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Yang Z, Luo Y, Chen F, Qi M, Luo R, Li Y, Wang Y. Exploring the Co-Occurrence of Depressive Symptoms and Aggression among Chinese Adolescents: Patterns and Stability. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02028-0. [PMID: 38877364 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms and aggression frequently occur together, and this co-occurrence may result in more severe developmental problems. However, it is unclear if there are distinct patterns of co-occurrence. This study investigated the co-occurrence patterns of depressive symptoms and aggression, and examined their stability and demographic characteristics. A total of 1010 Chinese adolescents (50.6% girls; mean age at T1 = 12.54 years, SD = 0.42) participated in annual surveys over three years (2019-2021). Three different patterns of co-occurrence were found except for the normal group: depression-dominant co-occurrence (13.6%), aggression-dominant co-occurrence (3.2%), and moderate co-occurrence (6.0%) (T1). In these co-occurrence patterns, adolescents classified as aggression-dominant co-occurrence exhibited the most instability and frequent changes, while adolescents classified as depression-dominant co-occurrence exhibited the most stability. Boys or younger adolescents were more likely to exhibit the aggression-dominant co-occurrence, while girls or older adolescents were more likely to exhibit the depression-dominant co-occurrence. The findings indicate that the co-occurrence patterns observed are distinct and are dominated by aggression or depression, which implies the need for targeted intervention practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Luo
- School of education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fumei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Shenzhen Guangming District Institute of Education Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Akman H, Serdengeçti N, Yavuz M, Kadak MT, Ercan O, Doğangün B. Attachment and comorbid anxiety in ADHD. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:368-380. [PMID: 37747351 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231204052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety comorbidity is quite common in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). What is known about the relationship between anxiety, attachment and emotion regulation in such children is still limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between attachment, emotion regulation and comorbid anxiety in children with ADHD. 100 children with ADHD and 100 children without any diagnosis aged 8-13 years were included. After the participants were clinically evaluated, Turgay ADHD Scale, Emotion Regulation Checklist, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS-CV) and Kerns' Security Scale were completed. According to the RCADS-CV scores, ADHD/ANX(+), ADHD/ANX(-), and control groups were formed. The emotional lability/negativity levels were higher in the ADHD groups compared to the non-ADHD controls. Paternal and maternal attachment security levels were lower in the ADHD/ANX(+) group compared to the controls. The regression analysis indicated that higher hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom levels and lower maternal attachment quality were associated with higher anxiety in children with ADHD. These results suggest that focusing on attachment quality and emotion regulation problems may be significant in management of core symptoms and comorbid anxiety problems in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazal Akman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nihal Serdengeçti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mesut Yavuz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Tayyib Kadak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Ercan
- Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Doğangün
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bürgin D, Witt A, Seker S, d'Huart D, Meier M, Jenkel N, Boonmann C, Schmeck K, Fegert JM, Schmid M. Childhood maltreatment and mental health problems in a 10-year follow-up study of adolescents in youth residential care: A latent transition analysis. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37990404 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment and mental health problems are common among young people placed out-of-home. However, evidence on the impact of maltreatment on the course of mental health problems in at-risk populations is sparse. The aim of this longitudinal study is twofold: (a) describe the course of mental health problems and the shift in symptom patterns among adolescents in youth residential care into young adulthood and (b) assess how childhood maltreatment is related to the course of mental health problems. One hundred and sixty-six adolescents in Swiss youth residential care were followed up into young adulthood (36.1% women; MAge-Baseline = 16.1 years; MAge-Follow-Up = 26.4 years). Latent transition analysis was employed to analyze transitions of symptom patterns and their association with maltreatment exposure. We found three latent classes of mental health problems: a "multiproblem"-class (51.8% baseline; 33.7% follow-up), a "low symptom"-class (39.2% baseline; 60.2% follow-up), and an "externalizing"-class (9.0% baseline; 6.0% follow-up). Individuals in the "multiproblem"-class were likely to transition towards less-complex symptom patterns. Higher severity of self-reported childhood maltreatment was associated with more complex and persistent mental health problems. Our study underlines the need for collaboration between residential and psychiatric care systems within and after care placements, with a specialized focus on trauma-informed interventions and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bürgin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Witt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Services Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Süheyla Seker
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delfine d'Huart
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Meier
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Nils Jenkel
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Boonmann
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - LUMC Curium, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Schmeck
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marc Schmid
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bellamy NA, Salekin RT, Makol BA, Augenstein TM, De Los Reyes A. The Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder - Parent (PSCD-P): Convergent Validity, Incremental Validity, and Reactions to Unfamiliar Peer Confederates. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023:10.1007/s10802-023-01056-x. [PMID: 37097378 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Youth who experience psychopathy display multiple impairments across interpersonal (grandiose-manipulative [GM]), affective (callous-unemotional [CU]), lifestyle (daring-impulsive [DI]), and potentially antisocial and behavioral features. Recently, it has been acknowledged that the inclusion of psychopathic features can offer valuable information in relation to the etiology of Conduct Disorder (CD). Yet, prior work largely focuses on the affective component of psychopathy, namely CU. This focus creates uncertainty in the literature on the incremental value of a multicomponent approach to understanding CD-linked domains. Consequently, researchers developed the Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD; Salekin & Hare, 2016) as a multicomponent approach to assess GM, CU, and DI features in combination with CD symptoms. The notion of considering the wider set of psychopathic features for CD specification requires testing whether multiple personality dimensions predict domain-relevant criterion outcomes above-and-beyond a CU-based approach. Thus, we tested the psychometric properties of parents' reports on the PSCD (PSCD-P) in a mixed clinical/community sample of 134 adolescents (Mage = 14.49, 66.4% female). Confirmatory factor analyses resulted in a 19-item PSCD-P displaying acceptable reliability estimates and a bifactor solution consisting of GM, CU, DI, and CD factors. Findings supported the incremental validity of scores taken from the PSCD-P across multiple criterion variables, including (a) an established survey measure of parent-adolescent conflict; and (b) trained independent observers' ratings of adolescents' behavioral reactions to laboratory controlled tasks designed to simulate social interactions with unfamiliar peers. These findings have important implications for future research on the PSCD and links to adolescents' interpersonal functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Bellamy
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Randall T Salekin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Bridget A Makol
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Tara M Augenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andres De Los Reyes
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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Co-occurrence, stability and manifestation of child and adolescent mental health problems: a latent transition analysis. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:267. [PMID: 36376939 PMCID: PMC9664619 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex constellations of socio-emotional and behavioural problems (i.e., mental health problems) in childhood and adolescence are common and heighten the risk for subsequent personality, anxiety and mood disorders in adulthood. Aims of this study included the examination of patterns of mental health problems (e.g., externalizing-internalizing co-occurrence) and their transitions to reported mental disorders by using a longitudinal person-centered approach (latent class and latent transition analysis). Methods The sample consisted of 1255 children and adolescents (51.7% female, mean age = 12.3 years, age range 8–26 years) from three time points of the comprehensive mental health and wellbeing BELLA study. Children and their parents completed the German SDQ (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, Goodman, 1997) and reported on diagnoses of ADHD, depression, and anxiety. Results Latent class analysis identified a normative class, an emotional problem class, and a multiple problem class. According to latent transition analysis, the majority of the sample (91.6%) did not change latent class membership over time; 14.7% of individuals showed a persistent pattern of mental health problems. Diagnoses of mental disorders were more likely to be reported by individuals in the emotional problem or multiple problem class.
Conclusions Results highlight the need for early prevention of mental health problems to avoid accumulation and manifestation in the transition to adolescence and young adulthood.
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