Innovative Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles in Polystyrene Matrix with Enhanced Optical and Magnetic Properties

Stabilization of ruthenium on biochar-nickel magnetic nanoparticles as a heterogeneous, practical, selective, and reusable nanocatalyst for the Suzuki C-C coupling reaction in water

Waste recycling and the use of recyclable and available catalysts are important principles in green chemistry in science and industrial research. Therefore in this study, biochar nanoparticles were prepared from biomass pyrolysis. Then, they were magnetized with nickel nanoparticles to improve their recycling. Further, the magnetic biochar nanoparticles (biochar-Ni MNPs) were modified by dithizone ligand and then applied for the fabrication of a ruthenium catalyst (Ru-dithizone@biochar-Ni MNPs). This nanocatalyst was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDX), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. The XRD studies of Ru in the nanocatalyst showed that the crystalline structure of ruthenium in the Ru-dithizone@biochar-Ni MNPs was hcp. Another principle of green chemistry is the use of safe and inexpensive solvents, the most suitable of which is water. Therefore, the catalytic activity of this catalyst was investigated as a practical, selective, and recyclable nanocatalyst in the Suzuki carbon-carbon coupling reaction in aqueous media. The VSM curve of this catalyst showed that it could be easily recovered using an external magnet, and recycled multiple times. Also, VSM analysis of the recovered catalyst indicated the good magnetic stability of this catalyst after repeated use.

Nanotechnologies for Preparation and Application of Metallic Nickel

Nanostructured nickel exhibits substantial surface area per unit volume and adjustable optical, electronic, magnetic, and biological properties, that makes nanofabricated nickel highly attractive as regards to its practical application in different fields of chemistry. Technologies on nickel nanomaterials including their simple preparation and modern application are summarized in this review.

Magnetization of graphene oxide nanosheets using nickel magnetic nanoparticles as a novel support for the fabrication of copper as a practical, selective, and reusable nanocatalyst in C-C and C-O coupling reactions

Catalyst species are an important class of materials in chemistry, industry, medicine, and biotechnology. Moreover, waste recycling is an important process in green chemistry and is economically efficient. Herein, magnetic graphene oxide was synthesized using nickel magnetic nanoparticles and further applied as a novel support for the fabrication of a copper catalyst. The catalytic activity of supported copper on magnetic graphene oxide (Cu–ninhydrin@GO–Ni MNPs) was investigated as a selective, practical, and reusable nanocatalyst in the synthesis of diaryl ethers and biphenyls. Some of the obtained products were identified by NMR spectroscopy. This nanocatalyst has been characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDX), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The results obtained from SEM shown that this catalyst has a nanosheet structure. Also, XRD and FT-IR analysis show that the structure of graphene oxide and nickel magnetic nanoparticles is stable during the modification of the nanoparticles and synthesis of the catalyst. The VSM curve of the catalyst shows that this catalyst can be recovered using an external magnet; therefore, it can be reused several times without a significant loss of its catalytic efficiency. The heterogeneity and stability of this nanocatalyst during organic reactions was confirmed by the hot filtration test and AAS technique.

Catalytic activity of supported copper on magnetic graphene oxide was investigated as a selective and reusable nanocatalyst in the synthesis of diaryl ethers and biphenyls.