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Wang W, Zhou X, Wang H, Zhou G, Yu X. Fabrication and Evaluation of PCL/PLGA/β-TCP Spiral-Structured Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:732. [PMID: 39061814 PMCID: PMC11274088 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11070732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural bone is a complex material that has been carefully designed. To prepare a successful bone substitute, two challenging conditions need to be met: biocompatible and bioactive materials for cell proliferation and differentiation, and appropriate mechanical stability after implantation. Therefore, a hybrid Poly ε-caprolactone/Poly(lactic-co-glycolide)/β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/PLGA/β-TCP) scaffold has been introduced as a suitable composition that satisfies the above two conditions. The blended PCL and PLGA can improve the scaffold's mechanical properties and biocompatibility compared to single PCL or PLGA scaffolds. In addition, the incorporated β-TCP increases the mechanical strength and osteogenic potential of PCL/PLGA scaffolds, while the polymer improves the mechanical stability of ceramic scaffolds. The PCL/PLGA/β-TCP scaffold is designed using spiral structures to provide a much better transport system through the gaps between spiral walls than conventional cylindrical scaffolds. Human fetal osteoblasts (hFOBs) were cultured on spiral PCL/PLGA/β-TCP (PPBS), cylindrical PCL/PLGA/β-TCP (PPBC), and cylindrical PCL scaffolds for a total of 28 days. The cell proliferation, viability, and osteogenic differentiation capabilities were analyzed. Compared with PCL and PPBC scaffolds, the PPBS scaffold exhibits great biocompatibility and potential to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation and, therefore, can serve as a bone substitute for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Xiaqing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Gan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
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2
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Marchiori G, Bellucci D, Gambardella A, Petretta M, Berni M, Boi M, Grigolo B, Giavaresi G, Baldini N, Cannillo V, Cavallo C. A Multidisciplinary Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Polycaprolactone Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Purposes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2413. [PMID: 38793481 PMCID: PMC11122918 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the development of bone graft substitutes, a fundamental step is the use of scaffolds with adequate composition and architecture capable of providing support in regenerative processes both on the tissue scale, where adequate resistance to mechanical stress is required, as well as at the cellular level where compliant chemical-physical and mechanical properties can promote cellular activity. In this study, based on a previous optimization study of this group, the potential of a three-dimensional construct based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and a novel biocompatible Mg- and Sr-containing glass named BGMS10 was explored. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed the inclusion of BGMS10 in the scaffold structure. Mesenchymal stem cells cultured on both PCL and PCL-BGMS10 showed similar tendencies in terms of osteogenic differentiation; however, no significant differences were found between the two scaffold types. This circumstance can be explained via X-ray microtomography and atomic force microscopy analyses, which correlated the spatial distribution of the BGMS10 within the bulk with the elastic properties and topography at the cell scale. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches to understand the relationship between design parameters, material properties, and cellular response in polymer composites, which is crucial for the development and design of scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Marchiori
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Devis Bellucci
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.B.); (V.C.)
| | - Alessandro Gambardella
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | | | - Matteo Berni
- Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Boi
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche e Nanobiotecnologie, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche e Nanobiotecnologie, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (N.B.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Cannillo
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.B.); (V.C.)
| | - Carola Cavallo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (C.C.)
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Ding J, Wei C, Xu Y, Dai W, Chen R. 3D printing of Ceffe-infused scaffolds for tailored nipple-like cartilage development. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:25. [PMID: 38689309 PMCID: PMC11059701 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of a stable, nipple-shaped cartilage graft that precisely matches the natural nipple in shape and size on the contralateral side is a clinical challenge. While 3D printing technology can efficiently and accurately manufacture customized complex structures, it faces limitations due to inadequate blood supply, which hampers the stability of nipple-shaped cartilage grafts produced using this technology. To address this issue, we employed a biodegradable biomaterial, Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), loaded with Cell-Free Fat Extract (Ceffe). Ceffe has demonstrated the ability to promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, making it an ideal bio-ink for bioprinting precise nipple-shaped cartilage grafts. We utilized the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold to create a porous structure with a precise nipple shape. This scaffold exhibited favorable porosity and pore size, ensuring stable shape maintenance and satisfactory biomechanical properties. Importantly, it could release Ceffe in a sustained manner. Our in vitro results confirmed the scaffold's good biocompatibility and its ability to promote angiogenesis, as evidenced by supporting chondrocyte proliferation and endothelial cell migration and tube formation. Furthermore, after 8 weeks of in vivo culture, the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold seeded with chondrocytes regenerated into a cartilage support structure with a precise nipple shape. Compared to the pure PLGA group, the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold showed remarkable vascular formation, highlighting the beneficial effects of Ceffe. These findings suggest that our designed Ceffe/PLGA scaffold with a nipple shape represents a promising strategy for precise nipple-shaped cartilage regeneration, laying a foundation for subsequent nipple reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Ding
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China
| | - Chuanzhi Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wufei Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China.
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Abbadessa A, Ronca A, Salerno A. Integrating bioprinting, cell therapies and drug delivery towards in vivo regeneration of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:858-894. [PMID: 37882983 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The biological and biomechanical functions of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue are naturally orchestrated by a complex crosstalk between zonally dependent cells and extracellular matrix components. In fact, this crosstalk involves biomechanical signals and the release of biochemical cues that direct cell fate and regulate tissue morphogenesis and remodelling in vivo. Three-dimensional bioprinting introduced a paradigm shift in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, since it allows to mimic native tissue anisotropy introducing compositional and architectural gradients. Moreover, the growing synergy between bioprinting and drug delivery may enable to replicate cell/extracellular matrix reciprocity and dynamics by the careful control of the spatial and temporal patterning of bioactive cues. Although significant advances have been made in this direction, unmet challenges and open research questions persist. These include, among others, the optimization of scaffold zonality and architectural features; the preservation of the bioactivity of loaded active molecules, as well as their spatio-temporal release; the in vitro scaffold maturation prior to implantation; the pros and cons of each animal model and the graft-defect mismatch; and the in vivo non-invasive monitoring of new tissue formation. This work critically reviews these aspects and reveals the state of the art of using three-dimensional bioprinting, and its synergy with drug delivery technologies, to pattern the distribution of cells and/or active molecules in cartilage, bone and osteochondral engineered tissues. Most notably, this work focuses on approaches, technologies and biomaterials that are currently under in vivo investigations, as these give important insights on scaffold performance at the implantation site and its interaction/integration with surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Abbadessa
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Ronca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Salerno
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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5
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Rodríguez-Martín M, Aguilar JM, Castro-Criado D, Romero A. Characterization of Gelatin-Polycaprolactone Membranes by Electrospinning. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:70. [PMID: 38392116 PMCID: PMC10887028 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
New advances in materials science and medicine have enabled the development of new and increasingly sophisticated biomaterials. One of the most widely used biopolymers is polycaprolactone (PCL) because it has properties suitable for biomedical applications, tissue engineering scaffolds, or drug delivery systems. However, PCL scaffolds do not have adequate bioactivity, and therefore, alternatives have been studied, such as mixing PCL with bioactive polymers such as gelatin, to promote cell growth. Thus, this work will deal with the fabrication of nanofiber membranes by means of the electrospinning technique using PCL-based solutions (12 wt.% and 20 wt.%) and PCL with gelatin (12 wt.% and 8 wt.%, respectively). Formic acid and acetic acid, as well as mixtures of both in different proportions, have been used to prepare the preliminary solutions, thus supporting the electrospinning process by controlling the viscosity of the solutions and, therefore, the size and uniformity of the fibers. The physical properties of the solutions and the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the membranes were evaluated. Results demonstrate that it is possible to achieve the determined properties of the samples with an appropriate selection of polymer concentrations as well as solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguilar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel Castro-Criado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Alberto Romero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Ghandforoushan P, Alehosseini M, Golafshan N, Castilho M, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Hanaee J, Davaran S, Orive G. Injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue regeneration: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125674. [PMID: 37406921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Annually, millions of patients suffer from irreversible injury owing to the loss or failure of an organ or tissue caused by accident, aging, or disease. The combination of injectable hydrogels and the science of stem cells have emerged to address this persistent issue in society by generating minimally invasive treatments to augment tissue function. Hydrogels are composed of a cross-linked network of polymers that exhibit a high-water retention capacity, thereby mimicking the wet environment of native cells. Due to their inherent mechanical softness, hydrogels can be used as needle-injectable stem cell carrier materials to mend tissue defects. Hydrogels are made of different natural or synthetic polymers, displaying a broad portfolio of eligible properties, which include biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, shear-thinning properties as well as tunable biological and physicochemical properties. Presently, novel ongoing developments and native-like hydrogels are increasingly being used broadly to improve the quality of life of those with disabling tissue-related diseases. The present review outlines various future and in-vitro applications of injectable hydrogel-based biomaterials, focusing on the newest ongoing developments of in-situ forming injectable hydrogels for bone and cartilage tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ghandforoushan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran; Clinical Research Development, Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Alehosseini
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nasim Golafshan
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jalal Hanaee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain; University of the Basque Country, Spain.
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7
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Calore AR, Srinivas V, Groenendijk L, Serafim A, Stancu IC, Wilbers A, Leoné N, Sanchez AA, Auhl D, Mota C, Bernaerts K, Harings JAW, Moroni L. Manufacturing of scaffolds with interconnected internal open porosity and surface roughness. Acta Biomater 2023; 156:158-176. [PMID: 35868592 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing of three-dimensional scaffolds with multiple levels of porosity are an advantage in tissue regeneration approaches to influence cell behavior. Three-dimensional scaffolds with surface roughness and intra-filament open porosity were successfully fabricated by additive manufacturing combined with chemical foaming and porogen leaching without the need of toxic solvents. The decomposition of sodium citrate, a chemical blowing agent, generated pores within the scaffold filaments, which were interconnected and opened to the external environment by leaching of a water-soluble sacrificial phase, as confirmed by micro-CT and buoyancy measurements. The additional porosity did not result in lower elastic modulus, but in higher strain at maximum load, i.e. scaffold ductility. Human mesenchymal stromal cells cultured for 24 h adhered in greater numbers on these scaffolds when compared to plain additive-manufactured ones, irrespectively of the scaffold pre-treatment method. Additionally, they showed a more spread and random morphology, which is known to influence cell fate. Cells cultured for a longer period exhibited enhanced metabolic activity while secreting higher osteogenic markers after 7 days in culture. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Inspired by the function of hierarchical cellular structures in natural materials, this work elucidates the development of scaffolds with multiscale porosity by combining in-situ foaming and additive manufacturing, and successive porogen leaching. The resulting scaffolds displayed enhanced mechanical toughness and multiscale pore network interconnectivity, combined with early differentiation of adult mesenchymal stromal cells into the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Roberto Calore
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Varun Srinivas
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Groenendijk
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrada Serafim
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Nils Leoné
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ane Albillos Sanchez
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dietmar Auhl
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands; Polymerwerkstoffe und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, the Netherlands
| | - Carlos Mota
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Katrien Bernaerts
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Jules A W Harings
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, the Netherlands.
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Dadhich P, Kumar P, Roy A, Bitar KN. Advances in 3D Printing Technology for Tissue Engineering. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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9
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Bayart M, Dubus M, Charlon S, Kerdjoudj H, Baleine N, Benali S, Raquez JM, Soulestin J. Pellet-Based Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-Derived Process for the Development of Polylactic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Dedicated to Bone Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165615. [PMID: 36013752 PMCID: PMC9415795 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds can be defined as 3D architectures with specific features (surface properties, porosity, rigidity, biodegradability, etc.) that help cells to attach, proliferate, and to differentiate into specific lineage. For bone regeneration, rather high mechanical properties are required. That is why polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds (10 wt.%) were produced by a peculiar fused filament fabrication (FFF)-derived process. The effect of the addition of HA particles in the scaffolds was investigated in terms of morphology, biological properties, and biodegradation behavior. It was found that the scaffolds were biocompatible and that cells managed to attach and proliferate. Biodegradability was assessed over a 5-month period (according to the ISO 13781-Biodegradability norm) through gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and compression tests. The results revealed that the presence of HA in the scaffolds induced a faster and more complete polymer biodegradation, with a gradual decrease in the molar mass (Mn) and compressive mechanical properties over time. In contrast, the Mn of PLA only decreased during the processing steps to obtain scaffolds (extrusion + 3D-printing) but PLA scaffolds did not degrade during conditioning, which was highlighted by a high retention of the mechanical properties of the scaffolds after conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bayart
- Centre for Materials and Processes, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marie Dubus
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS) EA 4691 & UFR d’Odontologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, F-51100 Reims, France
| | - Sébastien Charlon
- Centre for Materials and Processes, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Halima Kerdjoudj
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS) EA 4691 & UFR d’Odontologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, F-51100 Reims, France
| | - Nicolas Baleine
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons (UMons), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Samira Benali
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons (UMons), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Raquez
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons (UMons), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Soulestin
- Centre for Materials and Processes, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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10
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Grivet-Brancot A, Boffito M, Ciardelli G. Use of Polyesters in Fused Deposition Modeling for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200039. [PMID: 35488769 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing techniques experienced a growing interest in several sectors, including the biomedical one. Their main advantage resides in the possibility to obtain complex and personalized structures in a cost-effective way impossible to achieve with traditional production methods. This is especially true for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), one of the most diffused 3D printing methods. The easy customization of the final products' geometry, composition and physico-chemical properties is particularly interesting for the increasingly personalized approach adopted in modern medicine. Thermoplastic polymers are the preferred choice for FDM applications, and a wide selection of biocompatible and biodegradable materials is available to this aim. Moreover, these polymers can also be easily modified before and after printing to better suit the body environment and the mechanical properties of biological tissues. This review focuses on the use of thermoplastic aliphatic polyesters for FDM applications in the biomedical field. In detail, the use of poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(lactic acid), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s, thermo-plastic poly(ester urethane)s and their blends has been thoroughly surveyed, with particular attention to their main features, applicability and workability. The state-of-the-art is presented and current challenges in integrating the additive manufacturing technology in the medical practice are discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Grivet-Brancot
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Università di Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Monica Boffito
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
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Ghelich P, Kazemzadeh-Narbat M, Najafabadi AH, Samandari M, Memic A, Tamayol A. (Bio)manufactured Solutions for Treatment of Bone Defects with Emphasis on US-FDA Regulatory Science Perspective. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022; 2:2100073. [PMID: 35935166 PMCID: PMC9355310 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects, with second highest demand for surgeries around the globe, may lead to serious health issues and negatively influence patient lives. The advances in biomedical engineering and sciences have led to the development of several creative solutions for bone defect treatment. This review provides a brief summary of bone graft materials, an organized overview of top-down and bottom-up (bio)manufacturing approaches, plus a critical comparison between advantages and limitations of each method. We specifically discuss additive manufacturing techniques and their operation mechanisms in detail. Next, we review the hybrid methods and promising future directions for bone grafting, while giving a comprehensive US-FDA regulatory science perspective, biocompatibility concepts and assessments, and clinical considerations to translate a technology from a research laboratory to the market. The topics covered in this review could potentially fuel future research efforts in bone tissue engineering, and perhaps could also provide novel insights for other tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Ghelich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030, USA
| | | | | | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030, USA
| | - Adnan Memic
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030, USA
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Majeed MH, Abd Alsaheb NK. Mechanical Property Evaluation of PLA/Soybean Oil Epoxidized Acrylate Three-Dimensional Scaffold in Bone Tissue Engineering. KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2022; 911:17-26. [DOI: 10.4028/p-awpbe6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently investigated photocurable, biocompatible plant resin on tissue engineering to provide the scaffold with structural support and mechanical properties. A novel method had been used here to build our scaffold by combined the traditional three-dimensional fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing and injected the structural scaffold after fabrication with plant-based resin. The materials used are polymers a synthesized one polylactic acid and soybean oil epoxidized acrylate. The addition of soybean plant-based resin improves the adhesion and proliferation of the PLA scaffold while also providing structural support to the fabricated scaffold. The purpose of the study made optimization of printing parameters and compared different printing scaffolds to select the perfect one with preferred mechanical properties. Two designs are built (cubic design and cylinder design) to make a comparison of mechanical properties between the two designs. The novel method was used through injected soybean oil resin into the PLA scaffold by avoiding any heat and temperature rise of the resin. In the traditional method, the resin is printed using an SLA printer which exposed the resin to heating before printing, this will affect the properties of the final model in our technique temperature will eliminate by direct inject the plant-based resin into the PLA scaffold and then photocuring with ultraviolet curing device for 30 min at 405nm. Finally, the results demonstrate that after injecting PLA scaffold with soybean oil resin, the mechanical properties of the scaffold improve; additionally, the results show that the cylindrical design has more promising mechanical properties than the cubic design.
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Xu Y, Zhang F, Zhai W, Cheng S, Li J, Wang Y. Unraveling of Advances in 3D-Printed Polymer-Based Bone Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:566. [PMID: 35160556 PMCID: PMC8840342 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of large-area irregular bone defects is one of the complex problems in orthopedic clinical treatment. The bone repair scaffolds currently studied include electrospun membrane, hydrogel, bone cement, 3D printed bone tissue scaffolds, etc., among which 3D printed polymer-based scaffolds Bone scaffolds are the most promising for clinical applications. This is because 3D printing is modeled based on the im-aging results of actual bone defects so that the printed scaffolds can perfectly fit the bone defect, and the printed components can be adjusted to promote Osteogenesis. This review introduces a variety of 3D printing technologies and bone healing processes, reviews previous studies on the characteristics of commonly used natural or synthetic polymers, and clinical applications of 3D printed bone tissue scaffolds, analyzes and elaborates the characteristics of ideal bone tissue scaffolds, from t he progress of 3D printing bone tissue scaffolds were summarized in many aspects. The challenges and potential prospects in this direction were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Xu
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Feiyang Zhang
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Weijie Zhai
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Shujie Cheng
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Jinghua Li
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.X.); (F.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.C.)
- National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Ansari V, Calore A, Zonderland J, Harings JAW, Moroni L, Bernaerts KV. Additive Manufacturing of α-Amino Acid Based Poly(ester amide)s for Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1083-1100. [PMID: 35050596 PMCID: PMC8924872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Amino acid based polyester amides (PEAs) are promising candidates for additive manufacturing (AM), as they unite the flexibility and degradability of polyesters and good thermomechanical properties of polyamides in one structure. Introducing α-amino acids in the PEA structure brings additional advantages such as (i) good cytocompatibility and biodegradability, (ii) providing strong amide bonds, enhancing the hydrogen-bonding network, (iii) the introduction of pendant reactive functional groups, and (iv) providing good cell-polymer interactions. However, the application of α-amino acid based PEAs for AM via fused deposition modeling (FDM), an important manufacturing technique with unique processing characteristics and requirements, is still lacking. With the aim to exploit the combination of these advantages in the creation, design, and function of additively manufactured scaffolds using FDM, we report the structure-function relationship of a series of α-amino acid based PEAs. The PEAs with three different molecular weights were synthesized via the active solution polycondensation, and their performance for AM applications was studied in comparison with a commercial biomedical grade copolymer of l-lactide and glycolide (PLGA). The PEAs, in addition to good thermal stability, showed semicrystalline behavior with proper mechanical properties, which were different depending on their molecular weight and crystallinity. They showed more ductility due to their lower glass transition temperature (Tg; 18-20 °C) compared with PLGA (57 °C). The rheology studies revealed that the end-capping of PEAs is of high importance for preventing cross-linking and further polymerization during the melt extrusion and for the steadiness and reproducibility of FDM. Furthermore, our data regarding the steady 3D printing performance, good polymer-cell interactions, and low cytotoxicity suggest that α-amino acid based PEAs can be introduced as favorable polymers for future AM applications in tissue engineering. In addition, their ability for formation of bonelike apatite in the simulated body fluid (SBF) indicates their potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ansari
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Calore
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jip Zonderland
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jules A W Harings
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien V Bernaerts
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Fang H, Zhu D, Yang Q, Chen Y, Zhang C, Gao J, Gao Y. Emerging zero-dimensional to four-dimensional biomaterials for bone regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:26. [PMID: 34991600 PMCID: PMC8740479 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most sophisticated and dynamic tissues in the human body, and is characterized by its remarkable potential for regeneration. In most cases, bone has the capacity to be restored to its original form with homeostatic functionality after injury without any remaining scarring. Throughout the fascinating processes of bone regeneration, a plethora of cell lineages and signaling molecules, together with the extracellular matrix, are precisely regulated at multiple length and time scales. However, conditions, such as delayed unions (or nonunion) and critical-sized bone defects, represent thorny challenges for orthopedic surgeons. During recent decades, a variety of novel biomaterials have been designed to mimic the organic and inorganic structure of the bone microenvironment, which have tremendously promoted and accelerated bone healing throughout different stages of bone regeneration. Advances in tissue engineering endowed bone scaffolds with phenomenal osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, vascularization and neurotization effects as well as alluring properties, such as antibacterial effects. According to the dimensional structure and functional mechanism, these biomaterials are categorized as zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and four-dimensional biomaterials. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the astounding advances in emerging biomaterials for bone regeneration by categorizing them as zero-dimensional to four-dimensional biomaterials, which were further elucidated by typical examples. Hopefully, this review will provide some inspiration for the future design of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoyu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianhao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Youshui Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Chen YW, Shie MY, Chang WC, Shen YF. Approximate Optimization Study of Light Curing Waterborne Polyurethane Materials for the Construction of 3D Printed Cytocompatible Cartilage Scaffolds. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226804. [PMID: 34832205 PMCID: PMC8626041 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage, which is a white transparent tissue with 1–2 mm thickness, is located in the interface between the two hard bones. The main functions of articular cartilage are stress transmission, absorption, and friction reduction. The cartilage cannot be repaired and regenerated once it has been damaged, and it needs to be replaced by artificial joints. Many approaches, such as artificial joint replacement, hyaluronic acid injection, microfracture surgery and cartilage tissue engineering have been applied in clinical treatment. Basically, some of these approaches are foreign material implantation for joint replacement to reach the goal of pain reduction and mechanism support. This study demonstrated another frontier in the research of cartilage reconstruction by applying regeneration medicine additive manufacturing (3D Printing) and stem cell technology. Light curing materials have been modified and tested to be printable and cytocompatible for stem cells in this research. Design of experiments (DOE) is adapted in this investigation to search for the optimal manufacturing parameter for biocompatible scaffold fabrication and stem cell attachment and growth. Based on the results, an optimal working process of biocompatible and printable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration is reported. We expect this study will facilitate the development of cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Chang
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- High Performance Materials Institute for xD Printing, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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17
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Cha M, Jin YZ, Park JW, Lee KM, Han SH, Choi BS, Lee JH. Three-dimensional printed polylactic acid scaffold integrated with BMP-2 laden hydrogel for precise bone regeneration. Biomater Res 2021; 25:35. [PMID: 34706765 PMCID: PMC8554986 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-021-00233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical bone defects remain challenges for clinicians, which cannot heal spontaneously and require medical intervention. Following the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is widely used in bone tissue engineering for its outstanding customizability. The 3D printed scaffolds were usually accompanied with growth factors, such as bone morphometric protein 2 (BMP-2), whose effects have been widely investigated on bone regeneration. We previously fabricated and investigated the effect of a polylactic acid (PLA) cage/Biogel scaffold as a carrier of BMP-2. In this study, we furtherly investigated the effect of another shape of PLA cage/Biogel scaffold as a carrier of BMP-2 in a rat calvaria defect model and an ectopic ossification (EO) model. METHOD The PLA scaffold was printed with a basic commercial 3D printer, and the PLA scaffold was combined with gelatin and alginate-based Biogel and BMP-2 to induce bone regeneration. The experimental groups were divided into PLA scaffold, PLA scaffold with Biogel, PLA scaffold filled with BMP-2, and PLA scaffold with Biogel and BMP-2 and were tested both in vitro and in vivo. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was used to determine whether statistically significant difference exists between groups. RESULT The in vitro results showed the cage/Biogel scaffold released BMP-2 with an initial burst release and followed by a sustained slow-release pattern. The released BMP-2 maintained its osteoinductivity for at least 14 days. The in vivo results showed the cage/Biogel/BMP-2 group had the highest bone regeneration in the rat calvarial defect model and EO model. Especially, the bone regenerated more regularly in the EO model at the implanted sites, which indicated the cage/Biogel had an outstanding ability to control the shape of regenerated bone. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the 3D printed PLA cage/Biogel scaffold system was proved to be a proper carrier for BMP-2 that induced significant bone regeneration and induced bone formation following the designed shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Cha
- Biotechnology Institute, Medifab Co. LTD., 70, Dusan-ro, Doksan-dong, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 085-84, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 39 Boramae Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-707, South Korea
| | - Yuan-Zhe Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.,Spine Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Jin Wook Park
- Biotechnology Institute, Medifab Co. LTD., 70, Dusan-ro, Doksan-dong, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 085-84, South Korea
| | - Kyung Mee Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 39 Boramae Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-707, South Korea
| | - Shi Huan Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Byung Sun Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 39 Boramae Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-707, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyup Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 39 Boramae Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-707, South Korea. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea. .,Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.
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18
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Jin M, Seo SH, Kim BS, Hwang S, Kang YG, Shin JW, Cho KH, Byeon J, Shin MC, Kim D, Yoon C, Min KA. Combined Application of Prototype Ultrasound and BSA-Loaded PLGA Particles for Protein Delivery. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1455-1466. [PMID: 34398405 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an in vitro culture system for tissue engineering to mimic the in vivo environment and evaluate the applicability of ultrasound and PLGA particle system. METHODS For tissue engineering, large molecules such as growth factors for cell differentiation should be supplied in a controlled manner into the culture system, and the in vivo microenvironment need to be reproduced in the system for the regulation of cellular function. In this study, portable prototype ultrasound with low intensity was devised and tested for protein release from bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles. RESULTS BSA-loaded PLGA particles were prepared using various types of PLGA reagents and their physicochemical properties were characterized including particle size, shape, or aqueous wetting profiles. The BSA-loaded formulation showed nano-ranged size distribution with optimal physical stability during storage period, and protein release behaviors in a controlled manner. Notably, the application of prototype ultrasound with low intensity influenced protein release patterns in the culture system containing the BSA-loaded PLGA formulation. The results revealed that the portable ultrasound set controlled by the computer could contribute for the protein delivery in the culture medium. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that combined application with ultrasound and protein-loaded PLGA encapsulation system could be utilized to improve culture system for tissue engineering or cell regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bo Seok Kim
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmi Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Gyeong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woog Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Hyung Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimi Byeon
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhan Yoon
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zaszczyńska A, Moczulska-Heljak M, Gradys A, Sajkiewicz P. Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3149. [PMID: 34201163 PMCID: PMC8226963 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Zaszczyńska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maryla Moczulska-Heljak
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Gradys
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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20
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von Witzleben M, Stoppe T, Ahlfeld T, Bernhardt A, Polk M, Bornitz M, Neudert M, Gelinsky M. Biomimetic Tympanic Membrane Replacement Made by Melt Electrowriting. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002089. [PMID: 33506636 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tympanic membrane (TM) transfers sound waves from the air into mechanical motion for the ossicular chain. This requires a high sensitivity to small dynamic pressure changes and resistance to large quasi-static pressure differences. The TM achieves this by providing a layered structure of about 100µm in thickness, a low flexural stiffness, and a high tensile strength. Chronically infected middle ears require reconstruction of a large area of the TM. However, current clinical treatment can cause a reduction in hearing. With the novel additive manufacturing technique of melt electrowriting (MEW), it is for the first time possible to fabricate highly organized and biodegradable membranes within the dimensions of the TM. Scaffold designs of various fiber composition are analyzed mechanically and acoustically. It can be demonstrated that by customizing fiber orientation, fiber diameter, and number of layers the desired properties of the TM can be met. An applied thin collagen layer seals the micropores of the MEW-printed membrane while keeping the favorable mechanical and acoustical characteristics. The determined properties are beneficial for implantation, closely match those of the human TM, and support the growth of a neo-epithelial layer. This proves the possibilities to create a biomimimetic TM replacement using MEW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max von Witzleben
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Thomas Stoppe
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Ear Research Center Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Marie‐Luise Polk
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Ear Research Center Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Matthias Bornitz
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Ear Research Center Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Marcus Neudert
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Ear Research Center Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
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21
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Bronzeri LB, Gauche C, Gudimard L, Courtial EJ, Marquette C, Felisberti MI. Amphiphilic and segmented polyurethanes based on poly(ε-caprolactone)diol and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)diol: Synthesis, properties, and a preliminary performance study of the 3D printing. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Bayart M, Charlon S, Soulestin J. Fused filament fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering; how realistic is shape-memory? A review. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Garot C, Bettega G, Picart C. Additive Manufacturing of Material Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Toward Application in the Clinics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2006967. [PMID: 33531885 PMCID: PMC7116655 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the fabrication of customized bone scaffolds in terms of shape, pore size, material type and mechanical properties. Combined with the possibility to obtain a precise 3D image of the bone defects using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, it is now possible to manufacture implants for patient-specific bone regeneration. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the different materials and AM techniques used for the fabrication of 3D-printed scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering. Their advantages and drawbacks are highlighted. For materials, specific criteria, were extracted from a literature study: biomimetism to native bone, mechanical properties, biodegradability, ability to be imaged (implantation and follow-up period), histological performances and sterilization process. AM techniques can be classified in three major categories: extrusion-based, powder-based and liquid-base. Their price, ease of use and space requirement are analyzed. Different combinations of materials/AM techniques appear to be the most relevant depending on the targeted clinical applications (implantation site, presence of mechanical constraints, temporary or permanent implant). Finally, some barriers impeding the translation to human clinics are identified, notably the sterilization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Garot
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Georges Bettega
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Annecy-Genevois, 1 avenue de l’hôpital, F-74370 Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
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Okolie O, Stachurek I, Kandasubramanian B, Njuguna J. 3D Printing for Hip Implant Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2682. [PMID: 33202958 PMCID: PMC7697992 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a rising demand for replacement, regeneration of tissues and organ repairs for patients who suffer from diseased/damaged bones or tissues such as hip pains. The hip replacement treatment relies on the implant, which may not always meet the requirements due to mechanical and biocompatibility issues which in turn may aggravate the pain. To surpass these limitations, researchers are investigating the use of scaffolds as another approach for implants. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers significant potential as an efficient fabrication technique on personalized organs as it is capable of biomimicking the intricate designs found in nature. In this review, the determining factors for hip replacement and the different fabrication techniques such as direct 3D printing, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and stereolithography (SLA) for hip replacement. The study also covers surface modifications of 3D printed implants and provides an overview on 3D tissue regeneration. To appreciate the current conventional hip replacement practices, the conventional metallic and ceramic materials are covered, highlighting their rationale as the material of choice. Next, the challenges, ethics and trends in the implants' 3D printing are covered and conclusions drawn. The outlook and challenges are also presented here. The knowledge from this review indicates that 3D printing has enormous potential for providing a pathway for a sustainable hip replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obinna Okolie
- Centre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, UK;
| | - Iwona Stachurek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Krakow Institute of Technology, 73 Zakopianska Street, 30-418 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Rapid Prototyping Lab, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411025, India;
| | - James Njuguna
- Centre of Advanced Engineering Materials, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, UK;
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Dwivedi R, Mehrotra D. 3D bioprinting and craniofacial regeneration. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:650-659. [PMID: 32983859 PMCID: PMC7493084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the structural and functional complexity of the craniofacial tissues, 3D bioprinting can be a valuable tool to design and create functional 3D tissues or organs in situ for in vivo applications. This review aims to explore the various aspects of this emerging 3D bioprinting technology and its application in the craniofacial bone or cartilage regeneration. METHOD Electronic database searches were undertaken on pubmed, google scholar, medline, embase, and science direct for english language literature, published for 3D bioprinting in craniofacial regeneration. The search items used were 'craniofacial regeneration' OR 'jaw regeneration' OR 'maxillofacial regeneration' AND '3D bioprinting' OR 'three dimensional bioprinting' OR 'Additive manufacturing' OR 'rapid prototyping' OR 'patient specific bioprinting'. Reviews and duplicates were excluded. RESULTS Search with above described criteria yielded 476 articles, which reduced to 108 after excluding reviews. Further screening of individual articles led to 77 articles to which 9 additional articles were included from references, and 18 duplicate articles were excluded. Finally we were left with 68 articles to be included in the review. CONCLUSION Craniofacial tissue and organ regeneration has been reported a success using bioink with different biomaterial and incorporated stem cells in 3D bioprinters. Though several attempts have been made to fabricate craniofacial bone and cartilage, the strive to achieve desired outcome still continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Dwivedi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jadidi A, Salahinejad E, Sharifi E, Tayebi L. Drug-delivery Ca-Mg silicate scaffolds encapsulated in PLGA. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119855. [PMID: 32911045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop dual-functional scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration and local antibiotic delivery applications. In this respect, bioresorbable bredigite (Ca7MgSi4O16) porous scaffolds were fabricated by a foam replica method, loaded with vancomycin hydrochloride and encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) coatings. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Archimedes porosimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure of the scaffolds. The drug delivery kinetics and cytocompatibility of the prepared scaffolds were also studied in vitro. The bare sample exhibited a burst release of vancomycin and low biocompatibility with respect to dental pulp stem cells based on the MTT assay due to the fast bioresorption of bredigite. While keeping the desirable characteristics of pores for tissue engineering, the biodegradable PLGA coatings modified the drug release kinetics, buffered physiological pH and hence improved the cell viability of the vancomycin-loaded scaffolds considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jadidi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Salahinejad
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - E Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - L Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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Amiryaghoubi N, Fathi M, Pesyan NN, Samiei M, Barar J, Omidi Y. Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for osteogenic repair and bone regenerative medicine. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1833-1870. [PMID: 32301138 DOI: 10.1002/med.21672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The loss of bone tissue is a striking challenge in orthopedic surgery. Tissue engineering using various advanced biofunctional materials is considered a promising approach for the regeneration and substitution of impaired bone tissues. Recently, polymeric supportive scaffolds and biomaterials have been used to rationally promote the generation of new bone tissues. To restore the bone tissue in this context, biofunctional polymeric materials with significant mechanical robustness together with embedded materials can act as a supportive matrix for cellular proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation. The osteogenic regeneration to replace defective tissues demands greater calcium deposits, high alkaline phosphatase activity, and profound upregulation of osteocalcin as a late osteogenic marker. Ideally, the bioactive polymeric scaffolds (BPSs) utilized for bone tissue engineering should impose no detrimental impacts and function as a carrier for the controlled delivery and release of the loaded molecules necessary for the bone tissue regeneration. In this review, we provide comprehensive insights into different synthetic and natural polymers used for the regeneration of bone tissue and discuss various technologies applied for the engineering of BPSs and their physicomechanical properties and biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Amiryaghoubi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nader Noroozi Pesyan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Haleem A, Javaid M, Khan RH, Suman R. 3D printing applications in bone tissue engineering. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 11:S118-S124. [PMID: 31992931 PMCID: PMC6977158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE 3D printing technology provides an excellent capability to manufacture customised implants for patients. Now, its applications are also successful in bone tissue engineering. This paper tries to provide a review of the applications of 3D printing in bone tissue engineering. METHODS Searching by keywords, from the Scopus database, to identify relevant latest research articles on 3D printing in bone tissue engineering, through "3D printing" "bone tissue engineering". This study makes a bibliometric analysis of the identified research articles and identified major applications and steps. RESULTS 3D printing technology creates innovative development in bone tissue engineering. It involves the manufacturing of a scaffold with the combination of cells and materials. We identified a total number of 257 research articles through bibliometric analysis by searching through keywords "3D printing" "bone tissue engineering". This paper studies 3D printing technology and its significant contributions, benefits and steps used for bone tissue engineering. Result discusses the essential elements of bone tissue engineering and identifies its five significant advancements when 3D printing is used. Finally, ten useful applications of 3D printing in bone tissue engineering are identified and studied with a brief description. CONCLUSION In orthopaedics, bone defects create a high impact on the quality of life of the patient. It leads to a higher demand for bone substitutes for replacement of bone defect. Bone tissue engineering can help to replace a critical defect bone. 3D printing is a useful technology for the fabrication of scaffolds critical in bone tissue engineering. There are different binders which can create bone scaffolds with requisite mechanical strength. These binders are used to create excellent osteoconductive, bioactive scaffolds. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) help to provide images of specific defects of an individual patient, and these images can further be used for 3D printing the detective object. A bone defect caused by specific disease is sorted out by transplantation in clinical practice. Now a day bone tissue engineering opens a new option for this treatment of bone defects with the manufacturing of porous bone scaffold using 3D printing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Haleem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Javaid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rajiv Suman
- Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Hassanajili S, Karami-Pour A, Oryan A, Talaei-Khozani T. Preparation and characterization of PLA/PCL/HA composite scaffolds using indirect 3D printing for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Electrospun PLGA/PCL/OCP nanofiber membranes promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shick TM, Abdul Kadir AZ, Ngadiman NHA, Ma’aram A. A review of biomaterials scaffold fabrication in additive manufacturing for tissue engineering. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911519877426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The current developments in three-dimensional printing also referred as “additive manufacturing” have transformed the scenarios for modern manufacturing and engineering design processes which show greatest advantages for the fabrication of complex structures such as scaffold for tissue engineering. This review aims to introduce additive manufacturing techniques in tissue engineering, types of biomaterials used in scaffold fabrication, as well as in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Biomaterials and fabrication methods could critically affect the outcomes of scaffold mechanical properties, design architectures, and cell proliferations. In addition, an ideal scaffold aids the efficiency of cell proliferation and allows the movements of cell nutrient inside the human body with their specific material properties. This article provides comprehensive review that covers broad range of all the biomaterial types using various additive manufacturing technologies. The data were extracted from 2008 to 2018 mostly from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using keywords such as “Additive Manufacturing,” “3D Printing,” “Tissue Engineering,” “Biomaterial” and “Scaffold.” A 10 years research in this area was found to be mostly focused toward obtaining an ideal scaffold by investigating the fabrication strategies, biomaterials compatibility, scaffold design effectiveness through computer-aided design modeling, and optimum printing machine parameters identification. As a conclusion, this ideal scaffold fabrication can be obtained with the combination of different materials that could enhance the material properties which performed well in optimum additive manufacturing condition. Yet, there are still many challenges from the printing methods, bioprinting and cell culturing that needs to be discovered and investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Mei Shick
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Aini Zuhra Abdul Kadir
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Azanizawati Ma’aram
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Wang Z, Zheng Q, Guan S, Sun Z, Liu S, Zhang B, Duan T, Xu K. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the biocompatibility of an paclitaxel-eluting poly-l-lactide-coated Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy stent in the intestine. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110087. [PMID: 31546433 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Wang
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China.
| | - Qiuxia Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Shaokang Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45002, China.
| | - Zongbin Sun
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Shaopeng Liu
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Tinghe Duan
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
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Augustine A, Augustine R, Hasan A, Raghuveeran V, Rouxel D, Kalarikkal N, Thomas S. Development of titanium dioxide nanowire incorporated poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:96. [PMID: 31414231 PMCID: PMC6694083 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Critical size bone defects that do not heal spontaneously are among the major reasons for the disability in majority of people with locomotor disabilities. Tissue engineering has become a promising approach for repairing such large tissue injuries including critical size bone defects. Three-dimension (3D) porous scaffolds based on piezoelectric polymers like poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) have received a lot of attention in bone tissue engineering due to their favorable osteogenic properties. Owing to the favourable redox properties, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures have gained a great deal of attention in bone tissue engineering. In this paper, tissue engineering scaffolds based on P(VDF-TrFE) loaded with TiO2 nanowires (TNW) were developed and evaluated for bone tissue engineering. Wet-chemical method was used for the synthesis of TNW. Obtained TNW were thoroughly characterized for the physicochemical and morphological properties using techniques such as X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electrospinning was used to produce TNW incorporated P(VDF-TrFE) scaffolds. Developed scaffolds were characterized by state of art techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRD and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. TEM analysis revealed that the obtained TiO2 nanostructures possess nanofibrous morphology with an average diameter of 26 ± 4 nm. Results of characterization of nanocomposite scaffolds confirmed the effective loading of TNW in P(VDF-TrFE) matrix. Fabricated P(VDF-TrFE)/TNW scaffolds possessed good mechanical strength and cytocompatibility. Osteoblast like cells showed higher adhesion and proliferation on the nanocomposite scaffolds. This investigation revealed that the developed P(VDF-TrFE) scaffolds containing TNW can be used as potential scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Augustine
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bishop Kurialacherry College for Women, Amalagiri, Kottayam, Kerala, 686561, India
| | - Robin Augustine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varun Raghuveeran
- MIMS Research Foundation, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences (Aster MIMS), Kozhikode, Kerala, 673016, India
| | - Didier Rouxel
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
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New Absorbable Microvascular Anastomotic Devices Representing a Modified Sleeve Technique: Evaluation of Two Types of Source Material and Design. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10945. [PMID: 31358889 PMCID: PMC6662823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to create a new absorbable vascular anastomotic coupler and evaluate the patency and degradation degree. Vascular anastomosis was performed in the jugular vein in 31 New Zealand white female rabbits. The coupler consisted of an inner and outer ring. One side of the jugular vein was passed through and overlapped the inner ring. The opposite side of the jugular vein overlapped the everted jugular vein on the inner ring. Then, the outer ring engaged with the inner ring and completed the anastomosis. The outer rings were also constructed with two shapes including an O-type that had no slit and a C-type with a slit on the outer ring of the O-type coupler to allows expandability of the diameter. A Phase I experiment was performed to evaluate the degradability of the source materials, including the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) couplers. A Phase II experiment was performed to evaluate the patency and anastomosis time of the O-type PLGA and PCL couplers. A Phase III experiment was performed to evaluate the patency and anastomosis time of suture anastomosis (control) and the C-type PLGA coupler. The patency was determined by ultrasonography and open exploration. Histological analysis was performed to determine the degradability of the couplers. In Phase I, the PLGA couplers were completely degraded with good vascular wall remodeling at 8 months, while the PCL couplers demonstrated incomplete degradation. In Phases II and III, the anastomosis time was significantly shorter in the coupler groups than that in the control group. All of the coupler groups demonstrated complete patency of the anastomoses on ultrasonography. In Phase III, the C-type PLGA coupler also demonstrated patency and complete degradation at 8 months. PLGA is a suitable source material for absorbable couplers due to its fast degradability. We devised the O-shaped outer ring for the C-shaped outer ring to increase flexibility, which also demonstrated complete patency during the experimental period. Our absorbable microvascular anastomosis devices could provide rapid and reliable microvascular anastomosis without anastomotic failure.
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Tao O, Kort-Mascort J, Lin Y, Pham HM, Charbonneau AM, ElKashty OA, Kinsella JM, Tran SD. The Applications of 3D Printing for Craniofacial Tissue Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E480. [PMID: 31319522 PMCID: PMC6680740 DOI: 10.3390/mi10070480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology in the field of dentistry. It uses a layer-by-layer manufacturing technique to create scaffolds that can be used for dental tissue engineering applications. While several 3D printing methodologies exist, such as selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling, this paper will review the applications of 3D printing for craniofacial tissue engineering; in particular for the periodontal complex, dental pulp, alveolar bone, and cartilage. For the periodontal complex, a 3D printed scaffold was attempted to treat a periodontal defect; for dental pulp, hydrogels were created that can support an odontoblastic cell line; for bone and cartilage, a polycaprolactone scaffold with microspheres induced the formation of multiphase fibrocartilaginous tissues. While the current research highlights the development and potential of 3D printing, more research is required to fully understand this technology and for its incorporation into the dental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Tao
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Kort-Mascort
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrook Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuan Road West, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hieu M Pham
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - André M Charbonneau
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Osama A ElKashty
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 22123, Egypt
| | - Joseph M Kinsella
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrook Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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Hauptmann N, Lian Q, Ludolph J, Rothe H, Hildebrand G, Liefeith K. Biomimetic Designer Scaffolds Made of D,L-Lactide- ɛ-Caprolactone Polymers by 2-Photon Polymerization. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2019; 25:167-186. [PMID: 30632460 PMCID: PMC6589497 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT In tissue engineering (TE), the establishment of cell targeting materials, which mimic the conditions of the physiological extracellular matrix (ECM), seems to be a mission impossible without advanced materials and fabrication techniques. With this in mind we established a toolbox based on (D,L)-lactide-ɛ-caprolactone methacrylate (LCM) copolymers in combination with a nano-micromaskless lithography technique, the two-photon polymerization (2-PP) to mimic the hierarchical structured and complex milieu of the natural ECM. To demonstrate the versatility of this toolbox, we choose two completely different application scenarios in bone and tumor TE to show the high potential of this concept in therapeutic and diagnostic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hauptmann
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Qilin Lian
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Johanna Ludolph
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Holger Rothe
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hildebrand
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus Liefeith
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V. (iba), Rosenhof, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
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Zhang D, Liu W, Wu XD, He X, Lin X, Wang H, Li J, Jiang J, Huang W. Efficacy of novel nano-hydroxyapatite/polyurethane composite scaffolds with silver phosphate particles in chronic osteomyelitis. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:59. [PMID: 31127361 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, chronic osteomyelitis is still a challenging surgical problem. Unfortunately, the traditional clinical method using bone cement loaded antibiotics is restricted due to its non-biodegradability and limited release of antibiotics. Hydroxyapatite is a good adsorbent with good biocompatibility, an ideal bone repair material, and can avert the requirement for the secondary surgical procedure of removal. In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite combined with a polyurethane containing 3% silver (Ag/n-HA/PU) was synthesized, and investigated for its efficacy of treating chronic bone infection with bone defects. To clarify its silver ions release characteristics, the concentration of the Ag+ in the elution was analyzed every day after in vitro deionized water immersion. A chronic osteomyelitis of tibia in rabbit model was established, and 70 New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups, including the blank control group, nano-hydroxyapatite combined with polyurethane (n-HA/PU) implant group, 3% Ag/n-HA/PU group and 10% Ag/n-HA/PU group after debridement. Routine blood tests, radiography, Micro-CT, and histological staining were conducted at 4 days, 3, 6 and 12 weeks post-treatment. The results showed that the released silver from the 3% Ag/n-HA/PU and 10% Ag/n-HA/PU exhibited an initial burst release and followed by a slow controlled release up to 39 days and 42 days respectively. A good repair of bone defects, an appropriate rate of degradation of scaffolds and no significant toxicity were observed in the 3% Ag/n-HA/PU group, indicating the advantages of this novel synthetic scaffold to be a potential option for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. A novel nano-composite, nano-hydroxyapatite combined with a polyurethane containing 3% silver (Ag/n-HA/PU) provide controlled release of Ag+, illustrated by its abilities of biodegradation, antimicrobial activity, and favorable repair of bone defects in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Zhang
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Wu
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoqiang He
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jiaxing Jiang
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Adhesion and Proliferation of Osteoblast-Like Cells on Porous Polyetherimide Scaffolds. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1491028. [PMID: 30598988 PMCID: PMC6288576 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1491028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the porous polyetherimide scaffold (P-PEIs) as an alternative biopolymer for bone tissue engineering. The P-PEIs was fabricated via solvent casting and particulate leaching technique. The morphology, phase composition, roughness, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility of P-PEIs were evaluated and compared with polyetherimide (PEI) and Ti6Al4V disks. P-PEIs showed a biomimetic porous structure with a modulus of 78.95 ± 2.30 MPa. The water contact angle of P-PEIs was 75.4 ± 3.39°, which suggested that P-PEIs had a wettability surface. Moreover, P-PEIs provides a feasible environment for cell adhesion and proliferation. The relative cell adhesion capability and the cell morphology on P-PEIs were better than PEI and Ti6Al4V samples. Furthermore, the MC3T3-E1 cells on P-PEIs showed faster proliferation rate than other groups. It was revealed that the P-PEIs could be a potential material for the application of bone regeneration.
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Jiménez NT, Carlos Munévar J, González JM, Infante C, Lara SJP. In vitro response of dental pulp stem cells in 3D scaffolds: A regenerative bone material. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00775. [PMID: 30263971 PMCID: PMC6156910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional-porous scaffolds of bone graft substitutes play a critical role in both cell targeting and transplantation strategies. These scaffolds provide surfaces that facilitate the response of stem cells related to attachment, survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro behavior of human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells cultured on scaffolds of polylactic/polyglycolic acid with and without hydroxyapatite. Method We performed an in vitro experimental study using dental pulp stem cells obtained from samples of premolars, molars. The cells were cultured on scaffolds with osteogenic differentiation medium. Cell proliferation, adhesion and cell differentiation to an osteoblastic linage in the biomaterial were evaluated at three different time points: 7, 15 and 30 days. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Analysis of the data was performed with the Split Plot block and MANOVA model. Results The differentiation capability of hDPSCs towards the osteoblast lineage was better in the scaffold of PLGA/HA at 7, 15 and 30 days, as indicated by the high expression of osteogenic markers RUNX2, ALP, OPN and COL-I, compared with differentiation in the PLGA scaffold. No statistically significant differences were found in cell adhesion between the two types of scaffolds. Conclusion The PLGA/HA scaffold provided better physical and chemical signals, as judged by the ability of dental pulp stem cells to adhere, proliferate and differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nury Tatiana Jiménez
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Munévar
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Manuel González
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Clementina Infante
- Master in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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40
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Green BJ, Worthington KS, Thompson JR, Bunn SJ, Rethwisch M, Kaalberg EE, Jiao C, Wiley LA, Mullins RF, Stone EM, Sohn EH, Tucker BA, Guymon CA. Effect of Molecular Weight and Functionality on Acrylated Poly(caprolactone) for Stereolithography and Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3682-3692. [PMID: 30044915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Degradable polymers are integral components in many biomedical polymer applications. The ability of these materials to decompose in situ has become a critical component for tissue engineering, allowing scaffolds to guide cell and tissue growth while facilitating gradual regeneration of native tissue. The objective of this work is to understand the role of prepolymer molecular weight and functionality of photocurable poly(caprolactone) (PCL) in determining reaction kinetics, mechanical properties, polymer degradation, biocompatibility, and suitability for stereolithography. PCL, a degradable polymer used in a number of biomedical applications, was functionalized with acrylate groups to enable photopolymerization and three-dimensional printing via stereolithography. PCL prepolymers with different molecular weights and functionalities were studied to understand the role of molecular structure in reaction kinetics, mechanical properties, and degradation rates. The mechanical properties of photocured PCL were dependent on cross-link density and directly related to the molecular weight and functionality of the prepolymers. High-molecular weight, low-functionality PCLDA prepolymers exhibited a lower modulus and a higher strain at break, while low-molecular weight, high-functionality PCLTA prepolymers exhibited a lower strain at break and a higher modulus. Additionally, degradation profiles of cross-linked PCL followed a similar trend, with low cross-link density leading to degradation times up to 2.5 times shorter than those of more highly cross-linked polymers. Furthermore, photopolymerized PCL showed biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo, causing no observed detrimental effects on seeded murine-induced pluripotent stem cells or when implanted into pig retinas. Finally, the ability to create three-dimensional PCL structures is shown by fabrication of simple structures using digital light projection stereolithography. Low-molecular weight, high-functionality PCLTA prepolymers printed objects with feature sizes near the hardware resolution limit of 50 μm. This work lays the foundation for future work in fabricating microscale PCL structures for a wide range of tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Green
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 4133 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Kristan S Worthington
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 5602 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Jessica R Thompson
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 5602 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Spencer J Bunn
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 4133 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Mary Rethwisch
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 4133 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Emily E Kaalberg
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Chunhua Jiao
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Luke A Wiley
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Robert F Mullins
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Edwin M Stone
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Elliott H Sohn
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Budd A Tucker
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine , The University of Iowa , 4111 Medical Education and Research Facility , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - C Allan Guymon
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , The University of Iowa , 4133 Seamans Center , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
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Alagoz AS, Rodriguez-Cabello JC, Hasirci V. PHBV wet-spun scaffold coated with ELR-REDV improves vascularization for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:055010. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Park SA, Lee HJ, Kim KS, Lee SJ, Lee JT, Kim SY, Chang NH, Park SY. In Vivo Evaluation of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffold Implantation Combined with β-TCP Powder for Alveolar Bone Augmentation in a Beagle Defect Model. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11020238. [PMID: 29401707 PMCID: PMC5848935 DOI: 10.3390/ma11020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient bone volume is one of the major challenges encountered by dentists after dental implant placement. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a customized three-dimensional polycaprolactone (3D PCL) scaffold implant fabricated with a 3D bio-printing system to facilitate rapid alveolar bone regeneration. Saddle-type bone defects were surgically created on the healed site after extracting premolars from the mandibles of four beagle dogs. The defects were radiologically examined using computed tomography for designing a customized 3D PCL scaffold block to fit the defect site. After fabricating 3D PCL scaffolds using rapid prototyping, the scaffolds were implanted into the alveolar bone defects along with β-tricalcium phosphate powder. In vivo analysis showed that the PCL blocks maintained the physical space and bone conductivity around the defects. In addition, no inflammatory infiltrates were observed around the scaffolds. However, new bone formation occurred adjacent to the scaffolds, rather than directly in contact with them. More new bone was observed around PCL blocks with 400/1200 lattices than around blocks with 400/400 lattices, but the difference was not significant. These results indicated the potential of 3D-printed porous PCL scaffolds to promote alveolar bone regeneration for defect healing in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su A Park
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.
| | - Keun-Suh Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea.
| | - Jung-Tae Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Dankook University, Yongin-si 16890, Korea.
| | - Sung-Yeol Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.
| | - Na-Hee Chang
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.
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Daly AC, Freeman FE, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Critchley SE, Nulty J, Kelly DJ. 3D Bioprinting for Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28804984 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the field of cartilage and bone tissue engineering over the last two decades. As a result, there is real promise that strategies to regenerate rather than replace damaged or diseased bones and joints will one day reach the clinic however, a number of major challenges must still be addressed before this becomes a reality. These include vascularization in the context of large bone defect repair, engineering complex gradients for bone-soft tissue interface regeneration and recapitulating the stratified zonal architecture present in many adult tissues such as articular cartilage. Tissue engineered constructs typically lack such spatial complexity in cell types and tissue organization, which may explain their relatively limited success to date. This has led to increased interest in bioprinting technologies in the field of musculoskeletal tissue engineering. The additive, layer by layer nature of such biofabrication strategies makes it possible to generate zonal distributions of cells, matrix and bioactive cues in 3D. The adoption of biofabrication technology in musculoskeletal tissue engineering may therefore make it possible to produce the next generation of biological implants capable of treating a range of conditions. Here, advances in bioprinting for cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Daly
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
| | - Fiona E. Freeman
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
| | - Tomas Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
| | - Susan E. Critchley
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
| | - Jessica Nulty
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER); Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
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Dong L, Wang SJ, Zhao XR, Zhu YF, Yu JK. 3D- Printed Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffold Integrated with Cell-laden Chitosan Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13412. [PMID: 29042614 PMCID: PMC5645328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic polymeric scaffolds are commonly used in bone tissue engineering (BTE) due to their biocompatibility and adequate mechanical properties. However, their hydrophobicity and the lack of specific cell recognition sites confined their practical application. In this study, to improve the cell seeding efficiency and osteoinductivity, an injectable thermo-sensitive chitosan hydrogel (CSG) was incorporated into a 3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold to form a hybrid scaffold. To demonstrate the feasibility of this hybrid system for BTE application, rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were encapsulated in CSG. Pure PCL scaffolds were used as controls. Cell proliferation and viability were investigated. Osteogenic gene expressions of BMMSCs in various scaffolds were determined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Growth factor releasing profile and mechanical tests were performed. CCK-8 assay confirmed greater cell retention and proliferation in chitosan and hybrid groups. Confocal microscopy showed even distribution of cells in the hybrid system. After 2-week osteogenic culture in vitro, BMMSCs in hybrid and chitosan scaffolds showed stronger osteogenesis and bone-matrix formation. To conclude, chitosan/PCL hybrid scaffolds are a favorable platform for BTE due to its capacity to carry cells and drugs, and excellent mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Jie Wang
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.,Department of Joint Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin-Rong Zhao
- Medical and Health Analysis Center, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fang Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, P.R. China.
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
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Ye P, Yu B, Deng J, She RF, Huang WL. Application of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold in the repair of rabbit radial bone defect. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5547-5553. [PMID: 29285090 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF), chitosan (CS) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) possess excellent biocompatibility, thus, these were used to construct a SF/CS/nHA composite scaffold. Previously published results identified that this material exhibited satisfactory physical and chemical properties, and therefore qualified as a repair material in bone tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to investigate the capacity and mechanism of this composite scaffold in repairing bone defects. In total, 45 New Zealand white rabbits were used to model defect in the right radial bone. A radial bone defect was induced, and rabbits were divided into the following treatment groups (n=15 in each): Group A, in which the SF/CS/nHA scaffold was implanted; group B, in which the SF/CS scaffold was implanted; and group C, in which rabbits did not receive subsequent treatment. X-ray scanning, specimen observation and histopathological examination were implemented at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months after modeling, in order to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and mechanism. At 1 month after modeling, the bone density shadow in the X-ray scan was darker in group A as compared with that in group B. Observation of the pathological specimens indicated that normal bone tissues partially replaced the scaffold. At 2 months, the bone density shadow of group A was similar to normal bone tissues, and normal tissue began to replace the scaffold. At 3-4 months after modeling, the X-ray scan and histopathological observation indicated that the normal bone tissues completely replaced the scaffold in group A, with an unobstructed marrow cavity. However, the bone mass of group B was lower in comparison with that of group A. The bone defect induced in group C was filled with fibrous connective tissues. Therefore, it was concluded that the SF/CS/nHA composite scaffold may be a promising material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Southern Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Feng She
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Liang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
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Ribeiro JFM, Oliveira SM, Alves JL, Pedro AJ, Reis RL, Fernandes EM, Mano JF. Structural monitoring and modeling of the mechanical deformation of three-dimensional printed poly(
ε
-caprolactone) scaffolds. Biofabrication 2017; 9:025015. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa698e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Study of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold containing simvastatin for bone healing. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2017; 15:e133-e141. [PMID: 28291900 PMCID: PMC6379770 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for the development of bone substitutes; for this purpose, three things are necessary: stem cells, a scaffold to allow tissue growth and factors that induce tissue regeneration. METHODS To congregate such efforts, we used the bioresorbable and biocompatible polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as scaffold. For the osteoinductive factor, we used simvastatin (SIM), a drug with a pleiotropic effect on bone growth. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured in PLGA containing SIM, and the bone substitute of PLGA/SIM/MSC was grafted into critical defects of rat calvaria. RESULTS The in vitro results showed that SIM directly interfered with the proliferation of MSC promoting cell death, while in the pure PLGA scaffold the MSC grew continuously. Scaffolds were implanted in the calvaria of rats and separated into groups: control (empty defect), PLGA pure, PLGA/SIM, PLGA/MSC and PLGA/SIM/MSC. The increase in bone growth was higher in the PLGA/SIM group. CONCLUSIONS We observed no improvement in the growth of bone tissue after implantation of the PLGA/SIM/MSC scaffold. As compared with in vitro results, our main hypothesis is that the microarchitecture of PLGA associated with low SIM release would have created an in vivo microenvironment of concentrated SIM that might have induced MSC death. However, our findings indicate that once implanted, both PLGA/SIM and PLGA/MSC contributed to bone formation. We suggest that strategies to maintain the viability of MSCs after cultivation in PLGA/SIM will contribute to improvement of bone regeneration.
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Ronca A, Ronca S, Forte G, Zeppetelli S, Gloria A, De Santis R, Ambrosio L. Synthesis and characterization of divinyl-fumarate poly-ε-caprolactone for scaffolds with controlled architectures. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e523-e531. [PMID: 27690189 DOI: 10.1002/term.2322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A vinyl-terminated polycaprolactone has been developed for tissue engineering applications using a one-step synthesis and functionalization method based on ring opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-Caprolactone, with hydroxyl ethyl vinyl ether (HEVE) acting both as the initiator of ROP and as photo-curable functional group. The proposed method employs a catalyst based on aluminium, instead of the most popular Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, to reduce the cytotoxicity. Following the synthesis of the vinyl-terminated polycaprolactone, its reaction with fumaryl chloride (FuCl) results in a divinyl-fumarate polycaprolactone (VPCLF). The polymers obtained were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) techniques. The polymer has been successfully employed, in combination with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), to fabricate films and computer-designed porous scaffolds by micro-stereolithography (μ-SL) with gyroid and diamond architectures. Characterization of the networks indicated the influence of NVP content on the network properties. Human mesenchymal stem cells adhered and spread onto VPCLF/NVP networks showing good biological properties and no cytotoxic effect. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ronca
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Ronca
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Stefania Zeppetelli
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gloria
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto De Santis
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemical Science and Materials Technology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
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Youssef A, Hollister SJ, Dalton PD. Additive manufacturing of polymer melts for implantable medical devices and scaffolds. Biofabrication 2017; 9:012002. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa5766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Esposito Corcione C, Gervaso F, Scalera F, Montagna F, Sannino A, Maffezzoli A. The feasibility of printing polylactic acid-nanohydroxyapatite composites using a low-cost fused deposition modeling 3D printer. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carola Esposito Corcione
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesca Gervaso
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesca Scalera
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesco Montagna
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Alfonso Maffezzoli
- Department of Engineering for Innovation; University of Salento; Via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
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