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Andreescu M, Frîncu F, Plotogea M, Mehedințu C. Recurrent Abortion and the Involvement of Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) Genes, Activated T Cells, NK Abnormalities, and Cytokine Profiles. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041355. [PMID: 36835892 PMCID: PMC9968158 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune tolerance at the feto-maternal interface is crucial for the growth of the semi-allograft fetus in the womb. The outcome of pregnancy is dependent on a fine balance between various immunological forces. For a long time, the potential role of the immune system in pregnancy disorders has remained enigmatic. Current evidence has revealed that natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant immune cell population in the uterine decidua. NK cells cooperate with T-cells to provide an optimal microenvironment for the growth of the developing fetus by producing cytokines, chemokines, and angiogenic factors. These factors support trophoblast migration and angiogenesis which regulates the process of placentation. NK cells differentiate between "self" and "non-self" through their surface receptors known as killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). They induce immune tolerance through communication via their KIR and fetal human leucocyte antigens (HLA). KIRs are surface receptors of NKs that comprise both activating and inhibiting receptors. Due to the wide diversity manifested by its genes, the KIR repertoire is different in each individual. Significant evidence has implicated KIRs in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA); however, maternal KIR gene diversity in RSA is still unclear. Research has shown that immunological aberrancies including activating KIRs, NK abnormalities, and T cell downregulation are risk factors for RSA. In this review, we discuss relevant data from experimental studies on NK cell abnormalities, KIR, and T-cells in the incidence of recurrent spontaneous abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Andreescu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Bucharest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesca Frîncu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 01171 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (F.F.)
| | - Mihaela Plotogea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nicolae Malaxa Clinical Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudia Mehedințu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 01171 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Stefańska K, Tomaszewicz M, Dębska-Zielkowska J, Zamkowska D, Piekarska K, Sakowska J, Studziński M, Tymoniuk B, Adamski P, Jassem-Bobowicz J, Wydra P, Leszczyńska K, Świątkowska-Stodulska R, Kwiatkowski S, Preis K, Trzonkowski P, Marek-Trzonkowska N, Zieliński M. KIR- Ligand Interactions in Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868175. [PMID: 35911739 PMCID: PMC9336683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothesis The activity of natural killer (NK) cells is considered an important factor for the tolerance of the fetus during pregnancy. The complications of pregnancy, such as hypertensive disorders (HDP), may be therefore associated with this immune compartment. Methods The current study included 41 pregnant women diagnosed with HDPs (Gestational Hypertension; GH or Preeclampsia; PE) and 21 healthy women. All the patients were under continuous obstetric care during the pregnancy and labour. The number of mother-child mismatches within killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), their ligands [MM], and missing KIR ligands [MSLs] was assessed. KIRs and their ligands were assessed with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) typing. The subsets of NK cells were assessed with multicolor flow cytometry and correlated to the number of MSLs. Results The number of MSLs was significantly higher in HDP patients when compared to healthy non-complicated pregnancy patients. Some MSLs, such as those with 2DS2 activating KIR, were present only in HDP patients. The percentage of CD56+CD16-CD94+ NK cells and CD56+CD16-CD279+ NK cells correlated with the number of MSLs with inhibiting KIRs only in healthy patients. In HDP patients, there was a correlation between the percentage of CD56-CD16+CD69+ NK cells and the number of MSLs with inhibiting and activating KIRs. As compared to the healthy group, the percentage of CD56+CD16-CD279+ NK cells and CD56-CD16+CD279+ NK cells were lower in HDP patients. HDP patients were also characterized by a higher percentage of CD56+CD16+perforin+ NK cells than their healthy counterparts. Conclusions Patients with HDP were characterized by a higher number of MSLs within the KIRs receptors. It seemed that the number of MSLs in the healthy group was balanced by various receptors, such as CD94 or inhibitory CD279, expressed on NK cells. Conversely, in HDP patients the number of MSLs was associated with the activation detected as the increased level of CD69+ NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stefańska
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martyna Tomaszewicz
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Martyna Tomaszewicz,
| | - Joanna Dębska-Zielkowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dorota Zamkowska
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Piekarska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Sakowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maciej Studziński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bogusław Tymoniuk
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Przemysław Adamski
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jassem-Bobowicz
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Wydra
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Renata Świątkowska-Stodulska
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Preis
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science Cancer Immunology Group, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maciej Zieliński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Alexandrova M, Manchorova D, Dimova T. Immunity at maternal-fetal interface: KIR/HLA (Allo)recognition. Immunol Rev 2022; 308:55-76. [PMID: 35610960 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both KIR and HLA are the most variable gene families in the human genome. The recognition of the semi-allogeneic embryo-derived trophoblasts by maternal decidual NK (dNK) cells is essential for the establishment of the functional placenta. This recognition is based on the KIR-HLA interactions and trophoblast expresses a specific HLA profile that constitutes classical polymorphic HLA-C and non-classical oligomorphic HLA-E, HLA-F, and HLA-G molecules. This review highlights some features of the KIR/HLA-C (allo)recognition by decidual NK (dNK) cells as a main immune cell population specifically enriched at maternal-fetal interface during human early pregnancy. How KIR/HLA-C axis operates in pregnancy disorders and in the context of transplacental infections is discussed as well. We summarized old and new data on dNK-cell functional plasticity, their selective expression of KIR and fetal maternal/paternal HLA-C haplotypes present. Results showed that KIR-HLA-C combinations and the corresponding axis operate differently in each pregnancy, determined by the variability of both maternal KIR haplotypes and fetus' maternal/paternal HLA-C allotype combinations. Moreover, the maturation of NK cells strongly depends on if or not HLA allotypes for certain KIR are present. We suggest that the unique KIR/HLA combinations reached in each pregnancy (normal and pathological) should be studied according to well-defined guidelines and unified methodologies to have comparable results ease to interpret and use in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Alexandrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Manchorova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Feizollahi P, Payandeh M, Samimi Z, Shahrokhvand SZ, Rezaei M, Mahdizadeh B, Taghadosi M. The association between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor-ligand (KIR-L) and breast cancer risk among the Kermanshahi women. Meta Gene 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Orgul G, Dalva K, Dalva-Aydemir S, Alniacik RG, Donmez HG, Cakar AN, Beksac M, Beksac MS. Significance of inhibitory maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations in placenta related obstetric complications. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103425. [PMID: 34607283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Some maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and fetal KIR ligand genotypes are associated with obstetric complications, such as recurrent miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. However, how KIR/KIR ligand genotypes affect these placenta-related obstetric complications has not been fully understood. We aimed to demonstrate the association of maternal KIR-fetal KIR ligand genotype combinations with immunological/metabolic risk factor associated placenta-related obstetric complications. This study consisted of three groups of pregnant women: 1) Miscarriage group (n = 30), 2) Complicated Pregnancy (CP) group (n = 30), and 3) Control group (n = 30). The observed maternal genotype frequencies of all inhibitory and activating KIRs were similar in all groups (p > 0.05). However, inhibitory 2DL3 was quite frequent in the miscarriage group (p = 0.052). There was no difference between groups in terms of centromeric and telomeric maternal haplotypes (p > 0.05). The fetal group 1 HLA-C genotype was frequently detected in the miscarriage and CP groups with rates of 83.3 % and 93.3 % respectively, while the observed frequency was 70 % in the control group. The fetal group 2 HLA-C genotype was the same in all groups. The results demonstrated significantly less fetal group 2 HLA-C homozygosity in the CP groups when compared to the control group (p = 0.020). The fetal HLA-Bw4 genotype was detected more frequently in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.028 and p = 0.001, respectively). The inhibitory KIR/KIR ligand genotype combinations of 2DL3-C1 and 3DL1-Bw4 were more frequent in the miscarriage and CP groups (p = 0.045 and p = 0.002, respectively). Enhanced NK cell inhibition may be one of the mechanisms underlying placenta-related obstetric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Orgul
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
| | - Klara Dalva
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Cakar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Meral Beksac
- Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
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Yang X, Meng T. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor/human leukocyte antigen-C combination and 'great obstetrical syndromes' (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1178. [PMID: 34504623 PMCID: PMC8394021 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), pre-eclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and preterm delivery are examples of 'great obstetrical syndromes' (GOS). Placental dysfunction is the most common pathogenesis of GOS. In human pregnancies, the effects of uterine natural killer cells involve angiogenesis, promoting the remodeling of uterine spiral artery, and improving the invasion of trophoblast cells. The uNK cells supply killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which come into contact with human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) ligands expressed by extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs). Numerous studies have investigated the association between GOS and KIR/HLA-C combination. However, the outcomes have not been conclusive. The present review aimed to reveal the association between GOS and KIR/HLA-C combination to screen out high-risk pregnancies, strengthen the treatment of pregnancy complications, and reduce the frequency of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. It has been reported that a female with a KIR AA genotype and a neonate with a paternal HLA-C2 molecule is more prone to develop GOS and have a small fetus since less cytokines were secreted by uNK cells. Conversely, the combination of KIR BB haplotype (including the activating KIR2DS1) and HLA-C2 can induce the production of cytokines and increase trophoblast invasion, leading to the birth of a large fetus. KIR/HLA-C combinations may be applicable in selecting third-party gametes or surrogates. Detection of maternal KIR genes and HLA-C molecules from the couple could serve as useful markers for predicting and diagnosing GOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Legaz I, Bolarín JM, Navarro E, Campillo JA, Moya R, Pérez-Cárceles MD, Luna A, Osuna E, Miras M, Muro M, Minguela A, Alvarez López R. KIR2DL2/S2 and KIR2DS5 in alcoholic cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:764-774. [PMID: 34025847 PMCID: PMC8130473 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The molecular mechanisms underlying alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are not completely understood. Hepatic fibrosis involves the interplay of diverse cells and factors, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer, NK cells, and T-lymphocyte subsets. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are membrane receptors involved in mediation between NK and activated HSCs, regulating NK cell function through their interaction with HLA-I molecules. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic association between KIR genes and the susceptibility to or protection from alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) in a cohort of male AC patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) with and without concomitant viral infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS KIR genotyping was performed in nuclear DNA extracted from 281 AC patients and compared with 319 male controls. RESULTS Significant differences between total AC patients and healthy controls were only found in the case of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5. KIR2DL2 was significantly underrepresented in non-viral AC patients (52.6% vs. 63.3%; p = 0.015), while patients heterozygous for KIR2DL2 were also underrepresented in the non-viral AC group compared with controls (p = 0.034). KIR2DS5 was overrepresented in this group compared with healthy controls (p = 0.002). All these observations were only evident in AC patients older than 54 years old. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a contrary effect of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5 in AC patients older than 54 years, in whom the presence of KIR2DL2 appears to be protective against AC, whereas the presence of KIR2DS5 seems to promote the fibrotic process, particularly in patients with no associated viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Legaz
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Research Institute on Ageing, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Miguel Bolarín
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro
- Digestive Medicine Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Campillo
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa Moya
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Pérez-Cárceles
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Research Institute on Ageing, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Luna
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Osuna
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Research Institute on Ageing, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Miras
- Digestive Medicine Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Rocio Alvarez López
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
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Mansour L, Alkhuriji A, Babay ZA, Alqadheeb S, Al-Khulaifi F, Al-Talhi R, Alomar S. Association of Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Ligand with Recurrent Abortion in Saudi Women. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:78-84. [PMID: 31999488 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study was designed to determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-C) genes are associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Saudi women. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five healthy women with a history of RSA (three or more spontaneous abortions) and 65 healthy controls (with two or more healthy-born children) living in Riyadh were typed for 17 KIR genes and the HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 allotypes using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer methodology. Results: The frequencies of KIR2DS2 and KIR2DL5A were significantly lower among RSA women compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.17; p < 0.001; OR = 0.16; p < 0.001, respectively). No association with maternal HLA-C genotypes was observed. Analysis of KIR-HLA-C combinations indicated a protective effect of KIR2DS2 with its cognate HLA-C1 ligand in both homozygote or heterozygote combinations. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the KIR genes of the B haplotype may play an important role in ensuring the success of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamjed Mansour
- Doping Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah Alkhuriji
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeneb Ahmed Babay
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alqadheeb
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadwa Al-Khulaifi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Al-Talhi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Alomar
- Doping Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yang X, Yang E, Wang WJ, He Q, Jubiz G, Katukurundage D, Dambaeva S, Beaman K, Kwak-Kim J. Decreased HLA-C1 alleles in couples of KIR2DL2 positive women with recurrent pregnancy loss. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 142:103186. [PMID: 32846355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Specific killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and HLA ligands in couples invoke a susceptibility to RPL. However, the relationship between KIR2DL2 and its cognate ligand HLA-C1 has not been explored. In this prospective cohort study, 160 Caucasian women with RPL and 99 partners were included. KIR/HLA-C typing, NK assay, Th1/Th2 intracellular cytokine ratios, 25-(OH)-vitamin D level, and the presence of autoantibodies were analyzed. KIR2DL2 positive women (P = 0.023) and their partners (P = 0.017) had lower allele frequencies of HLA-C1 than those of KIR2DL2 negative women. KIR2DL2 positive women had significantly lower genotype frequency of HLA-C1C1 as compared to the North American Caucasian population controls (P < 0.05). In the partners of KIR2DL2 positive women, there was a substantially higher frequency of HLA-C2C2 than controls (P = 0.016). Besides, KIR2DL2 negative women had a higher prevalence of anti-ssDNA antibody as compared with that of KIR2DL2 positive women (P = 0.043). There were no differences in the distribution of HLA-C genotypes based on KIR2DL2, regardless of pregnancy outcome in women with RPL and their partners while on immunomodulation treatment. In conclusion, decreased ligands for inhibitory KIRs (inhKIR) could lead to insufficient inhibition of maternal uterine NK cells toward the trophoblast, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of RPL. Specific KIR and HLA-C genotyping may predict the reproductive outcome of women with RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yang
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA; Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ellen Yang
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Qiaohua He
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Giovanni Jubiz
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Dimantha Katukurundage
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Svetlana Dambaeva
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth Beaman
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, 60061, IL, USA; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, 60064, IL, USA.
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Akbari S, Shahsavar F, Karami R, Yari F, Anbari K, Ahmadi SAY. Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (RSA) and Maternal KIR Genes: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:197-213. [PMID: 32049474 PMCID: PMC7169921 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20190067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NKs) are the most important cells in the fetomaternal immune tolerance induced through interaction of maternal killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and fetal human leucocyte antigens (HLA). Hence, we intend to perform a meta-analysis on the role of maternal KIR genes diversity in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The present paper is a meta-analysis of previous genetic association studies and our previous original study. The results showed that KIR3DL1 was a significantly protecting factor for RSA (p=0.044; OR=0.833 [0.698-0.995]; fixed effect model). KIR2DS2 (p=0.034; OR=1.195 [1.013-1.408]; fixed effect model) and KIR2DS3 (p=0.013; OR=1.246 [1.047-1.483]; fixed effect model) were significantly risk factors for RSA. For KIR2DS1 there was a high heterogeneity and publication bias. Briefly, the inhibitory gene KIR3DL1 was a protecting factor, and the activating genes KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS3 were risk factors for RSA. However, the effect sizes were not suitable. We suggest further studies on different causes of pregnancy loss, to find the role of KIR2DS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Akbari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Farhad Shahsavar
- Department of Immunology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Reza Karami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yari
- Department of Reproductive Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Khatereh Anbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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11
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Oliver KF, Wahl AM, Dick M, Toenges JA, Kiser JN, Galliou JM, Moraes JGN, Burns GW, Dalton J, Spencer TE, Neibergs HL. Genomic Analysis of Spontaneous Abortion in Holstein Heifers and Primiparous Cows. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120954. [PMID: 31766405 PMCID: PMC6969913 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The objectives of this study were to identify loci, positional candidate genes, gene-sets, and pathways associated with spontaneous abortion (SA) in cattle and compare these results with previous human SA studies to determine if cattle are a good SA model for humans. Pregnancy was determined at gestation day 35 for Holstein heifers and cows. Genotypes from 43,984 SNPs of 499 pregnant heifers and 498 pregnant cows that calved at full term (FT) were compared to 62 heifers and 28 cows experiencing SA. A genome-wide association analysis, gene-set enrichment analysis–single nucleotide polymorphism, and ingenuity pathway analysis were used to identify regions, pathways, and master regulators associated with SA in heifers, cows, and a combined population. Results: Twenty-three loci and 21 positional candidate genes were associated (p < 1 × 10−5) with SA and one of these (KIR3DS1) has been associated with SA in humans. Eight gene-sets (NES > 3.0) were enriched in SA and one was previously reported as enriched in human SA. Four master regulators (p < 0.01) were associated with SA within two populations. Conclusions: One locus associated with SA was validated and 39 positional candidate and leading-edge genes and 2 gene-sets were enriched in SA in cattle and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleen F. Oliver
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Alexandria M. Wahl
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Mataya Dick
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Jewel A. Toenges
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Jennifer N. Kiser
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Justine M. Galliou
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Joao G. N. Moraes
- Animal Sciences Research Center, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO S158A, USA (G.W.B.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Gregory W. Burns
- Animal Sciences Research Center, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO S158A, USA (G.W.B.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Joseph Dalton
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Caldwell, ID 1904 E, USA;
| | - Thomas E. Spencer
- Animal Sciences Research Center, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO S158A, USA (G.W.B.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Holly L. Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 646310, USA; (K.F.O.); (A.M.W.); (M.D.); (J.A.T.); (J.N.K.); (J.M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-1509-335-6491
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12
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Díaz-Peña R, de Los Santos MJ, Lucia A, Castro-Santos P. Understanding the role of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors in pregnancy complications. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:827-835. [PMID: 30847698 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a unique immunological situation in which a fetus-bearing paternal histocompatibility antigens can survive in a maternal environment without apparent rejection. To face this challenge, cells of the uterine immune system show characteristic changes in absolute number and composition during pregnancy. Particularly relevant to this process are uterine natural killer (uNK) cells and their cell surface receptors, killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). The main purpose of this review is to outline the current body of knowledge on the involvement of KIRs in the complications of pregnancy. Implantation depends on the invasion of embryonic trophoblast cells into maternal uterine tissue and remodeling of the uterine spiral arterioles, which is essential for placental perfusion and successful pregnancy. The proper interaction between maternal KIRs and their ligands human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, expressed by the extravillous trophoblast cells, is crucial in this process. KIRs are a complex family that includes both activator and inhibitory receptors. The activation profile is genetically determined in each individual and leads to diverse levels of functionality for NK and T cells on engagement with specific HLA class I molecules. An association between different KIR alleles and HLA molecules has been reported in pregnancy complications, supporting the idea of a relevant role of these receptors in successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Díaz-Peña
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - M J de Los Santos
- IVI-RMA, Fundación IVI; INCLIVA, IIS La Fe, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Castro-Santos
- Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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13
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Ay ME, Ay Öİ, Çayan FE, Tekin S, Karakaş Ü, Derici Yildirim D, Erdal ME. Genetic Predisposition to Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Gene Polymorphisms as Potential Biomarkers. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:57-65. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ertan Ay
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Özlem İzci Ay
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Filiz Evşen Çayan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Tekin
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ümit Karakaş
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Didem Derici Yildirim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Erdal
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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14
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Regulation and Function of NK and T Cells During Dengue Virus Infection and Vaccination. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1062:251-264. [PMID: 29845538 PMCID: PMC7121313 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8727-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this review is to discuss findings in the last 10 years that have advanced our understanding of human NK cell responses to dengue virus. We will review recently identified interactions of activating and inhibitory receptors on NK cells with dengue virus, human NK responses to natural dengue infection and highlight possible interactions by which NK cells may shape adaptive immune responses. T cell responses to natural dengue infection will be reviewed by Laura Rivino in Chap. 17 . With the advent of numerous dengue vaccine clinical trials, we will also review T and NK cell immune responses to dengue virus vaccination. As our understanding of the diverse functions of NK cell has advanced, it has become increasingly clear that human NK cell responses to viral infections are more complicated than initially recognized.
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15
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Su N, Wang H, Zhang B, Kang Y, Guo Q, Xiao H, Yang H, Liao S. Maternal natural killer cell immunoglobulin receptor genes and human leukocyte antigen-C ligands influence recurrent spontaneous abortion in the Han Chinese population. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:327-337. [PMID: 29387191 PMCID: PMC5769230 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has remained elusive for many years. Several previous studies have suggested that the killer cell immunoglobulin receptor (KIR) gene family is associated with RSA, however, it is not clear exactly how. The present study detected KIR and human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) genes in 110 Han Chinese women with unexplained RSA and 105 Han Chinese healthy females. The aim of the present study was to determine if certain genotypes were more susceptible to the occurrence of miscarriage. The frequency of KIR genes and different KIR haplotypes in the 2 groups demonstrated no statistical differences. However, in women who had miscarried ≥3 times, the frequency of KIR3DL1 was significantly reduced and the BB haplotype frequency was significantly higher compared with the control group. HLA-C2C2 was significantly increased in the KIR AB and KIR BB groups in the RSA groups compared with the control group. The women in the RSA group who had a homozygous HLA-C2C2 had a significantly higher frequency of the 2DS1 gene compared with the control group. The reduction of inhibitory gene and increased activation combinations may induce the activation of uterine natural killer cells, which may reduce the probability of fetal survival. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report demonstrating the association between maternal KIR and HLA-C genes and RSA in women of a Han Chinese ethnicity. The present study revealed that females who miscarry ≥3 times may be used as selection criteria for RSA and so may exhibit higher research value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Hongdan Wang
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- International Office for Research and Development, Henan Red Cross Blood Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Yiqing Kang
- International Office for Research and Development, Henan Red Cross Blood Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Qiannan Guo
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Hecai Yang
- International Office for Research and Development, Henan Red Cross Blood Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Shixiu Liao
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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16
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Quan X, Yang X. Correlation between unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion with CD4 +CD25 + regulatory T-cell and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor levels. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1459-1462. [PMID: 28781624 PMCID: PMC5526191 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the correlation between unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) with CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell (Treg) and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-2DL1 levels. A total of 76 URSA patients were enrolled (35 without pregnancy, Group A, and 41 with early abortion, Group B). Additionally, 30 patients who received a regular abortion as planned (Group C) and 30 healthy volunteers (Group D) were selected. Peripheral venous blood and fresh decidual tissue samples were obtained from all the patients, and flow cytometry was performed to detect CD4+CD25+Treg and Foxp3 transcription factor levels. mRNA and protein KIR-2DL1 expression levels were assayed using quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. No statistically significant differences in peripheral venous blood CD4+CD25+Treg/CD4+ and Foxp3+/CD4+CD25+Treg cell proportions were found among the groups (P>0.05). However, the decidual tissues of Group C presented significantly higher levels of both cell types versus other groups (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in comparisons among Groups A, B, and D (P>0.05). In peripheral venous blood, mRNA and protein KIR-2DL1 expression levels in Group C were significantly higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05), but again, there were no statistically significant differences among Groups A, B, and D (P>0.05). In decidual tissues, KIR-2DL1 levels were significantly higher in Group C relative to Groups A, B, and D (P<0.05). Decreased CD4+CD25+Treg counts and KIR-2DL1 expression levels were closely associated with the onset of URSA. CD4+CD25+Tregs mainly exert their effects on decidual tissues, while KIR-2DL1 can act on peripheral venous blood and decidual tissues. These may present new targets for early intervention in URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Quan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Xuezhou Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
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17
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Colucci F. The role of KIR and HLA interactions in pregnancy complications. Immunogenetics 2017; 69:557-565. [PMID: 28695287 PMCID: PMC5537332 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-1003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Combinations of KIR and HLA genes associate with pregnancy complications as well as with many other clinical scenarios. Understanding how certain KIR and HLA genes influence the biology of a disease is, however, a formidable challenge. These are the two most variable gene families in the human genome. Moreover, the biology of a disease is best understood by studying the cells of the affected tissue. Natural Killer (NK) cells express KIR and are the most abundant leukocytes in the uterus. Most of our knowledge of NK cells is based on what we have learned from cells isolated from blood, but these are different from their tissue resident counterparts, including uterine NK (uNK) cells. Reproductive immunology faces an additional challenge: Two genotypes must be considered because both maternal and foetal HLA class I molecules may influence the outcome of pregnancy, most likely through interactions with maternal KIR expressed on uNK cells. Maternal uNK cells are not spontaneously cytotoxic and instead engage in interactions with trophoblast. We hypothesise that these interactions regulate allocation of resources between the foetus and the mother and may go wrong in diseases of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 111, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Physiology Building, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
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18
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Zhu J, Liu H, Tang J, Riaz Khan M, Wang B, Bukhari I. Identification of minor chromosomal defects causing abnormal foetus and spontaneous abortions. Br J Biomed Sci 2016; 73:67-73. [PMID: 27181173 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2016.1157919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal abnormalities are the most common cause of recurrent abortions and miscarriages (RAM), but micro-variations on chromosomes causing RAM have never been previously studied. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the single nucleotide variations frequently present at genome with the density of at least one common (>20% allele frequency) SNP per kilobase pair. It has already been reported that SNP array examination for chromosomal abnormalities has better performance than the conventional cytogenetic karyotyping. METHODS We applied SNP array to detect the chromosomal defects in 80 placental villi and foetal tissues of abnormal foetus and spontaneous abortions. RESULTS The analyses of data revealed that total 52.5% (42/80) cases were found to have chromosomal abnormalities. The trisomies were most commonly found 26/42 (61.9%) in current samples. Total 8/42 (19.1%) cases were found to have other structural aberrations including translocations in 2/8 (25%), duplications and deletions in 3/8 (37.5%) cases, respectively. SNP analysis also successfully detected triploidy 69,XXX and tetraploidy 92,XXXY. Total 12/80 cases were performed by cytogenetic karyotyping and results were compared with SNP data. Total 5/12 (41.7%) cases were found to have same findings with SNP data while results of 2/12 (16.7%) cases had partial similarity between both techniques. Four cases were declared as karyotypically normal (46,XY or 46,XX) by cytogenetic examination, but later on these four cases were found to have small chromosomal variation which could be the cause of RAM in women. CONCLUSION Therefore, we conclude that use of a high-density SNP platform in diagnosis can give better understanding of molecular causes of pregnancy loss and foetal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Zhu
- a Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Province, The Maternal and Child Health Clinical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Department of Laboratory Medicines , Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Hui Liu
- a Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Province, The Maternal and Child Health Clinical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Junxiang Tang
- a Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Province, The Maternal and Child Health Clinical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Muhammad Riaz Khan
- c School of life sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
| | - Baolong Wang
- b Department of Laboratory Medicines , Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Ihtisham Bukhari
- c School of life sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
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19
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Nowak I, Malinowski A, Barcz E, Wilczyński JR, Wagner M, Majorczyk E, Motak-Pochrzęst H, Banasik M, Kuśnierczyk P. Possible Role of HLA-G, LILRB1 and KIR2DL4 Gene Polymorphisms in Spontaneous Miscarriage. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:505-514. [PMID: 26973020 PMCID: PMC5085992 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The KIR2DL4 receptor and its ligand HLA-G are considered important for fetal-maternal immune tolerance and successful pregnancy. The absence of a particular variant of KIR2DL4 might be a bad prognostic factor for pregnancy outcome. However, it could be compensated by the presence of the respective LILRB1 allele. Therefore, we investigated the KIR2DL4, LILRB1 and HLA-G polymorphisms in 277 couples with spontaneous abortion and 219 control couples by HRM, PCR-SSP and RFLP methods. We found a protective effect of women’s heterozygosity in −716 HLA-G (p = 0.0206) and LILRB1 (p = 0.0131) against spontaneous abortion. Surprisingly, we observed more 9A/10A genotypes of KIR2DL4 gene carriers in the group of male partners from the miscarriage group in comparison to the men from the control group (p = 0.0288). Furthermore, there was no association of women’s KIR2DL4 polymorphism with susceptibility to spontaneous abortion. Multivariate analysis indicated that women’s −716 HLA-G and LILRB1 and men’s KIR2DL4 9A/10A are important in terms of the protection or susceptibility to miscarriage, respectively (p = 0.00968). In conclusion, a woman’s heterozygosity in HLA-G and LILRB1 might be an advantage for a success of reproduction, but the partner’s heterozygosity in 9A/10A KIR2DL4 alleles might not.
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MESH Headings
- Abortion, Habitual/genetics
- Abortion, Habitual/immunology
- Abortion, Spontaneous/genetics
- Abortion, Spontaneous/immunology
- Adult
- Aged
- Alleles
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Genotype
- HLA-G Antigens/genetics
- HLA-G Antigens/physiology
- Haplotypes
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance
- Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1
- Linkage Disequilibrium
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Models, Statistical
- Multivariate Analysis
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Outcome
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Receptors, KIR2DL4/genetics
- Receptors, KIR2DL4/physiology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Nowak
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Malinowski
- Department of Surgical, Endoscopic and Oncologic Gynecology, Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Barcz
- First Chair and Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Wagner
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Majorczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Hanna Motak-Pochrzęst
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
- Obstetric Gynecological Department, Disctrict Hospital Strzelce Opolskie, Strzelce Opolskie, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
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20
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Dambaeva SV, Lee DH, Sung N, Chen CY, Bao S, Gilman-Sachs A, Kwak-Kim J, Beaman KD. Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Women with Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor KIR2DS1 is Associated with an Increased HLA-C2 Allelic Frequency. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 75:94-103. [PMID: 26589762 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM During human pregnancy, the uterine lining is highly populated with killer-immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-expressing NK cells that recognize HLA-C molecules on trophoblast cells. The goal of this study was to analyze the KIR gene contents and frequencies in a N. American cohort of women with RPL of unknown etiology to evaluate whether there is a genetic susceptibility to RPL based on a woman's KIR repertoire and her HLA-C group, as well as the HLA-C group of the partner. METHOD OF STUDY The frequencies of KIR and HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 genes were evaluated in 139 Caucasian women with RPL; HLA-C1, and HLA-C2 group genes were analyzed in their partners (n = 42). The gene frequencies were compared with data reported from corresponding populations. RESULTS Overall, the frequencies of HLA-C groups and KIR genes and genotypes in RPL cohort resembled the frequencies for US Caucasians. The HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 group distribution was significantly different between women with or without KIR2DS1. Women positive for KIR2DS1 (45.3% of the study cohort) had an increased frequency of its ligand, HLA-C2 (0.5159 versus 0.3684 in KIR2DS1 negative women, P = 0.014). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that among KIR2DS1 pos women, the co-expression of HLA-C2 is associated with RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Dambaeva
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dong Hyung Lee
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nayoung Sung
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chi-Yao Chen
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shihua Bao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth D Beaman
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
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Giugliano S, Petroff MG, Warren BD, Jasti S, Linscheid C, Ward A, Kramer A, Dobrinskikh E, Sheiko MA, Gale M, Golden-Mason L, Winn VD, Rosen HR. Hepatitis C Virus Sensing by Human Trophoblasts Induces Innate Immune Responses and Recruitment of Maternal NK Cells: Potential Implications for Limiting Vertical Transmission. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3737-47. [PMID: 26342030 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the world's most common blood-borne viral infection for which there is no vaccine. The rates of vertical transmission range between 3 and 6% with odds 90% higher in the presence of HIV coinfection. Prevention of vertical transmission is not possible because of lack of an approved therapy for use in pregnancy or an effective vaccine. Recently, HCV has been identified as an independent risk factor for preterm delivery, perinatal mortality, and other complications. In this study, we characterized the immune responses that contribute to the control of viral infection at the maternal-fetal interface (MFI) in the early gestational stages. In this study, we show that primary human trophoblast cells and an extravillous trophoblast cell line (HTR8), from first and second trimester of pregnancy, express receptors relevant for HCV binding/entry and are permissive for HCV uptake. We found that HCV-RNA sensing by human trophoblast cells induces robust upregulation of type I/III IFNs and secretion of multiple chemokines that elicit recruitment and activation of decidual NK cells. Furthermore, we observed that HCV-RNA transfection induces a proapoptotic response within HTR8 that could affect the morphology of the placenta. To our knowledge, for the first time, we demonstrate that HCV-RNA sensing by human trophoblast cells elicits a strong antiviral response that alters the recruitment and activation of innate immune cells at the MFI. This work provides a paradigm shift in our understanding of HCV-specific immunity at the MFI as well as novel insights into mechanisms that limit vertical transmission but may paradoxically lead to virus-related pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giugliano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hepatitis C Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Margaret G Petroff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Bryce D Warren
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Susmita Jasti
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Caitlin Linscheid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Ashley Ward
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Anita Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Melissa A Sheiko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Lucy Golden-Mason
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hepatitis C Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Virginia D Winn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304; and
| | - Hugo R Rosen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hepatitis C Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045; Eastern Colorado Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220
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Future directions of clinical laboratory evaluation of pregnancy. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 11:582-8. [PMID: 25042633 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2014.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, our understanding of how the immune system interacts with the developing fetus and placenta has greatly expanded. There are many laboratories that provide tests for diagnosis of pregnancy outcome in women who have recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) or pre-eclampsia. These tests are based on the premise that immune response to the fetus is equivalent to the adaptive immune response to a transplant. New understanding leads to the concept that the activated innate response is vital for pregnancy and this can result in more effective testing and treatment to prevent an abnormal pregnancy in the future. We describe here only three such areas for future testing: one area involves sperm and semen and factors necessary for successful fertilization; another area would determine conditions for production of growth factors necessary for implantation in the uterus; finally, the last area would be to determine conditions necessary for the vascularization of the placenta and growing fetus by activated natural killer (NK) cells (combinations of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family genes with HLA-C haplotypes) that lead to capability of secreting angiogenic growth factors. These areas are novel but understanding their role in pregnancy can lead to insight into how to maintain and treat pregnancies with complicating factors.
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Fu Q, Tao Y, Piao H, Du MR, Li DJ. Trophoblasts and decidual stromal cells regulate decidual NK cell functions via interaction between collagen and LAIR-1. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:368-78. [PMID: 24548186 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM To determine the effect of collagen from maternal-fetal interface on decidual natural killer cell (dNK) function. METHOD OF STUDY Decidual and villous samples were collected from normal pregnancy and miscarriage. The phenotype and cytokine production were analyzed, respectively, by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Co-culture was established to investigate the effect of trophoblasts and decidual stromal cells (DSCs) on dNKs. RESULTS Maternal-fetal interface of normal pregnancy showed higher collagen and LAIR-1 expression than that of miscarriage. Co-culture of dNKs with HTR-8/DSCs up-regulated LAIR-1 on dNKs that could be attenuated by pre-treatment with LAIR-2, a competitive inhibitor of LAIR-1. Collagen down-regulated expression of cell surface receptor activity and intracellular perforin, while it up-regulated expression of suppressive receptor on dNKs. Co-culture of dNKs with HTR-8/DSCs decreased perforin expression and Th1-type cytokines production by dNKs, which could be abrogated by LAIR-2. In addition, silence of collagen in HTR-8/DSCs by shRNA significantly attenuated regulation on dNKs. CONCLUSION Trophoblasts and DSCs regulate decidual NK cell functions via secreting collagen, which is involved in the maintenance of human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
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Abstract
Organs such as the liver, uterus and lung possess hallmark immunotolerant features, making these organs important for sustaining self-homeostasis. These organs contain a relatively large amount of negative regulatory immune cells, which are believed to take part in the regulation of immune responses. Because natural killer cells constitute a large proportion of all lymphocytes in these organs, increasing attention has been given to the roles that these cells play in maintaining immunotolerance. Here, we review the distribution, differentiation, phenotypic features and functional features of natural killer cells in these immunotolerant organs, in addition to the influence of local microenvironments on these cells and how these factors contribute to organ-specific diseases.
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Kuśnierczyk P. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene associations with autoimmune and allergic diseases, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and neoplasms. Front Immunol 2013; 4:8. [PMID: 23372569 PMCID: PMC3557723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a family of cell surface inhibitory or activating receptors expressed on natural killer cells and some subpopulations of T lymphocytes. KIR genes are clustered in the 19q13.4 region and are characterized by both allelic (high numbers of variants) and haplotypic (different numbers of genes for inhibitory and activating receptors on individual chromosomes) polymorphism. This contributes to diverse susceptibility to diseases and other clinical situations. Associations of KIR genes, as well as of genes for their ligands, with selected diseases such as psoriasis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and non-small cell lung cancer are discussed in the context of NK and T cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
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