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Andrade AC, Borsoi FT, Saliba ASMC, de Alencar SM, Pastore GM, Arruda HS. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity from Araticum Peel Using Response Surface Methodology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2560. [PMID: 39339535 PMCID: PMC11434794 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
The peel represents a significant portion of the araticum fruit (about 40%), which becomes waste after its consumption or processing. Previous studies have shown that the araticum peel is rich in phenolic compounds; however, little is known about the ideal conditions for recovering these compounds. Therefore, response surface methodology, using a central composite rotatable design, was employed to optimize the extraction process to maximize the total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and enhance the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) from araticum peel. The variables optimized were ethanol concentration (EC; 20-80%, v/v), extraction time (ET; 5-45 min), and solid-solvent ratio (SSR; 10-100 mg/mL). Additionally, condensed tannins, antioxidant capacity against synthetic free radicals (TEAC and FRAP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the phenolic compounds profile, were evaluated. Optimum extraction conditions were 50% (v/v) ethanol concentration, 5 min of extraction time, and 10 mg/mL solid-solvent ratio. Under these conditions, experimental TPCs and TEAC values were 70.16 mg GAE/g dw and 667.22 µmol TE/g dw, respectively, comparable with predicted models (68.47 mg GAE/g dw for TPCs and 677.04 µmol TE/g dw for TEAC). A high condensed tannins content (76.49 mg CE/g dw) was also observed and 12 phenolic compounds were identified, predominantly flavonoids (97.77%), including procyanidin B2, epicatechin, and catechin as the major compounds. Moreover, a potent antioxidant activity was observed against synthetic free radicals and ROS, especially in scavenging peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. From this study, we obtained the ideal conditions for recovering phenolic compounds from araticum peel using a simple, fast, sustainable, and effective method, offering a promising opportunity for the management of this plant byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cristina Andrade
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition (DECAN), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Tecchio Borsoi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition (DECAN), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Sofia Martelli Chaib Saliba
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition (DECAN), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silvano Arruda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition (DECAN), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Silva-Rodrigues RCD, Nóbrega-Alves DD, Néris-Andrade P, Oliveira-Barreto J, Benatti-Justino A, Salmen-Espindola F, de-Castro RD, Fechine-Tavares J, Sobral-da-Silva M, Sarmento-Guerra FQ, Cançado-Castellano LR. Antifungal activity of Annona crassiflora Mart. dichloromethane fraction against strains of C. albicans. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e278069. [PMID: 38865564 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.278069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Products derived from medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity are considered a promising alternative in the treatment of fungal infections. In this perspective, this study proposed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the dichloromethane fraction of Annona crassiflora Mart. against C. albicans strains. Tests were carried out to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicide Concentration (MFC), microbial growth kinetics, fungal cell wall and membrane mechanisms of action, antifungal biofilm activity, and cytotoxic effects on human erythrocytes. The extract presented MIC and MFC values that ranged from 256 µg/mL to 1,024 µg/mL, with fungicidal activity in the microbial growth kinetics assay. The mechanism of action did not occur through damage to the cell wall or via binding to ergosterol in the membrane, though the fraction presents activity against biofilm and is not cytotoxic in human erythrocytes. The dichloromethane fraction of Annona crassiflora Mart. presented antifungal activity and reduced biofilm growth, without toxicity against human erythrocytes; however, further studies are needed to define its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C da Silva-Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - D da Nóbrega-Alves
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - P Néris-Andrade
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J Oliveira-Barreto
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Mycologia Clínica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A Benatti-Justino
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Biologia Molecular e Laboratório de Bioquímica, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - F Salmen-Espindola
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Biologia Molecular e Laboratório de Bioquímica, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - R Dias de-Castro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental e Cultura Celular, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J Fechine-Tavares
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M Sobral-da-Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - F Q Sarmento-Guerra
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Mycologia Clínica, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L R Cançado-Castellano
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Escola Técnica de Saúde - ETS, Grupo de Pesquisa e Estudo de Imunologia Humana, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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3
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Fernandes Almeida R, Ferreira Moreno I, Paula Oliveira Machado A, Angela A Meireles M, Karla Figueira da Silva L, Augusto Caldas Batista E. Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.): A critical review for the food industry. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114241. [PMID: 38609221 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This review aimed to critically and comparatively analyze the physicochemical, proximate, nutritional, phytochemical composition, and bioactivities of araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) (AAc), a fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado. Additionally, the potential applications of this fruit in the food industry were reviewed. Data and information were collected from the Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. AAc, a fruit mainly studied in the Brazilian regions of Minas Gerais and Goiás, has well-documented physicochemical, proximate, and nutritional characteristics. It is rich in fiber, sugars, vitamins A and C, minerals, and oil, making it attractive to the food industry. However, there are research gaps, such as the impact of climatic conditions on the AAc chemical composition. Additional studies are needed, especially for the peel and seeds, and investigations of pre-treatments effect on the chemical composition are recommended. The application of AAc in food products is mainly limited to pulp, but there is potential for using peels and seeds. AAc is a rich source of phytochemical compounds with various biological properties, such as antioxidants, hepatoprotective, and antimicrobial activities. Future studies should explore other phytochemicals present in the fruit beyond phenolic compounds. The consumption of AAc can contribute to combating food insecurity malnutrition, and promoting the conservation of the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fernandes Almeida
- Departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ferreira Moreno
- Departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Oliveira Machado
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia, 47808-006 Barreiras, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Angela A Meireles
- Departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lilian Karla Figueira da Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia, 47808-006 Barreiras, BA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Augusto Caldas Batista
- Departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Komino EA, Ramos LPA, de Souza AV, Caixeta DC, Bittar VP, Borges AL, Botelho FV, Espindola FS, Justino AB. Annona crassiflora Mart. Fruit Peel Polyphenols Preserve Cardiac Antioxidant Defense and Reduce Oxidative Damage in Hyperlipidemic Mice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112097. [PMID: 37297342 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia and oxidative stress are directly related to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Annona crassiflora Mart. (ACM) has been traditionally used in folk medicine to alleviate inflammation and pain. This plant is rich in polyphenols, which exhibit high antioxidant capacity. The present study aimed to elucidate the antioxidant properties of ACM in the heart of hyperlipidemic mice. The animals were orally administered either a crude ethanol extract (CEAc) or a polyphenols-rich fraction (PFAc) obtained from ACM fruit peel. There were correlations between blood and fecal biochemical data with cardiac oxidative stress biomarkers. Here, the pre-treatment with CEAc for 12 d led to an increase in glutathione content (GSH) and a reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, PFAc was found to enhance the total antioxidant capacity as well as GSH, SOD and CAT activities, which were reduced by Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemia. Moreover, the administration of PFAc before the treatment resulted in a decrease in protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation levels, as well as a reduction in the activities of glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. ACM fruit peel showed improvement in the glutathione system, mainly its polyphenols-rich fraction, indicating a potential cardioprotective antioxidant usage of this plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Akemi Komino
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Letícia Pereira Afonso Ramos
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriele Vieira de Souza
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Douglas Carvalho Caixeta
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Prado Bittar
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Borges
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Françoise Vasconcelos Botelho
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre s/n, Bloco 2E, Uberlândia 38400-319, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil
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Arruda HS, Borsoi FT, Andrade AC, Pastore GM, Marostica Junior MR. Scientific Advances in the Last Decade on the Recovery, Characterization, and Functionality of Bioactive Compounds from the Araticum Fruit ( Annona crassiflora Mart.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1536. [PMID: 37050162 PMCID: PMC10097317 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) is a native and endemic species to Brazilian Cerrado whose fruits have high sensorial, nutritional, bioactive, and economic potential. Its use in local folk medicine, associated with recent scientific findings, has attracted growing interest from different industrial sectors. Therefore, understanding the scientific advances achieved so far and identifying gaps to be filled is essential to direct future studies and transform accumulated knowledge into innovative technologies and products. In this review, we summarize the phytochemical composition, bioactivities, and food products from araticum fruit that have been reported in the scientific literature over the past 10 years. The compiled data showed that araticum fruit parts contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, particularly phenolic compounds, alkaloids, annonaceous acetogenins, carotenoids, phytosterols, and tocols. These phytochemicals contribute to different biological activities verified in araticum fruit extracts/fractions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antidyslipidemic, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, healing of the cutaneous wound, antibacterial, and insecticide effects. Despite the promising findings, further studies-particularly toxicological (especially, with byproducts), pre-clinical, and clinical trials-must be conducted to confirm these biological effects in humans and assure the safety and well-being of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Silvano Arruda
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil; (F.T.B.); (A.C.A.)
- Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Tecchio Borsoi
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil; (F.T.B.); (A.C.A.)
| | - Amanda Cristina Andrade
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil; (F.T.B.); (A.C.A.)
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- Bioflavors and Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil; (F.T.B.); (A.C.A.)
| | - Mario Roberto Marostica Junior
- Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
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Santos PD, Vieira TN, Gontijo Couto AC, Mesquita Luiz JP, Lopes Saraiva AL, Borges Linhares CR, Barbosa MF, Justino AB, Franco RR, da Silva Brum E, Oliveira SM, Dechichi P, Pivatto M, de Melo Rodrigues Ávila V, Espíndola FS, Silva CR. Stephalagine, an aporphinic alkaloid with therapeutic effects in acute gout arthritis in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115291. [PMID: 35427727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gout is an inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals (MSU) in the joints, leading to severe pain and inflammation. Stephalagine is a Brazilian Savanna aporphine alkaloid isolated from Annona crassiflora Mart. Fruit peel, that has been popularly used to treat rheumatism and have been described with antinociceptive properties. However, no studies evaluated the possible therapeutic properties of stephalagine in arthritic pain. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the possible antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of stephalagine in an acute gout attack in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male wild type C57BL/6/J/UFU mice (20-25 g) were used (process number 018/17). The treated group received stephalagine (1 mg/kg, by gavage) and the vehicle group received saline (10 mL/kg, by gavage), both 1 h before the MSU crystals (100 μg/ankle joint) administration. All groups were analyzed for mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, overt pain-like behaviors, and edema development at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after injections. Synovial fluid and the ankle articulation from the injected joint were collected 4 h after administrations for myeloperoxidase enzyme activity, IL-1β measurement, and histological analysis. RESULTS Stephalagine had a significant antinociceptive effect on mechanical allodynia, when compared to vehicle group at 2-24 h after intra-articular injection of MSU and 2 h for spontaneous and cold thermal sensitivity. Stephalagine was also able to significantly reduce the articular edema (45 ± 1%), the activity of the myeloperoxidase enzyme (37 ± 6%), and IL-1β levels (43 ± 3%). The histological analysis confirms that stephalagine dramatically reduced the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells (75 ± 6%) in MSU injected animals. Also, stephalagine treatment did not alter the uric acid levels, xanthine oxidase activity, AST and ALT activities, urea and creatinine levels, neither cause any macroscopic changes in the mice's weight, deformations, changes in the coat, or feces. CONCLUSION Stephalagine may be an alternative for the management of gout, once it was able to induce antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects without causing adverse effects on the evaluated parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Dias Santos
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil.
| | - Thiago Neves Vieira
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Gontijo Couto
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - João Paulo Mesquita Luiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, (SP), Brazil
| | - André Luis Lopes Saraiva
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Marília Fontes Barbosa
- Nucleus of Research on Bioactive Compounds (NPCBio), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Evelyne da Silva Brum
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, (RS), Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, (RS), Brazil
| | - Paula Dechichi
- Department of Cellular Biology, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Marcos Pivatto
- Nucleus of Research on Bioactive Compounds (NPCBio), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Veridiana de Melo Rodrigues Ávila
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espíndola
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil
| | - Cássia Regina Silva
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, (MG), Brazil.
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Liu C, Zheng X, Liu L, Hu Y, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Wang H, Gu EW, Yang Z, Xu G. Caloric Restriction Alleviates CFA-Induced Inflammatory Pain via Elevating β-Hydroxybutyric Acid Expression and Restoring Autophagic Flux in the Spinal Cord. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:828278. [PMID: 35573301 PMCID: PMC9096081 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.828278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pain is the most common type of pain encountered in clinical practice; however, the currently available treatments are limited by insufficient efficacy and side effects. Therefore, new methods to relieve inflammatory pain targeting new mechanisms are urgently needed. Preclinical investigations have shown that CR (calorie restriction) exerts analgesic effects in neuropathic and cancer pain; however, the effect of CR on chronic inflammatory pain remains unknown. During calorie restriction, autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradation process, can be activated to support cell survival. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic effects of CR on complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain. The accumulation of LC3-II and p62 showed impaired autophagic flux in the ipsilateral spinal cord of mice with CFA-induced inflammatory pain. CR alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and reduced paw edema and pro-inflammatory factors following CFA administration. CR exerted an analgesic effect by restoring autophagic flux in the spinal cord. Regarding the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of CR, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) was studied. CR increased BHB levels in the ipsilateral spinal cord. Furthermore, exogenous BHB administration exerted an analgesic effect by restoring autophagic flux in the spinal cords of CFA-induced inflammatory pain mice. Taken together, these results illustrated that CR relieved inflammatory pain by restoring autophagic flux in the spinal cord, while BHB controlled the benefits of CR, suggesting that CR or BHB might be a promising treatment for inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoting Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Qianyun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Er-wei Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilai Yang,
| | - Guanghong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
- Guanghong Xu,
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8
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de Moura FBR, Ferreira BA, Muniz EH, Justino AB, Silva AG, Santos RDA, Gomide JAL, Ribeiro RIMDA, Ribeiro DL, Araújo FDA, Espindola FS, Tomiosso TC. Topic use of Annona crassiflora Mart. contributes to wound healing due to the antioxidant and proliferative effects of fibroblasts. Injury 2022; 53:844-857. [PMID: 34920876 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Annona crassiflora Mart. is a species native to the Cerrado biome, whose fruit is known as araticum or marolo. Plant parts are widely used in folk medicine to treat inflammation and pain associated with rheumatism, wounds, venereal diseases, snakebites, and microbial infections. Thus, we investigated a fraction rich in phenolic compounds (PCAc) obtained from the crude extract of the peel of these fruits on non-cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and collagen biosynthesis properties in the healing of wounds induced on the back of BALB/c mice. For the control group, the induced wounds were not treated and for the others, wounds were treated topically with vehicle or vehicle plus PCAc. Both fractions contained in PCAc demonstrated effective protection on fibroblasts. We highlight the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction which, in addition to the protective effect, has a proliferative activity on these cells. In addition, PCAc caused improvement in healing after 7 days of treatment and in the longest period of treatment with PCAc (7, 14, and 21 days) there was a greater contraction of the wound, accompanied by resolution of the inflammatory process, antioxidant defense, increasing collagen synthesis, and modulation of metalloproteinases. PCAc demonstrated better re-epithelialization and organization of the dermis at the end of treatment. The changes promoted by the phenolic compounds of A. crassiflora were important in the healing process, especially in activities related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francyelle Borges Rosa de Moura
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil; Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Antonio Ferreira
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil
| | - Elusca Helena Muniz
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Gabriela Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis-MG, Brazil
| | - Rinara de Almeida Santos
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniele Lisboa Ribeiro
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Assis Araújo
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Biotechnology Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38405-319 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Carla Tomiosso
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia-MG, Brazil; Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas-SP, Brazil.
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Fontes Barbosa M, Benatti Justino A, Machado Martins M, Roberta Anacleto Belaz K, Barbosa Ferreira F, Junio de Oliveira R, Danuello A, Salmen Espindola F, Pivatto M. Cholinesterase inhibitors assessment of aporphine alkaloids from Annona crassiflora and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramos LPA, Justino AB, Tavernelli N, Saraiva AL, Franco RR, de Souza AV, Silva HCG, de Moura FBR, Botelho FV, Espindola FS. Antioxidant compounds from Annona crassiflora fruit peel reduce lipid levels and oxidative damage and maintain the glutathione defense in hepatic tissue of Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112049. [PMID: 34426250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of several diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to interfering with serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, hyperlipidemia is involved in oxidative stress increase and reduction of the endogenous antioxidant defenses. The fruit peel of Annona crassiflora crude extract (CEAc) and its polyphenols-rich fraction (PFAc) were investigated against hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hepatic oxidative stress in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Lipid parameters in serum, feces and liver, as well as hepatic oxidative status, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems were analyzed. Pre-treatment with CEAc for 12 days decreased hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol, and similar to PFAc, increased the high-density lipoprotein level. There were reductions in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, as well as restoration of the glutathione defense system and total thiol content in the liver of the hyperlipidemic mice treated with PFAc. The fruit peel of A. crassiflora, a promising natural source of bioactive molecules, showed a potential lipid-lowering action and hepatoprotective activities triggered by reduction of oxidative damage and maintenance of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems impaired by the hyperlipidemic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Pereira Afonso Ramos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Natália Tavernelli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Adriele Vieira de Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cappato Guerra Silva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Françoise Vasconcelos Botelho
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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Red Ginger Oil Affects COX-2 and NMDAR Expression During Inflammatory- or Neuropathy-Induced Chronic Pain in Mice. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic pain treatment until now is still challenging because of its complex pathopgysiology. Previously, red ginger oil (RGO) reduced pain behavior in a mouse model of chronic pain, but the mechanisms were unclear. Objectives: This study examined the effect of RGO on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) using inflammatory- or neuropathy-induced chronic pain in mice. Methods: Red ginger was distilled with composition 1:2 using water. The acute toxicity of RGO was evaluated using OECD guidelines 423. Chronic pain was induced in 48 mice by either (1) intraplantar injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) (inflammatory group) or (2) partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) (neuropathy group). After seven days, mice were randomly divided into sham, CFA/PSNL, or RGO (at doses of 100, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg) treatment groups. Treatments were given orally once daily until day 14. On day 15, mice were euthanized, and the brains and spinal cords were removed and fixed in 10% formalin. Hyperalgesia behavior was evaluated using hot plate test. Spinal cord morphology was analyzed via hematoxylin and eosin staining. COX-2 and NMDAR expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: RGO treatment improved spinal cord morphology after the induction of chronic pain. RGO at 600 mg/kg also reduced COX-2 expression in the spinal cord and brain, and reduced NMDAR2B in the spinal cord. However, RGO at 600 mg/kg increased NMDAR2A expression in the spinal cord. Conclusions: RGO administration diminished hyperalgesia in chronic pain models through inhibition of COX-2 and NMDAR2B.
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Potential Therapeutic Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Dihydroflavones, Flavones, and Flavonols. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25041017. [PMID: 32102475 PMCID: PMC7070238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25041017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation, circulating immune cell activation, and endothelial cell damage play a critical role in vascular pathogenesis. Flavonoids have shown anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of different flavonoids on the production of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL) 1β, 6, and 8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in peripheral blood cells. Methods: We studied the whole blood from 36 healthy donors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated (0.5 μg/mL) whole-blood aliquots were incubated in the presence or absence of different concentrations of quercetin, rutin, naringenin, naringin, diosmetin, and diosmin for 6 h. Cultures were centrifuged and the supernatant was collected in order to measure IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 production using specific immunoassay techniques. This production was significantly inhibited by quercetin, naringenin, naringin, and diosmetin, but in no case by rutin or diosmin. Flavonoids exert different effects, maybe due to the differences between aglycons and glucosides present in their chemical structures. However, these studies suggest that quercetin, naringenin, naringin, and diosmetin could have a potential therapeutic effect in the inflammatory process of cardiovascular disease.
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