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Ali SH, Meltzer G, DiClemente RJ, Islam NS, Yi SS, Yang LH, Misra S. How Shared Dietary Behaviors Within Asian American Families Are Influenced by Emotional Interaction Qualities: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s12529-024-10303-4. [PMID: 38867005 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-024-10303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian American (AA) young adults face a looming diet-related non-communicable disease crisis. Interactions with family members are pivotal in the lives of AA young adults and form the basis of family-based interventions; however, little is known on the role of these interactions in shared family food behaviors. Through an analysis of 2021 nationwide survey data of 18-35-year-old AAs, this study examines how the quality of family member interactions associates with changes in shared food purchasing, preparation, and consumption. METHOD Interaction quality was assessed through 41 emotions experienced while interacting with family, and was categorized as positive (e.g., "I look forward to it"), negative (e.g., "I feel annoyed"), and appreciation-related (e.g., "I feel respected") interactions. Participants were also asked how frequently they ate meals, ate out, grocery shopped, and cooked with their family. RESULTS Among the 535 AAs surveyed (47.6% East Asian, 21.4% South Asian, 22.6% Southeast Asian), 842 unique family interactions were analyzed; 43.5% of interactions were with mothers, followed by siblings (27.1%), and fathers (18.5%). Participants most frequently ate meals with their family (at least daily for 33.5% of participants), followed by cooking (at least daily for 11.3%). In adjusted analyses, an increase in shared food behaviors was particularly associated with positive interactions, although most strongly with cooking together and least strongly with eating meals together; significant differences between ethnic subgroups were not observed. CONCLUSION Findings revealed the importance of family interaction quality when leveraging family relationships to develop more tailored, impactful AA young adult dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahmir H Ali
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, USA.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
| | - Gabriella Meltzer
- Department of Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Ralph J DiClemente
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Nadia S Islam
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stella S Yi
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence H Yang
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Supriya Misra
- Department of Public Health, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ali SH, Cai J, Kamal F, Auer S, Yang K, Parikh RS, Parekh N, Islam NS, Merdjanoff AA, DiClemente RJ. A Multi-Stage Dyadic Qualitative Analysis to Disentangle How Dietary Behaviors of Asian American Young Adults are Influenced by Family. Behav Med 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38193280 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2298766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The dietary behaviors of Asian American (AA) young adults, who face a growing non-communicable disease burden, are impacted by complex socio-ecological forces. Family plays a crucial role in the lifestyle behaviors of AA young adults; however, little is known on the methods, contributors, and impact of familial dietary influence. This study aims to deconstruct the mechanisms of AA young adult familial dietary influence through a multi-perspective qualitative assessment. A five-phase method of dyadic analysis adapted from past research was employed to extract nuanced insights from dyadic interviews with AA young adults and family members, and ground findings in behavioral theory (the Social Cognitive Theory, SCT). 37 interviews were conducted: 18 young adults, comprising 10 different AA ethnic subgroups, and 19 family members (10 parents, 9 siblings). Participants described dietary influences that were both active (facilitating, shaping, and restricting) and passive (e.g., sharing foods or environment, mirroring food behaviors). Influences connected strongly with multiple SCT constructs (e.g., behavioral capacity, reinforcements for active influences, and expectations, observational learning for passive influences). Familial influence contributed to changes in the total amount, variety, and healthfulness of foods consumed. Intra-family dynamics were crucial; family members often leveraged each other's persuasiveness or food skills to collaboratively influence diet. AA family-based interventions should consider incorporating both passive and active forms of dietary influence within a family unit, involve multiple family members, and allow for individualization to the unique dynamics and dietary behaviors within each family unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahmir H Ali
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia Cai
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fatema Kamal
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sian Auer
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Yang
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roshan S Parikh
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niyati Parekh
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Rory College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadia S Islam
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Le TP, Ali SH, Atkin AL, Ching THW, Csizmadia A, Tran NK, DiClemente RJ. Family connectedness and sexual minority Asian Americans' eating behavior regulation. Eat Behav 2023; 51:101817. [PMID: 37734352 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
To date, psychosocial and interpersonal protective factors such as family connectedness have received little attention in studies of eating behaviors among sexual minority Asian Americans. Therefore, we investigated associations of family connectedness and two types of eating behavior regulation motives and the moderating role of individualism in these associations among 134 sexual minority Asian American young adults. Linear regression models assessed the main and interaction effects of family connectedness and individualism on introjected and identified eating behavior regulation motives. We observed a significant interaction effect between family connectedness and individualism only on introjected regulation. For participants with low levels of individualism, those who reported high levels of family connectedness had lower scores for introjected regulation of eating behavior. The findings of this study highlight the importance of examining strengths related to sexual minority Asian Americans by demonstrating the important role family connectedness plays in eating behavior regulation motives, particularly for those with lower individualism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Le
- Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr College, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Shahmir H Ali
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annabelle L Atkin
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Terence H W Ching
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Annamaria Csizmadia
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Nguyen K Tran
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ralph J DiClemente
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Ali SH, Mohsin FM, Rouf R, Parekh R, Dhar B, Kaur G, Parekh N, Islam NS, DiClemente RJ. Family Involvement in Asian American Health Interventions: A Scoping Review and Conceptual Model. Public Health Rep 2023; 138:885-895. [PMID: 36560878 PMCID: PMC10576478 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221138851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Family members play a crucial role in the health of Asian American communities, and their involvement in health interventions can be pivotal in optimizing impact and implementation. To explore how family members can be effectively involved in Asian American health interventions and develop a conceptual framework of methods of involvement at the stages of intervention development, process, and evaluation, this scoping review documented the role of Asian American family members in interventions (across any health objective). Of the 7175 studies identified through database and manual searches, we included 48 studies in the final analysis. Many studies focused on Chinese (54%) or Vietnamese (21%) populations, were conducted in California (44%), and involved spouses (35%) or parents/children (39%). We observed involvement across 3 stages: (1) intervention development (formative research, review process, material development), (2) intervention process (recruitment, receiving the intervention together, receiving a parallel intervention, enlisting support to achieve goals, voluntary intervention support, agent of family-wide change, and participation gatekeepers), and (3) intervention evaluation (received evaluation together, indirect impact evaluation, and feedback during intervention). Impact of family member involvement was both positive (as sources of encouragement, insight, accountability, comfort, and passion) and negative (sources of hindrance, backlash, stigma, obligation, and negative influence). Suggestions for future research interventions include (1) exploring family involvement in South Asian or young adult interventions, (2) diversifying types of family members involved (eg, extended family), and (3) diversifying methods of involvement (eg, family members as implementation agents).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahmir H. Ali
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Farhan M. Mohsin
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rejowana Rouf
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ravi Parekh
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Gurket Kaur
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niyati Parekh
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Rory College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadia S. Islam
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Lam EL, Kandula NR, Shah NS. The Role of Family Social Networks in Cardiovascular Health Behaviors Among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:2588-2599. [PMID: 36329308 PMCID: PMC10154436 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Asian American, Native Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations experience significant disparities in cardiovascular health. AANHPI populations also have strong, family-centered social relationships and networks. Since social networks may influence health behaviors, this review aimed to summarize research on the relationship between family social networks and cardiovascular health behaviors among AANHPI individuals. Current evidence suggests that family social network structures may play a particularly important role in smoking, dietary pattern, and physical activity behaviors among AANHPI individuals. Family networks may hinder or promote healthy behaviors through several social network mechanisms including social support, social influence, and social control. These effects vary across different AANHPI subgroups. Recommendations for future research on the role of social networks in health behaviors among AANHPI individuals are provided. Drawing on methodological advances and interventions that leverage social networks in AANHPI populations may be an avenue to improve health and reduce disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Lam
- Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Namratha R Kandula
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nilay S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Gu Y, Ali SH, Guo A. Comparing the role of social connectivity with friends and family in depression among older adults in China: evaluating the moderating effect of urban-rural status. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1162982. [PMID: 37252146 PMCID: PMC10213784 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1162982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social connectivity and support can reduce depressive symptoms. Few studies have examined urban-rural differences in the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in the context of urbanization for Chinese older adults. The overall aim of this study is to examine urban-rural differences in the relationship between family support and social connectivity on depression among Chinese older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the 2010 Sample Survey on Aged Population in Urban/Rural China (SSAPUR). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale short-form (GDS-15). Family support was measured by structural, instrumental, and emotional support. Social connectivity was measured using the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6). Descriptive analysis was conducted using chi-square and independent t-tests to examine urban-rural differences. Adjusted multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the moderating effect of urban-rural status on the association between types of family support and social connectivity with depressive symptoms. Results In rural areas, respondents who felt their children exhibited filial piety (β = -1.512, p < 0.001) and had more social connectivity with family (β = -0.074, p < 0.001) were more likely to report fewer depression symptoms. In urban areas, respondents who received instrumental support from their children (β = -1.276, p < 0.01), who thought their children exhibited filial piety (β = -0.836, p < 0.01), and who had more social connectivity with friends (β = -0.040, p < 0.01) were more likely to report fewer depression symptoms. In the fully adjusted regression model, social connectivity with family was associated with decreased depressive symptoms, although to a lesser degree among urban-dwelling older adults (urban-rural interaction effect, β = 0.053, p < 0.05). Social connectivity with friends was similarly associated with decreased depressive symptoms, although this effect was greater among urban-dwelling older adults (urban-rural interaction effect, β = -0.053, p < 0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggested that older adults both in rural and urban areas with family support and social connectivity were associated with fewer depression symptoms. Differences observed in the role of family and friend social connectivity by urban-rural status may provide practical information for developing targeted social support strategies for improving depressive symptoms among Chinese adults, and call for further mixed-methods research to disentangle mechanisms behind these differing associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Gu
- Center for Gerontology Research, Department of Social Security, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shahmir H. Ali
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aimei Guo
- Center for Gerontology Research, Department of Social Security, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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