and OPCs differentiation in CPZ-induced demyelination mouse model. Additionally, Sol treatment inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and reversed the effects of CPZ on OPCs differentiation. In conclusion, Sol may promote the differentiation of OPCs by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, making it a potential therapeutic option for central nervous system demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Xu
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueli Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Chen
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weixing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiqi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuxing Dong
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Perveen I, Bukhari B, Najeeb M, Nazir S, Faridi TA, Farooq M, Ahmad QUA, Abusalah MAHA, ALjaraedah TY, Alraei WY, Rabaan AA, Singh KKB, Abusalah MAHA. Hydrogen Therapy and Its Future Prospects for Ameliorating COVID-19: Clinical Applications, Efficacy, and Modality. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1892. [PMID: 37509530 PMCID: PMC10377251 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen is renowned as an odorless and colorless gas. The recommendations developed by China suggest that the inhalation of hydrogen molecules is currently advised in COVID-19 pneumonia treatment. The therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogens have been confirmed after numerous clinical trials and animal-model-based experiments, which have expounded that the low molecular weight of hydrogen enables it to easily diffuse and permeate through the cell membranes to produce a variety of biological impacts. A wide range of both chronic and acute inflammatory diseases, which may include sepsis, pancreatitis, respiratory disorders, autoimmune diseases, ischemia-reperfusion damages, etc. may be treated and prevented by using it. H2 can primarily be inoculated through inhalation, by drinking water (which already contains H2), or by administrating the injection of saline H2 in the body. It may play a pivotal role as an antioxidant, in regulating the immune system, in anti-inflammatory activities (mitochondrial energy metabolism), and cell death (apoptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy) by reducing the formation of excessive reactive O2 species and modifying the transcription factors in the nuclei of the cells. However, the fundamental process of molecular hydrogen is still not entirely understood. Molecular hydrogen H2 has a promising future in therapeutics based on its safety and possible usefulness. The current review emphasizes the antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen molecules along with the underlying principle and fundamental mechanism involved, with a prime focus on the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). This review will also provide strategies and recommendations for the therapeutic and medicinal applications of the hydrogen molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Perveen
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Centre, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Bakhtawar Bukhari
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Centre, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Najeeb
- University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sumbal Nazir
- School of Zoology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Tallat Anwar Faridi
- University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Centre, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Qurat-Ul-Ain Ahmad
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Manal Abdel Haleem A Abusalah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Thana' Y ALjaraedah
- Department of Diet Therapy Technology & Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Wesal Yousef Alraei
- Department of Diet Therapy Technology & Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kirnpal Kaur Banga Singh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Mai Abdel Haleem A Abusalah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
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Dong F, Yan W, Meng Q, Song X, Cheng B, Liu Y, Yao R. Ebselen alleviates white matter lesions and improves cognitive deficits by attenuating oxidative stress via Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion mice. Behav Brain Res 2023; 448:114444. [PMID: 37098387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is crucial in cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Therefore, ameliorating oxidative damage is considered to be a beneficial strategy for the treatment of WMLs. Ebselen (EbSe), a small lipid organoselenium compound, its lipid peroxidation activity is mediated through the glutathione peroxidase-mimetic properties. This study aimed to investigate the role of EbSe in WMLs after bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). The BCAS model can moderately reduce cerebral blood flow, and mimics white matter damage caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion or small vessel disease. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) was used to monitor the cerebral blood flow of mice. The spatial learning and memory were tested by using the eight-arm maze. LFB staining was used to detect demyelination. The expression of MBP, GFAP and Iba1 was assayed by immunofluorescence. The demyelination was assessed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The activities of MDA, SOD and GSH-Px were detected by assay kits. The mRNA levels of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1 was detected by realtime PCR. The activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and the expression of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1was assessed by Western blot. EbSe ameliorated cognitive deficits and white matter lesions induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). The expression of GFAP and Iba1 was decreased in the corpus callosum of BCAS mice after EbSe treatment. Moreover, EbSe alleviated the level of MDA by elevating the expression and mRNA of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1 in BCAS mice. Furthermore, EbSe promoted the dissociation of the Keap1/Nrf2 complex, resulting in the accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus. This study demonstrates a favorable effect of EbSe on cognitive impairment in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model, and the improvement of EbSe's antioxidant property is mediated by Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Dong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China; Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weixing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiqi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueli Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Laboratory of National Experimental Teaching and Demonstration Center of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China.
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5
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Wu C, Zou P, Feng S, Zhu L, Li F, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Molecular Hydrogen: an Emerging Therapeutic Medical Gas for Brain Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1749-1765. [PMID: 36567361 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are the main physiopathological changes involved in the initiation and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders or brain injuries. Since the landmark finding reported in 2007 found that hydrogen reduced the levels of peroxynitrite anions and hydroxyl free radicals in ischemic stroke, molecular hydrogen's antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects have aroused widespread interest. Due to its excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, hydrogen therapy via different routes of administration exhibits great therapeutic potential for a wide range of brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, depression, anxiety, traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. This paper reviews the routes for hydrogen administration, the effects of hydrogen on the previously mentioned brain disorders, and the primary mechanism underlying hydrogen's neuroprotection. Finally, we discuss hydrogen therapy's remaining issues and challenges in brain disorders. We conclude that understanding the exact molecular target, finding novel routes, and determining the optimal dosage for hydrogen administration is critical for future studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peibin Zou
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fanghui Li
- School of Sports Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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6
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Ren J, Yu L, Lin J, Ma L, Gao DS, Sun N, Liu Y, Fang L, Cheng Z, Sun K, Yan M. Dimethyl itaconate inhibits neuroinflammation to alleviate chronic pain in mice. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105296. [PMID: 35121012 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The metabolite itaconate has both anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, its influence on chronic pain is unclear. Here, we demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of the itaconate derivative dimethyl itaconate (DI) alleviates chronic pain symptoms, such as allodynia and hyperalgesia, in spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and inflammatory pain models. Moreover, intraperitoneal DI reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-alpha) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), spinal cord and hind paw tissues, suppressed the activation of macrophages in DRG and glial cells in the spinal dorsal horn and decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the DRG and spinal cord. DI boosted nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels in the DRG and spinal cord of SNL mice. Intraperitoneal administration of the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 abolished the analgesic effect of DI and decreased the expression of Nrf2 in the DRG and spinal cord. Similarly, administration of DI potently reversed the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory effect in microglia. Reduction of endogenous itaconate levels by pretreatment with immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) siRNA blocked Nrf2 expression, which impaired the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of DI in vitro. Therefore, our findings reveal for the first time that intraperitoneal DI elicits anti-inflammatory effect and sustained chronic pain relief, which may be regarded as a promising therapeutic agent for chronic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longfei Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dave Schwinn Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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7
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Tian Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Fan W, Zhou J, Qiao J, Wei Y. Hydrogen, a Novel Therapeutic Molecule, Regulates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis. Front Physiol 2022; 12:789507. [PMID: 34987419 PMCID: PMC8721893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.789507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a colorless and odorless gas. Studies have shown that H2 inhalation has the therapeutic effects in many animal studies and clinical trials, and its application is recommended in the novel coronavirus pneumonia treatment guidelines in China recently. H2 has a relatively small molecular mass, which helps it quickly spread and penetrate cell membranes to exert a wide range of biological effects. It may play a role in the treatment and prevention of a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, sepsis, respiratory disease, ischemia reperfusion injury diseases, autoimmunity diseases, etc.. H2 is primarily administered via inhalation, drinking H2-rich water, or injection of H2 saline. It may participate in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity (mitochondrial energy metabolism), immune system regulation, and cell death (apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis) through annihilating excess reactive oxygen species production and modulating nuclear transcription factor. However, the underlying mechanism of H2 has not yet been fully revealed. Owing to its safety and potential efficacy, H2 has a promising potential for clinical use against many diseases. This review will demonstrate the role of H2 in antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects and its underlying mechanism, particularly in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), providing strategies for the medical application of H2 for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tian
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunxi Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Tongji University Affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
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8
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Ohta S. Direct Targets and Subsequent Pathways for Molecular Hydrogen to Exert Multiple Functions: Focusing on Interventions in Radical Reactions. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:595-609. [PMID: 32767925 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200806101137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) was long regarded as non-functional in mammalian cells. We overturned the concept by demonstrating that H2 exhibits antioxidant effects and protects cells against oxidative stress. Subsequently, it has been revealed that H2 has multiple functions in addition to antioxidant effects, including antiinflammatory, anti-allergic functions, and as cell death and autophagy regulation. Additionally, H2 stimulates energy metabolism. As H2 does not readily react with most biomolecules without a catalyst, it is essential to identify the primary targets with which H2 reacts or interacts directly. As a first event, H2 may react directly with strong oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in vivo. This review addresses the key issues related to this in vivo reaction. •OH may have a physiological role because it triggers a free radical chain reaction and may be involved in the regulation of Ca2+- or mitochondrial ATP-dependent K+-channeling. In the subsequent pathway, H2 suppressed a free radical chain reaction, leading to decreases in lipid peroxide and its end products. Derived from the peroxides, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal functions as a mediator that up-regulates multiple functional PGC-1α. As the other direct target in vitro and in vivo, H2 intervenes in the free radical chain reaction to modify oxidized phospholipids, which may act as an antagonist of Ca2+-channels. The resulting suppression of Ca2+-signaling inactivates multiple functional NFAT and CREB transcription factors, which may explain H2 multi-functionality. This review also addresses the involvement of NFAT in the beneficial role of H2 in COVID-19, Alzheimer's disease and advanced cancer. We discuss some unsolved issues of H2 action on lipopolysaccharide signaling, MAPK and NF-κB pathways and the Nrf2 paradox. Finally, as a novel idea for the direct targeting of H2, this review introduces the possibility that H2 causes structural changes in proteins via hydrate water changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Ohta
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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9
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Chen W, Zhang HT, Qin SC. Neuroprotective Effects of Molecular Hydrogen: A Critical Review. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:389-404. [PMID: 33078374 PMCID: PMC7954968 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a physiologically inert gas. However, during the last 10 years, increasing evidence has revealed its biological functions under pathological conditions. More specifically, H2 has protective effects against a variety of diseases, particularly nervous system disorders, which include ischemia/reperfusion injury, traumatic injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive dysfunction induced by surgery and anesthesia, anxiety, and depression. In addition, H2 plays protective roles mainly through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, the regulation of autophagy, and preservation of mitochondrial function and the blood-brain barrier. Further, H2 is easy to use and has neuroprotective effects with no major side-effects, indicating that H2 administration is a potential therapeutic strategy in clinical settings. Here we summarize the H2 donors and their pharmacokinetics. Meanwhile, we review the effectiveness and safety of H2 in the treatment of various nervous system diseases based on preclinical and clinical studies, leading to the conclusion that H2 can be a simple and effective clinical therapy for CNS diseases such as ischemia-reperfusion brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and diseases characterized by cognitive dysfunction. The potential mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effect of H2 are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Taishan Institute for Hydrogen Biomedicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271000, China
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Shu-Cun Qin
- Taishan Institute for Hydrogen Biomedicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271000, China.
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10
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Barancik M, Kura B, LeBaron TW, Bolli R, Buday J, Slezak J. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Associated with Effects of Molecular Hydrogen in Cardiovascular and Central Nervous Systems. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121281. [PMID: 33333951 PMCID: PMC7765453 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are important factors contributing to the development of diseases of the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Molecular hydrogen is recognized as an emerging therapeutic, and its positive effects in the treatment of pathologies have been documented in both experimental and clinical studies. The therapeutic potential of hydrogen is attributed to several major molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on the effects of hydrogen on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, and summarizes current knowledge about its actions, including the regulation of redox and intracellular signaling, alterations in gene expressions, and modulation of cellular responses (e.g., autophagy, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling). We summarize the functions of hydrogen as a regulator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated redox signaling and the association of hydrogen with mitochondria as an important target of its therapeutic action. The antioxidant functions of hydrogen are closely associated with protein kinase signaling pathways, and we discuss possible roles of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, which are mediated through glycogen synthase kinase 3β and its involvement in the regulation of cellular apoptosis. Additionally, current knowledge about the role of molecular hydrogen in the modulation of autophagy and matrix metalloproteinases-mediated tissue remodeling, which are other responses to cellular stress, is summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Barancik
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (B.K.); (T.W.L.)
| | - Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (B.K.); (T.W.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tyler W. LeBaron
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (B.K.); (T.W.L.)
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT 84721, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
| | - Jozef Buday
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (B.K.); (T.W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +42-19-03-620-181
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11
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Dong F, Liu D, Jiang F, Liu Y, Wu X, Qu X, Liu J, Chen Y, Fan H, Yao R. Conditional Deletion of Foxg1 Alleviates Demyelination and Facilitates Remyelination via the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Cuprizone-Induced Demyelinated Mice. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:15-30. [PMID: 33015737 PMCID: PMC7811968 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive loss of oligodendrocytes caused by various pathological factors is a basic feature of many demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Based on a variety of studies, it is now well established that impairment of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to differentiate and remyelinate axons is a vital event in the failed treatment of demyelinating diseases. Recent evidence suggests that Foxg1 is essential for the proliferation of certain precursors and inhibits premature neurogenesis during brain development. To date, very little attention has been paid to the role of Foxg1 in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs in demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Here, for the first time, we examined the effects of Foxg1 on demyelination and remyelination in the brain using a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced mouse model. In this work, 7-week-old Foxg1 conditional knockout and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a diet containing 0.2% CPZ w/w for 5 weeks, after which CPZ was withdrawn to enable remyelination. Our results demonstrated that, compared with WT mice, Foxg1-knockout mice exhibited not only alleviated demyelination but also accelerated remyelination of the demyelinated corpus callosum. Furthermore, we found that Foxg1 knockout decreased the proliferation of OPCs and accelerated their differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Wnt signaling plays a critical role in development and in a variety of diseases. GSK-3β, a key regulatory kinase in the Wnt pathway, regulates the ability of β-catenin to enter nuclei, where it activates the expression of Wnt target genes. We then used SB216763, a selective inhibitor of GSK-3β activity, to further demonstrate the regulatory mechanism by which Foxg1 affects OPCs in vitro. The results showed that SB216763 clearly inhibited the expression of GSK-3β, which abolished the effect of the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs caused by the knockdown of Foxg1. These results suggest that Foxg1 is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs through the Wnt signaling pathway. The present experimental results are some of the first to suggest that Foxg1 is a new therapeutic target for the treatment of demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Dong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dajin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Feiyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiuxiang Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xuebin Qu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China.
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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12
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Kuo PC, Weng WT, Scofield BA, Paraiso HC, Brown DA, Wang PY, Yu IC, Yen JH. Dimethyl itaconate, an itaconate derivative, exhibits immunomodulatory effects on neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:138. [PMID: 32349768 PMCID: PMC7191722 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory stimuli induce immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) expression that in turn catalyzes the production of itaconate from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Itaconate has recently emerged as a regulator of immune cell functions, especially in macrophages. Studies show that itaconate is required for the activation of anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2 by LPS in mouse and human macrophages, and LPS-activated IRG1-/- macrophages that lack endogenous itaconate production exhibit augmented inflammatory responses. Moreover, dimethyl itaconate (DMI), an itaconate derivative, inhibits IL-17-induced IκBς activation in keratinocytes and modulates IL-17-IκBς pathway-mediated skin inflammation in an animal model of psoriasis. Currently, the effect of itaconate on regulating macrophage functions and peripheral inflammatory immune responses is well established. However, its effect on microglia (MG) and CNS inflammatory immune responses remains unexplored. Thus, we investigated whether itaconate possesses an immunomodulatory effect on regulating MG activation and CNS inflammation in animal models of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods Chronic C57BL/6 EAE was induced followed by DMI treatment. The effect of DMI on disease severity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, MG activation, peripheral Th1/Th17 differentiation, and the CNS infiltration of Th1/Th17 cells in EAE was determined. Primary MG was cultured to study the effect of DMI on MG activation. Relapsing-remitting SJL/J EAE was induced to assess the therapeutic effect of DMI. Results Our results show DMI ameliorated disease severity in the chronic C57BL/6 EAE model. Further analysis of the cellular and molecular mechanisms revealed that DMI mitigated BBB disruption, inhibited MMP3/MMP9 production, suppressed microglia activation, inhibited peripheral Th1/Th17 differentiation, and repressed the CNS infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells. Strikingly, DMI also exhibited a therapeutic effect on alleviating severity of relapse in the relapsing-remitting SJL/J EAE model. Conclusions We demonstrate that DMI suppresses neuroinflammation and ameliorates disease severity in EAE through multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms, suggesting that DMI can be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of MS/EAE through its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chang Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Wen-Tsan Weng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Barbara A Scofield
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Hallel C Paraiso
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Dennis A Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manchester University College of Pharmacy, Natural and Health Sciences, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Science, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA.
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Wang Y, Wang L, Hu T, Wang F, Han Z, Yin Z, Ge X, Xie K, Lei P. Hydrogen improves cell viability partly through inhibition of autophagy and activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signal pathway in a microvascular endothelial cell model of traumatic brain injury. Neurol Res 2020; 42:487-496. [PMID: 32292127 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1747717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most serious public health problems in the world. Hydrogen (H2), a flammable, colorless, and odorless gas, has been observed to have preventive and therapeutic effects on brain trauma and other neurological disorders, but its exact mechanism has not been fully clarified.Methods: To further study the mechanism underlying the role of hydrogen gas in alleviating BBB damage after TBI, we performed the scratch injury model on cultured brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3), which formed the microvascular endothelial barrier - an integral part of the highly specialized BBB.Results: In the case of TBI, hydrogen was able to improve the decline of cell viability induced by TBI. More importantly, inhibition of PI3 K/Akt/GSK3β signal pathway or activation of autophagy reduced the protective effect of hydrogen on cell viability, indicating that such protective effect was regulated by PI3 K/Akt/GSK3β signal pathway and was related to the inhibition of autophagy.Conclusion: So we concluded that hydrogen improved the cell viability in a microvascular endothelial cell model of TBI partly through inhibition of autophagy, and inhibitory effect of hydrogen on autophagy was exerted by activating PI3 K/Akt/GSK3β signal pathway. These findings enriched our knowledge about the mechanism of hydrogen therapy against TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianpeng Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoli Han
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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