1
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Bjorgvinsdottir O, Ferguson SJ, Snorradottir BS, Gudjonsson T, Wuertz-Kozak K. The influence of physical and spatial substrate characteristics on endothelial cells. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101060. [PMID: 38711934 PMCID: PMC11070711 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a main cause of death worldwide, leading to a growing demand for medical devices to treat this patient group. Central to the engineering of such devices is a good understanding of the biology and physics of cell-surface interactions. In existing blood-contacting devices, such as vascular grafts, the interaction between blood, cells, and material is one of the main limiting factors for their long-term durability. An improved understanding of the material's chemical- and physical properties as well as its structure all play a role in how endothelial cells interact with the material surface. This review provides an overview of how different surface structures influence endothelial cell responses and what is currently known about the underlying mechanisms that guide this behavior. The structures reviewed include decellularized matrices, electrospun fibers, pillars, pits, and grated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oddny Bjorgvinsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37 / 39, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Thorarinn Gudjonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), 160 Lomb Memorial Drive Bldg. 73, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
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2
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Vermue IJM, Begum R, Castilho M, Rookmaaker MB, Masereeuw R, Bouten CVC, Verhaar MC, Cheng C. Renal Biology Driven Macro- and Microscale Design Strategies for Creating an Artificial Proximal Tubule Using Fiber-Based Technologies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4679-4693. [PMID: 34490771 PMCID: PMC8512683 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Chronic kidney disease
affects one in six people worldwide. Due
to the scarcity of donor kidneys and the complications associated
with hemodialysis (HD), a cell-based bioartificial kidney (BAK) device
is desired. One of the shortcomings of HD is the lack of active transport
of solutes that would normally be performed by membrane transporters
in kidney epithelial cells. Specifically, proximal tubule (PT) epithelial
cells play a major role in the active transport of metabolic waste
products. Therefore, a BAK containing an artificial PT to actively
transport solutes between the blood and the filtrate could provide
major therapeutic advances. Creating such an artificial PT requires
a biocompatible tubular structure which supports the adhesion and
function of PT-specific epithelial cells. Ideally, this scaffold should
structurally replicate the natural PT basement membrane which consists
mainly of collagen fibers. Fiber-based technologies such as electrospinning
are therefore especially promising for PT scaffold manufacturing.
This review discusses the use of electrospinning technologies to generate
an artificial PT scaffold for ex vivo/in
vivo cellularization. We offer a comparison of currently
available electrospinning technologies and outline the desired scaffold
properties required to serve as a PT scaffold. Discussed also are
the potential technologies that may converge in the future, enabling
the effective and biomimetic incorporation of synthetic PTs in to
BAK devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- IJsbrand M Vermue
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Runa Begum
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Doostmohammadi M, Forootanfar H, Ramakrishna S. Regenerative medicine and drug delivery: Progress via electrospun biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 109:110521. [PMID: 32228899 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide research on electrospinning enabled it as a versatile technique for producing nanofibers with specified physio-chemical characteristics suitable for diverse biomedical applications. In the case of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the nanofiber scaffolds' characteristics are custom designed based on the cells and tissues specific needs. This fabrication technique is also innovated for the production of nanofibers with special micro-structure and secondary structure characteristics such as porous fibers, hollow structure, and core- sheath structure. This review attempts to critically and succinctly capture the vast number of developments reported in the literature over the past two decades. We then discuss their applications as scaffolds for induction of cells growth and differentiation or as architecture for being used as graft for tissue engineering. The special nanofibers designed for improving regeneration of several tissues including heart, bone, central nerve system, spinal cord, skin and ocular tissue are introduced. We also discuss the potential of the electrospinning in drug delivery applications, which is a critical factor for cell culture, tissue formation and wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Doostmohammadi
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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4
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Liu Y, Nelson T, Chakroff J, Cromeens B, Johnson J, Lannutti J, Besner GE. Comparison of polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, and collagen as scaffolds for the production of tissue engineered intestine. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:750-760. [PMID: 30270503 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-seeded scaffolds play critical roles in the production of tissue engineered intestine (TEI), a potential strategy for the treatment of short bowel syndrome. The current study compares polyglycolic acid (PGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and collagen as scaffolds for TEI production. Tubular PGA scaffolds were prepared from nonwoven BIOFELT® . Tubular PCL scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning. Tubular collagen scaffolds were prepared using CollaTape, a wound dressing material. Both PGA and collagen were coated with poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) to improve scaffold mechanical properties. Pore size, porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties (suture retention strength and ultimate compressive force) were determined. The scaffolds were first seeded with crypt stem cells isolated from 1 to 3 day old rat pups and then implanted into the peritoneal cavity of nude rats. After 4 weeks of in vivo incubation, these cell-seeded scaffolds were harvested for assessment of the TEI produced. Of the three materials compared, PLLA coated tubular PGA scaffolds had the appropriate pore size, mechanical properties and degradation rate leading to the production of TEI with an architecture similar to that of native rat intestine. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 750-760, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Liu
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tyler Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Barrett Cromeens
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - John Lannutti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gail E Besner
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Columbus, Ohio
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5
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Burton TP, Callanan A. A Non-woven Path: Electrospun Poly(lactic acid) Scaffolds for Kidney Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:301-310. [PMID: 30603555 PMCID: PMC6171675 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a major global health problem affecting millions of people; kidney tissue engineering provides an opportunity to better understand this disease, and has the capacity to provide a cure. Two-dimensional cell culture and decellularised tissue have been the main focus of this research thus far, but despite promising results these methods are not without their shortcomings. Polymer fabrication techniques such as electrospinning have the potential to provide a non-woven path for kidney tissue engineering. In this experiment we isolated rat primary kidney cells which were seeded on electrospun poly(lactic acid) scaffolds. Our results showed that the scaffolds were capable of sustaining a multi-population of kidney cells, determined by the presence of: aquaporin-1 (proximal tubules), aquaporin-2 (collecting ducts), synaptopodin (glomerular epithelia) and von Willebrand factor (glomerular endothelia cells), viability of cells appeared to be unaffected by fibre diameter. The ability of electrospun polymer scaffold to act as a conveyor for kidney cells makes them an ideal candidate within kidney tissue engineering; the non-woven path provides benefits over decellularised tissue by offering a high morphological control as well as providing superior mechanical properties with degradation over a tuneable time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P. Burton
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King’s Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL UK
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King’s Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL UK
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6
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Madhavan K, Frid MG, Hunter K, Shandas R, Stenmark KR, Park D. Development of an electrospun biomimetic polyurea scaffold suitable for vascular grafting. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 106:278-290. [PMID: 28130878 PMCID: PMC6080858 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of biomechanical and biochemical properties of a vascular graft to render properties relevant to physiological environments is a major challenge today. These critical properties of a vascular graft not only regulate its stability and integrity, but also control invasion of cells for scaffold remodeling permitting its integration with native tissue. In this work, we have synthesized a biomimetic scaffold by electrospinning a blend of a polyurea, poly(serinol hexamethylene urea) (PSHU), and, a polyester, poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL). Mechanical properties of the scaffold were varied by varying polymer blending ratio and electrospinning flow rate. Mechanical characterization revealed that scaffolds with lower PSHU content relative to PCL content resulted in elasticity close to native mammalian arteries. We also found that increasing electrospinning flow rates also increased the elasticity of the matrix. Optimization of elasticity generated scaffolds that enabled vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to adhere, grow and maintain a SMC phenotype. The 30/70 scaffold also underwent slower degradation than scaffolds with higher PSHU content, thereby, providing the best option for in vivo remodeling. Further, Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGD) covalently conjugated to the polyurea backbone in 30/70 scaffold resulted in significantly increased clotting times. Reducing surface thrombogenicity by the conjugation of RGD is critical to avoiding intimal hyperplasia. Hence, biomechanical and biochemical properties of a vascular graft can be balanced by optimizing synthesis parameters and constituent components. For these reasons, the optimized RGD-conjugated 30/70 scaffold electrospun at 2.5 or 5 mL/h has great potential as a suitable material for vascular grafting applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 278-290, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Madhavan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Maria G. Frid
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kendall Hunter
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Robin Shandas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Daewon Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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7
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Spencer C, Abend S, McHugh KJ, Saint-Geniez M. Identification of a synergistic interaction between endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelium. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2542-2552. [PMID: 28402065 PMCID: PMC5618686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium located between the neurosensory retina and the choroidal vasculature is critical for the function and maintenance of both the photoreceptors and underlying capillary endothelium. While the trophic role of retinal pigment epithelium on choroidal endothelial cells is well recognized, the existence of a reciprocal regulatory function of endothelial cells on retinal pigment epithelium cells remained to be fully characterized. Using a physiological long‐term co‐culture system, we determined the effect of retinal pigment epithelium‐endothelial cell heterotypic interactions on cell survival, behaviour and matrix deposition. Human retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells were cultured on opposite sides of polyester transwells for up to 4 weeks in low serum conditions. Cell viability was quantified using a trypan blue assay. Cellular morphology was evaluated by H&E staining, S.E.M. and immunohistochemistry. Retinal pigment epithelium phagocytic function was examined using a fluorescent bead assay. Gene expression analysis was performed on both retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells by quantitative PCR. Quantification of extracellular matrix deposition was performed on decellularized transwells stained for collagen IV, fibronectin and fibrillin. Our results showed that presence of endothelial cells significantly improves retinal pigment epithelium maturation and function as indicated by the induction of visual cycle‐associated genes, accumulation of a Bruch's membrane‐like matrix and increase in retinal pigment epithelium phagocytic activity. Co‐culture conditions led to increased expression of anti‐angiogenic growth factors and receptors in both retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells compared to monoculture. Tube‐formation assays confirmed that co‐culture with retinal pigment epithelium significantly decreased the angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells. These findings provide evidence of critical interdependent interactions between retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cell involved in the maintenance of retinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Spencer
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Abend
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J McHugh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magali Saint-Geniez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Jansen K, Schuurmans CCL, Jansen J, Masereeuw R, Vermonden T. Hydrogel-Based Cell Therapies for Kidney Regeneration: Current Trends in Biofabrication and In Vivo Repair. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:3845-3857. [PMID: 28699526 PMCID: PMC6302346 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170710155726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Facing the problems of limited renal regeneration capacity and the persistent shortage of donor kidneys, dialysis remains the only treatment option for many end-stage renal disease patients. Unfortunately, dialysis is only a medium-term solution because large and protein-bound uremic solutes are not efficiently cleared from the body and lead to disease progression over time. Current strategies for improved renal replacement therapies (RRTs) range from whole organ engineering to biofabrication of renal assist devices and biological injectables for in vivo regeneration. Notably, all approaches coincide with the incorporation of cellular components and biomimetic micro-environments. Concerning the latter, hydrogels form promising materials as scaffolds and cell carrier systems due to the demonstrated biocompatibility of most natural hydrogels, tunable biochemical and mechanical properties, and various application possibilities. In this review, the potential of hydrogel-based cell therapies for kidney regeneration is discussed. First, we provide an overview of current trends in the development of RRTs and in vivo regeneration options, before examining the possible roles of hydrogels within these fields. We discuss major application-specific hydrogel design criteria and, subsequently, assess the potential of emergent biofabrication technologies, such as micromolding, microfluidics and electrodeposition for the development of new RRTs and injectable stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Jansen
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Carl C L Schuurmans
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
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9
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Bružauskaitė I, Bironaitė D, Bagdonas E, Bernotienė E. Scaffolds and cells for tissue regeneration: different scaffold pore sizes-different cell effects. Cytotechnology 2016. [PMID: 26091616 DOI: 10.1007/sl0616-0159895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decade biomaterial sciences and tissue engineering have become new scientific fields supplying rising demand of regenerative therapy. Tissue engineering requires consolidation of a broad knowledge of cell biology and modern biotechnology investigating biocompatibility of materials and their application for the reconstruction of damaged organs and tissues. Stem cell-based tissue regeneration started from the direct cell transplantation into damaged tissues or blood vessels. However, it is difficult to track transplanted cells and keep them in one particular place of diseased organ. Recently, new technologies such as cultivation of stem cell on the scaffolds and subsequently their implantation into injured tissue have been extensively developed. Successful tissue regeneration requires scaffolds with particular mechanical stability or biodegradability, appropriate size, surface roughness and porosity to provide a suitable microenvironment for the sufficient cell-cell interaction, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Further functioning of implanted cells highly depends on the scaffold pore sizes that play an essential role in nutrient and oxygen diffusion and waste removal. In addition, pore sizes strongly influence cell adhesion, cell-cell interaction and cell transmigration across the membrane depending on the various purposes of tissue regeneration. Therefore, this review will highlight contemporary tendencies in application of non-degradable scaffolds and stem cells in regenerative medicine with a particular focus on the pore sizes significantly affecting final recover of diseased organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Bružauskaitė
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bironaitė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Edvardas Bagdonas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotienė
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygimantu 9, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Lou T, Wang X, Yan X, Miao Y, Long YZ, Yin HL, Sun B, Song G. Fabrication and biocompatibility of poly(l-lactic acid) and chitosan composite scaffolds with hierarchical microstructures. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 64:341-345. [PMID: 27127062 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The scaffold microstructure is crucial to reconstruct tissue normal functions. In this article, poly(l-lactic acid) and chitosan fiber (PLLA/CTSF) composite scaffolds with hierarchical microstructures both in fiber and pore sizes were successfully fabricated by combining thermal induced phase separation and salt leaching techniques. The composite scaffolds consisted of a nanofibrous PLLA matrix with diameter of 50-500nm, and chitosan fibers with diameter of about 20μm were homogenously distributed in the PLLA matrix as a microsized reinforcer. The composite scaffolds also had high porosity (>94%) and hierarchical pore size, which were consisted of both micropores (50nm-10μm) and macropores (50-300μm). By tailoring the microstructure and chemical composition, the mechanical property, pH buffer and protein adsorption capacity of the composite scaffold were improved significantly compared with those of PLLA scaffold. Cell culture results also revealed that the PLLA/CTSF composite scaffolds supported MG-63 osteoblast proliferation and penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xuejun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xu Yan
- College of Physics & Collaborative Innovation Center for Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials and Optoelectronic Devices, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yun-Ze Long
- College of Physics & Collaborative Innovation Center for Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials and Optoelectronic Devices, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Hai-Lei Yin
- Department of Osteology, No. 401 Hospital of P. L. A., Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Physics & Collaborative Innovation Center for Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials and Optoelectronic Devices, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guojun Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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11
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Wang X, Lou T, Zhao W, Song G, Li C, Cui G. The effect of fiber size and pore size on cell proliferation and infiltration in PLLA scaffolds on bone tissue engineering. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1545-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216636320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The scaffold microstructure has a great impact on cell functions in tissue engineering. Herein, the PLLA scaffolds with hierarchical fiber size and pore size were successfully fabricated by thermal-induced phase separation or combined thermal-induced phase separation and salt leaching methods. The PLLA scaffolds were fabricated as microfibrous scaffolds, microfibrous scaffolds with macropores (50–350 µm), nanofibrous scaffolds with micropores (100 nm to 10 µm), and nanofibrous scaffolds with both macropores and micropores by tailoring selective solvents for forming different fiber size and pre-sieved salts for creating controlled pore size. Among the four kinds of PLLA scaffolds, the nanofibrous scaffolds with both macropores and micropores provided a favorable microenvironment for protein adsorption, cell proliferation, and cell infiltration. The results further confirmed the significance of fiber size and pore size on the biological properties, and a scaffold with both micropores and macropores, and a nanofibrous matrix might have promising applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Lou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guojun Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunyao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangpeng Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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12
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Saksena R, Gao C, Wicox M, de Mel A. Tubular organ epithelialisation. J Tissue Eng 2016; 7:2041731416683950. [PMID: 28228931 PMCID: PMC5308438 DOI: 10.1177/2041731416683950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow, tubular organs including oesophagus, trachea, stomach, intestine, bladder and urethra may require repair or replacement due to disease. Current treatment is considered an unmet clinical need, and tissue engineering strategies aim to overcome these by fabricating synthetic constructs as tissue replacements. Smart, functionalised synthetic materials can act as a scaffold base of an organ and multiple cell types, including stem cells can be used to repopulate these scaffolds to replace or repair the damaged or diseased organs. Epithelial cells have not yet completely shown to have efficacious cell-scaffold interactions or good functionality in artificial organs, thus limiting the success of tissue-engineered grafts. Epithelial cells play an essential part of respective organs to maintain their function. Without successful epithelialisation, hollow organs are liable to stenosis, collapse, extensive fibrosis and infection that limit patency. It is clear that the source of cells and physicochemical properties of scaffolds determine the successful epithelialisation. This article presents a review of tissue engineering studies on oesophagus, trachea, stomach, small intestine, bladder and urethral constructs conducted to actualise epithelialised grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Saksena
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chuanyu Gao
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mathew Wicox
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Achala de Mel
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
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Scaffolds and cells for tissue regeneration: different scaffold pore sizes-different cell effects. Cytotechnology 2015. [PMID: 26091616 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9895-4.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade biomaterial sciences and tissue engineering have become new scientific fields supplying rising demand of regenerative therapy. Tissue engineering requires consolidation of a broad knowledge of cell biology and modern biotechnology investigating biocompatibility of materials and their application for the reconstruction of damaged organs and tissues. Stem cell-based tissue regeneration started from the direct cell transplantation into damaged tissues or blood vessels. However, it is difficult to track transplanted cells and keep them in one particular place of diseased organ. Recently, new technologies such as cultivation of stem cell on the scaffolds and subsequently their implantation into injured tissue have been extensively developed. Successful tissue regeneration requires scaffolds with particular mechanical stability or biodegradability, appropriate size, surface roughness and porosity to provide a suitable microenvironment for the sufficient cell-cell interaction, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Further functioning of implanted cells highly depends on the scaffold pore sizes that play an essential role in nutrient and oxygen diffusion and waste removal. In addition, pore sizes strongly influence cell adhesion, cell-cell interaction and cell transmigration across the membrane depending on the various purposes of tissue regeneration. Therefore, this review will highlight contemporary tendencies in application of non-degradable scaffolds and stem cells in regenerative medicine with a particular focus on the pore sizes significantly affecting final recover of diseased organs.
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Scaffolds and cells for tissue regeneration: different scaffold pore sizes-different cell effects. Cytotechnology 2015; 68:355-69. [PMID: 26091616 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade biomaterial sciences and tissue engineering have become new scientific fields supplying rising demand of regenerative therapy. Tissue engineering requires consolidation of a broad knowledge of cell biology and modern biotechnology investigating biocompatibility of materials and their application for the reconstruction of damaged organs and tissues. Stem cell-based tissue regeneration started from the direct cell transplantation into damaged tissues or blood vessels. However, it is difficult to track transplanted cells and keep them in one particular place of diseased organ. Recently, new technologies such as cultivation of stem cell on the scaffolds and subsequently their implantation into injured tissue have been extensively developed. Successful tissue regeneration requires scaffolds with particular mechanical stability or biodegradability, appropriate size, surface roughness and porosity to provide a suitable microenvironment for the sufficient cell-cell interaction, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Further functioning of implanted cells highly depends on the scaffold pore sizes that play an essential role in nutrient and oxygen diffusion and waste removal. In addition, pore sizes strongly influence cell adhesion, cell-cell interaction and cell transmigration across the membrane depending on the various purposes of tissue regeneration. Therefore, this review will highlight contemporary tendencies in application of non-degradable scaffolds and stem cells in regenerative medicine with a particular focus on the pore sizes significantly affecting final recover of diseased organs.
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Meng D, Dong L, Wen Y, Xie Q. Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 47:266-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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McHugh KJ, Tao SL, Saint-Geniez M. Porous poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:1754-62. [PMID: 24550370 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) transplantation is a promising strategy for the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, previous attempts at subretinal RPE cell transplantation have experienced limited success due to poor adhesion, organization, and function on aged or diseased Bruch's membrane. Instead, cell-based strategies may benefit from a synthetic scaffold that mimics the functions of healthy Bruch's membrane to promote the formation of a functional RPE monolayer while maintaining metabolite exchange between the vasculature and outer retina. METHODS This study evaluated the behavior of human RPE on nanopatterned porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) film as a potential scaffold for therapeutic transplantation. Fetal human RPE (fhRPE) was cultured on porous PCL, nonporous PCL, or Costar porous polyester transwells for up to 8 weeks and assessed using light microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, transepithelial resistance, quantitative PCR, ELISAs, and phagocytosis assays. RESULTS fhRPE on porous PCL displayed improved markers of maturity and function compared with both porous polyester transwells and nonporous PCL, including pigmentation, increased cell density, superior barrier function, up-regulation of RPE-specific genes, and polarized growth factor secretion. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that porous PCL is an attractive scaffold for RPE transplantation. In addition to being biocompatible with the subretinal space, porous PCL also allows for trans-scaffold metabolite transport and significantly improves RPE cell behavior compared to nonporous PCL or porous polyester transwells.
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