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Rathore N, Hanzelková V, Dostálek T, Semerád J, Schnablová R, Cajthaml T, Münzbergová Z. Species phylogeny, ecology, and root traits as predictors of root exudate composition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37421208 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Root traits including root exudates are key factors affecting plant interactions with soil and thus play an important role in determining ecosystem processes. The drivers of their variation, however, remain poorly understood. We determined the relative importance of phylogeny and species ecology in determining root traits and analyzed the extent to which root exudate composition can be predicted by other root traits. We measured different root morphological and biochemical traits (including exudate profiles) of 65 plant species grown in a controlled system. We tested phylogenetic conservatism in traits and disentangled the individual and overlapping effects of phylogeny and species ecology on traits. We also predicted root exudate composition using other root traits. Phylogenetic signal differed greatly among root traits, with the strongest signal in phenol content in plant tissues. Interspecific variation in root traits was partly explained by species ecology, but phylogeny was more important in most cases. Species exudate composition could be partly predicted by specific root length, root dry matter content, root biomass, and root diameter, but a large part of variation remained unexplained. In conclusion, root exudation cannot be easily predicted based on other root traits and more comparative data on root exudation are needed to understand their diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Rathore
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Hanzelková
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Dostálek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Renáta Schnablová
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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Pfeilsticker TR, Jones RC, Steane DA, Vaillancourt RE, Potts BM. Molecular insights into the dynamics of species invasion by hybridisation in Tasmanian eucalypts. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:2913-2929. [PMID: 36807951 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
In plants where seed dispersal is limited compared with pollen dispersal, hybridisation may enhance gene exchange and species dispersal. We provide genetic evidence of hybridisation contributing to the expansion of the rare Eucalyptus risdonii into the range of the widespread Eucalyptus amygdalina. These closely related tree species are morphologically distinct, and observations suggest that natural hybrids occur along their distribution boundaries and as isolated trees or in small patches within the range of E. amygdalina. Hybrid phenotypes occur outside the range of normal dispersal for E. risdonii seed, yet in some hybrid patches small individuals resembling E. risdonii occur and are hypothesised to be a result of backcrossing. Using 3362 genome-wide SNPs assessed from 97 individuals of E. risdonii and E. amygdalina and 171 hybrid trees, we show that (i) isolated hybrids match the genotypes expected of F1 /F2 hybrids, (ii) there is a continuum in the genetic composition among the isolated hybrid patches from patches dominated by F1 /F2 -like genotypes to those dominated by E. risdonii-backcross genotypes, and (iii) the E. risdonii-like phenotypes in the isolated hybrid patches are most-closely related to proximal larger hybrids. These results suggest that the E. risdonii phenotype has been resurrected in isolated hybrid patches established from pollen dispersal, providing the first steps in its invasion of suitable habitat by long-distance pollen dispersal and complete introgressive displacement of E. amygdalina. Such expansion accords with the population demographics, common garden performance data, and climate modelling which favours E. risdonii and highlights a role of interspecific hybridisation in climate change adaptation and species expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais R Pfeilsticker
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rebecca C Jones
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Steane
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - René E Vaillancourt
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Brad M Potts
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Xia M, Valverde‐Barrantes OJ, Suseela V, Blackwood CB, Tharayil N. Characterizing natural variability of lignin abundance and composition in fine roots across temperate trees: a comparison of analytical methods. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:2358-2373. [PMID: 36168143 PMCID: PMC9828118 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an important root chemical component that is widely used in biogeochemical models to predict root decomposition. Across ecological studies, lignin abundance has been characterized using both proximate and lignin-specific methods, without much understanding of their comparability. This uncertainty in estimating lignin limits our ability to comprehend the mechanisms regulating root decomposition and to integrate lignin data for large-scale syntheses. We compared five methods of estimating lignin abundance and composition in fine roots across 34 phylogenetically diverse tree species. We also assessed the feasibility of high-throughput techniques for fast-screening of root lignin. Although acid-insoluble fraction (AIF) has been used to infer root lignin and decomposition, AIF-defined lignin content was disconnected from the lignin abundance estimated by techniques that specifically measure lignin-derived monomers. While lignin-specific techniques indicated lignin contents of 2-10% (w/w) in roots, AIF-defined lignin contents were c. 5-10-fold higher, and their interspecific variation was found to be largely unrelated to that determined using lignin-specific techniques. High-throughput pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, when combined with quantitative modeling, accurately predicted lignin abundance and composition, highlighting its feasibility for quicker assessment of lignin in roots. We demonstrate that AIF should be interpreted separately from lignin in fine roots as its abundance is unrelated to that of lignin polymers. This study provides the basis for informed decision-making with respect to lignin methodology in ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Xia
- Department of Plant & Environmental SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA
| | - Oscar J. Valverde‐Barrantes
- International Center for Tropical Biodiversity, Institute of EnvironmentFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL33199USA
| | - Vidya Suseela
- Department of Plant & Environmental SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA
| | | | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Department of Plant & Environmental SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA
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Bulgarelli RG, Leite MFA, de Hollander M, Mazzafera P, Andrade SAL, Kuramae EE. Eucalypt species drive rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community assembly but soil phosphorus availability rearranges the microbiome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155667. [PMID: 35513142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil phosphorus (P) availability may limit plant growth and alter root-soil interactions and rhizosphere microbial community composition. The composition of the rhizosphere microbial community can also be shaped by plant genotype. In this study, we examined the rhizosphere microbial communities of young plants of 24 species of eucalypts (22 Eucalyptus and two Corymbia species) under low or sufficient soil P availability. The taxonomic diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities was assessed by 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The taxonomic modifications in response to low P availability were evaluated by principal component analysis, and co-inertia analysis was performed to identify associations between bacterial and fungal community structures and parameters related to plant growth and nutritional status under low and sufficient soil P availability. The sequencing results showed that while both soil P availability and eucalypt species influenced the microbial community assembly, eucalypt species was the stronger determinant. However, when the plants are subjected to low P-availability, the rhizosphere selection became strongest. In response to low P, the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of some species showed significant changes, whereas in others remained relatively constant under low and sufficient P. Co-inertia analyses revealed a significant co-dependence between plant nutrient contents and bacterial and fungal community composition only under sufficient P. By contrast, under low P, bacterial community composition was related to plant biomass production. In conclusion, our study shows that eucalypt species identity was the main factor modulating rhizosphere microbial community composition; significant shifts due to P availability were observed only for some eucalypt species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Bulgarelli
- University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - M F A Leite
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - M de Hollander
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - P Mazzafera
- University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil; University of São Paulo, School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz, Department of Crop Production, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - S A L Andrade
- University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - E E Kuramae
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, Department of Microbial Ecology, Wageningen, Netherlands; Utrecht University, Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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Pfeilsticker TR, Jones RC, Steane DA, Harrison PA, Vaillancourt RE, Potts BM. Expansion of the rare Eucalyptus risdonii under climate change through hybridization with a closely related species despite hybrid inferiority. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:1-14. [PMID: 34351372 PMCID: PMC8752398 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hybridization is increasingly recognized as an integral part of the dynamics of species range expansion and contraction. Thus, it is important to understand the reproductive barriers between co-occurring species. Extending previous studies that argued that the rare Eucalyptus risdonii was expanding into the range of the surrounding E. amygdalina by both seed and pollen dispersal, we here investigate the long-term fitness of both species and their hybrids and whether expansion is continuing. METHODS We assessed the survival of phenotypes representing a continuum between the two pure species in a natural hybrid swarm after 29 years, along with seedling recruitment. The performance of pure species as well as of artificial and natural hybrids was also assessed over 28 years in a common garden trial. KEY RESULTS In the hybrid zone, E. amygdalina adults showed greater mortality than E. risdonii, and the current seedling cohort is still dominated by E. risdonii phenotypes. Morphologically intermediate individuals appeared to be the least fit. Similar results were observed after growing artificial first-generation and natural hybrids alongside pure species families in a common garden trial. Here, the survival, reproduction, health and growth of the intermediate hybrids were significantly less than those of either pure species, consistent with hybrid inferiority, although this did not manifest until later reproductive ages. Among the variable progeny of natural intermediate hybrids, the most E. risdonii-like phenotypes were the most fit. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the increasing number of reports of hybrid inferiority in Eucalyptus, suggesting that post-zygotic barriers contribute to the maintenance of species integrity even between closely related species. However, with fitness rapidly recovered following backcrossing, it is argued that hybridization can still be an important evolutionary process, in the present case appearing to contribute to the range expansion of the rare E. risdonii in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Pfeilsticker
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - R C Jones
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - D A Steane
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - P A Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - R E Vaillancourt
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - B M Potts
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Zhang Y, Deng T, Sun L, Landis JB, Moore MJ, Wang H, Wang Y, Hao X, Chen J, Li S, Xu M, Puno PT, Raven PH, Sun H. Phylogenetic patterns suggest frequent multiple origins of secondary metabolites across the seed-plant 'tree of life'. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwaa105. [PMID: 34691607 PMCID: PMC8288438 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the phylogenetic patterns of the distribution and evolution of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), we selected 8 classes of PSMs and mapped them onto an updated phylogenetic tree including 437 families of seed plants. A significant phylogenetic signal was detected in 17 of the 18 tested seed-plant clades for at least 1 of the 8 PSM classes using the D statistic. The phylogenetic signal, nevertheless, indicated weak clustering of PSMs compared to a random distribution across all seed plants. The observed signal suggests strong diversifying selection during seed-plant evolution and/or relatively weak evolutionary constraints on the evolution of PSMs. In the survey of the current phylogenetic distributions of PSMs, we found that multiple origins of PSM biosynthesis due to external selective forces for diverse genetic pathways may have played important roles. In contrast, a single origin of PSMs seems rather uncommon. The distribution patterns for PSMs observed in this study may also be useful in the search for natural compounds for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jacob B Landis
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael J Moore
- Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Hengchang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shenghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Maonian Xu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pema-Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | | | - Hang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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Data on Herbivore Performance and Plant Herbivore Damage Identify the Same Plant Traits as the Key Drivers of Plant-Herbivore Interaction. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11120865. [PMID: 33291794 PMCID: PMC7762045 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant-herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We determined the effect of a free-living leaf-chewing generalist caterpillar, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on leaf damage of 24 closely related plant species from the Carduoideae subfamily and the effect of these plant species on caterpillar growth. We used a wide range of physical defense leaf traits and leaf nutrient contents as the plant traits. Herbivore performance and leaf damage were affected by similar plant traits. Traits related to higher caterpillar mortality (higher leaf dissection, number, length and toughness of spines and lower trichome density) also led to higher leaf damage. This fits with the fact that each caterpillar was feeding on a single plant and, thus, had to consume more biomass of the less suitable plants to obtain the same amount of nutrients. The key plant traits driving plant-herbivore interactions identified based on data on herbivore performance largely corresponded to the traits identified as important based on data on leaf damage. This suggests that both types of data may be used to identify the key plant traits determining plant-herbivore interactions. It is, however, important to carefully distinguish whether the data on leaf damage were obtained in the field or in a controlled feeding experiment, as the patterns expected in the two environments may go in opposite directions.
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Koorem K, Snoek BL, Bloem J, Geisen S, Kostenko O, Manrubia M, Ramirez KS, Weser C, Wilschut RA, van der Putten WH. Community-level interactions between plants and soil biota during range expansion. THE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2020; 108:1860-1873. [PMID: 32999508 PMCID: PMC7508040 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant species that expand their range in response to current climate change will encounter soil communities that may hinder, allow or even facilitate plant performance. It has been shown repeatedly for plant species originating from other continents that these plants are less hampered by soil communities from the new than from the original range. However, information about the interactions between intra-continental range expanders and soil communities is sparse, especially at community level.Here we used a plant-soil feedback experiment approach to examine if the interactions between range expanders and soil communities change during range expansion. We grew communities of range-expanding and native plant species with soil communities originating from the original and new range of range expanders. In these conditioned soils, we determined the composition of fungi and bacteria by high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the ITS region and the 16S rRNA gene respectively. Nematode community composition was determined by microscopy-based morphological identification. Then we tested how these soil communities influence the growth of subsequent communities of range expanders and natives.We found that after the conditioning phase soil bacterial, fungal and nematode communities differed by origin and by conditioning plant communities. Despite differences in bacterial, fungal and nematode communities between original and new range, soil origin did not influence the biomass production of plant communities. Both native and range expanding plant communities produced most above-ground biomass in soils that were conditioned by plant communities distantly related to them. Synthesis. Communities of range-expanding plant species shape specific soil communities in both original and new range soil. Plant-soil interactions of range expanders in communities can be similar to the ones of their closely related native plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadri Koorem
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Department of Botany Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Basten L Snoek
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Bloem
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Department of Plant Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Olga Kostenko
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Marta Manrubia
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Carolin Weser
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Rutger A Wilschut
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Ecology, Department of Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
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Wilschut RA, van der Putten WH, Garbeva P, Harkes P, Konings W, Kulkarni P, Martens H, Geisen S. Root traits and belowground herbivores relate to plant-soil feedback variation among congeners. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1564. [PMID: 30952863 PMCID: PMC6450911 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant–soil feedbacks contribute to vegetation dynamics by species-specific interactions between plants and soil biota. Variation in plant–soil feedbacks can be predicted by root traits, successional position, and plant nativeness. However, it is unknown whether closely related plant species develop more similar plant–soil feedbacks than more distantly related species. Where previous comparisons included plant species from distant phylogenetic positions, we studied plant–soil feedbacks of congeneric species. Using eight intra-continentally range-expanding and native Geranium species, we tested relations between phylogenetic distances, chemical and structural root traits, root microbiomes, and plant–soil feedbacks. We show that root chemistry and specific root length better predict bacterial and fungal community composition than phylogenetic distance. Negative plant–soil feedback strength correlates with root-feeding nematode numbers, whereas microbiome dissimilarity, nativeness, or phylogeny does not predict plant–soil feedbacks. We conclude that root microbiome variation among congeners is best explained by root traits, and that root-feeding nematode abundances predict plant–soil feedbacks. Most studies of plant–soil feedbacks and associated traits look at remotely-related species. Here the authors look at congeners, and show that nematode-driven plant–soil feedbacks depend on root chemical and morphological traits, independent of phylogenetic distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A Wilschut
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Harkes
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Konings
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Purva Kulkarni
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Martens
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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10
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dos Santos BM, Zibrandtsen JFS, Gunbilig D, Sørensen M, Cozzi F, Boughton BA, Heskes AM, Neilson EHJ. Quantification and Localization of Formylated Phloroglucinol Compounds (FPCs) in Eucalyptus Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:186. [PMID: 30863416 PMCID: PMC6399404 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Eucalyptus genus is a hyper-diverse group of long-lived trees from the Myrtaceae family, consisting of more than 700 species. Eucalyptus are widely distributed across their native Australian landscape and are the most widely planted hardwood forest trees in the world. The ecological and economic success of Eucalyptus trees is due, in part, to their ability to produce a plethora of specialized metabolites, which moderate abiotic and biotic interactions. Formylated phloroglucinol compounds (FPCs) are an important class of specialized metabolites in the Myrtaceae family, particularly abundant in Eucalyptus. FPCs are mono- to tetra-formylated phloroglucinol based derivatives, often with an attached terpene moiety. These compounds provide chemical defense against herbivory and display various bioactivities of pharmaceutical relevance. Despite their ecological and economic importance, and continued improvements into analytical techniques, FPCs have proved challenging to study. Here we present a simple and reliable method for FPCs extraction, identification and quantification by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The method was applied to leaf, flower bud, and flower samples of nine different eucalypt species, using a small amount of plant material. Authentic analytical standards were used to provide high resolution mass spectra and fragmentation patterns. A robust method provides opportunities for future investigations into the identification and quantification of FPCs in complex biological samples with high confidence. Furthermore, we present for the first time the tissue-based localization of FPCs in stem, leaf, and flower bud of Eucalyptus species measured by mass spectrometry imaging, providing important information for biosynthetic pathway discovery studies and for understanding the role of those compounds in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Marques dos Santos
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juliane F. S. Zibrandtsen
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Disan Gunbilig
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Federico Cozzi
- Section for Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Berin A. Boughton
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Allison Maree Heskes
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Synthetic Biology ‘bioSYNergy’, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elizabeth Heather Jakobsen Neilson
- Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Synthetic Biology ‘bioSYNergy’, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Elizabeth Heather Jakobsen Neilson
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11
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Kulkarni P, Wilschut RA, Verhoeven KJF, van der Putten WH, Garbeva P. LAESI mass spectrometry imaging as a tool to differentiate the root metabolome of native and range-expanding plant species. PLANTA 2018; 248:1515-1523. [PMID: 30140978 PMCID: PMC6244666 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2989-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
LAESI-MSI, an innovative high-throughput technique holds a unique potential for untargeted detection, profiling and spatial localization of metabolites from intact plant samples without need for extraction or extensive sample preparation. Our understanding of chemical diversity in biological samples has greatly improved through recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS). MS-based-imaging (MSI) techniques have further enhanced this by providing spatial information on the distribution of metabolites and their relative abundance. This study aims to employ laser-ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI) MSI as a tool to profile and compare the root metabolome of two pairs of native and range-expanding plant species. It has been proposed that successful range-expanding plant species, like introduced exotic invaders, have a novel, or a more diverse secondary chemistry. Although some tests have been made using aboveground plant materials, tests using root materials are rare. We tested the hypothesis that range-expanding plants possess more diverse root chemistries than native plant species. To examine the root chemistry of the selected plant species, LAESI-MSI was performed in positive ion mode and data were acquired in a mass range of m/z 50-1200 with a spatial resolution of 100 µm. The acquired data were analyzed using in-house scripts, and differences in the spatial profiles were studied for discriminatory mass features. The results revealed clear differences in the metabolite profiles amongst and within both pairs of congeneric plant species, in the form of distinct metabolic fingerprints. The use of ambient conditions and the fact that no sample preparation was required, established LAESI-MSI as an ideal technique for untargeted metabolomics and for direct correlation of the acquired data to the underlying metabolomic complexity present in intact plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Kulkarni
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rutger A Wilschut
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen J F Verhoeven
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 8123, 6700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Senior JK, Potts BM, O'Reilly‐Wapstra JM, Bissett A, Wooliver RC, Bailey JK, Glen M, Schweitzer JA. Phylogenetic trait conservatism predicts patterns of plant‐soil feedback. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John K. Senior
- School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart TAS 7001Australia
- Institutionen för vilt fisk och miljö Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet 901 83 Umeå Sweden
| | - Brad M. Potts
- School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart TAS 7001Australia
| | | | - Andrew Bissett
- Oceans and Atmosphere Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation HobartTAS 7001 Australia
| | - Rachel C. Wooliver
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA
| | - Joseph K. Bailey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA
| | - Morag Glen
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania Private Bag 54 HobartTAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Schweitzer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA
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13
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Breed MF, Harrison PA, Bischoff A, Durruty P, Gellie NJC, Gonzales EK, Havens K, Karmann M, Kilkenny FF, Krauss SL, Lowe AJ, Marques P, Nevill PG, Vitt PL, Bucharova A. Priority Actions to Improve Provenance Decision-Making. Bioscience 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biy050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Breed
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute at the University of Adelaide, in Australia
| | - Peter A Harrison
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- School of Natural Sciences and the ARC Centre for Forest Values at the University of Tasmania, in Australia
| | - Armin Bischoff
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- University of Avignon, in France
| | - Paula Durruty
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Instituto Forestal Nacional (INFONA), in San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Nick J C Gellie
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute at the University of Adelaide, in Australia
| | - Emily K Gonzales
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Ecological Restoration Division at Parks Canada, in Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Kayri Havens
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- School of Natural Sciences and the ARC Centre for Forest Values at the University of Tasmania, in Australia
| | - Marion Karmann
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Forest Stewardship Council, in Bonn, Germany
| | - Francis F Kilkenny
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, in Boise, Idaho
| | - Siegfried L Krauss
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden, in West Perth, Western Australia
| | - Andrew J Lowe
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute at the University of Adelaide, in Australia
| | - Pedro Marques
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Big Hole Watershed Committee, in Divide, Montana
| | - Paul G Nevill
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Department of Environment and Agriculture at Curtin University, in Australia
| | - Pati L Vitt
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Chicago Botanic Garden, in Glencoe, Illinois
| | - Anna Bucharova
- All the authors have an interest in the science and practice of seed sourcing and provenance decision-making for restoration
- Department of Plant Evolutionary Ecology at Karl Eberhard University and with the Department of Landscape Ecology and Nature Conservation at Albert Ludwigs University, in Freiburg, Germany
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