1
|
Pascoal C, Francisco R, Mexia P, Pereira BL, Granjo P, Coelho H, Barbosa M, dos Reis Ferreira V, Videira PA. Revisiting the immunopathology of congenital disorders of glycosylation: an updated review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1350101. [PMID: 38550576 PMCID: PMC10972870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1350101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a critical post-translational modification that plays a pivotal role in several biological processes, such as the immune response. Alterations in glycosylation can modulate the course of various pathologies, such as the case of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), a group of more than 160 rare and complex genetic diseases. Although the link between glycosylation and immune dysfunction has already been recognized, the immune involvement in most CDG remains largely unexplored and poorly understood. In this study, we provide an update on the immune dysfunction and clinical manifestations of the 12 CDG with major immune involvement, organized into 6 categories of inborn errors of immunity according to the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). The immune involvement in phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2)-CDG - the most frequent CDG - was comprehensively reviewed, highlighting a higher prevalence of immune issues during infancy and childhood and in R141H-bearing genotypes. Finally, using PMM2-CDG as a model, we point to links between abnormal glycosylation patterns in host cells and possibly favored interactions with microorganisms that may explain the higher susceptibility to infection. Further characterizing immunopathology and unusual host-pathogen adhesion in CDG can not only improve immunological standards of care but also pave the way for innovative preventive measures and targeted glycan-based therapies that may improve quality of life for people living with CDG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Pascoal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rita Francisco
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Mexia
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Luís Pereira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Granjo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Helena Coelho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mariana Barbosa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Vanessa dos Reis Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula Alexandra Videira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO– Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- CDG & Allies-Professionals and Patient Associations International Network, Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kahraman AB, Yaz I, Gocmen R, Aytac S, Metin A, Kilic SS, Tezcan I, Cagdas D. Clinical and Osteopetrosis-Like Radiological Findings in Patients with Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type III. J Clin Immunol 2023:10.1007/s10875-023-01479-7. [PMID: 37014583 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte and platelet integrin function defects are present in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD-III) due to mutations in FERMT3. Additionally, osteoclast/osteoblast dysfunction develops in LAD-III. AIM To discuss the distinguishing clinical, radiological, and laboratory features of LAD-III. METHODS This study included the clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of twelve LAD-III patients. RESULTS The male/female ratio was 8/4. The parental consanguinity ratio was 100%. Half of the patients had a family history of patients with similar findings. The median age at presentation and diagnosis was 18 (1-60) days and 6 (1-20) months, respectively. The median leukocyte count on admission was 43,150 (30,900-75,700)/μL. The absolute eosinophil count was tested in 8/12 patients, and eosinophilia was found in 6/8 (75%). All patients had a history of sepsis. Other severe infections were pneumonia (66.6%), omphalitis (25%), osteomyelitis (16.6%), gingivitis/periodontitis (16%), chorioretinitis (8.3%), otitis media (8.3%), diarrhea (8.3%), and palpebral conjunctiva infection (8.3%). Four patients (33.3%) received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-matched-related donors, and one deceased after HSCT. At initial presentation, 4 (33.3%) patients were diagnosed with other hematologic disorders, three patients (P5, P7, and P8) with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), and one (P2) with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). CONCLUSION In LAD-III, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and bone marrow findings may mimic pathologies such as JMML and MDS. In addition to non-purulent infection susceptibility, patients with LAD-III exhibit Glanzmann-type bleeding disorder. In LAD-III, absent integrin activation due to kindlin-3 deficiency disrupts osteoclast actin cytoskeleton organization. This results in defective bone resorption and osteopetrosis-like radiological changes. These are distinctive features compared to other LAD types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Burcu Kahraman
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yaz
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Gocmen
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Aytac
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Metin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roos D, van Leeuwen K, Madkaikar M, Kambli PM, Gupta M, Mathews V, Rawat A, Kuhns DB, Holland SM, de Boer M, Kanegane H, Parvaneh N, Lorenz M, Schwarz K, Klein C, Sherkat R, Jafari M, Wolach B, den Dunnen JT, Kuijpers TW, Köker MY. Hematologically important mutations: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (second update). Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 99:102726. [PMID: 36696755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an immunodeficiency caused by defects in the adhesion of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) to the blood vessel wall. As a result, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing, accompanied by neutrophilia. In LAD-I, characterized directly after birth by delayed separation of the umbilical cord, mutations are found in ITGB2, the gene that encodes the β subunit (CD18) of the β2 integrins. In the rare LAD-II disease, the fucosylation of selectin ligands is disturbed, caused by mutations in SLC35C1, the gene that encodes a GDP-fucose transporter of the Golgi system. LAD-II patients lack the H and Lewis Lea and Leb blood group antigens. Finally, in LAD-III, the conformational activation of the hematopoietically expressed β integrins is disturbed, leading to leukocyte and platelet dysfunction. This last syndrome is caused by mutations in FERMT3, encoding the kindlin-3 protein in all blood cells, involved in the regulation of β integrin conformation. This article contains an update of the mutations that we consider to be relevant for the various forms of LAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Roos
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Karin van Leeuwen
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka M Kambli
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Maya Gupta
- Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology Lab CMR, National Institute of Immunohaematology, K E M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Mathews
- Dept of Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Chandigarh, India
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin de Boer
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hirokazu Kanegane
- Department of Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Myriam Lorenz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahbube Jafari
- Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Baruch Wolach
- Pediatric Immunology Service, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Johan T den Dunnen
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Yavuz Köker
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes Medical School, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matsumoto Y, Aryal RP, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Park SS, Wever WJ, Lehoux S, Stavenhagen K, van Wijk JAE, Van Die I, Chapman AB, Chaikof EL, Cummings RD. Identification and characterization of circulating immune complexes in IgA nephropathy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm8783. [PMID: 36306365 PMCID: PMC9616497 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm8783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The underlying pathology of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN), the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide, is driven by the deposition of immune complexes containing galactose-deficient IgA1 [Tn(+)IgA1] in the glomerular mesangium. Here, we report that novel anti-Tn circulating immune complexes (anti-Tn CICs) contain predominantly IgM, representing large macromolecular complexes of ~1.2 megadaltons to several megadalton sizes together with Tn(+)IgA1 and some IgG. These complexes are significantly elevated in sera of patients with IgAN, which contains higher levels of complement C3, compared to healthy individuals. Anti-Tn CICs are bioactive and induce specific proliferation of human renal mesangial cells. We found that these anti-Tn CICs can be dissociated with small glycomimetic compounds, which mimic the Tn antigen of Tn(+)IgA1, releasing IgA1 from anti-Tn CICs. This glycomimetic compound can also significantly inhibit the proliferative activity of anti-Tn CICs of patients with IgAN. These findings could enhance both the diagnosis of IgAN and its treatment, as specific drug treatments are now unavailable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajindra P. Aryal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon S. Park
- Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter J. Wever
- Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanna A. E. van Wijk
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Irma Van Die
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arlene B. Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elliot L. Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Skurska E, Szulc B, Maszczak-Seneczko D, Wiktor M, Wiertelak W, Makowiecka A, Olczak M. Incorporation of fucose into glycans independent of the GDP-fucose transporter SLC35C1 preferentially utilizes salvaged over de novo GDP-fucose. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102206. [PMID: 35772493 PMCID: PMC9304781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the SLC35C1 gene encoding the Golgi GDP-fucose transporter are known to cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency II. However, improvement of fucosylation in leukocyte adhesion deficiency II patients treated with exogenous fucose suggests the existence of an SLC35C1-independent route of GDP-fucose transport, which remains a mystery. To investigate this phenomenon, we developed and characterized a human cell–based model deficient in SLC35C1 activity. The resulting cells were cultured in the presence/absence of exogenous fucose and mannose, followed by examination of fucosylation potential and nucleotide sugar levels. We found that cells displayed low but detectable levels of fucosylation in the absence of SLC35C1. Strikingly, we show that defects in fucosylation were almost completely reversed upon treatment with millimolar concentrations of fucose. Furthermore, we show that even if fucose was supplemented at nanomolar concentrations, it was still incorporated into glycans by these knockout cells. We also found that the SLC35C1-independent transport preferentially utilized GDP-fucose from the salvage pathway over the de novo biogenesis pathway as a source of this substrate. Taken together, our results imply that the Golgi systems of GDP-fucose transport discriminate between substrate pools obtained from different metabolic pathways, which suggests a functional connection between nucleotide sugar transporters and nucleotide sugar synthases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Skurska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bożena Szulc
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Wiktor
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wiertelak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Mariusz Olczak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland, Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tahata S, Raymond K, Quade M, Barnes S, Boyer S, League S, Kumanovics A, Abraham R, Jacob E, Menon P, Morava E. Defining the mild variant of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (SLC35C1-congenital disorder of glycosylation) and response to l-fucose therapy: Insights from two new families and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2005-2018. [PMID: 35338746 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (LAD II, also known as SLC35C1-congenital disorder of glycosylation) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth and cognitive impairment, peripheral neutrophilia, recurrent infections, and the Bombay blood phenotype. A subset of patients with a milder presentation has been described with short stature and developmental delay but minimal immune and hematologic features. Some patients with LAD II benefit from oral fucose therapy, though this has not been previously studied in patients with milder disease. In this study, we describe two new patients from separate families with the milder variant of LAD II and review the published literature on this rare disorder. We demonstrate improvement in speech and cognition, CD15 expression, and core fucosylation of serum glycoproteins after 27 months of oral fucose supplementation in one patient. These patients further support the stratification of this disorder into distinct subtypes, a classical severe and an attenuated variant, and provide preliminary evidence of benefit of fucose therapy in the latter group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Tahata
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kimiyo Raymond
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marie Quade
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sara Barnes
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Suzanne Boyer
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stacy League
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Attila Kumanovics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Roshini Abraham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Eapen Jacob
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Prem Menon
- Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hüllen A, Falkenstein K, Weigel C, Huidekoper H, Naumann-Bartsch N, Spenger J, Feichtinger RG, Schaefers J, Frenz S, Kotlarz D, Momen T, Khoshnevisan R, Riedhammer KM, Santer R, Herget T, Rennings A, Lefeber DJ, Mayr JA, Thiel C, Wortmann SB. Congenital disorders of glycosylation with defective fucosylation. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:1441-1452. [PMID: 34389986 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylation is essential for intercellular and intracellular recognition, cell-cell interaction, fertilization, and inflammatory processes. Only five types of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) related to an impaired fucosylation have been described to date: FUT8-CDG, FCSK-CDG, POFUT1-CDG SLC35C1-CDG, and the only recently described GFUS-CDG. This review summarizes the clinical findings of all hitherto known 25 patients affected with those defects with regard to their pathophysiology and genotype. In addition, we describe five new patients with novel variants in the SLC35C1 gene. Furthermore, we discuss the efficacy of fucose therapy approaches within the different defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hüllen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department 1, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Falkenstein
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department 1, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corina Weigel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hidde Huidekoper
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nora Naumann-Bartsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Spenger
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - René G Feichtinger
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Schaefers
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Frenz
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Kotlarz
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tooba Momen
- Department of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Razieh Khoshnevisan
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Korbinian M Riedhammer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - René Santer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theresia Herget
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rennings
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Donders Center for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A Mayr
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Thiel
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department 1, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- University Children's Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fowler G, French DV, Rose A, Squires P, Aniceto da Silva C, Ohata S, Okamoto H, French CR. Protein fucosylation is required for Notch dependent vascular integrity in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2021; 480:62-68. [PMID: 34400136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The onset of circulation in a developing embryo requires intact blood vessels to prevent hemorrhage. The development of endothelial cells, and their subsequent recruitment of perivascular mural cells are important processes to establish and maintain vascular integrity. These processes are genetically controlled during development, and mutations that affect endothelial cell specification, pattern formation, or maturation through the addition of mural cells can result in early developmental hemorrhage. We created a strong loss of function allele of the zebrafish GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase (gmds) gene that is required for the de novo synthesis of GDP-fucose, and homozygous embryos display cerebral hemorrhages. Our data demonstrate that gmds mutants have early defects in vascular patterning with ectopic branches observed at time of hemorrhage. Subsequently, defects in the number of mural cells that line the vasculature are observed. Moreover, activation of Notch signaling rescued hemorrhage phenotypes in gmds mutants, highlighting a potential downstream pathway that requires protein fucosylation for vascular integrity. Finally, supplementation with fucose can rescue hemorrhage frequency in gmds mutants, demonstrating that synthesis of GDP-fucose via an alternative (salvage) pathway may provide an avenue toward therapeutic correction of phenotypes observed due to defects in de novo GDP-fucose synthesis. Together, these data are consistent with a novel role for the de novo and salvage protein fucosylation pathways in regulating vascular integrity through a Notch dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerissa Fowler
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Danielle V French
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - April Rose
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Paige Squires
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Catarina Aniceto da Silva
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Shinya Ohata
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Curtis R French
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lipiński P, Stępień KM, Ciara E, Tylki-Szymańska A, Jezela-Stanek A. Skeletal and Bone Mineral Density Features, Genetic Profile in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation: Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081438. [PMID: 34441372 PMCID: PMC8391432 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with impaired glycosylation of proteins and lipids. These conditions have multisystemic clinical manifestations, resulting in gradually progressive complications including skeletal involvement and reduced bone mineral density. Contrary to PMM2-CDG, all remaining CDG, including ALG12-CDG, ALG3-CDG, ALG9-CDG, ALG6-CDG, PGM3-CDG, CSGALNACT1-CDG, SLC35D1-CDG and TMEM-165, are characterized by well-defined skeletal dysplasia. In some of them, prenatal-onset severe skeletal dysplasia is observed associated with early death. Osteoporosis or osteopenia are frequently observed in all CDG types and are more pronounced in adults. Hormonal dysfunction, limited mobility and inadequate diet are common risk factors for reduced bone mineral density. Skeletal involvement in CDGs is underestimated and, thus, should always be carefully investigated and managed to prevent fractures and chronic pain. With the advent of new therapeutic developments for CDGs, the severity of skeletal complications may be reduced. This review focuses on possible mechanisms of skeletal manifestations, risk factors for osteoporosis, and bone markers in reported paediatric and adult CDG patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Lipiński
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina M. Stępień
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK;
| | - Elżbieta Ciara
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
"Oral Manifestations of Patients with Inherited Defect in Phagocyte Number or Function" a systematic review. Clin Immunol 2021; 229:108796. [PMID: 34271191 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inherited phagocyte defects are one of the subgroups of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) with various clinical manifestations. As oral manifestations are common at the early ages, oral practitioners can have a special role in the early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in this systematic review study and data of included studies were categorized into four subgroups of phagocyte defects, including congenital neutropenia, defects of motility, defects of respiratory burst, and other non-lymphoid defects. RESULTS Among all phagocyte defects, 12 disorders had reported data for oral manifestations in published articles. A total of 987 cases were included in this study. Periodontitis is one of the most common oral manifestations. CONCLUSION There is a need to organize better collaboration between medical doctors and dentists to diagnose and treat patients with phagocyte defects. Regular dental visits and professional oral health care are recommended from the time of the first primary teeth eruption in newborns.
Collapse
|
11
|
Teke Kisa P, Arslan N. Inborn errors of immunity and metabolic disorders: current understanding, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:277-294. [PMID: 33675210 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism consist of a heterogeneous group of disorders with various organ systems manifestations, and some metabolic diseases also cause immunological disorders or dysregulation. In this review, metabolic diseases that affect the immunological system and particularly lead to primary immune deficiency will be reviewed. In a patient with frequent infections and immunodeficiency, the presence of symptoms such as growth retardation, abnormal facial appearance, heart, skeletal, lung deformities, skin findings, arthritis, motor developmental retardation, seizure, deafness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, impairment of liver function tests, the presence of anemia, thrombocytopenia and eosinophilia in hematological examinations should suggest metabolic diseases for the underlying cause. In some patients, these phenotypic findings may appear before the immunodeficiency picture. Metabolic diseases leading to immunological disorders are likely to be rare but probably underdiagnosed. Therefore, the presence of recurrent infections or autoimmune findings in a patient with a suspected metabolic disease should suggest that immune deficiency may also accompany the picture, and diagnostic examinations in this regard should be deepened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Teke Kisa
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Arslan
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cooper N, Li YT, Möller A, Schulz-Weidner N, Sachs UJ, Wagner F, Hackstein H, Wienzek-Lischka S, Grüneberg M, Wild MK, Bein G, Marquardt T. Incidental diagnosis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II following ABO typing. Clin Immunol 2020; 221:108599. [PMID: 32992000 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with the Bombay phenotype (Oh) in the ABO blood group system do not express the H, A, and B antigens but have no clinical symptoms. Bombay phenotype with clinical symptoms has been described in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (LAD II), a fucosylation disorder caused by mutations in SLC35C1. Only few LAD II patients have been described so far. Here we describe an additional patient, a 22-year old male, born to unrelated parents, presenting with inflammatory skin disease, periodontitis, growth, and mental retardation, admitted to the department of dentistry for treatment under general anesthesia. Pre-operative routine investigations revealed the presence of the Bombay phenotype (Oh). Genomic sequencing identified two novel triplet deletions of the SLC35C1 gene. Functional investigations confirmed the diagnosis of LAD II. Therapy with oral fucose led to the disappearance of the chronic skin infections and improvements in behavior and attention span.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Cooper
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yu-Tung Li
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Anette Möller
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich J Sachs
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Franz Wagner
- Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sandra Wienzek-Lischka
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Martin K Wild
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Gregor Bein
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ondruskova N, Cechova A, Hansikova H, Honzik T, Jaeken J. Congenital disorders of glycosylation: Still "hot" in 2020. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129751. [PMID: 32991969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are inherited metabolic diseases caused by defects in the genes important for the process of protein and lipid glycosylation. With the ever growing number of the known subtypes and discoveries regarding the disease mechanisms and therapy development, it remains a very active field of study. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review brings an update on the CDG-related research since 2017, describing the novel gene defects, pathobiomechanisms, biomarkers and the patients' phenotypes. We also summarize the clinical guidelines for the most prevalent disorders and the current therapeutical options for the treatable CDG. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In the majority of the 23 new CDG, neurological involvement is associated with other organ disease. Increasingly, different aspects of cellular metabolism (e.g., autophagy) are found to be perturbed in multiple CDG. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This work highlights the recent trends in the CDG field and comprehensively overviews the up-to-date clinical recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ondruskova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Cechova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Honzik
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaak Jaeken
- Department of Paediatrics and Centre for Metabolic Diseases, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Knapp KM, Luu R, Baerenfaenger M, Zijlstra F, Wessels HJCT, Jenkins D, Lefeber DJ, Neas K, Bicknell LS. Biallelic variants in SLC35C1 as a cause of isolated short stature with intellectual disability. J Hum Genet 2020; 65:743-750. [PMID: 32313197 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Variants in SLC35C1 underlie leucocyte adhesion deficiency (LADII) or congenital disorder of glycosylation type 2c (CDGIIc), an autosomal recessive disorder of fucosylation. This immunodeficiency syndrome is generally characterized by severe recurrent infections, Bombay blood group, reduced growth and intellectual disability (ID). Features are all caused by an inability to generate key fucosylated molecules due to a defective transport of GDP-fucose into the Golgi. Here we report the use of exome sequencing to identify biallelic variants in SLC35C1 (c.501_503delCTT, p.(Phe168del) and c.891T > G, p.(Asn297Lys)) in an individual with short stature and ID. Retrospective clinical examination based on the genetic findings revealed increased otitis media as the only immunological feature present in this child. Biochemical analysis of patient serum identified a clear but mild decrease in protein fucosylation. Modelling all described missense mutations on a SLC35C1 protein model showed pathogenic substitutions localise to close to the dimer interface, providing insight into the possible pathophysiology of non-synonymous causative variants identified in patients. Our evidence confirms this is the second family presenting with only a subset of features and broadens the clinical presentation of this syndrome. Of note, both families segregated a common allele (p.Phe168del), suggesting there could be an associated genotype-phenotype relationship for specific variants. Based on two out of 14 reported families not presenting with the characteristic features of SLC35C1-CDG, we suggest there is clinical utility in considering this gene in patients with short stature and ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Knapp
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Luu
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Baerenfaenger
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Fokje Zijlstra
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hans J C T Wessels
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Danielle Jenkins
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Katherine Neas
- Genetic Health Services New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Louise S Bicknell
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Therapeutic approaches in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) involving N-linked glycosylation: an update. Genet Med 2020; 22:268-279. [PMID: 31534212 PMCID: PMC8720509 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous metabolic disorders. Over 150 CDG types have been described. Most CDG types are ultrarare disorders. CDG types affecting N-glycosylation are the most common type of CDG with emerging therapeutic possibilities. This review is an update on the available therapies for disorders affecting the N-linked glycosylation pathway. In the first part of the review, we highlight the clinical presentation, general principles of management, and disease-specific therapies for N-linked glycosylation CDG types, organized by organ system. The second part of the review focuses on the therapeutic strategies currently available and under development. We summarize the successful (pre-) clinical application of nutritional therapies, transplantation, activated sugars, gene therapy, and pharmacological chaperones and outline the anticipated expansion of the therapeutic possibilities in CDG. We aim to provide a comprehensive update on the treatable aspects of CDG types involving N-linked glycosylation, with particular emphasis on disease-specific treatment options for the involved organ systems; call for natural history studies; and present current and future therapeutic strategies for CDG.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Yang X, He X, Liu H, Guo P, Liu X, Xiao Y, Feng X, Wang Y, Li L. A novel mutation of the ITGB2 gene in a Chinese Zhuang minority patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Gene 2019; 715:144027. [PMID: 31374327 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the clinical and molecular characteristics of a Chinese Zhuang minority patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-1 (LAD-1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD). METHODS Routine clinical and physical examinations were performed, and patient data was collected and analyzed. Protein expression levels of Itgb2 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) proteins were assessed by flow cytometry and the glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) substrate method, respectively. Whole exome sequencing was performed to investigate genetic variations of the patient and his parents. RESULTS The patient had fester disease and delayed separation of the umbilical cord at birth. Staphylococcus was detected in the fluid secretion of the auditory meatus of the patient. He exhibited a recurrent cheek scab, swollen hand, and swollen gum. Hematological examination indicated dramatic elevation of leukocytes including lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. A novel homozygous mutation was detected in the ITGB2 gene of the patient, which was determined to be a two nucleotide deletion at the site of c.1537-1538 (c.1537-1538delGT), causing a frameshift of 24 amino acids from p.513 and inducing a stop codon (p.V513Lfs*24). A base substitution mutation was identified at c.1466 (c.1466G>T) of G6PD on chromosome X of the patient, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to leucine at p.489 (p.R489L). The patient also showed deficient lymphocyte expression of CD18 (2.99%) and significant downregulation of the G6pd protein. CONCLUSIONS The patient was diagnosed with G6PDD and moderate LAD-1. The combination of LAD-1 and G6PDD in this case may have been due to the high incidence of genetic disease in this minority ethnic population. Analyzing existing LAD-1 and G6PDD cases from different populations can facilitate disease diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, reporting pathogenic mutations of LAD-1 and G6PDD will be crucial for genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis in an effort to decrease the incidence of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaotao Yang
- Department of 2nd Infections, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Pin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Xingxing Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of 2nd Infections, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China.
| | - Li Li
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Children Infection and Immunity, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Yunnan Medical Center for Pediatric Diseases, Yunnan Institute of Pediatrics, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650228, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang M, Wang L, Zhang H, Cong J, Zhang L. Serum α-l-fucosidase activities are significantly increased in patients with preeclampsia. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:349-362. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
18
|
Yildirim M, Ayvaz DC, Konuskan B, Gocmen R, Tezcan I, Topcu M, Topaloglu H, Anlar B. Neurologic Involvement in Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders. J Child Neurol 2018; 33:320-328. [PMID: 29421957 DOI: 10.1177/0883073817754176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system may be affected in primary immune deficiency (PID) syndromes through infectious, autoimmune, neoplastic mechanisms, or as a primary feature of the syndrome. However certain neurologic problems do not conform to these etiopathogenetic groups. We retrospectively examined PID patients seen in neurology consultation between 2014 and 2017 in order to determine the spectrum of nervous system involvement. Among patients with confirmed neurologic problems (n = 35), common manifestations were encephalopathy and global developmental/cognitive delay. In 13 (37%) instances, the neurologic signs had no apparent relation with a treatment-related, infectious, or vascular complication and were considered as primary findings: acquired microcephaly, central nervous system malformation, or peripheral neuropathy. The diagnosis of PID was made after, and based on, the neurologic manifestation in 6 of 35 (17%) patients. Neurologic presentation may constitute the initial manifestation in some types of primary immune deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirac Yildirim
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cagdas Ayvaz
- 2 Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Konuskan
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Gocmen
- 3 Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- 2 Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Topcu
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haluk Topaloglu
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Anlar
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Clinical diagnostics and therapy monitoring in the congenital disorders of glycosylation. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:345-58. [PMID: 26739145 PMCID: PMC4891361 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal protein glycosylation is observed in many common disorders like cancer, inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. However, the actual use of this information in clinical diagnostics is still very limited. Information is usually derived from analysis of total serum N-glycan profiling methods, whereas the current use of glycoprotein biomarkers in the clinical setting is commonly based on protein levels. It can be envisioned that combining protein levels and their glycan isoforms would increase specificity for early diagnosis and therapy monitoring. To establish diagnostic assays, based on the mass spectrometric analysis of protein-specific glycosylation abnormalities, still many technical improvements have to be made. In addition, clinical validation is equally important as well as an understanding of the genetic and environmental factors that determine the protein-specific glycosylation abnormalities. Important lessons can be learned from the group of monogenic disorders in the glycosylation pathway, the Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG). Now that more and more genetic defects are being unraveled, we start to learn how genetic factors influence glycomics profiles of individual and total serum proteins. Although only in its initial stages, such studies suggest the importance to establish diagnostic assays for protein-specific glycosylation profiling, and the need to look beyond the single glycoprotein diagnostic test. Here, we review progress in and lessons from genetic disease, and review the increasing opportunities of mass spectrometry to analyze protein glycosylation in the clinical diagnostic setting. Furthermore, we will discuss the possibilities to expand current CDG diagnostics and how this can be used to approach glycoprotein biomarkers for more common diseases.
Collapse
|
20
|
Safety evaluation of the human-identical milk monosaccharide, l-fucose. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 72:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|