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Jin F, Li J, Zhao C, Gu L, Pu M, Jiang S, Liang M, Zhao Y, Shen J, Agabuwei A, Han Q, Liao D. Quercetin alleviates kidney damage caused by mercury Chloride: The protective effects of quercetin on autophagy and inflammation were studied based on TRIM32/TLR4/LC3 pathway. Toxicon 2024; 248:108031. [PMID: 39033964 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mercury is one of the heavy metal pollutants causing serious harm to human health. Quercetin was observed to repair kidney damage through the TLR4/TRIM32 pathway, and the detoxification effect of quercetin on heavy metal poisoning was observed. METHODS For the study, the researchers divided 40 male mice from the KM strain into five groups: control, HgCl2, QU30, HgCl2+QU15, and HgCl2+QU30. The biological effects of those mice in each group were detected by the biochemical experiment, histopathology experiment and protein expression experiment respectively. RESULTS HgCl2 had effects in increasing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05). HgCl2 induced inflammation by increasing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4) (P < 0.05). The expression of creatinine (CRE) and urea nitrogen (BUN) showed that HgCl2 promoted kidney injury. HgCl2 altered renal tissue integrity and TRIM32 expression which resulted in the increased autophagy associated protein levels of LC3. In contrast, quercetin reduced oxidative stress, autophagy, inflammation and histopathological changes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Quercetin has the renal protection effects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jin
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - JiaYue Li
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Lixiang Gu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Min Pu
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Simin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Mingming Liang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Jianli Shen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Agabuwei Agabuwei
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Qin Han
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China.
| | - Dan Liao
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China; Mianyang Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Mianyang621000,PR China.
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Goyani S, Shinde A, Shukla S, Saranga MV, Currim F, Mane M, Singh J, Roy M, Gohel D, Chandak N, Vasiyani H, Singh R. Enhanced translocation of TRIM32 to mitochondria sensitizes dopaminergic neuronal cells to apoptosis during stress conditions in Parkinson's disease. FEBS J 2024; 291:2636-2655. [PMID: 38317520 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons from the substantia nigra region of the brain. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major causes of oxidative stress and neuronal cell death in PD. E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Parkin (PRKN) modulate mitochondrial quality control in PD; however, the role of other E3 ligases associated with mitochondria in the regulation of neuronal cell death in PD has not been explored. The current study investigated the role of TRIM32, RING E3 ligase, in sensitization to oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis. The expression of TRIM32 sensitizes SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells to rotenone and 6-OHDA-induced neuronal death, whereas the knockdown increased cell viability under PD stress conditions. The turnover of TRIM32 is enhanced under PD stress conditions and is mediated by autophagy. TRIM32 translocation to mitochondria is enhanced under PD stress conditions and localizes on the outer mitochondrial membrane. TRIM32 decreases complex-I assembly and activity as well as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP levels under PD stress. Deletion of the RING domain of TRIM32 enhanced complex I activity and rescued ROS levels and neuronal viability under PD stress conditions. TRIM32 decreases the level of XIAP, and co-expression of XIAP with TRIM32 rescued the PD stress-induced cell death and mitochondrial ROS level. In conclusion, turnover of TRIM32 increases during stress conditions and translocation to mitochondria is enhanced, regulating mitochondrial functions and neuronal apoptosis by modulating the level of XIAP in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanikumar Goyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Anjali Shinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Shatakshi Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - M V Saranga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Fatema Currim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Milton Roy
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nisha Chandak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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He L, Cai Y, Du H, Shu M, Zhu C. Adipose stem cell‑derived exosomes promote high glucose-induced wound healing by regulating the TRIM32/STING axis. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:323. [PMID: 38822901 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Refractory diabetic wounds are still a clinical challenge that can cause persistent inflammation and delayed healing. Exosomes of adipose stem cells (ADSC-exos) are the potential strategy for wound repair; however, underlying mechanisms remain mysterious. In this study, we isolated ADSC-exos and identified their characterization. High glucose (HG) stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to establish in vitro model. The biological behaviors were analyzed by Transwell, wound healing, and tube formation assays. The underlying mechanisms were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), IP, and western blot. The results showed that ADSC-exos promoted HG-inhibited cell migration and angiogenesis. In addition, ADSC-exos increased the levels of TRIM32 in HG-treated HUVECs, which promoted the ubiquitination of STING and downregulated STING protein levels. Rescue experiments affirmed that ADSC-exos promoted migration and angiogenesis of HG-treated HUVECs by regulating the TRIM32/STING axis. In conclusion, ADSC-exos increased the levels of TRIM32, which interacted with STING and promoted its ubiquitination, downregulating STING levels, thus promoting migration and angiogenesis of HG-treated HUVECs. The findings suggested that ADSC-exos could promote diabetic wound healing and demonstrated a new mechanism of ADSC-exos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, 438000, P. R. China
| | - Huicong Du
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Maoguo Shu
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Chan Zhu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road, 127#, Xi'an city, Shaanxi Province, 710032, P. R. China.
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Żołnierkiewicz O, Rogacka D. Hyperglycemia - A culprit of podocyte pathology in the context of glycogen metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109927. [PMID: 38350532 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged disruption in the balance of glucose can result in metabolic disorders. The kidneys play a significant role in regulating blood glucose levels. However, when exposed to chronic hyperglycemia, the kidneys' ability to handle glucose metabolism may be impaired, leading to an accumulation of glycogen. Earlier studies have shown that there can be a significant increase in glucose storage in the form of glycogen in the kidneys in diabetes. Podocytes play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of filtration barrier. In diabetes, exposure to elevated glucose levels can lead to significant metabolic and structural changes in podocytes, contributing to kidney damage and the development of diabetic kidney disease. The accumulation of glycogen in podocytes is not a well-established phenomenon. However, a recent study has demonstrated the presence of glycogen granules in podocytes. This review delves into the intricate connections between hyperglycemia and glycogen metabolism within the context of the kidney, with special emphasis on podocytes. The aberrant storage of glycogen has the potential to detrimentally impact podocyte functionality and perturb their structural integrity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the alterations in cellular signaling pathways that may potentially lead to glycogen overproduction in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Żołnierkiewicz
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogacka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; University of Gdansk, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
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Wang X, Wang X, Liu Z, Liu L, Zhang J, Jiang D, Huang G. Identification of inflammation-related biomarkers in keloids. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1351513. [PMID: 38444850 PMCID: PMC10912164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1351513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between inflammation-related genes (IRGs) and keloid disease (KD) is currently unclear. The aim of this study was to identify a new set of inflammation-related biomarkers in KD. Methods GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets were used in this study. A list of 3026 IRGs was obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database. Differentially expressed inflammation-related genes (DEGs) were obtained by taking the intersection of DEGs between KD and control samples and the list of IRGs. Candidate genes were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Candidate genes with consistent expression differences between KD and control in both GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets were screened as biomarkers. An alignment diagram was constructed and validated, and in silico immune infiltration analysis and drug prediction were performed. Finally, RT-qPCR was performed on KD samples to analyze the expression of the identified biomarkers. Results A total of 889 DEGs were identified from the GSE145725 dataset, 169 of which were IRGs. Three candidate genes (TRIM32, LPAR1 and FOXF1) were identified by the LASSO regression analysis, and expression validation analysis suggested that FOXF1 and LPAR1 were down-regulated in KD samples and TRIM32 was up-regulated. All three candidate genes had consistent changes in expression in both the GSE145725 and GSE7890 datasets. An alignment diagram was constructed to predict KD. Effector memory CD4 T cells, T follicular helper cell, Myeloid derived suppressor cell, activated dendritic cell, Immature dendritic cell and Monocyte were differentially expressed between the KD and control group. Sixty-seven compounds that may act on FOXF1, 108 compounds that may act on LPAR1 and 56 compounds that may act on TRIM32 were predicted. Finally, RT-qPCR showed that the expression of LPAR1 was significantly lower in KD samples compared to normal samples whereas TRIM32 was significantly higher, while there was no difference in the expression of FOXF1. Conclusion This study provides a new perspective to study the relationship between IRGs and KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhong Liu
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jixun Zhang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Duyin Jiang
- Plastic Burn Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guobao Huang
- Burn Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Liang LL, He MF, Zhou PP, Pan SK, Liu DW, Liu ZS. GSK3β: A ray of hope for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23458. [PMID: 38315453 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302160r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is characterized by its complex pathogenesis, high risk of chronic renal failure, and lack of effective diagnosis and treatment methods. GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β), a highly conserved threonine/serine kinase, was found to activate glycogen synthase. As a key molecule of the glucose metabolism pathway, GSK3β participates in a variety of cellular activities and plays a pivotal role in multiple diseases. However, these effects are not only mediated by affecting glucose metabolism. This review elaborates on the role of GSK3β in DKD and its damage mechanism in different intrinsic renal cells. GSK3β is also a biomarker indicating the progression of DKD. Finally, the protective effects of GSK3β inhibitors on DKD are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Fei He
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Chen J, Feng X, Zhou X, Li Y. Role of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family of proteins in insulin resistance and related disorders. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3-15. [PMID: 37726973 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of insulin-signalling-related proteins may be involved in the development of insulin resistance and its related disorders. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins, a superfamily belonging to the E3 ubiquitin ligases, are capable of controlling protein levels and function by ubiquitination, which is essential for the modulation of insulin sensitivity. Recent research has indicated that some of these TRIMs act as key regulatory factors of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest evidence linking TRIMs to the regulation of insulin resistance and its related disorders, their roles in regulating multiple signalling pathways or cellular processes, such as insulin signalling pathways, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalling pathways, glucose and lipid metabolism, the inflammatory response, and cell cycle control, as well as recent advances in the development of TRIM-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic disease, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianjie Feng
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Centre of Anaesthesiology and Pain, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Wang X, Yang J, Wang W, Li Y, Yang Y. Decreasing REDD1 expression protects against high glucose-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in podocytes through regulation of the AKT/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:527-538. [PMID: 36883011 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2183351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our goal in this work was to investigate the possible role and mechanism of regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) in mediating high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse podocytes were stimulated with HG to establish HG injury model. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. Cell viability was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide and TUNEL apoptotic assays. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were quantified by commercial kits. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were measured by ELISA. RESULTS A marked increase in REDD1 expression was observed in podocytes stimulated with HG. Reduced REDD1 expression strikingly restrained HG-induced increases in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation response in cultured podocytes. Decreasing REDD1 expression enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in HG-exposed podocytes via regulation of the AKT/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) pathway. Inhibition of AKT or reactivation of GSK-3β prominently abolished Nrf2 activation induced by decreasing REDD1 expression. Pharmacological repression of Nrf2 markedly reversed the protective effects of decreasing REDD1 expression in HG-injured podocytes. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that decreasing REDD1 expression protects cultured podocytes from HG-induced injuries by potentiating Nrf2 signaling through regulation of the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Our work underscores the potential role of REDD1-mediated podocyte injury during the development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
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Qi J, Liu W, Gan L, Guo H, Xie Y, Gou L, Cai D, Zhang J, Deng J, Ren Z, Fang J, Zuo Z. Process of Glucose Increases Rather Than Constant High Glucose Was the Main Cause of Abnormal Glucose Induced Glomerulus Epithelial Cells Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010600. [PMID: 36614042 PMCID: PMC9820529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glycemia is frequently along with nephritis, whose pathogenesis is unexplicit. Here, we investigated the effects of abnormal glucose on the renal glomerulus epithelial cells by stimulating immortalized bovine renal glomerulus epithelial (MDBK) cells with five different levels of glucose, including low glucose (2.5 mM for 48 h, LG), normal glucose (5 mM for 48 h, NG), high glucose (25 mM for 48 h, HG), increasing glucose (24 h of 2.5 mM glucose followed by 24 h of 25 mM, IG), and reducing glucose (24 h of 25 mM glucose followed by 24 h of 2.5 mM, RG). The results showed that LG and RG treatments had nonsignificant effects (p > 0.05) on the viability of MDBK cells. HG treatment decreased the viabilities of cells (p < 0.01) without triggering an apparent inflammatory response by activating the nox4/ROS/p53/caspase-3-mediated apoptosis pathway. IG treatment decreased the viabilities of cells significantly (p < 0.01) with high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant (p < 0.05) by triggering the txnip/nlrp3/gsdmd-mediated pyroptosis pathway. These results indicated that the process of glucose increase rather than the constant high glucose was the main cause of abnormal glucose-induced MDBK cell inflammatory death, prompting that the process of glycemia increases might be mainly responsible for the nephritis in diabetic nephropathy, underlining the importance of glycemic control in diabetes patients.
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