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Shu Y, Zou C, Cai Y, He Q, Wu X, Zhu H, Qv M, Chao Y, Xu C, Tang L, Wu X. Vitamin C deficiency induces hypoglycemia and cognitive disorder through S-nitrosylation-mediated activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102420. [PMID: 35969998 PMCID: PMC9399387 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC, l-ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient that plays a key role in metabolism and functions as a potent antioxidant in regulating the S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation of target proteins. The precise function of VC deprivation in glucose homeostasis is still unknown. In the absence of L-gulono-1,4-lactone oxidoreductase, an essential enzyme for the last step of VC synthesis, VC deprivation resulted in persistent hypoglycemia and subsequent impairment of cognitive functions in female but not male mouse pups. The cognitive disorders caused by VC deprivation were largely reversed when these female pups were given glucose. VC deprivation-induced S-nitrosylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) at Cys14, which activated GSK3β and inactivated glycogen synthase to decrease glycogen synthesis and storage under the feeding condition, while VC deprivation inactivated glycogen phosphorylase to decrease glycogenolysis under the fasting condition, ultimately leading to hypoglycemia and cognitive disorders. Treatment with Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, on the other hand, effectively prevented S-nitrosylation and activation of GSK3β in female pups in response to the VC deprivation and reversed hypoglycemia and cognitive disorders. Overall, this research identifies S-nitrosylation of GSK3β and subsequent GSK3β activation as a previously unknown mechanism controlling glucose homeostasis in female pups in response to VC deprivation, implying that VC supplementation in the prevention of hypoglycemia and cognitive disorders should be considered in the certain groups of people, particularly young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yuqing Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qiangqiang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haibin Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Meiyu Qv
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunqi Chao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lanfang Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Fan X, Jiao H, Zhao J, Wang X, Lin H. Lipopolysaccharide impairs mucin secretion and stimulated mucosal immune stress response in respiratory tract of neonatal chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 204:71-78. [PMID: 29203321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The chicken immune system is immature at the time of hatching. The development of the respiratory immune system after hatching is vital to young chicks. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LPS on respiratory mucin and IgA production in chicks. In this study, we selected 7days old AA broilers of similar weigh randomly; LPS atomized at 1mg/kg body weigh dose in the confined space of 1 cubic meter. The chickens exposed for 2h. Then collect samples after 4h and 8h respectively. Compared to control, LPS inhibited mucus production in BALF, caused a rising trend of the concentration of IgA in serum and BALF, and increased the protein expression of IgA in lung tissue. And LPS treat induced a decreasing trend of the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TGF-β and significantly decreased the gene expression of TGF-α and EGFR after 4h. After 8h the LPS suppressed the TGF-β mRNA expression significantly. In addition, LPS treatment stimulated airway epithelial cilia sparse after 4h. Therefore, results proved: LPS can impair mucin expression and stimulated mucosal immune stress reaction of respiratory tract. This study suggested that LPS involved in respiratory tract mucosal immune response in chicks by regulating gene expression of cytokines and epithelial growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
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Popova TG, Teunis A, Vaseghi H, Zhou W, Espina V, Liotta LA, Popov SG. Nitric oxide as a regulator of B. anthracis pathogenicity. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:921. [PMID: 26388860 PMCID: PMC4557104 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key physiological regulator in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It can cause a variety of biological effects by reacting with its targets or/and indirectly inducing oxidative stress. NO can also be produced by bacteria including the pathogenic Bacillus anthracis; however, its role in the infectious process only begins to emerge. NO incapacitates macrophages by S-nitrosylating the intracellular proteins and protects B. anthracis from oxidative stress. It is also implicated in the formation of toxic peroxynitrite. In this study we further assessed the effects of B. anthracis NO produced by the NO synthase (bNOS) on bacterial metabolism and host cells in experiments with the bNOS knockout Sterne strain. The mutation abrogated accumulation of nitrite and nitrate as tracer products of NO in the culture medium and markedly attenuated growth in both aerobic and microaerobic conditions. The regulatory role of NO was also suggested by the abnormally high rate of nitrate denitrification by the mutant in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic regulation mediated by NO was reflected in reduced fermentation of glucose by the mutant correlating with the reduced toxicity of bacteria toward host cells in culture. The toxic effect of NO required permeabilization of the target cells as well as the activity of fermentation-derived metabolite in the conditions of reduced pH. The host cells demonstrated increased phosphorylation of major survivor protein kinase AKT correlating with reduced toxicity of the mutant in comparison with Sterne. Our global proteomic analysis of lymph from the lymph nodes of infected mice harboring bacteria revealed numerous changes in the pattern and levels of proteins associated with the activity of bNOS influencing key cell physiological processes relevant to energy metabolism, growth, signal transduction, stress response, septic shock, and homeostasis. This is the first in vivo observation of the bacterial NO effect on the lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taissia G Popova
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Disease, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA ; Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Allison Teunis
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Haley Vaseghi
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Virginia Espina
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Lance A Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
| | - Serguei G Popov
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Disease, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA USA
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Ko ML, Shi L, Huang CCY, Grushin K, Park SY, Ko GYP. Circadian phase-dependent effect of nitric oxide on L-type voltage-gated calcium channels in avian cone photoreceptors. J Neurochem 2013; 127:314-28. [PMID: 23895452 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in phase-shifting of circadian neuronal activities in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and circadian behavior activity rhythms. In the retina, NO production is increased in a light-dependent manner. While endogenous circadian oscillators in retinal photoreceptors regulate their physiological states, it is not clear whether NO also participates in the circadian regulation of photoreceptors. In this study, we demonstrate that NO is involved in the circadian phase-dependent regulation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (L-VGCCs). In chick cone photoreceptors, the L-VGCCα1 subunit expression and the maximal L-VGCC currents are higher at night, and both Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and Ras-phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) are part of the circadian output pathways regulating L-VGCCs. The NO-cGMP-protein kinase G (PKG) pathway decreases L-VGCCα1 subunit expression and L-VGCC currents at night, but not during the day, and exogenous NO donor or cGMP decreases the phosphorylation of Erk and Akt at night. The protein expression of neural NO synthase (nNOS) is also under circadian control, with both nNOS and NO production being higher during the day. Taken together, NO/cGMP/PKG signaling is involved as part of the circadian output pathway to regulate L-VGCCs in cone photoreceptors. In cone photoreceptors, the protein expression of neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and NO production are under circadian control. NO-cGMP-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling serves in the circadian output pathway to regulate the circadian rhythms of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (L-VGCCs) in part through regulating the phosphorylation states of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and protein kinase B (Akt).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Ko
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Role of ghrelin-induced cSrc activation in modulation of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori. Inflammopharmacology 2011; 19:197-204. [PMID: 21516493 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-011-0083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A peptide hormone, ghrelin, is recognized as an important modulator of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to H. pylori through the regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system. As cSrc kinase plays a major role in transduction of signals that regulate the activity of NOS isozyme system, we investigated the influence of H. pylori LPS on the processes associated with Src activation in gastric mucosal cells. The LPS-induced drop in constitutive (c) cNOS activity and up-regulation in inducible (i) iNOS was associated with the suppression in cSrc kinase activity that was reflected in a decrease in its phosphorylation at Tyr⁴¹⁶. Further, the countering effect of ghrelin on the LPS-induced changes in cSrc activity and the extent of its phosphorylation was accompanied by a marked reduction in the activity of iNOS and an increase in cNOS activation through phosphorylation at Ser¹¹⁷⁹. Moreover, the effect of ghrelin on cSrc activation and its Tyr⁴¹⁶ phosphorylation was associated with the kinase S-nitrosylation that was susceptible to the blockage by cNOS inhibition. Our findings suggest that up-regulation in iNOS with H. pylori infection leads to disturbances in cNOS phosphorylation that exerts the detrimental effect on the processes of cSrc activation through cNOS-mediated S-nitrosylation. We also show that ghrelin attenuation of H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal inflammatory responses involves the enhancement in cSrc activation, elicited by the kinase S-nitrosylation and the increase in its phosphorylation at Tyr⁴¹⁶.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- UMDNJ-NJ Dental School, Research Center C875, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ 07103-2400, USA.
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