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Olexiková L, Dujíčková L, Makarevich AV, Bezdíček J, Sekaninová J, Nesvadbová A, Chrenek P. Glutathione during Post-Thaw Recovery Culture Can Mitigate Deleterious Impact of Vitrification on Bovine Oocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010035. [PMID: 36670897 PMCID: PMC9854658 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitrification of bovine oocytes can impair subsequent embryo development mostly due to elevated oxidative stress. This study was aimed at examining whether glutathione, a known antioxidant, can improve further embryo development when added to devitrified oocytes for a short recovery period. Bovine in vitro matured oocytes were vitrified using an ultra-rapid cooling technique on electron microscopy grids. Following warming, the oocytes were incubated in the recovery medium containing glutathione (0, 1.5, or 5 mmol L-1) for 3 h (post-warm recovery). Afterwards, the oocytes were lysed for measuring the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), activity of peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase, and ROS formation. The impact of vitrification on mitochondrial and lysosomal activities was also examined. Since glutathione, added at 5 mmol L-1, significantly increased the TAC of warmed oocytes, in the next set of experiments this dose was applied for post-warm recovery of oocytes used for IVF. Glutathione in the recovery culture did not change the total blastocyst rate, while increased the proportion of faster developing blastocysts (Day 6-7), reduced the apoptotic cell ratio and reversed the harmful impact of vitrification on the actin cytoskeleton. These results suggest that even a short recovery culture with antioxidant(s) can improve the development of bovine devitrified oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Olexiková
- Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-37-654-6258
| | - Linda Dujíčková
- Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 94974 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alexander V. Makarevich
- Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia
| | - Jiří Bezdíček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 50, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Sekaninová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Nesvadbová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 50, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Chrenek
- Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Abdul Rahman NS, Mohamed Noor Khan NA, Eshak Z, Sarbandi MS, Mohammad Kamal AA, Abd Malek M, Abdullah F, Abdullah MA, Othman F. Exogenous L-Glutathione Improves Vitrification Outcomes in Murine Preimplantation Embryos. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112100. [PMID: 36358471 PMCID: PMC9686984 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitrification is an important tool to store surplus embryos in assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, vitrification increases oxidative damage and results in decreased viability. Studies have reported that L-glutathione (GSH) supplementation improves the preimplantation development of murine embryos. Glutathione constitutes the major non-protein sulphydryl compound in mammalian cells, which confers protection against oxidative damage. However, the effect of GSH supplementation on embryonic vitrification outcomes has yet to be reported. This study aims to determine whether GSH supplementation in culture media improves in vitro culture and vitrification outcomes, as observed through embryo morphology and preimplantation development. Female BALB/c mice aged 6−8 weeks were superovulated through an intraperitoneal injection of 10 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG), followed by 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) 48 h later. The mated mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation 48 h after hCG to harvest embryos. Two-cell embryos were randomly assigned to be cultured in either Group 1 (GSH-free medium), Group 2 (GSH-free medium with vitrification), Group 3 (0.01 mM GSH-supplemented medium), or Group 4 (0.01 mM GSH-supplemented medium with vitrification). Non-vitrified (Groups 1 and 3) and vitrified (Groups 2 and 4) embryos were observed for morphological quality and preimplantation development at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. In the non-vitrified groups, there were significant increases in the number of Grade-1 blastocysts in GSH cultures (p < 0.05). Similarly, in the vitrified groups, GSH supplementation was also seen to significantly increase blastocyst formation. Exogenous GSH supplementation resulted in a significant increase in intracellular GSH, a release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and a parallel decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in vitrified eight-cell embryos (p < 0.05). GSH supplementation was shown to upregulate Bcl2 expression and downregulate Bax expression in the vitrified preimplantation embryo group. The action of exogenous GSH was concomitant with an increase in the relative abundance of Gpx1 and Sod1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the novel use and practical applicability of GSH supplementation for improving embryonic cryotolerance via a decrease in ROS levels and the inhibition of apoptotic events by improvement in oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor-Shahida Abdul Rahman
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor-Ashikin Mohamed Noor Khan
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Zolkapli Eshak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mimi-Sophia Sarbandi
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Tapah Road 35400, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Aqila-Akmal Mohammad Kamal
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mastura Abd Malek
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fathiah Abdullah
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Tapah Road 35400, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Fezah Othman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Yang P, Chen X, Tian X, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Tang W, Fu K, Zhao J, Ruan Y. A Proteomic Study of the Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the Regulation of Early Pregnancy in Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182439. [PMID: 36139298 PMCID: PMC9495164 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Early pregnancy regulation is an extremely complex process that is influenced by various factors. We previously mined the differentially expressed genes affected by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in early pregnancy in goats via transcriptome sequencing. We found that NAC increased the number of lambs by affecting the immune pathway in ewes and enhancing antioxidation. Based on this, we here explored the effect of NAC on early pregnancy in goats at the protein level. The results showed a difference in the expression of uterine keratin and increases in the levels of antioxidant indices and hormones in doe serum. Abstract Dietary supplementation with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) may support early pregnancy regulation and fertility in female animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation with 0.07% NAC on the expression of the uterine keratin gene and protein in Qianbei-pockmarked goats during early pregnancy using tandem mass spectrometry (TMT) relative quantitative proteomics. The results showed that there were significant differences in uterine keratin expression between the experimental group (NAC group) and the control group on day 35 of gestation. A total of 6271 proteins were identified, 6258 of which were quantified by mass spectrometry. There were 125 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 47 upregulated and 78 downregulated proteins, in the NAC group. Bioinformatic analysis showed that these DEPs were mainly involved in the transport and biosynthesis of organic matter and were related to the binding of transition metal ions, DNA and proteins and the catalytic activity of enzymes. They were enriched in the Jak-STAT signalling pathway, RNA monitoring pathway, amino acid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis and other pathways that may affect the early pregnancy status of does through different pathways and thus influence early embryonic development. Immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the expression and localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and pelota mRNA surveillance and ribosomal rescue factor (PELO) in uterine horn tissue. The results showed that both PELO and GFAP were localized to endometrial and stromal cells, consistent with the mass spectrometry data at the transcriptional and translational levels. Moreover, NAC supplementation increased the levels of the reproductive hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutamate peroxidase (GSH-Px) and nitric oxide (NO) in the serum of does. These findings provide new insight into the mechanism by which NAC regulates early pregnancy and embryonic development in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Xingzhou Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Kaibin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiafu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Elgebaly MM, Hazaa ABM, Amer HA, Mesalam A. L-Cysteine improves bovine oocyte developmental competence in vitro via activation of oocyte-derived growth factors BMP-15 and GDF-9. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:734-742. [PMID: 35313050 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of L-cysteine supplementation into the maturation medium on the oocyte nuclear maturation, cumulus cell expansion, ultrastructure of the oocytes and the expression of oocyte-derived growth factors BMP-15, GDF-9 and CB-1 genes. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from cow's ovaries obtained from abattoir and incubated at 38.5°C in maturation media supplemented with 0, 0.6, 0.8 or 1 mM L-cysteine in 5% CO2 under humidified air for 24 hr. We found that a significantly higher percentage of oocytes progressed to metaphase II stage in the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium supplemented with L-cysteine, particularly 0.8 mM group, compared with untreated control oocytes. Additionally, L-cysteine treatment significantly increased the number of expanded COCs and the degree of expansion of individual COCs. Results of RT-qPCR showed significant increase in expression levels of BMP-15 and GDF-9 in L-cysteine-treated groups compared with control one. Electron microgram showed improvement of cytoplasmic maturation regarding ultrastructure of the oocytes and oocyte-cumulus cell gap junction communication in all L-cysteine-treated groups especially 0.8 mM L-cysteine-treated one. In conclusion, supplementation of IVM medium with a potential anti-oxidant, L-cysteine can effectively improve in vitro oocytes cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation via activation of oocyte maturation related BMP-15 and GDF-9 genes in bovine oocytes, benefiting the extended researches about the potential applications of L-cysteine in mammalian breeding technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Mosad Elgebaly
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abo Bakr Maher Hazaa
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hussein Ahmed Amer
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman Mesalam
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Girka E, Gatenby L, Gutierrez EJ, Bondioli KR. The effects of microtubule stabilizing and recovery agents on vitrified bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2022; 182:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Qin X, Yang C, Xu H, Zhang R, Zhang D, Tu J, Guo Y, Niu B, Kong L, Zhang Z. Cell-Derived Biogenetic Gold Nanoparticles for Sensitizing Radiotherapy and Boosting Immune Response against Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103984. [PMID: 34723421 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of nanomedicine has gained enormous attention and exhibited promising prospects, while the underlying mechanism and advantage remain not fully understood. Here, a cell-reactor based on tumor cells is developed to obtain biogenetic gold nanoparticles (Au@MC38) for sensitizing radiotherapy and boosting immune responses. It demonstrates that the intracellular biomineralization and exocytosis process of Au@MC38 can be regulated by the cellular metabolites level and other factors, such as glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy, and UV irradiation. The elucidation of mechanisms may promote the understanding of interaction principles between nanoparticles and biosystems in the process of biosynthesis. Combined with radiotherapy, Au@MC38 strengthens the radiation-induced DNA damage and ROS generation, thus aggravating cell apoptosis and necrosis. Benefiting from homologous targeting and transcytosis effect, Au@MC38 demonstrates good tumor distribution. Local radiation-induced immunogenic cell death initiates an effective immune response. Especially, CD8a+ dendritic cells are significantly increased in mice that received combinatorial treatment. This radio-sensitization strategy has demonstrated the effective inhibition on primary and metastatic tumors, and achieved satisfactory survival benefit in combinatorial with immune checkpoint blockade. Thus, this bio-inspired synthetic strategy may impulse the development of biosynthesis and its therapeutic applications, contributing to a non-invasive and efficient modality for nanomedicine exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianya Qin
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Conglian Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Runzan Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Liyuan Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Boning Niu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Kong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Harada Y, Kinutani M, Horiuchi T. Improved developmental potential of mouse vitrified-warmed oocytes achieved by culturing in recovery medium with glutathione ethyl ester (GSH-OEt). Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:505-512. [PMID: 34646079 PMCID: PMC8499599 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of glutathione ethyl ester (GSH-OEt) in the recovery medium on the developmental competence of mouse vitrified-warmed MII oocytes. METHODS Vitrified-warmed oocytes were incubated for 1 h in recovery medium in the presence or absence of 0.5 mM GSH-OEt. The authors examined the effects of GSH-OEt, first on the levels of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitrified-warmed oocytes, and second, on in vitro blastocyst development, division speed to blastocysts, and total cell numbers of blastocysts from vitrified-warmed oocytes fertilized by Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). RESULTS Adding GSH-OEt to the recovery medium significantly (p < 0.05) increased GSH content and decreased ROS levels in vitrified-warmed oocytes. The blastocyst rate did not differ significantly between the two groups, but the speed of development to blastocysts in the GSH-OEt (+) group was significantly more rapid. In addition, the total blastocyst cell number was significantly higher in the GSH-OEt (+) group than in the GSH-OEt (-) group (92.8 ± 5.1 vs. 71.4 ± 3.5, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Adding GSH-OEt to the recovery medium of vitrified-warmed mouse oocytes enhances the development potential of oocytes and improves the quality of blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Toshitaka Horiuchi
- Emeritus Professor of Prefectural University of HiroshimaHiroshimaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Reproductive MedicineOchi Yume Clinic NagoyaNagoyaJapan
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Abstract
Many studies have focused on the optimization of the composition of embryo culture medium; however, there are few studies involving the effect of a culture medium changing procedure on the preimplantation development of embryos. In this study, three groups were designed: a non-renewal group, a renewal group and a half-renewal group. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptotic index, blastocyst ratio and blastocyst total cell number were analyzed in each group. The results showed that the ROS level and the apoptotic index of blastocyst in the non-renewal group were significantly higher than in the renewal group and the half-renewal group (P < 0.05). The blastocyst ratio and blastocyst total cell number were significantly higher in the half-renewal group than that in non-renewal group and the renewal group (P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that the procedure of changing the culture medium influenced ROS level, apoptotic index, blastocyst ratio and total cell number of blastocysts. In addition, the result suggested that changing the culture medium may lead to a loss of important regulatory factors for embryos, while not changing the culture medium may lead to the accumulation of toxic substances. Half-renewal can alleviate the defects of both no renewal and renewal, and benefit embryo development. This study will be of high value as a reference for the optimization of embryo culture in vitro, and is very significant for assisted reproduction.
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9
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Wang L, Tang J, Wang L, Tan F, Song H, Zhou J, Li F. Oxidative stress in oocyte aging and female reproduction. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7966-7983. [PMID: 34121193 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In a healthy body, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants remain balanced. When the balance is broken toward an overabundance of ROS, oxidative stress appears and may lead to oocyte aging. Oocyte aging is mainly reflected as the gradual decrease of oocyte quantity and quality. Here, we aim to review the relationship between oxidative stress and oocyte aging. First, we introduced that the defective mitochondria, the age-related ovarian aging, the repeated ovulation, and the high-oxygen environment were the ovarian sources of ROS in vivo and in vitro. And we also introduced other sources of ROS accumulation in ovaries, such as overweight and unhealthy lifestyles. Then, we figured that oxidative stress may act as the "initiator" for oocyte aging and reproductive pathology, which specifically causes follicular abnormally atresia, abnormal meiosis, lower fertilization rate, delayed embryonic development, and reproductive disease, including polycystic ovary syndrome and ovary endometriosis cyst. Finally, we discussed current strategies for delaying oocyte aging. We introduced three autophagy antioxidant pathways like Beclin-VPS34-Atg14, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR), and p62-Keap1-Nrf2. And we also describe the different antioxidants used to combat oocyte aging. In addition, the hypoxic (5% O2 ) culture environment for oocytes avoiding oxidative stress in vitro. So, this review not only contribute to our general understanding of oxidative stress and oocyte aging but also lay the foundations for the therapies to treat premature ovarian failure and oocyte aging in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jinhua Tang
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Feng Tan
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huibin Song
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenge Li
- Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
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10
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Sun WS, Jang H, Park MR, Oh KB, Lee H, Hwang S, Xu LJ, Hwang IS, Lee JW. N-acetyl-L-cysteine Improves the Developmental Competence of Bovine Oocytes and Embryos Cultured In Vitro by Attenuating Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060860. [PMID: 34071998 PMCID: PMC8229896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been suggested to negatively affect oocyte and embryo quality and developmental competence, resulting in failure to reach full term. In this study, we investigated the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a cell-permeating antioxidant, on developmental competence and the quality of oocytes and embryos upon supplementation (0.1–10 mM) in maturation and culture medium in vitro using slaughterhouse-derived oocytes and embryos. The results show that treating oocytes with 1.0 mM NAC for 8 h during in vitro maturation attenuated the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.05) and upregulated intracellular glutathione levels (p < 0.01) in oocytes. Interestingly, we found that NAC affects early embryonic development, not only in a dose-dependent, but also in a stage-specific, manner. Significantly (p < 0.05) decreased cleavage rates (90.25% vs. 81.46%) were observed during the early stage (days 0–2), while significantly (p < 0.05) increased developmental rates (38.20% vs. 44.46%) were observed during the later stage (from day 3) of embryonic development. In particular, NAC supplementation decreased the proportion of apoptotic blastomeres significantly (p < 0.05), resulting in enhanced hatching capability and developmental rates during the in vitro culture of embryos. Taken together, our results suggest that NAC supplementation has beneficial effects on bovine oocytes and embryos through the prevention of apoptosis and the elimination of oxygen free radicals during maturation and culture in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Sheng Sun
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hoon Jang
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea;
| | - Mi-Ryung Park
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Keon Bong Oh
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Haesun Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Seongsoo Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Li-Jie Xu
- Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College, Guangzhou 510507, China;
| | - In-Sul Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (W.-S.S.); (M.-R.P.); (K.B.O.); (H.L.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (I.-S.H.); (J.-W.L.); Tel.: +82-63-238-7258 (I.-S.H.); +82-42-860-4428 (J.-W.L.)
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-S.H.); (J.-W.L.); Tel.: +82-63-238-7258 (I.-S.H.); +82-42-860-4428 (J.-W.L.)
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Gualtieri R, Kalthur G, Barbato V, Di Nardo M, Adiga SK, Talevi R. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Caused by Cryopreservation in Reproductive Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030337. [PMID: 33668300 PMCID: PMC7996228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, fundamental organelles in cell metabolism, and ATP synthesis are responsible for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium homeostasis, and cell death. Mitochondria produce most ROS, and when levels exceed the antioxidant defenses, oxidative stress (OS) is generated. These changes may eventually impair the electron transport chain, resulting in decreased ATP synthesis, increased ROS production, altered mitochondrial membrane permeability, and disruption of calcium homeostasis. Mitochondria play a key role in the gamete competence to facilitate normal embryo development. However, iatrogenic factors in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) may affect their functional competence, leading to an abnormal reproductive outcome. Cryopreservation, a fundamental technology in ART, may compromise mitochondrial function leading to elevated intracellular OS that decreases sperm and oocytes' competence and the dynamics of fertilization and embryo development. This article aims to review the role played by mitochondria and ROS in sperm and oocyte function and the close, biunivocal relationships between mitochondrial damage and ROS generation during cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissues in different species. Based on current literature, we propose tentative hypothesis of mechanisms involved in cryopreservation-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in gametes, and discuss the role played by antioxidants and other agents to retain the competence of cryopreserved reproductive cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gualtieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India; (G.K.); (S.K.A.)
| | - Vincenza Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Maddalena Di Nardo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India; (G.K.); (S.K.A.)
- Centre for Fertility Preservation, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Riccardo Talevi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (M.D.N.); (R.T.)
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Aghaz F, Vaisi-Raygani A, Khazaei M, Arkan E. Enhanced Cryoprotective Effect of Melatonin and Resveratrol by Coencapsulation: Improved In Vitro Development of Vitrified-Warmed Mouse Germinal Vesicle Oocytes. Biopreserv Biobank 2020; 19:184-193. [PMID: 33351680 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2020.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte vitrification, as a vital step in reproductive medicine, is strongly associated with lower development caused by cryodamaging factors, such as oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidative synergistic effects of Melatonin (Mel) and Resveratrol (RES) coencapsulated by solid lipid nanocarriers (SLNs) against the pure antioxidant combination (Mel+RES). In this research, the formation of Mel+RES-SLN was confirmed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. The average mean diameter, size distribution, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of particles were measured by Zetasizer, and the morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) or drug loading capacity (DL%) of the nanocapsule was determined by spectrophotometric methods. Germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocytes harvested from 6- to 12-week-old female NMRI mice were randomly divided into seven groups for in vitro studies. In these groups, (0, 10-12 M + 0.5 μM, 10-9 M + 2 μM, or 10-6 M + 10 μM) of Mel+RES/Mel+RES-SLN were added into vitrification media. After thawing, oocytes were matured, fertilized, and cultured for 3 days. Extra/intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured in in vitro maturation medium after 24 hours. Our results revealed a significant improvement in the normal morphology of warmed GV-stage oocytes, GV breakdown (GVBD) rate, Metaphase II (MII)-stage oocyte formation, fertilization rate, early embryo development, and a significant reduction in intra/extracellular ROS level when vitrification media was supplemented with the lowest Mel+RES-SLN concentration. In vitro studies also demonstrated that the highest concentration of Mel+RES-SLN was safe, without a detrimental effect on embryonic development upon treatment. In conclusion, the lowest concentration of Mel+RES-SLN supplementation in GV-stage oocyte vitrification media improved maturation, fertilization, and embryo development rate and decreased extra/intracellular ROS level through an enhanced/controlled intracellular penetration compared to the pure Mel+RES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Aghaz
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Arkan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Oocyte Vitrification Temporarily Turns on Oxidation-Reduction Process Genes in Mouse Preimplantation Embryos. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1307-1315. [PMID: 33067752 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00337-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We aim to understand how oocyte vitrification impacts subsequent mouse preimplantation embryo development at molecular level. We profiled transcriptomics of fertilized preimplantation embryos derived from mouse vitrified-warmed oocytes. Concomitantly, we evaluated epigenetic markers in fertilized preimplantation embryos. We found that oocyte vitrification did not affect the fertilization and cleavage process but delayed embryo development until blastocyst stage. RNA sequencing revealed that 1575 genes were profoundly altered in the 2-cell stage embryos developed from vitrified oocytes. The most significantly altered biological pathway was "oxidation-reduction process." Such profound transcriptomics change was associated with decreased level of oocyte-specific histone H1FOO in zygote and 2-cell stage. Transcriptome alteration due to oocyte vitrification was less pronounced as embryos develop into the morula stage. Oocyte vitrification temporarily changes transcriptomics in early preimplantation embryos. Targeting oxidation-reduction pathway might be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve embryo quality and long-term embryo survival.
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Ceratonia siliqua (Carob) extract improved in vitro development of vitrified-warmed mouse germinal vesicle oocytes: assessment of possible mechanism. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:137-144. [PMID: 33052521 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte banking is a vital step for safekeeping and spreading genetic resources of animals. It is also used for fertility preservation of human. Oocyte vitrification is closely related to the lower developmental competence which includes the cryo-injury arisen during vitrification. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the maturation, embryonic development and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of mice oocytes following the supplementation vitrification media with different concentrations of Ceratonia siliqua (carob) extracts. In this experimental study, germinal vesicle oocytes collected from 8 to 10 week-old female NMRI mice (30-40 gr) were randomly divided into six groups of vitrification media supplemented with 0 (control), 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 µg/ml C. siliqua. After thawing, oocytes were put in an in vitro maturation medium (IVM) (α-MEM: Alpha Minimum Essential Medium). 3-4 and 24 h (hr) later, the oocyte nuclear maturity was checked. Standard in vitro fertilization was performed on the matured oocytes (MII), and embryonic development was followed. Extra- and intra-cellular ROS was measured in IVM medium after 24 h of oocyte incubation. The addition of 20 and 30 μg/ml C. siliqua extract to vitrification media improved normal morphology of warmed germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, rate of germinal vesicle break down (GVBD), and metaphase 2 (MII) oocyte formation significantly (p < 0.05). Fertilization rate, (embryonic development to 2 cells stage, 4-8 cells stage, and > 8 cells stage increased in the 30 μg/ml C. siliqua group significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, supplementation of 30 μg/ml C. siliqua in vitrification media significantly decreased extra- and intra-cellular of ROS as well as embryonic fragmentation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of GV oocyte vitrification media with carob extract improved maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development rate and decreased extra- and intra-cellular ROS levels.
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García-Martínez T, Vendrell-Flotats M, Martínez-Rodero I, Ordóñez-León EA, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, López-Béjar M, Yeste M, Mogas T. Glutathione Ethyl Ester Protects In Vitro -Maturing Bovine Oocytes against Oxidative Stress Induced by Subsequent Vitrification/Warming. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207547. [PMID: 33066129 PMCID: PMC7588878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether the addition of glutathione ethyl ester (GSH-OEt) to the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium would improve the resilience of bovine oocytes to withstand vitrification. The effects of GSH-OEt on spindle morphology, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial activity and distribution, and embryo developmental potential were assessed together with the expression of genes with a role in apoptosis (BAX, BCL2), oxidative-stress pathways (GPX1, SOD1), water channels (AQP3), implantation (IFN-τ) and gap junctions (CX43) in oocytes and their derived blastocysts. Vitrification gave rise to abnormal spindle microtubule configurations and elevated ROS levels. Supplementation of IVM medium with GSH-OEt before vitrification preserved mitochondrial distribution pattern and diminished both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ROS contents and percentages of embryos developing beyond the 8-cell stage were similar to those recorded in fresh non-vitrified oocytes. Although not significantly different from control vitrified oocytes, vitrified oocytes after GSH-OEt treatment gave rise to similar day 8-blastocyst and hatching rates to fresh non-vitrified oocytes. No effects of GSH-OEt supplementation were noted on the targeted gene expression of oocytes and derived blastocysts, with the exception of GPX1, AQP3 and CX43 in derived blastocysts. The addition of GSH-OEt to the IVM medium before vitrification may be beneficial for embryo development presumably as the consequence of additional anti-oxidant protection during IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania García-Martínez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (M.V.-F.); (I.M.-R.); (E.A.O.-L.)
| | - Meritxell Vendrell-Flotats
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (M.V.-F.); (I.M.-R.); (E.A.O.-L.)
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.Á.-R.); (M.L.-B.)
| | - Iris Martínez-Rodero
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (M.V.-F.); (I.M.-R.); (E.A.O.-L.)
| | - Erika Alina Ordóñez-León
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (M.V.-F.); (I.M.-R.); (E.A.O.-L.)
- Grupo InVitro, Tabasco 86040, Mexico
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.Á.-R.); (M.L.-B.)
| | - Manel López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.Á.-R.); (M.L.-B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Marc Yeste
- Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17004 Girona, Spain;
| | - Teresa Mogas
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (M.V.-F.); (I.M.-R.); (E.A.O.-L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-696-64-51-27
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Du K, Xia Q, Heng H, Feng F. Temozolomide-Doxorubicin Conjugate as a Double Intercalating Agent and Delivery by Apoferritin for Glioblastoma Chemotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34599-34609. [PMID: 32648735 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We designed a conjugated compound by coupling temozolomide (TMZ) with doxorubicin (DOX) via an acylhydrazone linkage as a potential prodrug used for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Viscosity and spectroscopic studies revealed that the drug conjugate could act as a nonclassical double intercalating agent. Although free TMZ is an inefficient DNA binder in comparison to DOX, the TMZ moiety interacted with DNA as an induced intercalator, arising from the synergistic effect of DOX moiety that mediated conformational changes of the DNA helix. Two binding modes were proposed to interpret the double intercalating effect of the drug conjugate on intra- and inter-DNA interactions that could cause DNA cross-linking and fibril aggregates. We also developed a delivery nanoplatform with a loading efficiency of 83% using copper-bound apoferritin as a nanocarrier. In sharp contrast to the short half-life of free TMZ, the nanocomposite was stable under physiological conditions without detectable drug decomposition after a 2 week storage, and drug release was activatable in the presence of glutathione at millimolar levels. The antitumor effect of the drug conjugate and nanocomposite against GBM cells was reported to demonstrate the potential therapeutic applications of double intercalating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiuyu Xia
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Heng
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fude Feng
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Hansen JM, Jones DP, Harris C. The Redox Theory of Development. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:715-740. [PMID: 31891515 PMCID: PMC7047088 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The geological record shows that as atmospheric O2 levels increased, it concomitantly coincided with the evolution of metazoans. More complex, higher organisms contain a more cysteine-rich proteome, potentially as a means to regulate homeostatic responses in a more O2-rich environment. Regulation of redox-sensitive processes to control development is likely to be evolutionarily conserved. Recent Advances: During early embryonic development, the conceptus is exposed to varying levels of O2. Oxygen and redox-sensitive elements can be regulated to promote normal development, defined as changes to cellular mass, morphology, biochemistry, and function, suggesting that O2 is a developmental morphogen. During periods of O2 fluctuation, embryos are "reprogrammed," on the genomic and metabolic levels. Reprogramming imparts changes to particular redox couples (nodes) that would support specific post-translational modifications (PTMs), targeting the cysteine proteome to regulate protein function and development. Critical Issues: Major developmental events such as stem cell expansion, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and cell fate decisions are controlled through oxidative PTMs of cysteine-based redox nodes. As such, timely coordinated redox regulation of these events yields normal developmental outcomes and viable species reproduction. Disruption of normal redox signaling can produce adverse developmental outcomes. Future Directions: Furthering our understanding of the redox-sensitive processes/pathways, the nature of the regulatory PTMs involved in development and periods of activation/sensitivity to specific developmental pathways would greatly support the theory of redox regulation of development, and would also provide rationale and direction to more fully comprehend poor developmental outcomes, such as dysmorphogenesis, functional deficits, and preterm embryonic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Hansen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Craig Harris
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Li J, Yang X, Liu F, Song Y, Liu Y. Activated PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Associates with Oxidative Stress and Impaired Developmental Potential of Vitrified-Thawed Oocytes. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:404-410. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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