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Pirmoradian M, Jerri Al-Bakhakh BA, Behroozibakhsh M, Pedram P. Repairability of aged dimethacrylate-free ORMOCER-based dental composite resins with different surface roughening methods and intermediate materials. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:1238-1249. [PMID: 35513916 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The repair of damaged composite resin restorations has been recommended as a conservative treatment option. However, a reliable protocol for repairing ORMOCER-based restorations is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different surface roughening methods, repair composite resins, and intermediate materials on the repair bond strength of a dimethacrylate-free ORMOCER-based composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cylindrical composite resin specimens (Admira Fusion) were roughened by using hydrofluoric acid (HF) or a diamond rotary instrument. In both groups, 4 types of intermediate materials were used (Monobond-S, Clearfil SE bond [second bottle], Clearfil Universal bond, GC Composite Primer), and then half of the specimens were repaired with a similar composite resin, and the other half with dimethacrylate composite resin (Clearfil-APX). The specimens (n=20) were then subjected to repair bond strength and failure mode evaluation. The data were analyzed by using the Weibull test, 3-way and 1-way ANOVA, and the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test (α=.05). RESULTS All variables, including the surface roughening method, intermediate material, and repair composite resin, had a significant effect on repair bond strength (P<.001). The lowest repair bond strength values were obtained in the group roughened with HF, prepared with Monobond-S, and repaired with Admira Fusion, and the highest values were obtained in the group roughened with a rotary instrument, prepared with GC Composite Primer, and repaired with Clearfil APX (P<.05). All experimental groups had a lower bond strength than the cohesive and control groups (P<.05). In all experimental groups, the predominant failure modes were adhesive and mixed. CONCLUSIONS The use of a diamond rotary instrument was a more reliable method of creating roughness, and different intermediate materials based on the clinical situation can be used to repair dimethacrylate-free ORMOCER-based composite resin with similar or different composite resins. However, in general, the highest repair bond strengths were achieved with Clearfil APX-repaired specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pirmoradian
- Graduate student, PhD candidate, Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Marjan Behroozibakhsh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Pedram
- Graduate student, PhD candidate, Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gad MM, Abualsaud R. Effect of repair and surface treatments on the strength of digitally fabricated resin-based dental prostheses: A systematic review of in vitro studies. J Dent 2024; 141:104806. [PMID: 38154701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review investigated the current literature pertaining to the repairability of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled and three-dimensional (3D) printed resin-based dental prostheses (RBDPs) as well as the appropriate surface treatment for each repair material that will produce adequate repair bond strength. DATA/SOURCES PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for published articles involving repair of CAD-CAM RBDPs between January 2010 and June 2023. Data were collected and analyzed to reveal the surface treatment effects, suggested repair materials, and strength of repaired RBDPs. STUDY SELECTION Out of 164 retrieved titles, 11 studies were included, of which five investigated the repair of 3D-printed RBDPs, three investigated the repair of CAD-CAM milled resins, and three investigated both materials. Additionally, of the included studies, seven investigated denture base resins, three studied provisional restoration resins, and one evaluated 3D-printed intraoral splints. Various surface treatments were suggested, with air-abrasive methods being the most commonly used. Different materials for resin repair were proposed and used, including auto-polymerized, reline, and composite resins. For 3D-printed resins, repair with Bis-acrylic/Bis-GMA composites improved repair strength. CONCLUSION Surface treatments positively affected the repair strength of conventional and milled RBDPs. However, challenges remain relevant to the repair of 3D-printed resins owing to composition mismatches and fabrication techniques. Therefore, further investigation is required to develop new 3D-printed resins. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE CAD-CAM milled resins have satisfactory repair strength, which increases with surface treatment. The repair of 3D-printed resins has proven challenging even with surface treatments. However, composite resins are the materials of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Gad
- Lecturer, Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem Abualsaud
- Associate Professor, Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Neto HNM, Leite JVC, de Medeiros JM, E Silva Campos D, de Araújo Ferreira Muniz I, De Andrade AKM, Duarte RM, De Souza GM, Lima RBW. Scoping review: Effect of surface treatments on bond strength of resin composite repair. J Dent 2024; 140:104737. [PMID: 37816488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the existing evidence on surface treatment techniques employed in resin composite repair and their effect on the repair short- and long-term bond strength. DATA AND SOURCE This scoping review was performed under the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews and registered on the Open Science Framework platform. STUDY SELECTION A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus and grey literature up to September 2022 without language or date restriction. In vitro studies comparing mechanical surface and/or chemical treatments on repair bond strength of resin composite were included. Studies evaluating experimental adhesive systems or resin composites were excluded. Selection of studies and data extraction were performed. Data from selected studies was qualitatively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 76 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Among the mechanical treatments, alumina blasting was the most frequently used, followed by silica coating and diamond bur. As for chemical treatments, dentin bonding systems were the most frequently evaluated, followed by universal adhesive systems and silane/ceramic primer. The combination of mechanical and chemical pre-treatments increased the repair bond strength of resin composite in both short- and long-term simulated aging scenarios. The evidence obtained from the included studies was classified as moderate quality, mainly due to the medium risk of bias observed across most of the studies. CONCLUSION The techniques used to treat the surface of resin composites for repair are diverse. Incorporating a combination of mechanical and chemical pre-treatments resulted in superior repair bond strength of resin composite materials under both short- and long-term simulated aging conditions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The analysis of evidence revealed significant variability among protocols for repairing resin composites. Utilizing both mechanical and chemical pre-treatment methods is important for enhancing the bond strength of resin composites during both short- and long-term simulated aging situations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rosângela Marques Duarte
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João, Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Grace Mendonça De Souza
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville (UofL), Louisville, KY, USA.
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Erbulak Z, Ergun G. The effects of different surface treatments applied to milled PMMA denture base material on repair bond strength. Odontology 2023; 111:953-970. [PMID: 37016128 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The high cost of CAD/CAM systems and materials is a severe economic burden. Therefore, repair of CAD/CAM PMMA, selecting appropriate repair materials, and surface modifications are clinically important. This study aims to evaluate the shear bond strength of PMMA repair materials after various surface treatments on CAD/CAM PMMA denture base material. For this purpose, a total of 480 CAD/CAM PMMA denture base test specimens were manufactured. Then all test specimens were divided into 6 groups, and different surface treatments were applied. Group A: sandblasting, Group B: 4% hydro fluoric acid, Group C: tungsten carbide bur, Group D: dichloromethane + methyl methacrylate mixture, Group E: dichloromethane and methyl methacrylate, Group F: no surface treatment. Each group is then divided into 4 different subcategories; repair processes were performed using; heat-cured acrylic resin (n:20), auto-polymerized acrylic resin (n:20), gingiva composite (n:20), and CAD/CAM PMMA tooth material (n:20). After repairs, thermal aging was applied to half of the test specimens in each subcategory. The shear bond strength value was measured with a universal test device. Sandblasting group showed the highest surface roughness value in all test specimens (p < 0.001). Heat-cured acrylic resin with sandblasting exhibited the highest bond strength, while the untreated gingiva composite resin exhibited the lowest value. Thermal aging decreased bond strength in all repair materials (p < 0.001). Among the surface treatment groups, sandblasting with Al2O3 particles exhibited the highest surface roughness value and repair bond strength. The application of organic solvents to the surface increased the surface roughness and repair bond strength. Applying dichloromethane and methyl methacrylate monomer separately is more effective than applying it as a mixture. The ideal bonding among repair materials was obtained with heat-cured acrylic resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahıde Erbulak
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Bişkek Cad. 1.Sk. No:4 06490 Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gulfem Ergun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Bişkek Cad. 1.Sk. No:4 06490 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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Ahlholm P, Staxrud F, Sipilä K, Vallittu P. Repair bond strength of bulk-fill composites: influence of different primers and direction of debonding stress. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2258924. [PMID: 37753305 PMCID: PMC10519262 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2258924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different adhesion primers on the repair bond strength of bulk-fill resin composite and short-term hydrolytic stability of the repair interface before and after accelerated aging. In addition, direction of debonding stress was examined. Materials and methods Bulk-fill substrates were aged in water for 14 days at 37 °C. Smooth resin composite surfaces were prepared for the substrates with a superfine grinding paper (FEPA #500, #1200, #2000). Test specimens were produced by attaching bulk-fill composite to the substrate surfaces, using three different primer/bonding systems. Specimens were aged 24 h at 37 °C in water, or thermal cycled (5-55 °C/5,000 cycles). Subsequently, shear bond strength and micro-tensile bond strength were evaluated. In total there were 60 specimens for the shear bond strength and 60 specimens for the micro-tensile bond strength measurements (30 stored in water 24 h, 30 thermal cycled, n = 10 in each primer/bonding mode). Results The mean shear bond strength was 9.1-13.1 MPa after 24 h water storage and 6.9-10.7 MPa after thermal cycling. The mean micro-tensile bond strength was 28.7-45.8 MPa after 24 h water storage and 22.7-37.9 MPa after thermal cycling. Conclusion The Ceramic primer (silane containing) seems to perform better than the three-step etch and rinse adhesive or the Composite primer. Shear-type stress had an adverse effect on the repair bond strength of bulk-fill resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Ahlholm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frode Staxrud
- Nordic Institute of Dental Materials, NIOM, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsi Sipilä
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre, TCBC Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
- Welfare Division, City of Turku, Finland
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Assaf A, Azer SS, Sfeir A, Al-Haj Husain N, Özcan M. Risk Factors with Porcelain Laminate Veneers Experienced during Cementation: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4932. [PMID: 37512206 PMCID: PMC10381715 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinical success of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) depends on many clinical and technical factors, from planning to execution, among which adhesive cementation is of significant importance. This procedure carries many risk factors if not optimally executed. The objective of this study was to document the clinical parameters affecting successful cementation procedures with a focus on the adhesive strength, integrity, and esthetics of the PLVs. A literature search was conducted through MEDLINE, complemented by a hand search using predefined keywords. Articles published in English between 1995 and 2023 were selected. According to this review, the success and longevity of PLVs rely in great part on the implementation of a precise cementation technique, starting from field isolation, adequate materials selection for adhesion, proper manipulation of the materials, the seating of the veneers, polymerization, and elimination of the excess cement. Several clinical steps performed before cementation, including treatment planning, preparation, impression, and adequate choice of the restorative material, could affect the quality of cementation. Scientific evidence suggests careful implementation of this process to achieve predictable outcomes with PLVs. The short- and long-term clinical success of adhesively luted PLVs is tributary to a deep understanding of the materials used and the implementation of clinical protocols. It is also contingent upon all the previous steps from case selection, treatment planning, and execution until and after the cementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Assaf
- Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Shereen S Azer
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentisry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Lassila L, Novotny R, Säilynoja E, Vallittu PK, Garoushi S. Wear behavior at margins of direct composite with CAD/CAM composite and enamel. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2419-2426. [PMID: 36746817 PMCID: PMC10159970 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate the two-body wear at the marginal area between direct filling composites and substrate of CAD/CAM composites or enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS Flat specimens were prepared from CAD/CAM composites (CERASMART 270 and SFRC CAD) and bovine enamel. A box-shaped cavity cut into CAD/CAM composites and enamel surfaces was made. The prepared cavity in CAD/CAM composites was treated with a primer, while in enamel, the cavity was treated with an adhesive. Three conventional composites (Universal Injectable, G-aenial A'Chord, and Filtek Bulk Fill) and one short fiber composite (everX Flow) were placed and cured in the prepared cavities. A two-body wear test was conducted with 15,000 chewing cycles using a dual-axis chewing simulator. The specimens (n = 5/per group) were positioned to produce wear (load = 20 N) across the marginal area between filling composites and substrates. The wear depth was analyzed using a 3D optical profilometer. SEM was used to evaluate the wear behavior and margins between the filling and substrate materials. RESULTS All composites used displayed different wear behavior (20-39 µm) (p < 0.05). The highest wear values were recorded for A'Chord and Filtek, while the lowest values were for Injectable and CERASMART 270. The data analysis showed that the wear behavior of substrate materials depends on the filling materials used at margins (p < 0.05). The marginal breakdown was seen only between bovine enamel and filling composites. CONCLUSIONS The use of the two-body wear simulation method revealed important information about the behavior of the filling composites at the marginal area with CAD/CAM composites or bovine enamel substrates. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The marginal breakdown related to the material combination at the bonding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lippo Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rudolf Novotny
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eija Säilynoja
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Research Development and Production Department, Stick Tech Ltd-Member of GC Group, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Maruo Y, Yoshihara K, Irie M, Nagaoka N, Matsumoto T, Minagi S. Does Multifunctional Acrylate's Addition to Methacrylate Improve Its Flexural Properties and Bond Ability to CAD/CAM PMMA Block? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7564. [PMID: 36363156 PMCID: PMC9657670 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a multifunctional acrylate copolymer-Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (TMPTA) and Di-pentaerythritol Polyacrylate (A-DPH)-on the mechanical properties of chemically polymerized acrylic resin and its bond strength to a CAD/CAM polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) disk. The methyl methacrylate (MMA) samples were doped with one of the following comonomers: TMPTA, A-DPH, or Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate (TMPTMA). The doping ratio ranged from 10 wt% to 50 wt% in 10 wt% increments. The flexural strength (FS) and modulus (FM) of PMMA with and without comonomer doping, as well as the shear bond strength (SBS) between the comonomer-doped PMMA and CAD/CAM PMMA disk, were evaluated. The highest FS (93.2 ± 4.2 MPa) was obtained when doped with 20 wt% of TMPTA. For TMPTMA, the FS decreased with the increase in the doping ratio. For SBS, TMPTA showed almost constant values (ranging from 7.0 to 8.2 MPa) regardless of the doping amount, and A-DPH peaked at 10 wt% doping (8.7 ± 2.2 MPa). TMPTMA showed two peaks at 10 wt% (7.2 ± 2.6 MPa) and 40 wt% (6.5 ± 2.3 MPa). Regarding the failure mode, TMPTMA showed mostly adhesive failure between the CAD/CAM PMMA disk and acrylic resin while TMPTA and A-DPH showed an increased rate of cohesive or mixed failures. Acrylate's addition as a comonomer to PMMA provided improved mechanical properties and bond strength to the CAD/CAM PMMA disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Maruo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshihara
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Masao Irie
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagaoka
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Shogo Minagi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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AKIN F, DİNÇ ATA G. Effect of different surface pretreatment methods on repair bond strength of resin composite subjected to pH-cycling. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1133747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different repair methods (Er:YAG laser and bur) with or without silane application on the microtensile bond strength of a nanohybrid resin composite aged with two different aging methods (pH cycling and thermocycling).
Material and Method: Resin composite blocks (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic, Kuraray, Japan) were randomly assigned into two groups for aging process: (a) pH cycling (b) thermocycling (5,000 cycles). After aging, the blocks were assigned to one of the following repair procedures: (1) Er:YAG laser (LightWalker STE-E, Fotona Medical Lasers, Ljubljana, Slovenia) (2) Er:YAG laser+silane (3) bur (4) bur+silane and (5) no-pretreatment group and (6) Cohesive control (cohesive strength of the resin). Resin composite (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic) was bonded to the conditioned substrates incrementally and light polymerized. Repaired samples were thermocycled (5.000 cycles). The microtensile bonding test was performed. The data were analyzed using Scheirer-Ray-Hare, Kruskal-Wallis Mann-Whitney U tests, Chi-square and Z tests with Bonferroni correction (p=0.05).
Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the aging methods applied to filling material (p=0.821) and the interaction of applied surface treatments and aging (p=0.289). All repair procedures achieved bond strength values higher than the no-pretreatment group but they did not reach the resin composite’s cohesive bond strength. Failure modes distribution was found statistically different according to repair procedure and also aging methods (p
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gül DİNÇ ATA
- BURSA ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ, KLİNİK BİLİMLER BÖLÜMÜ, RESTORATİF DİŞ TEDAVİSİ ANABİLİM DALI
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10
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Novelli C. Restoration of gingival recession with periodontal preformed composite veneers. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:1135-1145. [PMID: 33768797 PMCID: PMC7981692 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recovery from periodontal disease is not completed until the esthetic sequelae of the disease have been restored. This paper introduces a new technique to restore the natural appearance of the smile in a periodontal patient in a single appointment.
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Which surface treatment promotes higher bond strength for the repair of resin nanoceramics and polymer-infiltrated ceramics? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:139-149. [PMID: 33573835 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Which surface treatment provides the optimal bond strength (BS) for the repair of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) and polymer-infiltrated ceramics (PICs) is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies was to determine the best surface treatment protocols for the repair of PICs and RNCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched to select in vitro studies in English up to March 2020. Studies with fewer than 5 specimens, those that did not evaluate the BS of PICs or RNCs, and those with aging for fewer than 30 days and 5000 cycles were excluded. Data sets were extracted, and the mean differences were analyzed by using a systematic review software program. RESULTS Among 284 potentially eligible studies, 21 were selected for full-text analysis, and 9 were included in the systematic review, of which 6 were used in the meta-analysis. The meta-analyses were performed for each treatment surface versus their respective control group and their combinations according to material: RNCs and PICs. For RNCs, airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) treatment was statistically higher than tribochemical silica airborne-particle abrasion (CoJet) (P=.02, I2=90%) and that in the hydrofluoric acid (HF) (P<.001, I2=0%) groups and was statistically similar to diamond rotary instrument grinding (P=.40, I2=54%). For PICs, the treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF) was statistically significantly higher than with CoJet (P=.03, I2=62%) and airborne-particle abrasion with Al2O3 (P<.001, I2=98%). CONCLUSIONS The best surface treatment protocol for repair varied according to the restorative material. HF followed by silanization is suggested for PICs, and airborne-particle abrasion with Al2O3 or preparation with a diamond rotary instrument for RNCs.
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Chen KK, Chen JH, Wu JH, Du JK. Influence of commercial adhesive with/without silane on the bond strength of resin-based composite repaired within twenty-four hours. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:877-884. [PMID: 34141101 PMCID: PMC8189866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose It is not clear whether the ground surface of resin-based composite (RBC) polymerized requires the application of an adhesive with/without a silane to improve bond strength. This study investigated the bond strength of RBC repaired within 24 h via the application of adhesive with/without a silane. Materials and methods Seventy RBC blocks were prepared and assigned to either 0 or 24 h repair stage. Each stage was divided into seven groups: a control group with no surface roughening or applied adhesive, a surface-roughened group with no applied adhesive, two surface-roughened groups treated with a G-aenial Bond adhesive and a BeautiBond Multi adhesive, two surface-roughened groups treated with the previously-mentioned adhesives as well as silane coupling agents, and one group treated with a Single Bond Universal silane-containing adhesive. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) measurements were performed after the repaired RBC blocks of each group (n = 5) had been immersed in a 37 °C water bath for 24 h. The failure mode of each sample was determined, and the data were analyzed via one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett's test (p = 0.05). Results Regardless of the repair stage, the μTBS values of the adhesive-only and silane-adhesive groups did not differ significantly from those of the control group (p > 0.05). Only the no-adhesive groups exhibited a significantly time-dependent increase in adhesive failure rate. Conclusion Our results suggest that the application of adhesives either with or without silane can significantly increase the bond strength of repairs to RBCs polymerized within 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker-Kong Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Huey Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Hui Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Kang Du
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. Fax: + 886 7 3121510.
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Yang J, Liao M, Hong G, Dai S, Shen J, Xie H, Chen C. Effect of APTES- or MPTS-Conditioned Nanozirconia Fillers on Mechanical Properties of Bis-GMA-Based Resin Composites. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32540-32550. [PMID: 33376891 PMCID: PMC7758951 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)- or (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTS)-conditioned nanozirconia fillers on the mechanical properties of Bis-GMA-based resin composites. The conditioned fillers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermodynamic calculations. They were then used to prepare Bis-GMA-based resin composites, whose flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assessed the composites' cytotoxicity. The FTIR spectra of the conditioned fillers showed new absorption bands at 1569 and 1100 cm-1, indicating successful grafting of APTES or MPTS onto nanozirconia. XPS confirmed the Zr-O-Si bonds in the APTES- or MPTS-conditioned fillers at contents of 2.02 and 6.98%, respectively. Thermodynamic calculations reaffirmed the chemical binding between the two silanes and nanozirconia fillers. Composites containing the conditioned nanozirconia fillers had significantly greater flexural strengths (APTES, 121.02 ± 8.31 MPa; MPTS, 132.80 ± 15.80 MPa; control, 94.84 ± 9.28 MPa) and elastic moduli (8.76 ± 0.52, 9.24 ± 0.60, and 7.44 ± 0.83 GPa, respectively) than a control with untreated fillers. The cytotoxicity assay identified no significant cytotoxicity by composites containing the conditioned fillers. Silanes were previously considered to be unable to chemically condition zirconia to bond with resin. Inclusion of APTES- or MPTS-conditioned nanozirconia fillers can improve the mechanical properties of Bis-GMA-based resin composites without obvious cytotoxicity in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxue Yang
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mengyuan Liao
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Gaoying Hong
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shiqi Dai
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiadi Shen
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, Affiliated
Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical
University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haifeng Xie
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, Affiliated
Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical
University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Machry RV, Fontana PE, Bohrer TC, Valandro LF, Kaizer OB. Effect of Different Surface Treatments of Resin Relined Fiber Posts Cemented With Self-adhesive Resin Cement on Push-out and Microtensile Bond Strength Tests. Oper Dent 2020; 45:E185-E195. [PMID: 32216727 DOI: 10.2341/19-108-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE When luting relined fiber posts with self-adhesive cement, the surface treatment of the posts influences the adhesion of the fiber posts to root dentin. SUMMARY This study evaluated the effect of surface treatment and silanization of resin composite on the bond strength of relined fiber posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. Push-out and microtensile bond strength (MTBS) tests were performed in this study. The endodontic treatment of 80 single-rooted bovine teeth was first performed in the push- out test segment, followed by weakening the intracanal walls by diamond bur. Then, the glass fiber posts were adapted with resin composite to fill the root canals, followed by photoactivation and resin surface conditioning according to four different experimental conditions: no conditioning as control, 10% hydrofluoric acid, 35% hydrogen peroxide, or air abrasion with alumina particle (all groups were subdivided into "with silanization" or "without silanization," thus totaling eight experimental groups). Self-adhesive resin cement was used for the post cementation. Four slices per tooth were obtained for the push-out tests. Next, 160 blocks of resin composite were first produced for the MTBS tests; their bonding surfaces were conditioned (as mentioned, ie, eight treatments), and they were cemented to each other. The 80 sets (n=10/treatment) were then cut into microbars (16/set): eight were immediately tested, while the other eight were thermocycled (12,000×) and stored (120 days) before MTBS. Failure modes and topographic analyses were performed after treatments. There was no statistically significant difference for the push-out results. In MTBS, surface treatment and silanization had a significant effect (p<0.001). Aging decreased bond strength for all groups. Considering the aged groups, air abrasion promoted the highest values and silanization improved bond strength for all treatments except air abrasion. The alumina particle air abrasion of the relining resin composite promoted the highest bond strengths when luting with self-adhesive resin cement.
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15
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Fushiki R, Komine F, Kimura F, Kusaba K, Kondo T, Moriya Y, Matsumura H. Bond strengths between gingiva-colored layering resin composite and zirconia frameworks coated with feldspathic porcelain. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:547-554. [PMID: 31105163 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated shear bond strengths of two gingiva-colored layering resin composites to zirconia frameworks coated with feldspathic porcelain. Airborne-particle abraded porcelain-coated zirconia disks were treated with one of the following primers: Clearfil Photo Bond, Clearfil Photo Bond with Clearfil Porcelain Bond Activator (CPB+Activator), Estenia Opaque Primer, Porcelain Liner M Liquid B (PLB), or no primer. A light-polymerizing (CER) or a photo/heat-polymerizing gingiva-colored indirect resin composite (EST) was bonded to the porcelain-coated zirconia disks in each group (n=11). Shear bond strength was measured. For both CER and EST specimens, bond strengths in CPB+Act group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. In all priming groups, bond strength was significantly higher for EST specimens than for CER specimens. Combined application of a phosphate monomer and silane enhanced initial bond strength of light-polymerized and photo/heat-polymerized gingiva-colored layering resin composites to porcelain-coated zirconia ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fushiki
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Futoshi Komine
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Fumiaki Kimura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Kosuke Kusaba
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Tomohide Kondo
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yuta Moriya
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Hideo Matsumura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Gresnigt MM, Cune MS, Schuitemaker J, van der Made SA, Meisberger EW, Magne P, Özcan M. Performance of ceramic laminate veneers with immediate dentine sealing: An 11 year prospective clinical trial. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1042-1052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kanzow P, Baxter S, Rizk M, Wassmann T, Wiegand A. Effectiveness of a universal adhesive for repair bonding to composite and amalgam. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:343-350. [PMID: 31217385 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to compare the repair bond strength of aged composite and amalgam repaired with resin composite after various mechanical and adhesive surface treatments. Specimens were aged by thermal cycling (10,000 cycles, 5-55°C) and randomly subjected to one of three surface treatments: diamond bur abrasion, aluminum oxide air abrasion, or silica coating. Conventional bonding or a universal adhesive with incorporated silane was applied afterward (each n = 16) and resin composite was attached. In the control groups (each n = 16), resin composite was attached using one of the above adhesives without prior mechanical surface conditioning. After further thermal cycling, the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure modes were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA, Weibull statistics, two sample t-tests, and Chi2-test (P < 0.05). The SBS of the repaired amalgam was significantly lower than that of the composite and mechanical pretreatment significantly increased SBS. The universal adhesive significantly improved the SBS of the repaired amalgam compared to the conventional bonding agent and mechanical pretreatment increased the number of cohesive/mixed failures. Amalgam restorations may be repaired using resin composites, but the resulting SBS is lower than that obtained with composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kanzow
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Steffi Baxter
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Marta Rizk
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Torsten Wassmann
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen
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18
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Jeong KW, Kim SH. Influence of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM provisional restorations. J Adv Prosthodont 2019; 11:95-104. [PMID: 31080570 PMCID: PMC6491361 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2019.11.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength and to measure the fracture toughness of CAD/CAM provisional restoration materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four CAD/CAM (3D printing: Nextdent C&B and ZMD-1000B Temporary, CAD/CAM resin block: Yamahachi PMMA disk and Huge PMMA block) and four conventional (monometacrylate: Jet and Alike, dimetacrylate: Luxatemp and Protemp 4) materials were selected to fabricate disk-shaped specimens and divided into six groups according to surface treatment (n=10). CAD/CAM materials were repaired with Jet or Luxatemp, while conventional materials were repaired with their own materials. The shear bond strength was measured by using universal testing machine. Ten rectangular column-shaped specimens for each material were fabricated to measure the fracture toughness by single edge v notched beam technique. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS The highest shear bond strength of CAD/CAM materials was achieved by SiC paper + sandblasting. It was also accomplished when repairing 3D printing materials with Luxatemp, and repairing CAD/CAM resin blocks with Jet. Yamahachi PMMA disk showed the highest fracture toughness. Nextdent C&B showed the lowest fracture toughness value but no statistically significant difference from Alike and Luxatemp (P>.05). CONCLUSION In order to successfully repair the CAD/CAM provisional restoration, mechanical surface treatment and appropriate repair material according to the CAD/CAM material type should be selected. The CAD/CAM provisional materials have proper mechanical properties for clinical use as compared to conventional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Won Jeong
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Maeder M, Pasic P, Ender A, Özcan M, Benic GI, Ioannidis A. Load-bearing capacities of ultra-thin occlusal veneers bonded to dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 95:165-171. [PMID: 31009900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test whether the load-bearing capacity of occlusal veneers made of ceramic or hybrid materials bonded to dentin does differ from those of porcelain-fused-to metal or lithium disilicate glass ceramic crowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 80 human molars, occlusal tooth substance was removed so that the defects extended into dentin, simulating defects caused by attrition/erosion. Restorations at a standardized thickness of either 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm were digitally designed. For both thicknesses, 4 test groups (n = 10 per group) were defined, each including a different restorative material: "0.5-ZIR": 0.5 mm thick zirconia (Vita YZ HT); "1.0-ZIR": 1.0 mm thick zirconia (Vita YZ HT); "0.5-LDC": 0.5 mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press); "1.0-LDC": 1.0 mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press); "0.5-HYC": 0.5 mm thick PICN (Vita Enamic); "1.0-HYC": 1.0 mm thick PICN (Vita Enamic); "0.5-COC": 0.5 mm thick tooth shaded resin composite (Lava Ultimate) and "1.0-COC": 1.0 mm thick tooth shaded resin composite (Lava Ultimate). Consecutively, the specimens were thermo-mechanically aged and then loaded until fracture. The load-bearing capacities (Fmax) between the groups were statistically compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) and pairwise group comparison applying the Dunn's method. In addition, the results were compared to those of conventional lithium-disilicate ceramic crowns ("CLD") and to porcelain-fused to metal crowns ("PFM"). RESULTS The median Finitial values for the 0.5 mm thin restorations were 1'350 N for 0.5-ZIR, 850 N for 0.5-LDC, 1'100 N for 0.5-HYC and 1'950 N for 0.5-COC. With CLD as the control, a significant difference was found between the groups 0.5-COC and 0.5-LDC (KW: p = 0.0124). With PFM as the control, the comparisons between PFM and 0.5-LDC as well as between 0.5-COC and 0.5-LDC were significant (KW: p = 0.0026). Median Fmax values of 2'493 N in the group 0.5-ZIR, 1'165 in the group 0.5-LDC, 2'275 N in the group 0.5-HYC and 2'265 N in the group 0.5-COC were found. The medians of the Finitial values for the 1.0 thick restorations amounted of 2'100 N in 1.0-ZIR, 1'750 N in 1.0-LDC, 2'000 N in 1.0-HYC and 2'300 N in 1.0-COC. Testing the multiple comparisons with Dunn's method no significant differences were found (p > 0.05). The median Fmax values of the 1.0 mm thick restorations were: 2'489 N in the group 1.0-ZIR, 1'864 N in the group 1.0-LDC, 2'485 N in the group 1.0-HYC and 2'479 N in the group 1.0-COC. With CLD as the control group, a significant difference between zirconia and lithium-disilicate was found for the 0.5 (p = 0.0017) and 1.0 mm (p = 0.0320) thick specimens. Comparing the 0.5 mm thick specimens with CLD as the control, a significant difference was found between 0.5-HYC and 0.5-LDC (p = 0.0017). With PFM as the control, the comparison of lithium disilicate and zirconia was statistically significant for both thicknesses (p = 0.0009 for the 0.5 mm thick specimens; p = 0.0074 for the 1.0 mm thick specimens). In addition, with PFM as control group, significant differences were seen between 0.5-LDC and all other groups with restorations in 0.5 mm thickness (p = 0.0017). CONCLUSIONS Regarding their maximum load-bearing capacity, minimally invasive occlusal veneers made of ceramic, hybrid materials or polymeric materials can be applied to correct occlusal tooth wear with exposed dentin and thus replace conventional crown restorations in cases of normally expected intraoral bite forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Maeder
- Doctoral Student at the Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pavla Pasic
- Doctoral Student at the Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adreas Ender
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Goran I Benic
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Ioannidis
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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20
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Arpa C, Ceballos L, Fuentes MV, Perdigão J. Repair bond strength and nanoleakage of artificially aged CAD-CAM composite resin. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:523-530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Ioannidis A, Mühlemann S, Özcan M, Hüsler J, Hämmerle CHF, Benic GI. Ultra-thin occlusal veneers bonded to enamel and made of ceramic or hybrid materials exhibit load-bearing capacities not different from conventional restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 90:433-440. [PMID: 30447557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to test whether or not the load-bearing capacity of occlusal veneers bonded to enamel and made of ceramic or hybrid materials does differ from those of porcelain-fused-to-metal or lithium disilicate glass ceramic crowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 80 human molars occlusal enamel was removed without extending into the dentin in order to mimic substance defects caused by attrition. The restorations were digitally designed at a standardized thickness of either 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm. For each thickness, 4 test groups were formed each including a different restorative material: "0.5-ZIR": 0.5 mm thick zirconia (Vita YZ HT); "1.0-ZIR": 1.0 mm thick zirconia (Vita YZ HT); "0.5-LDC": 0.5 mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press); "1.0-LDC": 1.0 mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press); "0.5-HYC": 0.5 mm thick PICN (Vita Enamic); "1.0-HYC": 1.0 mm thick PICN (Vita Enamic); "0.5-COC": 0.5 mm thick tooth shaded resin composite (Lava Ultimate) and "1.0-COC": 1.0 mm thick tooth shaded resin composite (Lava ultimate). Each group consists of 10 specimens. Two additional groups of 10 specimens each were used as controls and exhibited conventional crown preparations. In one group the crowns were made of lithium-disilicate ceramic ("CLD": IPS e.max CAD) and the other group consisted of porcelain-fused to metal crowns ("PFM"). All restorations were cemented onto the prepared teeth following the manufacturer's instruction of the corresponding luting cement. Subsequently, they were thermo-mechanically aged and then loaded until fracture. Load-bearing capacities (Fmax) between the groups were compared applying the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) and pairwise group comparisons using the Dunn's method. RESULTS Median values (and quartiles) for the load-bearing capacity amounted to (Fmax) 2'407 (1'670; 2'490) N for the CLD group and to 2'033 (1'869; 2'445) N for the PFM group. For the 0.5 mm thick restorations Fmax reached the highest median value in group 0.5-HYC 2'390 (1'355; 2'490) N, followed by 0.5-COC 2'200 (1'217; 2'492) N and 0.5-LDC 1'692 (1'324; 2'355) N. No results were obtained for group 0.5-ZIR due to the impracticability to fabricate ultra-thin specimens. The distribution of the values for the 1.0 mm thick restorations was 2'489 (2'426; 2'491) N for 1.0-COC, 2'299 (2'156; 2'490) N for 1.0-ZIR, 2'124 (1'245; 2'491) N for 1.0-HYC, and 1'537 (1'245; 1'783) N for 1.0-LDC. The differences of the medians between the test and the control groups did not reach statistical significance for the 0.5 mm thick specimens (KW: p = 0.6952 and p = 0.6986). Within the groups exhibiting 1.0 mm thickness, however, significant different medians were found: 1.0-LDC < 1.0-ZIR and 1.0-LDC < 1.0-COC (KW: p < 0.0209). CONCLUSIONS Regarding their maximum load-bearing capacity, minimally invasive occlusal veneers made of ceramic and hybrid materials can be applied to correct occlusal tooth wear and thus replace conventional crown restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Ioannidis
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sven Mühlemann
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Hüsler
- Department of Mathematical Statistics, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph H F Hämmerle
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Goran I Benic
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Elshereksi NW, Ghazali M, Muchtar A, Azhari CH. Review of titanate coupling agents and their application for dental composite fabrication. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:539-552. [PMID: 28652551 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Silane is a dominant coupler that is widely used in dentistry to promote adhesion among the components of dental composites. Silica-based fillers can be easily silanized because of their similarly ordered structure. However, silane is hydrolytically degraded in the aqueous oral environment and inefficiently bonds to non-silica fillers. Thus, the development of hydrolytically stable dental composites is an important objective in the research on dental materials. Titanate coupling agents (TCAs) exhibit satisfactory interfacial bonding, enhanced homogeneous filler dispersion, and improved mechanical properties of the composites. Titanates also provide superior hydrolytic stability in wet environments, which should be considered in fabricating dental composites. The addition of a small amount of titanates can improve the resistance of the composites to moisture. This paper reviews the effects of the instability of silanes in moisture on the performance of dental composites and presents TCAs as alternative couplers to silanes for fabricating dental composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Wanis Elshereksi
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.,Department of Dental Technology, College of Medical Technology
| | - Mariyam Ghazali
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | - Andanastuti Muchtar
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | - Che Husna Azhari
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
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Semidirect posterior composite restorations with a flexible die technique: A case series. J Am Dent Assoc 2017; 148:671-676. [PMID: 28366225 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2017.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW Besides indirect use in the laboratory and direct use for restorations, composites can be used in semidirect procedures. The authors describe the semidirect composite restoration technique by using a flexible die for large lesions in posterior teeth. CASE DESCRIPTION The authors present illustrations of the clinical steps and the outcomes immediately after the procedures. The authors placed chairside inlay, onlay, and overlay composite restorations. The final esthetic outcome, along with function and anatomic form recovery, demonstrated that this might be a viable cost-effective alternative technique to laboratory-fabricated indirect restorations. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians can restore large preparations in posterior teeth successfully with semidirect composite restorations in a single appointment by using the flexible die technique, resulting in satisfactory function and esthetic outcome.
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Effect of different surface treatment techniques on the repair strength of indirect composites. J Dent 2017; 59:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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25
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Does acid etching morphologically and chemically affect lithium disilicate glass ceramic surfaces? J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2017; 15:e93-e100. [PMID: 27647389 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the surface morphology, chemical composition and adhesiveness of lithium disilicate glass ceramic after acid etching with hydrofluoric acid or phosphoric acid. METHODS Lithium disilicate glass ceramic specimens polished by 600-grit silicon carbide paper were subjected to one or a combination of these surface treatments: airborne particle abrasion with 50-μm alumina (AA), etching with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) or 36% phosphoric acid (Phos), and application of silane coupling agent (Si). Stainless steel rods of 3.6-mm diameter and 2.0-mm height were cemented onto treated ceramic surfaces with a self-adhesive resin cement (Clearfil SA Cement). Shear bond strengths between ceramic and cement were measured after 24-hour storage in 37°C distilled water. RESULTS SEM images of AA revealed the formation of conventional microretentive grooves, but acid etching with HF or Phos produced a porous surface. Bond strengths of AA+HF+Si (28.1 ± 6.0 MPa), AA+Phos+Si (17.5 ± 4.1 MPa) and HF+Si (21.0 ± 3.0 MPa) were significantly greater than those of non-pretreated controls with Si (9.7 ± 3.7 MPa) and without Si (4.1 ± 2.4 MPa) (p<0.05). In addition, HF etching alone (26.2 ± 7.5 MPa) had significantly higher bond strength than AA alone (11.5 ± 4.0 MPa) (p<0.05). AA+HF, AA+Phos and HF showed cohesive failures. CONCLUSIONS Etching with HF or Phos yielded higher bond strength between lithium disilicate glass ceramic and self-adhesive resin cement without microcrack formation.
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SOUZA MOD, LEITUNE VCB, RODRIGUES SB, SAMUEL SMW, COLLARES FM. One-year aging effects on microtensile bond strengths of composite and repairs with different surface treatments. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e4. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cekic-Nagas I, Ergun G, Egilmez F, Vallittu PK, Lassila LVJ. Micro-shear bond strength of different resin cements to ceramic/glass-polymer CAD-CAM block materials. J Prosthodont Res 2016; 60:265-273. [PMID: 26973053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid treatment on bond strength of resin cements to three different types of ceramic/glass containing CAD-CAM block composite materials. METHODS CAD-CAM block materials of polymer infiltrated (Vita Enamic), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate) and nanoceramic (Cerasmart) with a thickness of 1.5mm were randomly divided into two groups according to the surface treatment performed. In Group 1, specimens were wet-ground with silicon carbide abrasive papers up to no. 1000. In Group 2, 9.6% hydrofluoric acid gel was applied to ceramics. Three different resin cements (RelyX, Variolink Esthetic and G-CEM LinkAce) were applied to the tubes in 1.2-mm thick increments and light-cured for 40s using LED light curing unit. Half of the specimens (n=10) were submitted to thermal cycling (5000 cycles, 5-55°C). The strength measurements were accomplished with a universal testing machine (Lloyd Instruments) at a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min until the failure occurs. Failure modes were examined using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests (α=0.05). RESULTS There were significant differences between ceramics and resin cements (p<0.001). However, hydrofluoric acid gel treatment had no effect on bond strength values (p=0.073). In addition, thermal cycling significantly decreased bond strength values of resin cements to ceramics (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Use of appropriate resin cement systems with different ceramic/glass-polymer materials might promote the bonding capacity of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Cekic-Nagas
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gulfem Ergun
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferhan Egilmez
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pekka Kalevi Vallittu
- Institute of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; City of Turku, Division of Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo Veli Juhana Lassila
- Institute of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Durgesh BH, Alhijji S, Hashem MI, Al Kheraif AA, Durgesh P, Elsharawy M, Vallittu PK. Influence of tooth brushing on adhesion strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to porcelain. Biomed Mater Eng 2016; 27:365-374. [PMID: 27689570 DOI: 10.3233/bme-161592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhesive resin composite, which is used to bond orthodontic bracket to tooth surface is exposed to the influence of wear by tooth brushing and wear may influence loosening of the bracket. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of tooth brushing on the adhesion strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to surface treated porcelain. METHOD A total of 90 glazed porcelain fused to metal facets (PFM) were randomly assigned into 3 groups according to the surface treatment to be received. Group 1 was conditioned with hydrofluoric acid (HF), group 2 conditioned with grit-blasting (GB) and group 3 conditioned with tribochemical silica coating (RC). The groups were evaluated for surface roughness (Ra) before and after surface treatment. Next, 15 samples from each group were subjected to brushing and remaining 15 samples served as the baseline (n=15). Adhesion strength (shear bond strength)was recorded using a universal testing machine. Data collected were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc analysis. RESULTS Tooth brushing decreased the bond strength in all groups. The highest adhesion strength (baseline and after brushing) was observed in group 3 (26.8 ± 1.77 MPa and 23.57 ± 1.02 MPa) and the lowest was found in group 1 (9.6 ± 1.5 MPa and 5.87 ± 0.77 MPa). Group 3 specimens exhibited the highest Ra (1.24 ± 0.08). CONCLUSION It was found that tooth brushing of the exposed adhesive resin composite at the bracket-bonding substrate interface lowers the bonding strength regardless of the surface treatment of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangalore H Durgesh
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mails: , , , .,Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saleh Alhijji
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mails: , , ,
| | - Mohamed I Hashem
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mails: , , , .,Dental Biomaterials Department, College of Dentistry, Al Azhar University, Egypt
| | - AbdulAziz A Al Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mails: , , ,
| | - Pavithra Durgesh
- General Dentist, Private Dental Practice, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Mohamed Elsharawy
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku and City of Turku Welfare Division, Finland. E-mail: .,Visiting Professor Program, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Loomans BAC, Özcan M. Intraoral Repair of Direct and Indirect Restorations: Procedures and Guidelines. Oper Dent 2016; 41:S68-S78. [DOI: 10.2341/15-269-lit] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The service life of defective direct or indirect restorations could be prolonged by repair or relayering actions where durable adhesion of resin-based composite materials is established for longevity of repairs. The advances in adhesive technologies have introduced several surface conditioning concepts to adhere resin composites onto different restorative materials. The purpose of this report is to summarize reasons for failure, survival of repaired reconstructions, elaborate upon types and mechanisms of available surface conditioning methods, and present operative dentists with practical guidelines for intraoral repair procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- BAC Loomans
- Bas A.C. Loomans, DDS, PhD, Department of Dentistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M Özcan
- Mutlu Özcan, Dr med dent, PhD, Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mossa H, ElKhatat E, Hassan AM, Baroudi K, Beshr K. Effect of hyperbaric oxygen profiles on the bond strength of repaired composite resin. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:S70-4. [PMID: 27195232 PMCID: PMC4863488 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.181189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to evaluate the bond strength of repaired three types of composite resins under various hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) profiles with various session numbers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty specimens of three types of composite resin (nanofilled composite, nanohybrid composite and microfilled composite) each type of composite was divided into four group according to various profiles of HBO treatment (control, 2bar, 3 bar and 5 bar). Then, the specimens were repaired; thermocycled, the tensile bond strength were measured. Then the data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest bond strength was obtained for the repaired nanofilled composite resin specimens while; the lowest bond strength was obtained for the repaired microfilled composite resin specimens. The highest tensile bond strength was recorded for the specimens who treated with the highest pressure of HBO. CONCLUSION The bond strength of repaired nanofilled composite resins is better than the other types of composite resin. The highest pressure of HBO, the highest bond strength of repaired composite resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Mossa
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam ElKhatat
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Hassan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kusai Baroudi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Beshr
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Campos F, Almeida CS, Rippe MP, de Melo RM, Valandro LF, Bottino MA. Resin Bonding to a Hybrid Ceramic: Effects of Surface Treatments and Aging. Oper Dent 2016; 41:171-8. [DOI: 10.2341/15-057-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to verify the effects of different surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength between resin cement and a hybrid ceramic. Thirty-two hybrid ceramic slices (8 × 10 × 3 mm) were produced and allocated among four groups according to the surface treatment: Cont = no treatment, HA = 10% hydrofluoric acid applied for 60 seconds, PA = 37% phosphoric acid applied for 60 seconds and CJ = air abrasion with silica particle coated alumina (Cojet Sand, 3M ESPE, 30 μm/2.8 bar). As a control group, eight blocks of feldspathic ceramic (8 × 10 × 3 mm) were etched by hydrofluoric acid for 60 seconds (VMII). After the surface treatments, the ceramic slices were silanized (except the Cont group) and adhesively cemented to composite resin blocks (8 × 10 × 3 mm ) with a load of 750 g (polymerized for 40 seconds each side). The cemented blocks were cut into beams (bonded surface area of ∼1 mm2). Half of the beams were aged (thermocycling of 5°C-55°C/6000 cycles + water storage at 37°C/60 days), and the other half were tested immediately after being cut. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (non-aged groups) and by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (aged groups; α=0.05%). The mode of failure was classified by stereomicroscopy. The surface treatment significantly affected the bond strength in each set of groups: non-aged (p=0.001) and aged (p=0.001). Before being aged, samples in the CJ, HA, and PA groups achieved the highest bond strength values. However, after being aged, only those in the HA group remained with the highest bond strength values. Adhesive failure was found most often. In conclusion, hydrofluoric acid etching should be used for surface conditioning of the studied hybrid ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Campos
- Fernanda Campos, DDS, MSc, PhD Student in Prosthodontics, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - CS Almeida
- Carolina Souza Almeida, DDS, MSc, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - MP Rippe
- Marilia Pivetta Rippe, DDS, MSc, PhD, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS,, Brazil
| | - RM de Melo
- Renata Marques de Melo, DDS, MSc, PhD, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - LF Valandro
- Luiz Felipe Valandro, DDS, MSc, PhD, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - MA Bottino
- Marco Antonio Bottino, DDS, PhD, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Green D, Mackenzie L, Banerjee A. Minimally invasive long-term management of direct restorations: the ‘5 rs’. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 42:413-6, 419-21, 423-6. [DOI: 10.12968/denu.2015.42.5.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Green
- StR in Restorative Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital, London, UK
| | - Louis Mackenzie
- General Dental Practitioner and Clinical Lecturer, College of Dental and Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Professor of Cariology and Operative Dentistry; Hon Consultant/Clinical Lead, Restorative Dentistry, KCL Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK
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Kirmali O, Barutcugil C, Harorli O, Kapdan A, Er K. Resin cement to indirect composite resin bonding: effect of various surface treatments. SCANNING 2015; 37:89-94. [PMID: 25488400 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Debonding at the composite-adhesive interface is a major problem for indirect composite restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength (BS) of an indirect composite resin after various surface treatments (air-abrasion with Al2O3, phosphoric acid-etchig and different applications of NdYAG laser irradiations). Fifty composite disks were subjected to secondary curing to complete polymerization and randomly divided into five experimental groups (n = 10) including Group 1, untreated (control); Group 2, phosphoric acid-etched; Group 3, air-abrasion with Al2 O3 ; Group 4, Nd:YAG laser irradiated with non-contact and Group 5, Nd:YAG laser irradiated with contact. They were then bonded to resin cement and shear BS was determined in a universal testing device at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc tests were used to analyze the BS values. The highest BS value was observed in Group 4 and followed by Group 3. Tukey test showed that there was no statistical difference between Group1, 2 and 5. Furthermore, differences in BSs between Group 4 and the other groups except Group 3 were significant (p < 0.05) and also there were significant differences in BSs between Group 3 to 1 and Group 3 to 2 (p < 0.05). This study reveals that air-abrasion with Al2 O3 and Nd:YAG laser irradiation with non-contact provided a significant increase in BS between indirect composite and resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Kirmali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Celik C, Cehreli SB, Arhun N. Resin composite repair: Quantitative microleakage evaluation of resin-resin and resin-tooth interfaces with different surface treatments. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:92-99. [PMID: 25713491 PMCID: PMC4319307 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.149652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effect of different adhesive systems and surface treatments on the integrity of resin-resin and resin-tooth interfaces after partial removal of preexisting resin composites using quantitative image analysis for microleakage testing protocol. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 human molar teeth were restored with either of the resin composites (Filtek Z250/GrandioSO) occlusally. The teeth were thermocycled (1000×). Mesial and distal 1/3 parts of the restorations were removed out leaving only middle part. One side of the cavity was finished with course diamond bur and the other was air-abraded with 50 μm Al2O3. They were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10) to receive: Group 1: Adper Single Bond 2; Group 2: All Bond 3; Group 3: ClearfilSE; Group 4: BeautiBond, before being repaired with the same resin composite (Filtek Z250). The specimens were re-thermocycled (1000×), sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin, sectioned mesiodistally and photographed digitally. The extent of dye penetration was measured by image analysis software (ImageJ) for both bur-finished and air-abraded surfaces at resin-tooth and resin-resin interfaces. The data were analyzed statistically. Results: BeautiBond exhibited the most microleakage at every site. Irrespective of adhesive and initial composite type, air-abrasion showed less microleakage except for BeautiBond. The type of initial repaired restorative material did not affect the microleakage. BeautiBond adhesive may not be preferred in resin composite repair in terms of microleakage prevention. Conclusions: Surface treatment with air-abrasion produced the lowest microleakage scores, independent of the adhesive systems and the pre-existing resin composite type. Pre-existing composite type does not affect the microleakage issue. All-in-one adhesive resin (BeautiBond) may not be preferred in resin composite repair in terms of microleakage prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Celik
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Sevi Burcak Cehreli
- Departments of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Neslihan Arhun
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkiye
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Zaghloul H, Elkassas DW, Haridy MF. Effect of incorporation of silane in the bonding agent on the repair potential of machinable esthetic blocks. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:44-52. [PMID: 24966745 PMCID: PMC4054031 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.126240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the repair potential of CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) ceramic and composite blocks using a silane-containing bonding agent with different repair protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four discs were constructed from CAD/CAM ceramic and composite blocks. The discs were divided into six groups according to surface pre-treatment employed; GI: Diamond stone roughening (SR), GII: SR+ silanization (SR+S), GIII: Hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), GIV: HF+ silanization (HF+S), GV: Silica coating (SC), GVI: SC+ silanization (SC+S). Silane-containing bonding agent (Single Bond Universal adhesive, 3M ESPE) was applied to the pre-treated discs. Prior to light curing, irises were cut from tygon tubes (internal diameter = 0.8 mm and height = 0.5 mm) and mounted on each treated surface. Nanofilled resin composite (Filtek Z350(XT), 3M ESPE) was packed into the cylinder lumen and light-cured (n = 10). The specimens were subjected to microshear bond strength testing (μ-SBS) using universal testing machine. Failure modes of the fractured specimens were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Eight representative discs were prepared to analyze the effect of surface treatments on surface topography using FESEM. μ-SBS results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukeys post-hoc test. RESULTS Three-way ANOVA results showed that the materials, surface pre-treatment protocols, and silanization step had a statistically significant effect on the mean μ-SBS values at P ≤ 0.001. For ceramic discs, the groups were ranked; GIV (24.45 ± 7.35)> GVI ((20.18 ± 2.84)> GV (7.14 ± 14)= GII (6.72 ± 1.91)=GI (6.34 ± 2.21)=GIII (5.72 ± 2.18). For composite discs, groups were ranked; GI (24.98 ± 7.69)=GVI (24.84 ± 7.00) >GII (15.85 ± 5.29) =GV (14.65 ± 4.5)= GIV (14.24 ± 2.95)≥ GIII ((9.37 ± 2.78). CONCLUSION The additional silanization step cannot be omitted if the repair protocol comprises of either hydrofluoric acid etching or silica coating for both CAD/CAM esthetic restorative materials. However, this step can be suppressed by using silane-containing adhesive with diamond stone roughened repair protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zaghloul
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontic, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Wafik Elkassas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kallio TT, Lastumäki TM, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. Influence of intermediate resin on the bond strength of light-curing composite resin to polymer substrate. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:202-8. [PMID: 23808499 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.810773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the effect of intermediate resin (IMR) of different monomer compositions and viscosities on the shear bond strength between polymer substrate and light-curing composite. METHODS The substrate used in the study was an autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based polymer. The substrate was treated with the IMR for 3 min before application of light polymerizable particulate filler composite resin. The monomers of the IMR were either bisphenol-A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) or BisGMA and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The shear bond strength of the IMR treated substrate to the particulate filler composite was evaluated after storing the specimens dry and after thermocycling the specimens in water. Light microscope examination was accomplished to determine the swelled layer of the substrate. RESULTS Significant differences were found between the shear bond strength values of the IMRs (p < 0.001). The bond strengths were generally higher in the BisGMA-MMA groups than in the BisGMA-TEGDMA groups. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of type of IMR (p < 0.001) and thermocycling (p = 0.017) on the shear bond strength. No interaction was found between these variables (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the monomer composition and ratio of the IMRs used in the study influence the shear bond strength of the polymer substrate to the new resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo T Kallio
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
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Morresi AL, D'Amario M, Capogreco M, Gatto R, Marzo G, D'Arcangelo C, Monaco A. Thermal cycling for restorative materials: Does a standardized protocol exist in laboratory testing? A literature review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 29:295-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kallio TT, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. The effect of surface roughness on repair bond strength of light-curing composite resin to polymer composite substrate. Open Dent J 2013; 7:126-31. [PMID: 24167536 PMCID: PMC3807581 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601307010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the shear bond strength of a new composite resin to polymer-based composite substrates using various surface roughnesses and two kinds of polymer matrices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Particulate filler composite resin with cross-linked polymer matrix and fiber-reinforced composite with semi-interpenetrating polymer matrix were used as bonding substrates after being ground to different roughnesses. Substrates were aged in water for one week before bonding to new resin composites. Twelve specimens in the substrate groups were ground with grinding papers of four grits; 320, 800, 1200 and 2400. RESULTS Corresponding values of surface roughness (Ra) varied from 0.09 to 0.40 for the particulate filler composite resin and 0.07 to 0.96 for the fiber-reinforced composite resin. Characteristic shear bond strength between the new resin and particulate filler composite resin was highest (27.8 MPa) with the roughest surface (Weibull modulus: 2.085). Fiber-reinforced composite showed the highest bond strength (20.8 MPa) with the smoothest surface (Weibull modulus: 4.713). CONCLUSIONS We concluded that surface roughness did not increase the bonding of new resin to the substrate of IPN based fiber-reinforced composite, whereas the roughness contributed to bonding the new resin to the particulate filler composite resin with a cross-linked polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo T Kallio
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Zaruba M, Göhring TN, Wegehaupt FJ, Attin T. Influence of a proximal margin elevation technique on marginal adaptation of ceramic inlays. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:317-24. [PMID: 23004362 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.680905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluating the effect of a proximal margin elevation technique on marginal adaptation of ceramic inlays. METHODS Class II MOD-cavities were prepared in 40 human molars and randomly distributed to four groups (n = 10). In group EN (positive control) proximal margins were located in enamel, 1 mm above the cementoenamel junction, while 2 mm below in groups DE-1In, DE-2In and DE. The groups DE-1In, DE-2In and DE simulated subgingival location of the cervical margin. In group DE-1In one 3 mm and in group DE-2In two 1.5 mm composite layers (Tetric) were placed for margin elevation of the proximal cavities using Syntac classic as an adhesive. The proximal cavities of group DE remained untreated and served as a negative control. In all groups, ceramic inlays (Cerec 3D) were adhesively inserted. Replicas were taken before and after thermomechanical loading (1.200.000 cycles, 50/5°C, max. load 49 N). Marginal integrity (tooth-composite, composite-inlay) was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (200×). Percentage of continuous margin (% of total proximal margin length) was compared between groups before and after cycling using ANOVA and Scheffé post-hoc test. RESULTS After thermomechanical loading, no significant differences were observed between the different groups with respect to the interface composite-inlay and tooth-composite with margins in dentin. The interface tooth-composite in enamel of group EN was significantly better compared to group DE-2In, which was not different to the negative control group DE and DE-1In. CONCLUSION Margin elevation technique by placement of a composite filling in the proximal box before insertion of a ceramic inlay results in marginal integrities not different from margins of ceramic inlays placed in dentin.
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Repair of restorations – Criteria for decision making and clinical recommendations. Dent Mater 2013; 29:28-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Repair bond strength of microhybrid, nanohybrid and nanofilled resin composites: effect of substrate resin type, surface conditioning and ageing. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1751-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Gresnigt MM, Kalk W, Özcan M. Randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial of direct laminate veneers with two micro-hybrid resin composites. J Dent 2012; 40:766-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Özcan M, Koekoek W, Pekkan G. Load-bearing capacity of indirect inlay-retained fixed dental prostheses made of particulate filler composite alone or reinforced with E-glass fibers impregnated with various monomers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 12:160-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Clinical longevity of ceramic laminate veneers bonded to teeth with and without existing composite restorations up to 40 months. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:823-32. [PMID: 22821429 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the survival rate of ceramic laminate veneers bonded to teeth with and without existing composite restorations (ECR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients (mean age: 49.7 years) received 92 feldspathic ceramic laminate veneers (Shofu Vintage AL) on the maxillary teeth (intact teeth: n = 26; teeth with ECR: n = 66). Preparations with incisal overlap were made, and ECR of good quality were not removed but conditioned using silica coating (CoJet) and silanization (ESPE-Sil). Enamel and dentin were etched with 38% H3PO4 for 15-30 s and rinsed 30 s; adhesive resin (Excite) was applied, and laminate veneers were then cemented (Variolink Veneer). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and thereafter every 6 months using modified United States Public Health Service criteria. RESULTS Mean observation period was 21.6 months. Overall, five absolute failures were encountered (fractures: n = 3; chipping: n = 1; debonding: n = 1), resulting in a survival rate of 94.6% (Kaplan-Meier). Survival rates of the laminates bonded to teeth without (96%) and with ECR (93.5%) did not show significant differences (p > 0.05). Slight marginal defects (16 of 87 laminates) and slight marginal discoloration at the margins were noted (12 of 87 laminates) until the final recall. Secondary caries and endodontic complications were not detected in any of the teeth. CONCLUSION The clinical survival of ceramic laminate veneers up to 40 months was not significantly influenced when they were bonded onto intact teeth or onto teeth with ECR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE When no caries is present, it may not be necessary to replace existing composite restorations prior to cementation of ceramic laminate veneers.
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Wiegand A, Stawarczyk B, Buchalla W, Tauböck TT, Özcan M, Attin T. Repair of silorane composite—Using the same substrate or a methacrylate-based composite? Dent Mater 2012; 28:e19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Possible hazardous effects of hydrofluoric acid and recommendations for treatment approach: a review. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:15-23. [PMID: 22065247 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used for conditioning the glass ceramics either prior to cementation or for intraoral repair in prosthetic and restorative dentistry. The present study offers a review of chemical properties of HF used, highlight the possible hazardous effects of this agent, and to recommend the treatment approach for potential risks. Available published information documented in PubMed, Medline, and Picarta literature databases was reviewed. Additional information was derived from scientific reports, medical and chemical textbooks, handbooks, product information, manufacturers' instructions, Internet web sites of the HF manufacturers. No report was found on the incidence of the hazardous effects of HF in dentistry. Reports from other fields presented incidences of acute and chronic symptoms in exposure to HF. While acute symptoms include skin or nail burns, chronic ones involve systemic toxicity, eye injuries, inhalation and ingestion-related symptoms that can be even fatal. HF can be harmful and particularly aggressive to soft tissues, but symptoms may not be apparent immediately after exposure. The hazardous effects are not based on the pH value, but on the toxicity of HF. Potential hazards of HF known from other applications than dentistry should be considered also in dental applications. Especially the clinicians, who often deal with adhesive cementation or repair of glass ceramics, should take necessary precautions for possible hazards of HF.
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Is there one optimal repair technique for all composites? Dent Mater 2011; 27:701-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Santing HJ, Meijer HJA, Raghoebar GM, Özcan M. Fracture Strength and Failure Mode of Maxillary Implant-Supported Provisional Single Crowns: A Comparison of Composite Resin Crowns Fabricated Directly Over PEEK Abutments and Solid Titanium Abutments. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2010; 14:882-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2010.00322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ruger D, Harzer W, Krisjane Z, Tausche E. Shear bond strength after multiple bracket bonding with or without repeated etching. Eur J Orthod 2010; 33:521-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjq110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Yaman BC, Efes BG, Dörter C, Gömeç Y, Erdilek D, Yazıcıoğlu O. Microleakage of repaired class V silorane and nano-hybrid composite restorations after preparation with erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser and diamond bur. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 26:163-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0755-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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