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Dong Y, Chen D, Zhou S, Mao Z, Fan J. Identification of Attractants from Three Host Plants and How to Improve Attractiveness of Plant Volatiles for Monochamus saltuarius. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1732. [PMID: 38999572 PMCID: PMC11243586 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
As a new vector insect of pine wood nematodes in China, the Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) vectors pine wilt nematodes into healthy pine trees through feeding and oviposition, resulting in huge economic losses to forestry. A promising control strategy is to develop safe and efficient attractants. This study aims to screen for the key active volatiles of Pinus koraiensis (Pinales: Pinaceae), Pinus tabuliformis (Pinales: Pinaceae), and Picea asperata (Pinales: Pinaceae) that can attract M. saltuarius, and to study the synergistic attraction of the main attractant plant volatiles with ethanol and insect aggregation pheromones. The preference of M. saltuarius for three hosts is P. koraiensis > P. tabuliformis > Picea asperata. We detected 18 organic volatiles from three host plants. Through EAG assays and indoor Y-tube behavioral experiments, 3-carene, (-)-camphor, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, terpinolene, α-pinene, D-limonene, and myrcene were screened to have attractive effects on M. saltuarius. We found that 3-carene, β-pinene, and α-pinene are the most attractive kairomones in field experiments, which may play a crucial role in the host localization of M. saltuarius. Ethanol has a synergistic effect on the attractant activity of 3-carene and β-pinene, and the synergistic effect on β-pinene is the best. The mixture of ethanol, 2-undecyloxy-1-ethanol, and ipsdienol can significantly enhance the attraction effect of β-pinene on M. saltuarius. These new findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of attractants for adult M. saltuarius and contribute to the green control of M. saltuarius.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianting Fan
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Preparation of Biopesticide, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China; (Y.D.); (D.C.); (S.Z.); (Z.M.)
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2
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Cheng X, Wen Q, Li Y, Wang S, Fan G, Ma Z, Guo Y, Li X, Zhang H. Exploration of D-limonene as a sex pheromone for males of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1868-1876. [PMID: 38041609 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bactrocera minax is a devastating pest of citrus fruits. However, there have been no effective control measures before. Few reports on the sex pheromones of B. minax are available. RESULTS In this study, nine of the volatile compounds in adult females were identified using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Among them, d-limonene, caprolactam, 2-Nitro-1H-imidazole, and creatinine could evoke antennal responses in males. Field bioassays showed that only d-limonene could lure male flies, with a relative lure rate of 78.18% in all tested samples, which was significantly higher than that of paraffin oil control, while all volatile compounds did not have any lure effective to female flies. Moreover, d-limonene was diluted with paraffin oil into differential concentrations, the lure effect on males was better at 100, 500, and 800 μL d-limonene mL-1 than pure d-limonene (1000 μL mL-1 ). The relative male lure rate of d-limonene at 100 μL mL-1 was 85.88%, which was significantly higher than that of food-baits (14.12%) on day 3. However, d-limonene was unattractive to female and male Bactrocera dorsalis and Zeugodacus tau. Further kinetic analysis showed that female adults released d-limonene around 15-day post eclosion. Electroantennography 1 results showed that 500 μL mL-1 d-limonene evoked the strongest responses to antennae of 10- to 25-day-old male flies. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that d-limonene could be a sex pheromone from female flies of B. minax, and it could be used as a male-specific sex attractant for B. minax. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunna Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaocheng Ma
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuancheng Guo
- Danjiangkou Citrus Experimental Station, Danjiangkou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Wang Y, Dong H, Qu Y, Zhou Y, Qin J, Li K, Luo C, Ren B, Cao Y, Zhang S, Yin J, Leal WS. Circabidian rhythm of sex pheromone reception in a scarab beetle. Curr Biol 2024; 34:568-578.e5. [PMID: 38242123 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Animals have endogenous clocks that regulate their behavior and physiology. These clocks rely on environmental cues (time givers) that appear approximately every 24 h due to the Earth's rotation; thus, most insects exhibit a circadian rhythm. One notable exception is the scarab beetle, Holotrichia parallela, a severe agricultural pest in China, Japan, South Korea, and India. Females emerge from the soil every other night, reach the canopy of host plants, evert an abdominal gland, and release a pheromone bouquet comprising l-isoleucine methyl ester (LIME) and l-linalool. To determine whether this circa'bi'dian rhythm affects the olfactory system, we aimed to identify H. parallela sex pheromone receptor(s) and study their expression patterns. We cloned 14 odorant receptors (ORs) and attempted de-orphanizing them in the Xenopus oocyte recording system. HparOR14 gave robust responses to LIME and smaller responses to l-linalool. Structural modeling, tissue expression profile, and RNAi treatment followed by physiological and behavioral studies support that HparOR14 is a sex pheromone receptor-the first of its kind discovered in Coleoptera. Examination of the HparOR14 transcript levels throughout the adult's life showed that on sexually active days, gene expression was significantly higher in the scotophase than in the photophase. Additionally, the HparOR14 expression profile showed a circabidian rhythm synchronized with the previously identified pattern of sex pheromone emission. 48 h of electroantennogram recordings showed that responses to LIME were abolished on non-calling nights. In contrast, responses to the green leaf volatile (Z)-3-henexyl acetate remained almost constant throughout the recording period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yafei Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jianhui Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kebin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Bingzhong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yazhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Walter S Leal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Qian Q, Cui J, Miao Y, Xu X, Gao H, Xu H, Lu Z, Zhu P. The Plant Volatile-Sensing Mechanism of Insects and Its Utilization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:185. [PMID: 38256738 PMCID: PMC10819770 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Plants and insects are engaged in a tight relationship, with phytophagous insects often utilizing volatile organic substances released by host plants to find food and egg-laying sites. Using plant volatiles as attractants for integrated pest management is vital due to its high efficacy and low environmental toxicity. Using naturally occurring plant volatiles combined with insect olfactory mechanisms to select volatile molecules for screening has proved an effective method for developing plant volatile-based attractant technologies. However, the widespread adoption of this technique is still limited by the lack of a complete understanding of molecular insect olfactory pathways. This paper first describes the nature of plant volatiles and the mechanisms of plant volatile perception by insects. Then, the attraction mechanism of plant volatiles to insects is introduced with the example of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Next, the progress of the development and utilization of plant volatiles to manage pests is presented. Finally, the functions played by the olfactory system of insects in recognizing plant volatiles and the application prospects of utilizing volatiles for green pest control are discussed. Understanding the sensing mechanism of insects to plant volatiles and its utilization will be critical for pest management in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiarong Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Jinhua Agricultural Technology Extension and Seed Administration Center, Jinhua 321017, China;
| | - Huiying Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Pingyang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Q.Q.); (J.C.); (Y.M.); (H.G.); (Z.L.)
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Liu JN, Xi JH, Wang Z, Zhao SW, Wang X, Bu YW, Zhou KX, Pan Y, Wang S. Glutathione S-Transferase Highly Expressed in Holotrichia parallela Antennae Inactivates the Odorant Unsaturated Aldehyde Volatiles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37256838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Odorant-degrading enzymes in insects play a vital role in maintaining olfactory sensitivity. However, the role and molecular mechanism of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in odorant inactivation has been rarely studied. In the present study, 31 GSTs were identified from the antennal transcriptome of Holotrichia parallela. HpGSTd1 possesses the highest transcriptome expression level. Recombinant HpGSTd1 showed degradation activity toward various unsaturated aldehyde volatiles. Furthermore, the metabolite of cinnamaldehyde was identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The molecular docking analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed the key residues of HpGSTd1 in degrading odorants. In addition, the unsaturated aldehyde volatiles elicited the behavioral and electrophysiological responses of H. parallela. Taken together, our findings suggest that HpGSTd1 may play an essential role in inactivating odorants in H. parallela, which provides new insights for identifying molecular targets and exploring effective olfactory regulators for this underground pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Nan Liu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Hui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhun Wang
- Changchun Customs Technology Center, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wen Zhao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Wei Bu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhou
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
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Li ET, Wu HJ, Wang ZM, Li KB, Zhang S, Cao YZ, Yin J. PI3K/Akt/CncC signaling pathway mediates the response to EPN-Bt infection in Holotrichia parallela larvae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1660-1673. [PMID: 36565065 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining the entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF strain, and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) HBF-18 strain is a practical strategy to manage the larvae of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (white grubs). However, the mechanisms underlying the larval defense response to this combined biocontrol strategy are unknown. RESULTS The activities of some antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and some detoxifying enzymes (AChE, P-450, CarE, GST) in grubs showed an activation-inhibition trend throughout the EPN-Bt exposure time course. Eight potentially key antioxidant and detoxifying enzyme genes in response to EPN-Bt infection were identified from the midgut of grubs through RNA sequencing. After silencing CAT, CarE18, and GSTs1, the enzyme activities were significantly decreased by 30.29%, 68.80%, and 34.63%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mortality of grubs was increased by 18.40%, 46.30%, and 42.59% after exposure to EPN-Bt for 1 day. Interestingly, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was significantly enriched in KEGG enrichment analysis, and the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), cap 'n' collar isoform-C (CncC), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and CarE18 were all up-regulated when exposed to EPN-Bt for 1 day. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated PI3K silencing showed a similar down-regulated trend between PI3K/Akt/CncC and CarE18. Moreover, silencing PI3K rendered grubs more susceptible to EPN-Bt and accelerated symbiotic bacteria multiplication in grubs. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the PI3K/Akt/CncC pathway mediates the expression of CarE18 and participates in the defense response of H. parallela larvae against EPN-Bt infection. Our data provide valuable insights into the design of appropriate management strategies for this well-known agricultural pest. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Jia Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Zhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Plasticity in Chemical Host Plant Recognition in Herbivorous Insects and Its Implication for Pest Control. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121842. [PMID: 36552352 PMCID: PMC9775997 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemical communication is very important in herbivorous insects, with many species being important agricultural pests. They often use olfactory cues to find their host plants at a distance and evaluate their suitability upon contact with non-volatile cues. Responses to such cues are modulated through interactions between various stimuli of biotic and abiotic origin. In addition, the response to the same stimulus can vary as a function of, for example, previous experience, age, mating state, sex, and morph. Here we summarize recent advances in the understanding of plant localization and recognition in herbivorous insects with a focus on the interplay between long- and short-range signals in a complex environment. We then describe recent findings illustrating different types of plasticity in insect plant choice behavior and the underlying neuronal mechanisms at different levels of the chemosensory pathway. In the context of strong efforts to replace synthetic insecticides with alternative pest control methods, understanding combined effects between long- and close-range chemical cues in herbivore-plant interactions and their complex environment in host choice are crucial to develop effective plant protection methods. Furthermore, plasticity of behavioral and neuronal responses to chemical cues needs to be taken into account to develop effective sustainable pest insect control through behavioral manipulation.
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Yan J, Zhang M, Ali A, Du X, Mei X, Gao Y. Optimization and field evaluation of sex-pheromone of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3903-3911. [PMID: 34792271 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella is a key pest of potato and tobacco in China. We compared the sex pheromone titers released by P. operculella female, and the electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male antennae to pheromone compounds under laboratory conditions. Then, the optimal sex pheromone ratio was screened in the field. RESULTS The P. operculella sex pheromone feeding on potato or tobacco was extracted by solvent-extraction method. Main sex pheromone compounds including E4, Z7-13: AC (PTM1) and E4, Z7, Z10-13: AC (PTM2) were found in gland. The titer and relative ratio of P. operculella sex pheromone compounds secreted by female adult moths differ between host populations, while the relative EAG responses trend of P. operculella males to the pheromone components were the same when directly stimulated. In field trials, PTM1:PTM2 = 8:1-4:1 and PTM1:PTM2 = 1:4-1:7 was the most attractive ratio to P. operculella males in tobacco and potato fields, respectively. During 2019-2020, after 8 weeks of mass trapping for each year, the sex pheromone could reduce the population of P. operculella in the potato and tobacco fields. CONCLUSIONS In this study, fixed property and quantity analyzing methods were adopted to compare sex pheromones from feeding on potato versus tobacco. EAG tests then were carried out on P. operculella males. Finally, we optimized the ratio of two sex pheromone compounds in potato and examined how this influenced field trapping. By further improving the parameters of sex pheromone application in the field, we demonstrate that deployment of sex pheromones can provide effective control of P. operculella. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Du
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yang HH, Xu JW, Zhang XQ, Huang JR, Li LL, Yao WC, Zhao PP, Zhang D, Liu JY, Dewer Y, Zhu XY, Li XM, Zhang YN. AlepPBP2, but not AlepPBP3, may involve in the recognition of sex pheromones and maize volatiles in Athetis lepigone. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:536-545. [PMID: 35199636 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Athetis lepigone Möschler (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) is a common maize pest in Europe and Asia. However, there is no long-term effective management strategy is available yet to suppress its population. Adults rely heavily on olfactory cues to locate their optimal host plants and oviposition sites. Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) are believed to be responsible for recognizing and transporting different odorant molecules to interact with receptor membrane proteins. In this study, the ligand-binding specificities of two AlepPBPs (AlepPBP2 and AlepPBP3) for sex pheromone components and host plant (maize) volatiles were measured by fluorescence ligand-binding assay. The results demonstrated that AlepPBP2 had a high affinity with two pheromones [(Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, Ki = 1.11 ± 0.1 μM, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, Ki = 1.32 ± 0.15 μM] and ten plant volatiles, including (-)-limonene, α-pinene, myrcene, linalool, benzaldehyde, nonanal, 2-hexanone, 3-hexanone, 2-heptanone and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one. In contrast, we found that none of these chemicals could bind to AlepPBP3. Our results clearly show no significant differences in the functional characterization of the binding properties between AlepPBP2 and AlepPBP3 to sex pheromones and host plant volatiles. Furthermore, molecular docking was employed for further detail on some crucial amino acid residues involved in the ligand-binding of AlepPBP2. These findings will provide valuable information about the potential protein binding sites necessary for protein-ligand interactions which appear as attractive targets for the development of novel technologies and management strategies for insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Ji-Wei Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Rong Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, MOA's Regional Key Lab of Crop IPM in Southern Part of Northern China, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu-Lu Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Wei-Chen Yao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Jia-Yi Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
- College of Information, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Phytotoxicity Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, 7 Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt
| | - Xiu-Yun Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
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Abnormal Antennal Olfactory Sensilla Phenotypes Involved in Olfactory Deficit in Bactrocera correcta (Diptera: Tephritidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060535. [PMID: 35735871 PMCID: PMC9224687 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Tephritidae fruit flies sense odorants mainly through antennal olfactory sensilla with nanopores. Therefore, theoretically, the development of nanopore-targeted pest control technologies is an important direction in the future. Here, we report naturally occurring abnormal antennal trichoid and basiconic olfactory sensilla phenotypes consisting of abnormal bulges and reduced nanopore numbers in a long-term laboratory rearing colony of the guava fruit fly Bactrocera correcta, and further find that the reduction of nanopore numbers in these sensilla led to an olfactory deficit. Our findings provide a basis for developing nanopore-targeted pest control technologies in the future. Abstract The guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta, is one of the most destructive pests in the genus Bactrocera and detects environmental odorants mainly through antennal olfactory sensilla phenotypes with nanopores. However, it is unclear whether there are naturally occurring abnormal antennal olfactory sensilla phenotypes that affect olfaction. Here, we found that there were abnormal bulges besides nanopores on the surface of trichoid and basiconic olfactory sensilla in the antennal flagellum of long-term laboratory rearing colony (LTC), and that nanopore number in these olfactory sensilla was also remarkably reduced. Notably, the electroantennogram (EAG) responses of LTC insects to methyl eugenol or β-caryophyllene were inhibited, and their behavioral responses elicited by the same odorants were also impaired. These results revealed naturally occurring abnormal antennal olfactory sensilla phenotypes which were involved in olfactory deficit in B. correcta, providing a platform to further study nanopore-targeted pest control technologies in the future.
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11
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Liu D, Zhang X, Chiqin F, Nyamwasa I, Cao Y, Yin J, Zhang S, Feng H, Li K. Octopamine modulates insect mating and Oviposition. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:628-640. [PMID: 35687218 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The neuro-mechanisms that regulate insect reproduction are not fully understood. Biogenic amines, including octopamine, are neuromodulators that have been shown to modulate insect reproduction in various ways, e.g., promote or inhibit insect mating or oviposition. In this study, we examined the role of octopamine in regulating the reproduction behaviors of a devastating underground insect pest, the dark black chafer (Holotrichia parallela). We first measured the abundance of octopamine in different neural tissues of the adult chafer pre- and post-mating, demonstrating that octopamine decreased in the abdominal ganglia of females but increased in males post-mating. We then fed the adult H. parallela with a concentration gradient of octopamine to test the effects on insect reproductive behaviors. Compared with its antagonist mianserin, octopamine at the concentration of 2 µg/mL resulted in the highest increase in males' preference for sex pheromone and females' oviposition, whereas the mianserin-treatment increased the survival rate and prolonged the lifespan of H. parallela. In addition, we did not observe significant differences in egg hatchability between octopamine and mianserin-treated H. parallela. Our results demonstrated that octopamine promotes H. parallela mating and oviposition with a clear low dosage effect, illustrated how neural substrates modulate insect behaviors, and provided insights for applying octopamine in pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fang Chiqin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Innocent Nyamwasa
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Feng
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 14853, Ithaca, NewYork, USA.
| | - Kebin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology, Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China.
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12
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Host-plant volatiles enhance the attraction of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to sex pheromone. CHEMOECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-022-00372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Lee SC, Lee JW, Lee DH, Huh MJ, Nam I, Park JH, Jung M, Park IK. Identification of Sex Pheromone Components of Korean Dioryctria abietella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Population and Synergism of Pheromone and Pine Cone Volatile Blends. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:178-186. [PMID: 34865067 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
(9Z,11E)-tetradecadienyl acetate (9Z,11E-14:OAc) and (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene (C25 pentaene), known as the sex pheromone of the European Dioryctria abietella population, were identified in the Korean D. abietella population. The ratio of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene extracted from female pheromone glands was 1:23. The electroantennogram (EAG) response of male antennae to 9Z,11E-14:OAc was stronger than to C25 pentaene, whereas an opposite EAG response was observed in female antennae. Major volatile compounds in mature Korean pine cone (Pinus koraiensis), such as limonene, myrcene, and (-)-α-pinene, elicited dose-dependent EAG responses of male and female antennae. In field attraction testing, traps baited with 100:1,000, 100:2,000, and 100:3,000 ug of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene were the most attractive to male D. abietella. More males were attracted to traps baited with 9Z,11E-14:OAc+C25 pentaene+limonene than traps baited with 9Z,11E-14:OAc+C25 pentaene. This showed that limonene acted as a synergist to sex pheromone. Delta traps, wing traps, and diamond traps were superior to bucket traps for capturing D. abietella males. This study showed that pheromone traps baited with 100:1,000 ~ 100:3,000 ug of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene and limonene will be useful for the exact monitoring of D. abietella flight phenology in Pinus koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc. (Pinales: Pinaceae) forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chan Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kyungnong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Lee
- Korea Institute of Insect Pheromone, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Huh
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Nam
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Park
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Jung
- Bioinformatics Group, R&D Center, Insilicogen, Inc., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Park
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Yi J, Wang S, Wang Z, Wang X, Li G, Zhang X, Pan Y, Zhao S, Zhang J, Zhou JJ, Wang J, Xi J. Identification of Candidate Carboxylesterases Associated With Odorant Degradation in Holotrichia parallela Antennae Based on Transcriptome Analysis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:674023. [PMID: 34566671 PMCID: PMC8461172 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.674023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects rely on their olfactory systems in antennae to recognize sex pheromones and plant volatiles in surrounding environments. Some carboxylesterases (CXEs) are odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs), degrading odorant signals to protect the olfactory neurons against continuous excitation. However, there is no report about CXEs in Holotrichia parallela, one of the most major agricultural underground pests in China. In the present study, 20 candidate CXEs were identified based on transcriptome analysis of female and male antennae. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis were performed to investigate the characterization of these candidate CXEs. The expression profiles of CXEs were compared by RT-qPCR analysis between olfactory and non-olfactory tissues of both genders. HparCXE4, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 were antenna-biased expressed genes, suggesting their possible roles as ODEs. HparCXE6, 10, 11, 13, and 16 showed significantly higher expression profiles in male antennae, whereas HparCXE18 was expressed more in female antennae. This study highlighted candidate CXE genes linked to odorant degradation in antennae, and provided a useful resource for further work on the H. parallela olfactory mechanism and selection of target genes for integrative control of H. parallela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Yi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou, China
| | - Shang Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhun Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Changchun Customs Technology Center, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gongfeng Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shiwen Zhao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Juhong Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Rothamsted Research, University of Hertfordshire, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Du Y, Zhou A, Chen J. Olfactory and behavioral responses to acetate esters in red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:1371-1382. [PMID: 33089649 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, is one of the most successful invasive ants in the world. Previous studies indicated that benzyl acetate and prenyl acetate elicited significant electroantennography (EAG) response in S. invicta and exhibited as attractants at certain concentrations. In addition, the easy commercial availability, low cost, and low mammalian toxicity make acetate esters ideal candidates to screen for potential use in S. invicta control. RESULTS We examined the EAG and behavioral responses to 26 acetate esters in all castes of S. invicta. Our results demonstrated a large diversity of EAG tuning and behavioral responses to acetate esters in S. invicta. For linear alkyl acetate esters, EAG response was clearly affected by the carbon chain length of the alkyl group. Linear alkyl acetates with five to seven carbon chain length of the alkyl group elicited significant EAG response in S. invicta, whereas those with shorter (C1 to C4) or longer (C8 to C12) carbon chain lengths did not. Different substitutions also exhibited large variety of EAG and behavioral responses in S. invicta. CONCLUSION Our works explored the olfactory and behavioral response of S. invicta to structurally different acetate esters, and identified two potential fire ant attractants, pentyl acetate and tran-2-hexenyl acetate, and two potential repellents, hexyl acetate and cis-3-hexenyl acetate. These compounds may be useful in developing new products for fire ant management. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Du
- National Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | - Aiming Zhou
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS, USA
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16
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Zhang M, Cui Z, Zhang N, Xie G, Wang W, Chen L. Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Holotrichia parallela to Volatiles from Peanut. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12020158. [PMID: 33668407 PMCID: PMC7918631 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The dark black chafer, Holotrichia parallela, which is widely distributed all over the world, is an economically important pest in agriculture and forestry. In the north part of China, this beetle causes serious damage to the peanut plant. Much attention has been paid to olfactory perception of volatile compounds from supplemental nutrition hosts by H. parallela prior to sexual maturation. However, volatile compounds attractive to this beetle from the peanut plant have not been identified yet. In this study, we collected the volatile compounds from peanut seedlings by dynamic headspace adsorption and identified twelve electrophysiologically active compounds responsible for the attraction of H. parallela to the peanut. Among the eight chemically identified compounds, β-caryophyllene and hexanal significantly attracted both sexes of H. parallela when tested individually in the field. A blend of β-caryophyllene and hexanal at a ratio of 2:1 was most attractive to the beetles. The addition of the remaining compounds to the binary mixture did not increase the attractiveness. The findings of this study reveal that β-caryophyllene and hexanal can be potentially used for development of effective attractants for management of H. parallela. Abstract Holotrichia parallela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) is a notorious pest of many crops, especially peanuts. In this study, volatiles from peanut plants were analyzed using both gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques, and tested for adult attraction with field trapping bioassays in Hebei Province, China. GC-EAD analyses indicated that H. parallela antennae strongly responded to twelve GC peaks, including eight identified compounds, (Z)-β-ocimene, hexanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, nonanal, dihydromyrcenol, linalool, β-caryophyllene, methyl salicylate, and four unidentified compounds. When tested individually in field conditions from 24 to 31 July, 2020, β-caryophyllene and hexanal significantly attracted both sexes of H. parallela, whereas all other compounds were unattractive. A blend of β-caryophyllene and hexanal at a ratio of 2:1, close to the natural ratio of these two compounds from the intact peanut plant, was most attractive to the beetles. The remaining identified compounds, (Z)-β-ocimene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, nonanal, dihydromyrcenol, linalool, and methyl salicylate had no synergistic effects on H. parallela attraction when tested in combination with the blend of β-caryophyllene and hexanal. These results demonstrated that β-caryophyllene and hexanal in the volatiles from peanut plants have strong attraction to H. parallela. These two compounds have the potential to be used for monitoring H. parallela and its management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (M.Z.); (Z.C.); (N.Z.); (G.X.)
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhihao Cui
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (M.Z.); (Z.C.); (N.Z.); (G.X.)
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (M.Z.); (Z.C.); (N.Z.); (G.X.)
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Guanglin Xie
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (M.Z.); (Z.C.); (N.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Wenkai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (M.Z.); (Z.C.); (N.Z.); (G.X.)
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-312-5073620 (L.C.)
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-312-5073620 (L.C.)
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17
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Sanchez-Cruz A, Robledo N, Rosete-Enríquez M, Romero-López AA. Attraction of Adults of Cyclocephala lunulata and Cyclocephala barrerai (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae) towards Bacteria Volatiles Isolated from Their Genital Chambers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25194430. [PMID: 32992458 PMCID: PMC7582287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the study of the chemical communication of adults of the Melolonthidae family, bacteria have been observed in the epithelium of the genital chamber; possibly, bacteria are involved in the production of sex attractants in their hosts. Therefore, it is important to identify the volatile organic compounds from bacteria (VOCsB) released by these microorganisms and study the biological activity stimulated by VOBCs in adults of Melolonthidae. In this study, bacteria were isolated from the genital chamber of Cyclocephala lunulata and Cyclocephala barrerai, from which VOCsB were extracted using static headspace solid-phase microextraction (SHS-SPME) and dynamic headspace Super Q solid-phase extraction (DHS-SPE) and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effect of VOCsB on the hosts and conspecifics was evaluated utilizing an olfactometer and electroantennography (EAG). Two species of Enterobacteria were isolated from the genital chamber of each female species, and VOCsB derived from sulfur-containing compounds, alcohols, esters, and fatty acids were identified. An attraction response was observed in olfactometry studies, and antennal responses to VOCsB were confirmed in EAG bioassays. With these results, new perspectives on the relationship between these beetles and their bacteria emerge, in addition to establishing a basis for management programs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Sanchez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química de Insectos, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km. 6, calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos C.P. 62731, Mexico;
| | - Norma Robledo
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química de Insectos, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km. 6, calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos C.P. 62731, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (N.R.); (A.A.R.-L.); Tel.: +52-(735)-3942020 (N.R.); +52-(735)-3941896 (N.R.); +52-(222)-2295500 (A.A.R.-L.)
| | - María Rosete-Enríquez
- Laboratorio de Macromoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Boulevard Capitán Carlos Camacho Espíritu, Edificio 112-A, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla C. P. 72570, Mexico;
| | - Angel A. Romero-López
- Laboratorio de Infoquímicos y Otros compuestos Bióticos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Boulevard Capitán Carlos Camacho Espíritu, Edificio 112-A, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla C. P. 72570, Mexico
- Correspondence: (N.R.); (A.A.R.-L.); Tel.: +52-(735)-3942020 (N.R.); +52-(735)-3941896 (N.R.); +52-(222)-2295500 (A.A.R.-L.)
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18
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Pan Y, Zhao S, Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang X, Lee Y, Xi J. Quantitative proteomics suggests changes in the carbohydrate metabolism of maize in response to larvae of the belowground herbivore Holotrichia parallela. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9819. [PMID: 32913681 PMCID: PMC7456535 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The larvae of Holotrichia parallela, a destructive belowground herbivore, may cause yield losses of up to 20% in maize in a typical year. To understand the protein-level mechanisms governing the response of maize to this herbivore, tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics was used for the comparative analysis of protein abundance in the maize roots after H. parallela larval attack. A total of 351 upregulated proteins and 303 downregulated proteins were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were most strongly associated with carbohydrate and energy metabolism pathways, such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and fructose and mannose metabolism. Most glycolysis-related proteins were significantly induced. In addition, H. parallela larval attack decreased the glucose concentrations in the roots. This study demonstrates that maize can manipulate carbohydrate metabolism by modifying glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway response to root-feeding herbivorous attackers. The results of this study may help to establish a foundation for further functional studies of key protein-mediated responses to H. parallela larvae in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Shiwen Zhao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Zhun Wang
- Changchun Customs Technology Center, ChangChun, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Yunshuo Lee
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
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19
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Wang X, Wang S, Yi J, Li Y, Liu J, Wang J, Xi J. Three Host Plant Volatiles, Hexanal, Lauric Acid, and Tetradecane, are Detected by an Antenna-Biased Expressed Odorant Receptor 27 in the Dark Black Chafer Holotrichia parallela. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7316-7323. [PMID: 32551589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Insects rely on olfaction to locate their host plants by antennae in complex chemical environments. Odorant receptor (OR) genes are thought to play a crucial role in the process. ORs function together with odorant coreceptors to determine the specificity and sensitivity of olfactory reception. The dark black chafer, Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is a destructive underground pest. To understand the molecular basis of H. parallela olfactory reception, an olfactory-biased expressed odorant receptor HparOR27 and HparOrco (HparOR40) were identified from antennal transcriptome analysis and prediction of the sequence structure. Tissue expression analysis showed that HparOR27 was mainly expressed in adult antennae throughout developmental stages. The functions of HparOR27 were analyzed using the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. HparOR27 was broadly responsive to three host plant volatiles, including hexanal, lauric acid, and tetradecane. Electroantennogram tests confirmed that three ligands were electrophysiologically active in antennae of female adults. A Y-tube olfactometer test indicated that hexanal was a repellent for adults of both sexes. Taken together, our data support the identification of odorant receptors and provide a molecular basis for eco-friendly pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Shang Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jiankun Yi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yunshuo Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jianan Liu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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20
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A male-produced aggregation-sex pheromone of the beetle Arhopalus rusticus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Spondylinae) may be useful in managing this invasive species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19570. [PMID: 31863031 PMCID: PMC6925271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The longhorned beetle Arhopalus rusticus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Spondylinae) is a common species in conifer forests of the Northern Hemisphere, but with global trade, it has invaded and become established in New Zealand, Australia, and South America. Arhopalus rusticus is a suspected vector of the phytopathogenic nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causative agent of pine wilt disease, which is a major threat to pine forests worldwide. Here, we report the identification of a volatile, male-produced aggregation-sex pheromone for this species. Headspace odours from males contained a major male-specific compound, identified as (2 S, 5E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol (common name (S)-fuscumol), and a minor component (E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one (geranylacetone). Both compounds are known pheromone components for species in the same subfamily. In field trials in its native range in Slovenia, (S)-fuscumol was significantly more attractive to beetles of both sexes, than racemic fuscumol and a blend of host plant volatiles commonly used as an attractant for this species. Fuscumol-baited traps also caught significant numbers of another spondylidine species, Spondylis buprestoides (L.), and a rare click beetle, Stenagostus rufus (De Geer). The pheromone can be exploited as a cost-effective and environmentally safe tool for detection and monitoring of this invasive species at ports of entry, and for monitoring the beetle's distribution and population trends in both endemic and invasive populations.
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21
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Chen L, Li YY, Shao KM. A Practical Technique for Electrophysiologically Recording from Lamellated Antenna of Scarab Beetle. J Chem Ecol 2019; 45:392-401. [PMID: 30825039 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Host-plant volatiles play a key role in finding mate and suitable host plants of phytophagous scarab beetles. Hence it is immensely important to collect and identify these volatiles. The gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) technique has been used as a rapid and convenient tool for the identification of physiologically active components from plants. Here, we describe a practical method for electrophysiologically recording from lamellated antenna of scarab beetles. This method enables direct electroantennogram (EAG) recordings from antennal club without damage to the antenna in a similar manner to the conventional cut-tip EAG recording technique for clavate antenna. The headspace volatiles from walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees were collected with a Poropak-Q trap at dusk and then analyzed with GC-EAD. Those volatile compounds that elicited electrophysiological responses on the antennae of a scarab beetle, Metabolus flavescens Brenske (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae: Melolonthinae) were determined by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lamella directly connected to the recording electrode was held apart from the other two lamellae on the antenna with a minuten pin and a disposable syringe needle. In order to improve electrical contact, a surfactant, Tween® 80, was used to lower the surface tension of Beadle-Ephrussi Ringer solution. This study demonstrated that addition of 0.05% Tween® 80 to the Beadle-Ephrussi Ringer solution suppressed baseline noise and assured significantly greater EAG response in general. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, this method may also be useful for studying the electrophysiology of other insect species having club-like antennae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Min Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.,School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhang H, Teng X, Luo Q, Sheng Z, Guo X, Wang G, Li W, Yuan G. Flight and Walking Performance of Dark Black Chafer Beetle Holotrichia parallela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the Presence of Known Hosts and Attractive Nonhost Plants. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2019; 19:5378970. [PMID: 30865781 PMCID: PMC6415723 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Holotrichia parallela damages seriously on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) pods. Elucidation of its flight and walking performance in the presence of different plants may provide an insight in its host selection process and an explanation to its strong olfactory preference to an attractive nonhost, castor bean (Ricinus communis). We determined the relationships among flight performance, mate choice, and body weight of H. parallela beetles, and then investigated their flight and walking patterns in the presence of known hosts and attractive nonhost plants using a flight mill and a locomotion compensator, respectively. Body weights were not related to mating success, regardless of sex. The flight proportion of selected females drastically decreased compared with nonselected females, nonselected males, and selected males. Within mated males, heavier individuals exhibited poorer flight performance than lighter ones. In flight bioassay, peanut showed an arrestment effect on virgin females. For walking activity factors (distance, time, and speed), the host plants velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) elicited the strongest responses in females and males, respectively. Interestingly, the most preferred adult host, Siberian elm, and the nonhost, castor bean, elicited the highest values of two orientation factors (orientation and upwind length) in females. The chemical similarity hypothesis, which states that feeding or oviposition of insects mistakenly on nonhost can be traced to their chemical similarity to actual hosts, could explain the attraction of H. parallela to castor bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- College of Life Science & Agriculture, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Teng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qianwen Luo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ziyao Sheng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xianru Guo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Gaoping Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guohui Yuan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Wilson AE, Sparks DL, Knott KK, Willard S, Brown A. Implementing solid phase microextraction (SPME) as a tool to detect volatile compounds produced by giant pandas in the environment. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208618. [PMID: 30566455 PMCID: PMC6300211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical cues are thought to play an important role in mate identification in the solitary giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The goal of this study was to detect and identify volatile compounds present in the enclosure air of captive giant pandas. We hypothesized that a subset of compounds produced from breeding animals would be detected in environmental samples because highly volatile chemicals are likely to facilitate mate detection. Samples were collected from the enclosures of 8 giant pandas (n = 4 male, n = 4 female) during the Mar-June breeding season and the Aug-Jan non-breeding period from 2012-2015. Volatile compounds were captured by securing a solid phase micro extraction fiber approximately 3 meters above the ground within a panda enclosure for 6-12 hours. Compounds adsorbed onto the SPME fibers were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Thirty-three compounds were detected in at least 10% of all samples within individual and season and across all subjects within each season. Aromatic compounds made up 27.3% of the enclosure volatile profile, while 21.2% was made of cyclic aliphatic compounds and 51.5% of the enclosure profile was comprised of acyclic aliphatic compounds. Three compounds were likely to be present in male enclosures regardless of season, while Undecane, 4-methyl had a significant (p<0.05) predicted probability of being present in female enclosures. 3,3'-(1,1-Ethanediyl)bis(1H-indole) had a significant (p<0.05) probability of occurrence in male enclosures during the breeding season. Given the prevalence of these compounds, we suspect that these chemicals are important in giant panda communication. This novel sampling technique can detect volatile compounds produced by captive species and also may be a useful tool for detecting pheromones in free-ranging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey E. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Conservation and Research, Memphis Zoological Society, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Darrell L. Sparks
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Katrina K. Knott
- Aquatic Systems and Environmental Health Unit, Resource Science Division, Missouri Department of Conservation, Central Regional Office and Conservation Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott Willard
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Ashli Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
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Zhang H, Li W, Luo Q, Yang L, Gong D, Teng X, Guo X, Yuan G. Fatal Attraction: Ricinus communis Provides an Attractive but Risky Mating Site for Holotrichia parallela Beetles. J Chem Ecol 2018; 44:965-974. [PMID: 30116996 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-0994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The castor bean, Ricinus communis L., is a non-host plant for the large black chafer, Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). In laboratory bioassays we found that this plant was no less attractive than the main host plant (peanut, Arachis hypogaea) and three food plant species: velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), the glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum), and the Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila). In field trapping experiments a Soxhlet extract of castor bean leaves caught more beetles than the optimal sex lure blend [(R)-(-)-linalool and (L)-isoleucine methyl ester blended in a ratio of 1:4], compared at equal doses (500 μl), and laboratory bioassays indicated that a castor bean plant could enhance the attractiveness of different blend ratios of sex lures. Olfactometer bioassays showed that males prefer volatiles emitted from different combinations of castor bean plant extracts and a signaling female over a female alone. In the presence of castor bean plants copulation rates of H. parallela were highest among all test environments both in laboratory bioassays (60%) and in field tests (70%). This study, combined with our previous observation of the feeding behavior of H. parallela adults on castor bean leaves, suggests that castor bean plants may provide an attractive but risky mating site for H. parallela beetles. The enhancement of male mate-location and copulation rate in the presence of castor bean plants can balance its paralytic effects on H. parallela after intake of potential toxins contained in its leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qianwen Luo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongfeng Gong
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Teng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xianru Guo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| | - Guohui Yuan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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25
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Ju Q, Li X, Guo XQ, Du L, Shi CR, Qu MJ. Two Odorant-Binding Proteins of the Dark Black Chafer ( Holotrichia parallela) Display Preferential Binding to Biologically Active Host Plant Volatiles. Front Physiol 2018; 9:769. [PMID: 30072905 PMCID: PMC6058716 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The dark black chafer (DBC), Holotrichia parallela, is an important pest of multiple crops. Insect host-searching behaviors are regulated by host plant volatiles. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism linking the chemosensory system to plant volatiles at the molecular level will benefit DBC control strategies. Based on antenna transcriptome data, two highly expressed antenna-specific odorant-binding proteins (HparOBP20 and 49) were selected to identify novel DBC attractants using reverse chemical ecology methods. We expressed these proteins, mapped their binding specificity, and tested the activity of the plant volatiles in the field. The ligands used in the binding specificity assays included 31 host-plant-associated volatiles and two sex pheromone components. The results showed that (1) HparOBP20 and 49 are involved in odor recognition; (2) these proteins bind attractive plant volatiles strongly and can therefore be employed to develop environmentally friendly DBC management strategies; and (3) the green-leaf volatile (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate shows a high binding affinity to HparOBP20 (Ki = 18.51 μM) and HparOBP49 (Ki = 39.65 μM) and is highly attractive to DBC adults, especially females. In the field test, a (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate trap caught an average of 13 ± 1.202 females per day, which was significantly greater than the corresponding male catch (F2,6 = 74.18, P < 0.0001). (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate may represent a useful supplement to the known sex pheromone for DBC attraction. In the present study, the binding characteristics of two HparOBPs with host plant volatiles were screened, providing behaviourally active compounds that might be useful for DBC control, based on reverse chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ming-Jing Qu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
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26
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Zhang ZY, Yuan Y, Ali MW, Peng T, Peng W, Raza MF, Zhao Y, Zhang H. Cultivable anaerobic and aerobic bacterial communities in the fermentation chambers of Holotrichia parallela (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) larvae. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190663. [PMID: 29304141 PMCID: PMC5755877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As important pests, scarab beetle larvae survive on plant biomass and the microbiota of the fermentation chamber play an important role in the digestion of lignocellulose-rich diets. However, the cultivable microbes, especially the anaerobic cultivable microbes, are still largely unknown. Here, both cultivable anaerobic and aerobic bacterial communities associated with the fermentation chamber of Holotrichia parallela larvae were investigated. In total bacteria cells directly enumerated by the 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining method, the viable plate counts of cultivable bacteria in the fermentation chamber accounted for 0.92% of proportion. These cultivable bacteria were prone to attach to the fermentation chamber wall (88.41%) compared to the chamber contents. Anaerobic bacteria were dominant in the cultivable bacteria attaching to the fermentation chamber wall (70.20%), while the quantities of anaerobes and aerobes were similar in the chamber contents. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), fingerprinting and sequence analysis of isolated colonies revealed that the cultivable bacteria are affiliated with class γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Actinobacteria, Clostridia and β-Proteobacteria. γ-Proteobacteria was the major type of anaerobic cultivable bacteria and even the only one type of aerobic cultivable bacteria. Taken together, our results suggest, for the first time, that anaerobic microbiota are dominant in cultivable bacteria in the special anoxia niche of the fermentation chamber from H. parallela larvae. These bacterial isolates could be a treasure trove for screening lignocellulytic microbes which are essential for the plant biomass digestion of this scarab species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-yu Zhang
- College of Environmental Design, Wuhan Institute of Design and Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yimin Yuan
- College of Environmental Design, Wuhan Institute of Design and Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Waqar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Fahim Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yongshun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZH); (ZY)
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZH); (ZY)
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