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Shahid S, Khan A, Shahid W, Rehan M, Asif R, Nisar H, Kanwal Q, Choi JR. Nanoenzymes: A Radiant Hope for the Early Diagnosis and Effective Treatment of Breast and Ovarian Cancers. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5813-5835. [PMID: 38895143 PMCID: PMC11184228 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s460712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast and ovarian cancers, despite having chemotherapy and surgical treatment, still have the lowest survival rate. Experimental stages using nanoenzymes/nanozymes for ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment are being carried out, and correspondingly the current treatment approaches to treat breast cancer have a lot of adverse side effects, which is the reason why researchers and scientists are looking for new strategies with less side effects. Nanoenzymes have intrinsic enzyme-like activities and can reduce the shortcomings of naturally occurring enzymes due to the ease of storage, high stability, less expensive, and enhanced efficiency. In this review, we have discussed various ways in which nanoenzymes are being used to diagnose and treat breast and ovarian cancer. For breast cancer, nanoenzymes and their multi-enzymatic properties can control the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells or tissues, for example, oxidase (OXD) and peroxidase (POD) activity can be used to generate ROS, while catalase (CAT) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity can scavenge ROS. In the case of ovarian cancer, most commonly nanoceria is being investigated, and also when folic acid is combined with nanoceria there are additional advantages like inhibition of beta galactosidase. Nanocarriers are also used to deliver small interfering RNA that are effective in cancer treatment. Studies have shown that iron oxide nanoparticles are actively being used for drug delivery, similarly ferritin carriers are used for the delivery of nanozymes. Hypoxia is a major factor in ovarian cancer, therefore MnO2-based nanozymes are being used as a therapy. For cancer diagnosis and screening, nanozymes are being used in sonodynamic cancer therapy for cancer diagnosis and screening, whereas biomedical imaging and folic acid gold particles are also being used for image guided treatments. Nanozyme biosensors have been developed to detect ovarian cancer. This review article summarizes a detailed insight into breast and ovarian cancers in light of nanozymes-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiah Shahid
- Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wajeehah Shahid
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehvesh Rehan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Roha Asif
- Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Nisar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qudsia Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jeong Ryeol Choi
- School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Kyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea
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Keles G, Sifa Ataman E, Taskin SB, Polatoglu İ, Kurbanoglu S. Nanostructured Metal Oxide-Based Electrochemical Biosensors in Medical Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:238. [PMID: 38785712 PMCID: PMC11117604 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructured metal oxides (NMOs) provide electrical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, reaction activity, and good adsorption strength. Furthermore, they serve as a conductive substrate for the immobilization of biomolecules, exhibiting notable biological activity. Capitalizing on these characteristics, they find utility in the development of various electrochemical biosensing devices, elevating the sensitivity and selectivity of such diagnostic platforms. In this review, different types of NMOs, including zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), nickel oxide (NiO), and copper oxide (CuO); their synthesis methods; and how they can be integrated into biosensors used for medical diagnosis are examined. It also includes a detailed table for the last 10 years covering the morphologies, analysis techniques, analytes, and analytical performances of electrochemical biosensors developed for medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsu Keles
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye;
| | - Elif Sifa Ataman
- Bioengineering Department, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Türkiye; (E.S.A.); (S.B.T.)
| | - Sueda Betul Taskin
- Bioengineering Department, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Türkiye; (E.S.A.); (S.B.T.)
| | - İlker Polatoglu
- Bioengineering Department, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Türkiye; (E.S.A.); (S.B.T.)
| | - Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye;
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Zhang B, Zhou R, Zhang H, Cai D, Lin X, Lang Y, Qiu Y, Shentu X, Ye Z, Yu X. A Smartphone Colorimetric Sensor Based on Pt@Au Nanozyme for Visual and Quantitative Detection of Omethoate. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182900. [PMID: 36141028 PMCID: PMC9498264 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A smartphone colorimetric sensor based on the Pt@Au nanozyme was successfully developed for the visual and quantitative detection of omethoate in fruit and vegetables. The anti-omethoate antibody was conjugated on the surface of the Pt@Au nanozyme as a catalytic functional signal probe, and coating antigen conjugated on the surface of magnetic polystyrene microspheres (MPMs) was used as a separation capture probe. In the sensing system, when the catalytic functional signal probe was combined with a separation capture probe containing no omethoate, the visible blue color appeared with the addition of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) chromogenic solution, and the maximum B value of the sensing system was obtained via the smartphone. With increasing concentrations of omethoate, the visualization of the sensing system decreased, and the B-value obtained via the smartphone dropped. Under optimal detection conditions, the omethoate could be detected in a linear range of 0.5–50 μg/L (R2 = 0.9965), with a detection limit of 0.01 μg/L. The accuracy and reliability of the detection results of this colorimetric sensor were successfully confirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gas chromatography. This colorimetric sensor provides a technical reference and potential strategy for the immunoassay of hazard factors in resource-scarce laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-2219-9129
| | - Ruofan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huiqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Danfeng Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yihan Lang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yulou Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xuping Shentu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Liang S, Wu XL, Zong MH, Lou WY. Construction of Zn-heptapeptide bionanozymes with intrinsic hydrolase-like activity for degradation of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 622:860-870. [PMID: 35561606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanozyme with intrinsic enzyme-like activity has emerged as favorite artificial catalyst during recent years. However, current nanozymes are mainly limited to inorganic-derived nanomaterials, while biomolecule-sourced nanozyme (bionanozyme) are rarely reported. Herein, inspired by the basic structure of natural hydrolase family, we constructed 3 oligopeptide-based bionanozymes with intrinsic hydrolase-like activity by implementing zinc induced self-assembly of histidine-rich heptapeptides. Under mild condition, divalent zinc (Zn2+) impelled the spontaneous assembly of short peptides (i.e. Ac-IHIHIQI-CONH2, Ac-IHIHIYI-CONH2, and Ac-IHVHLQI-CONH2), forming hydrolase-mimicking bionanozymes with β-sheet secondary conformation and nanofibrous architecture. As expected, the resultant bionanozymes were able to hydrolyze a serious of p-nitrophenyl esters, including not only the simple substrate with short side-chain (p-NPA), but also more complicated ones (p-NPB, p-NPH, p-NPO, and p-NPS). Moreover, the self-assembled Zn-heptapeptide bionanozymes were also proven to be capable of degrading di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a typical plasticizer, showing great potential for environmental remediation. Based on this study, we aim to provide theoretical references and exemplify a specific case for directing the construction and application of bionanozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wu
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Maddheshiya S, Nara S. Recent Trends in Composite Nanozymes and Their Pro-Oxidative Role in Therapeutics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:880214. [PMID: 35711631 PMCID: PMC9197165 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.880214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanozymes are inorganic nanostructures whose enzyme mimic activities are increasingly explored in disease treatment, taking inspiration from natural enzymes. The catalytic ability of nanozymes to generate reactive oxygen species can be used for designing effective antimicrobials and antitumor therapeutics. In this context, composite nanozymes are advantageous, particularly because they integrate the properties of various nanomaterials to offer a single multifunctional platform combining photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Hence, recent years have witnessed great progress in engineering composite nanozymes for enhanced pro-oxidative activity that can be utilized in therapeutics. Therefore, the present review traverses over the newer strategies to design composite nanozymes as pro-oxidative therapeutics. It provides recent trends in the use of composite nanozymes as antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antitumor agents. This review also analyzes various challenges yet to be overcome by pro-oxidative composite nanozymes before being used in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Maddheshiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Seema Nara
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
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Peroxidase-Like Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Loaded Filter Paper and its Potential Application for Sensing. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bifunctional nanozyme of copper organophyllosilicate for the ultrasensitive detection of hydroquinone. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:1039-1048. [PMID: 34676433 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanozymes for ultrasensitive detection of contaminate has resulted in considerable attention. Herein, a carboxyl- and aminopropyl-functionalized copper organophyllosilicate (Cu-CAP) was synthesized by a facile, one-pot sol-gel method. The bifunctional groups endow it with superior catalytic activity than that of natural enzyme. Besides, it possesses outstanding catalytic stability under harsh conditions such as high temperature, extremely high or low pH, and high salinity. Apart from laccase-mimetic activity, Cu-CAP also shows oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to the blue-colored TMBox in the presence of H2O2, which is similar to natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Interestingly, this colorimetric system was suppressed by hydroquinone (HQ) specifically. Inspired by this, Cu-CAP was used to develop a highly sensitive and selective colorimetric method for the determination of HQ. This assay displayed an extremely low detection limit of 23 nM and was applied for the detection of HQ in environmental water with high accuracy. This approach offers a new route for the rational design of high performance nanozymes for environmental and biosensing applications.
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