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Soares ADS, da Silva MB, Fraga RE, Hoppe EGL, Oliveira WJ, Schiavetti A. Helminths of Wied's marmoset (Callithrix kuhlii (Coimbra-Filho, 1985) (Primates: Callitrichidae)) from the Atlantic Forest, Southern Bahia State, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2024; 33:e016523. [PMID: 38422329 PMCID: PMC10927270 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Callithrix kuhlii is present in forest mosaics, edge habitats, and abandoned fields in the Atlantic Forest. In Bahia and Minas Gerais. This study aimed to identify helminths from C. kuhlii and relate them to the clinical data, weights, and indices of the liver and gonads. Necropsies were performed on 13 adult marmosets that were run over on the BA-001 highway. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to describe the relationships between the variables investigated. Fifty-one helminths were collected from 30.77% (4/13) of the marmosets analyzed. Helminths were classified based on their morphological and morphometric characteristics. Primasubulura jacchi (Marcel, 1857), Platynosomum illiciens (Dougherty, 1946), and Prosthenorchis confusus (Dougherty, 1946) were the species identified, with prevalence rates of 7.69%, 7.69%, and 15.38%, respectively. In addition, this is a new host record of P. confusus. The two main axes of the PCA explained a high variability (PCA=67.7%), indicating reduced weight and indices of the organs of parasitized animals. This study expands the knowledge on parasites of C. kuhlii and its vulnerability to parasites, contributing to constructing an epidemiological profile of environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aléxia David Santos Soares
- Laboratório de Zoologia - Labzoo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
- Laboratório de Etnoconservação e Áreas Protegidas - LECAP, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - Márcio Borba da Silva
- Laboratório de Zoologia - Labzoo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Evangelista Fraga
- Laboratório de Biologia celular e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Parasitárias - LabEPar, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Wilson Junior Oliveira
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Parasitárias - LabEPar, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Schiavetti
- Laboratório de Etnoconservação e Áreas Protegidas - LECAP, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
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Lamoglia JM, Boere V, Picoli EADT, de Oliveira JA, Silva Neto CDME, Silva IDO. Tree Species and Morphology of Holes Caused by Black-Tufted Marmosets to Obtain Exudates: Some Implications for the Exudativory. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192578. [PMID: 36230319 PMCID: PMC9559504 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the pattern of exploitation of trees can help us understand the relationship between marmosets and plants, especially in declining forests, such as those in the Brazilian Cerrado. Black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) regularly exploit exudates by gouging the bark of trees with their specialized teeth. Determining preferred tree species to exploit exudates is important for forest management aimed at maintaining an essential food source for urban marmosets. We characterized the tree species, dendrometry, and the characteristics of the holes made by marmosets to obtain exudates. Based on these data, we proposed a gouging effort index (Chiseling Suitability Index for Marmosets, ChiSI). We identified 16 species belonging to 10 families of trees with gouging marks made by marmosets. Eleven new tree species used by black-tufted marmosets for exudates were identified in urban forests in the Cerrado. Exudate exploration was predominantly of medium intensity, with round holes concentrated in the canopy. The species Tapirira guianensis and Croton urucarana were preferred. The ChiSI was characterized by a narrow range for both T. guianensis and C. urucarana. Despite the flexibility of obtaining exudates, the black-tufted marmosets concentrate their exploitation to only a few tree species. The T. guianensis and C. urucarana tree species should be considered the most important species for management plans and the preservation of black-tufted marmosets that live in urban forests in the Cerrado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Martins Lamoglia
- Pos Graduate Program at Animal Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanner Boere
- Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências, Campus Jorge Amado, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Itabuna 45653-970, BA, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program at Environmental Sciences and Technology, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Porto Seguro 41900-222, BA, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | | | - Ita de Oliveira Silva
- Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências, Campus Jorge Amado, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Itabuna 45653-970, BA, Brazil
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Malukiewicz J, Boere V, de Oliveira MAB, D'arc M, Ferreira JVA, French J, Housman G, de Souza CI, Jerusalinsky L, R de Melo F, M Valença-Montenegro M, Moreira SB, de Oliveira E Silva I, Pacheco FS, Rogers J, Pissinatti A, Del Rosario RCH, Ross C, Ruiz-Miranda CR, Pereira LCM, Schiel N, de Fátima Rodrigues da Silva F, Souto A, Šlipogor V, Tardif S. An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research. ILAR J 2021; 61:110-138. [PMID: 34933341 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide here a current overview of marmoset (Callithrix) evolution, hybridization, species biology, basic/biomedical research, and conservation initiatives. Composed of 2 subgroups, the aurita group (C aurita and C flaviceps) and the jacchus group (C geoffroyi, C jacchus, C kuhlii, and C penicillata), this relatively young primate radiation is endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Significant impacts on Callithrix within these biomes resulting from anthropogenic activity include (1) population declines, particularly for the aurita group; (2) widespread geographic displacement, biological invasions, and range expansions of C jacchus and C penicillata; (3) anthropogenic hybridization; and (4) epizootic Yellow Fever and Zika viral outbreaks. A number of Brazilian legal and conservation initiatives are now in place to protect the threatened aurita group and increase research about them. Due to their small size and rapid life history, marmosets are prized biomedical models. As a result, there are increasingly sophisticated genomic Callithrix resources available and burgeoning marmoset functional, immuno-, and epigenomic research. In both the laboratory and the wild, marmosets have given us insight into cognition, social group dynamics, human disease, and pregnancy. Callithrix jacchus and C penicillata are emerging neotropical primate models for arbovirus disease, including Dengue and Zika. Wild marmoset populations are helping us understand sylvatic transmission and human spillover of Zika and Yellow Fever viruses. All of these factors are positioning marmosets as preeminent models to facilitate understanding of facets of evolution, hybridization, conservation, human disease, and emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Malukiewicz
- Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Centre, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Vanner Boere
- Institute of Humanities, Arts, and Sciences, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Mirela D'arc
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jéssica V A Ferreira
- Centro de Conservação e Manejo de Fauna da Caatinga, UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey French
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | | - Leandro Jerusalinsky
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Primatas Brasileiros (ICMBio/CPB), Cabedelo, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabiano R de Melo
- Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro de Conservação dos Saguis-da-Serra, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mônica M Valença-Montenegro
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Primatas Brasileiros (ICMBio/CPB), Cabedelo, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Ita de Oliveira E Silva
- Institute of Humanities, Arts, and Sciences, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Felipe Santos Pacheco
- Centro de Conservação dos Saguis-da-Serra, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alcides Pissinatti
- Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro, Guapimirim, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C H Del Rosario
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Corinna Ross
- Science and Mathematics, Texas A&M University San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos R Ruiz-Miranda
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences, Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz C M Pereira
- Centro de Conservação e Manejo de Fauna da Caatinga, UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Nicola Schiel
- Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Souto
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Vedrana Šlipogor
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Suzette Tardif
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Botton-Divet L, Nyakatura JA. Vertical clinging and leaping induced evolutionary rate shifts in postcranial evolution of tamarins and marmosets (Primates, Callitrichidae). BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:132. [PMID: 34171986 PMCID: PMC8235625 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callitrichids comprise a diverse group of platyrrhine monkeys that are present across South and Central America. Their secondarily evolved small size and pointed claws allow them to cling to vertical trunks of a large diameter. Within callitrichids, lineages with a high affinity for vertical supports often engage in trunk-to-trunk leaping. This vertical clinging and leaping (VCL) differs from horizontal leaping (HL) in terms of the functional demands imposed on the musculoskeletal system, all the more so as HL often occurs on small compliant terminal branches. We used quantified shape descriptors (3D geometric morphometrics) and phylogenetically-informed analyses to investigate the evolution of the shape and size of the humerus and femur, and how this variation reflects locomotor behavior within Callitrichidae. RESULTS The humerus of VCL-associated species has a narrower trochlea compared with HL species. It is hypothesized that this contributes to greater elbow mobility. The wider trochlea in HL species appears to correspondingly provide greater stability to the elbow joint. The femur in VCL species has a smaller head and laterally-oriented distal condyles, possibly to reduce stresses during clinging. Similarly, the expanded lesser trochanters visible in VCL species provide a greater lever for the leg retractors and are thus also interpreted as an adaptation to clinging. Evolutionary rate shifts to faster shape and size changes of humerus and femur occurred in the Leontocebus clade when a shift to slower rates occurred in the Saguinus clade. CONCLUSIONS Based on the study of evolutionary rate shifts, the transition to VCL behavior within callitrichids (specifically the Leontocebus clade) appears to have been an opportunity for radiation, rather than a specialization that imposed constraints on morphological diversity. The study of the evolution of callitrichids suffers from a lack of comparative analyses of limb mechanics during trunk-to-trunk leaping, and future work in this direction would be of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Botton-Divet
- AG Vergleichende Zoologie, Institut Für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - John A Nyakatura
- AG Vergleichende Zoologie, Institut Für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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Abreu F, Souto A, Schiel N. Wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) employ spatial cognitive abilities to improve their food search and consumption: an experimental approach in small-scale space. Primates 2020; 61:807-816. [PMID: 32383127 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability of an animal to integrate and retain spatial information of resources often depends on the spatial memory and the speed at which this memory crystallizes. These become especially important once foragers reach their target area. However, very little is known about how wild common marmosets encode spatial information when feeding rewards are near to each other in a small-scale space. With this in mind, we performed field experiments to test foraging decisions related to a small-scale space setting. Specifically, we tested the (i) short- and (ii) long-term spatial memory, as well as (iii) the ability to remember the spatial location of resources after a single visit (one-trial spatial learning). The study was conducted with four groups of wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) living in a semiarid Caatinga environment. We observed that individuals were able to retain spatial information of food sources on both a short- and long-term basis and to learn the spatial location of these resources after a single visit. We suggest that such abilities during foraging can improve the search for scattered resources with fluctuations of food availability. Presumably, this would be particularly advantageous in Caatinga, with its vegetation exhibiting asynchronous phenological patterns. Altogether, our results demonstrate that common marmosets employ all three studied spatial cognitive abilities to improve their food search and consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Abreu
- Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Souto
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Nicola Schiel
- Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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Hannibal W, Renon P, Figueiredo VV, Oliveira RF, Moreno AE, Martinez RA. Trends and biases in scientific literature about marmosets, genus Callithrix (Primates, Callitrichidae): biodiversity and conservation perspectives. NEOTROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/neotropical.14.e49077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marmosets of the genus Callithrix are small-bodied platyrrhines, endemic to Brazil. In the last 30 years, there has been a constant interest in studying their biology, ecology and conservation. In this study, we compiled a systematic review to evaluate the trends and advances of marmoset research, from biodiversity and conservation perspectives. We searched for articles published in peer-reviewed journals within the main academic search engines, using the keywords “marmoset” OR “sagui” OR “Callithrix”. We found 68 published articles with a focus on biodiversity and conservation. The number of articles has increased over the years, most of them consisting of research from the Atlantic Forest biome. Callithrix penicillata (26 articles) and C. jacchus (21) were the most studied species. The number of studies was associated with the species’ geographical distribution. From a conservation perspective, the most threatened species showed the narrowest geographical distribution, a lower number of studies and, on average, a smaller protected area size. We concluded that trends and biases in biodiversity and conservation scientific literature of Callithrix are directly and indirectly associated with its geographical distribution. Species with wide geographical distribution are more studied, better known and protected. We highlight that the major effort of studies must be towards marmoset populations from the transition region of the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado and Caatinga biomes, and on threatened species within narrow geographical ranges.
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Duarte RB, Maior RS, Barros M. Behavioral and cortisol responses of adult marmoset monkeys ( Callithrix penicillata ) to different home-cage social disruption intervals. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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CABANA F, DIERENFELD ES, Wirdateti, DONATI G, NEKARIS KAI. Exploiting a readily available but hard to digest resource: A review of exudativorous mammals identified thus far and how they cope in captivity. Integr Zool 2018; 13:94-111. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis CABANA
- Wildlife Nutrition CentreWildlife Reserves Singapore
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
| | | | - Wirdateti
- Zoological DivisionIndonesian Institute of Science Cibinong Indonesia
| | - Giuseppe DONATI
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
| | - K. A. I. NEKARIS
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
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Ferreira AS, Le Pendu Y, Martinez RA. The use of a mixed rubber landscape by tufted-ear marmosets. Primates 2017; 59:293-300. [PMID: 29264765 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-017-0645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the loss and fragmentation of tropical forests, the survival of primates depends on their ability to adapt to human-introduced modifications in their habitat. Marmosets are known for their ecological and behavioral plasticity and have been registered in various agricultural landscapes. Our goal was to describe the ecology of tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix sp.) in a rubber/forest landscape, monitoring their use of habitat and diet. We followed two groups using radio telemetry and visual observations for nine months at the Michelin plantation Ltd. in Bahia, Brazil. Both groups used mainly pioneer forest and rubber with pioneer vegetation more than expected according to availability, even though they explored all types of vegetation. Rubber monocultures act as corridors for marmoset locomotion among more suitable habitats. Feeding, gummivory and socialization were mainly performed in the pioneer forest (with or without rubber), in which most sleeping sites and food sources were found. Groups of marmosets can incorporate agroforest matrixes to their area of use and activity patterns. Maintenance of marmosets in fragmented landscapes might be favored by their diet flexibility, with the use of resources such as gum and fruit, including exotic plants. Although known for their ecological flexibility, marmosets do require certain resources to be present in native habitat to adapt to agricultural landscapes. Patches of forest within a rubber landscape and pioneer vegetation in the rubber inter-rows should be considered to maintain populations of Callithrix in rubber landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluane S Ferreira
- Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, UESC, Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil
| | - Yvonnick Le Pendu
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, UESC, Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil
| | - Romari A Martinez
- Departamento de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, UESC, Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil.
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Cabana F, Dierenfeld E, Wirdateti W, Donati G, Nekaris K. The seasonal feeding ecology of the javan slow loris (nycticebus javanicus). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 162:768-781. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Cabana
- Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University; Oxford OX3 0BP UK
- Wildlife Reserves Singapore; Singapore 729826 Singapore
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Donati
- Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University; Oxford OX3 0BP UK
| | - K.A.I. Nekaris
- Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University; Oxford OX3 0BP UK
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de Carvalho Oliveira L, de Almeida Rocha JM, Dos Reis PP, Dietz J. Preliminary findings on social and ecological correlates of a polyspecific association between a golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) and Wied's marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii). Primates 2016; 58:179-186. [PMID: 27771832 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-016-0580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The advantages of living in a group include feeding benefits and/or predation avoidance, while the disadvantages are typically related to competition. One way to avoid competition while maintaining the benefits of living in a group is to form interspecific associations with species with relatively little dietary overlap. Here we report a stable association between a male golden-headed lion tamarin (GHLT), Leontopithecus chrysomelas, and a group of Wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (WBTMs), Callithrix kuhlii. We collected ecological and behavioral data on a duo of GHLTs from May to August 2008, totaling 62 h of observations. On 19 August 2008, the radio-collared GHLT dispersed alone and was located on 28 August in association with WBTMs. To examine possible changes in GHLT ecology and behavior, we monitored the mixed-species group between September and December 2008, totaling 122 h of observations. We found that the GHLT's home range and daily path length decreased by about ten and three times, respectively, after joining the WBTM group, suggesting adaptations to the WBTMs' use of space. All non-agonistic behaviors recorded in the mixed group were directed from GHLT to the WBMTs, whereas all agonistic interactions were directed from the WBMTs to the GHLT, indicating a subordinate position of GHLT in the mixed group. In golden lion tamarins, reproductive success of subordinate adult males that remain in the group is higher than that of those that disperse and "prospect" for a breeding opportunity. If dispersing individuals are unable to find a mate and defend a territory, they will likely die within a year. The dispersing GHLT in this study assumed a subordinate role in a mixed-species group outside a GHLT territory. Apparently, the benefits of waiting for a dispersing female in a relatively safe situation may exceed the costs of prospecting elsewhere or being a subordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo de Carvalho Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua Dr. Francisco Portela, 1470-Patronato, CEP 24435-005, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brazil.
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Salobrinho, CEP 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
- Bicho do Mato Instituto de Pesquisa, Av. Cônsul Antônio Cadar, 600, CEP 30360-082, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Monteiro de Almeida Rocha
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Salobrinho, CEP 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Paula Pedreira Dos Reis
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Salobrinho, CEP 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
- Instituto de Estudos Socioambientais do Sul da Bahia (IESB), Rua Araujo Pinho, 72-3° Andar, Centro, CEP 45.653-145, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - James Dietz
- Program in Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Save the Golden Lion Tamarin, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Home Range, Diet, and Activity Patterns of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Very Small and Isolated Fragments of the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/685816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the impact of very small and isolated forest fragments on the common marmosets home range, diet, and activity patterns, in the northeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Three groups were studied in three forest fragments, from January to October 2010, totaling 360 hours of observations and 1,080 field-hours. Systematic observations were recorded using Instantaneous Scan Sampling, and a checklist of the items exploited was built throughad libitumobservations. We recorded location of the groups and calculated home range. We recorded 11,639 scans and 236ad libitumfeeding records. 83.4% (n=10) of food items were plant species, the only animal protein was from insects (n=2; 16.6%), and the diet was based almost exclusively on gums. Mean home range was 5.5 ha, mean daily path length was 1,167 meters, and no differences were detected between seasons. Resting dominated their activity budget and varied between seasons. Common marmosets survived in this environment through a remarkable increase in their exploitation of tree gums (up to 98% of their feeding bouts) to compensate for the lack of food, in home ranges slightly larger than in the literature. Thus, they travelled and foraged less than expected and rested more since food was easily obtained.
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Hilário RR, Ferrari SF. Dense understory and absence of capuchin monkeys (Sapajus xanthosternos) predict higher density of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in the Brazilian Northeast. Am J Primatol 2014; 77:425-33. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renato R. Hilário
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences; Federal University of Amapá; Macapá Brazil
- Department of Systematics and Ecology; Federal University of Paraíba; João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Stephen F. Ferrari
- Department of Systematics and Ecology; Federal University of Paraíba; João Pessoa Brazil
- Department of Ecology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Brazil
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14
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Francisco TM, Couto DR, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE, Silva IDO, Boere V. Vegetable exudates as food for Callithrix spp. (Callitrichidae): exploratory patterns. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112321. [PMID: 25372137 PMCID: PMC4221360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marmosets of the genus Callithrix are specialized in the consumption of tree exudates to obtain essential nutritional resource by boring holes into bark with teeth. However, marmoset preferences for particular tree species, location, type, and other suitable factors that aid in exudate acquisition need further research. In the current study, the intensity of exudate use from Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina trees by hybrid marmosets Callithrix spp. groups was studied in five forest fragments in Viçosa, in the state of Minas, Brazil. Thirty-nine A. peregrina var. peregrina trees were examined and 8,765 active and non-active holes were analyzed. The trunk of A. peregrina var. peregrina had a lower number of holes than the canopy: 11% were found on the trunk and 89% were found on the canopy. The upper canopy was the preferred area by Callithrix spp. for obtaining exudates. The intensity of tree exploitation by marmosets showed a moderate-to-weak correlation with diameter at breast height (DBH) and total tree height. The overall results indicate that Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina provides food resources for hybrid marmosets (Callithrix spp.) and these animals prefer to explore this resource on the apical parts of the plant, where the thickness, location, and age of the branches are the main features involved in the acquisition of exudates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dayvid Rodrigues Couto
- Departamento de Botânica/Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Ita de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanner Boere
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Brazil
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Rodrigues NN, Martinez RA. Wildlife in our backyard: interactions between Wied's marmosetCallithrix kuhlii(Primates: Callithrichidae) and residents of Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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16
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Tisovec KC, Cassano CR, Boubli JP, Pardini R. Mixed-species Groups of Marmosets and Tamarins Across a Gradient of Agroforestry Intensification. Biotropica 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina C. Tisovec
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão Travessa 14 n°101 CEP: 05508-090 São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Camila R. Cassano
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16 CEP: 45662-900 Ilhéus BA Brazil
| | - Jean P. Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences; University of Salford; Salford M5 4WT U.K
| | - Renata Pardini
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão Travessa 14 n°101 CEP: 05508-090 São Paulo SP Brazil
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Spatiotemporal Interactions Among Three Neighboring Groups of Free-Ranging White-Footed Tamarins (Saguinus leucopus) in Colombia. INT J PRIMATOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-013-9740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Smith JM, Smith AC. An investigation of ecological correlates with hand and foot morphology in callitrichid primates. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 152:447-58. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M. Smith
- Institute of Science and the Environment; University of Worcester; Worcester WR2 6AJ UK
| | - Andrew C. Smith
- Animal and Environmental Research Group; Department of Life Sciences; Anglia Ruskin University; Cambridge CB1 1PT UK
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Cassano CR, Barlow J, Pardini R. Large Mammals in an Agroforestry Mosaic in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biotropica 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jos Barlow
- Lancaster Environment Centre; Lancaster University; Lancaster; LA1 4YQ; U.K
| | - Renata Pardini
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, n°101; São Paulo; SP; 05508-090; Brazil
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Cassano CR, Kierulff MCM, Chiarello AG. The cacao agroforests of the Brazilian Atlantic forest as habitat for the endangered maned sloth Bradypus torquatus. Mamm Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Oliveira LC, Dietz JM. Predation risk and the interspecific association of two Brazilian Atlantic forest primates in Cabruca agroforest. Am J Primatol 2011; 73:852-60. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Density and Spatial Distribution of Buffy-tufted-ear Marmosets (Callithrix aurita) in a Continuous Atlantic Forest. INT J PRIMATOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-011-9503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Huber HF, Lewis KP. An assessment of gum-based environmental enrichment for captive gummivorous primates. Zoo Biol 2011; 30:71-8. [PMID: 21319210 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.20321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the wild, many primates consume gums exuded from trees, and many species are gum specialists. In spite of this, few data exist concerning gum feeding in captivity. Using a web-based survey of 46 zoos in 12 countries, we evaluated the extent to which zoos feed gum to primates. We found that although callitrichids and galagos receive gum-based enrichment, cercopithecines generally do not. Environmental enrichment is important for stimulating naturalistic behavior to promote the psychological wellbeing of animals. Thus, gum-based enrichment is important for captive gummivores. Our study highlights the need to improve environmental enrichment for captive gummivores, in particular that of cercopithecines. This is most striking for the patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), an obligate gummivore. The exchange of ecological data between field research and captive settings is crucial, and is just one way primate caretakers can contribute to the conservation and welfare of some of our closest living relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary F Huber
- Department of Anthropology, Texas State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, Texas, USA.
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Porter LM, Garber PA. Mycophagy and its influence on habitat use and ranging patterns in Callimico goeldii. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2010; 142:468-75. [PMID: 20209492 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mycophagy has been documented in a number of species of marmosets and lion tamarins (Callitrichinae) but its effect on ranging behavior is not known. We present the results of 10 years of research on five groups of Goeldi's monkey (Callimico goeldii) at a field site in northwestern Bolivia. We studied the diet and ranging behavior of two of the groups. On average, groups contained 4.5 individuals (range 2.0-9.0), but they gradually decreased in size until only the breeding female remained in the home range. The annual diet was composed of fungi (31.1-34.9%), fruits (34.0-40.6%), prey (17.4-30.1%), and exudates (1.0-10.9%). They had large home ranges (114-150 ha) and over time individuals tended to shift their core areas of use. They used secondary and bamboo forest and forest with dense understories more than expected based on availability. We suggest that the large home ranges and shifting core areas used by C. goeldii are components of a foraging strategy to track patchy, low density, and ephemeral fungal fruiting bodies. Our results, along with data published on other callitrichines, indicate that groups of Leontopithecus, Callithrix, and Callimico that eat fungi have larger home ranges than those that do not. Mycophagy is one of the several factors that evidently affect home range size in callitrichines. Fungi are clearly an important food source for a number of populations, but additional studies are needed to determine why some eat fungi frequently while others do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila M Porter
- Department of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60155, USA.
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Smith AS, Birnie AK, Lane KR, French JA. Production and perception of sex differences in vocalizations of Wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii). Am J Primatol 2009; 71:324-32. [PMID: 19090554 PMCID: PMC2981084 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Males and females from many species produce distinct acoustic variations of functionally identical call types. Social behavior may be primed by sex-specific variation in acoustic features of calls. We present a series of acoustic analyses and playback experiments as methods for investigating this subject. Acoustic parameters of phee calls produced by Wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii) were analyzed for sex differences. Discriminant function analyses showed that calls contained sufficient acoustic variation to predict the sex of the caller. Several frequency variables differed significantly between the sexes. Natural and synthesized calls were presented to male-female pairs. Calls elicited differential behavioral responses based on the sex of the caller. Marmosets became significantly more vigilant following the playback of male phee calls (both natural and synthetic) than following female phee calls. In a second playback experiment, synthesized calls were modified by independently manipulating three parameters that were known to differ between the sexes (low-, peak-, and end-frequency). When end-frequency-modified calls were presented, responsiveness was differentiable by sex of caller but did not differ from responses to natural calls. This suggests that marmosets did not use end-frequency to determine the sex of the caller. Manipulation of peak-and low-frequency parameters eliminated the discrete behavioral responses to male and female calls. Together, these parameters may be important features that encode for the sex-specific signal. Recognition of sex by acoustic cues seems to be a multivariate process that depends on the congruency of acoustic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska 68182, USA.
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