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Teruya K, Oguma A, Iwabuchi S, Nishizawa K, Doh-Ura K. Improvement of anti-prion efficacy with stearoxy conjugation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in prion-infected mice. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122163. [PMID: 38710557 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal transmissible neurodegenerative disorders. Among known anti-prions, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose compounds (HPMCs) are unique in their chemical structure and action. They have several excellent anti-prion properties but the effectiveness depends on the prion-infected mouse model. In the present study, we investigated the effects of stearoxy-modified HPMCs on prion-infected cells and mice. Stearoxy modification improved the anti-prion efficacy of HPMCs in prion-infected cells and significantly prolonged the incubation period in a lower HPMC-responding mouse model. However, stearoxy modification showed no improvement over nonmodified HPMCs in an HPMC-responding mouse model. These results offer a new line of inquiry for use with prion-infected mice that do not respond well to HPMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Teruya
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Oguma
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Sara Iwabuchi
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Keiko Nishizawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Katsumi Doh-Ura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Faculty of Medical Science & Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Hanna CC, Kriegesmann J, Dowman LJ, Becker CFW, Payne RJ. Chemische Synthese und Semisynthese von lipidierten Proteinen. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202111266. [PMID: 38504765 PMCID: PMC10947004 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLipidierung ist eine ubiquitäre Modifikation von Peptiden und Proteinen, die entweder co‐ oder posttranslational auftreten kann. Für die Vielzahl von Lipidklassen wurde gezeigt, dass diese viele entscheidende biologische Aktivitäten, z. B. die Regulierung der Signalweiterleitung, Zell‐Zell‐Adhäsion sowie die Anlagerung von Proteinen an Lipid‐Rafts und Phospholipidmembranen, beeinflussen. Während die Natur Enzyme nutzt, um Lipidmodifikationen in Proteine einzubringen, ist ihre Nutzung für die chemoenzymatische Herstellung von lipidierten Proteinen häufig ineffizient. Eine Alternative ist die Kombination moderner synthetischer und semisynthetischer Techniken, um lipidierte Proteine in reiner und homogen modifizierter Form zu erhalten. Dieser Aufsatz erörtert Fortschritte in der Entwicklung der Lipidierungs‐ und Ligationschemie und deren Anwendung in der Synthese und Semisynthese homogen lipidierter Proteine, die es ermöglichen, den Einfluss dieser Modifikationen auf die Proteinstruktur und ‐funktion zu untersuchen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C. Hanna
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Institut für Biologische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität WienWienÖsterreich
| | - Luke J. Dowman
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | | | - Richard J. Payne
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
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3
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Activities of curcumin-related compounds in two cell lines persistently infected with different prion strains. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130094. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Hanna C, Kriegesmann J, Dowman L, Becker C, Payne RJ. Chemical Synthesis and Semisynthesis of Lipidated Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111266. [PMID: 34611966 PMCID: PMC9303669 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipidation is a ubiquitous modification of peptides and proteins that can occur either co‐ or post‐translationally. An array of different lipid classes can adorn proteins and has been shown to influence a number of crucial biological activities, including the regulation of signaling, cell–cell adhesion events, and the anchoring of proteins to lipid rafts and phospholipid membranes. Whereas nature employs a range of enzymes to install lipid modifications onto proteins, the use of these for the chemoenzymatic generation of lipidated proteins is often inefficient or impractical. An alternative is to harness the power of modern synthetic and semisynthetic technologies to access lipid‐modified proteins in a pure and homogeneously modified form. This Review aims to highlight significant advances in the development of lipidation and ligation chemistry and their implementation in the synthesis and semisynthesis of homogeneous lipidated proteins that have enabled the influence of these modifications on protein structure and function to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hanna
- The University of Sydney, Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Luke Dowman
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Christian Becker
- University of Vienna Faculty of Chemistry: Universitat Wien Fakultat fur Chemie, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Richard James Payne
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, Eastern Avenue, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
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5
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Melanin or a Melanin-Like Substance Interacts with the N-Terminal Portion of Prion Protein and Inhibits Abnormal Prion Protein Formation in Prion-Infected Cells. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.01862-16. [PMID: 28077650 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01862-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive fatal neurodegenerative illnesses caused by the accumulation of transmissible abnormal prion protein (PrP). To find treatments for prion diseases, we searched for substances from natural resources that inhibit abnormal PrP formation in prion-infected cells. We found that high-molecular-weight components from insect cuticle extracts reduced abnormal PrP levels. The chemical nature of these components was consistent with that of melanin. In fact, synthetic melanin produced from tyrosine or 3-hydroxy-l-tyrosine inhibited abnormal PrP formation. Melanin did not modify cellular or cell surface PrP levels, nor did it modify lipid raft or cellular cholesterol levels. Neither did it enhance autophagy or lysosomal function. Melanin was capable of interacting with PrP at two N-terminal domains. Specifically, it strongly interacted with the PrP region of amino acids 23 to 50 including a positively charged amino acid cluster and weakly interacted with the PrP octarepeat peptide region of residues 51 to 90. However, the in vitro and in vivo data were inconsistent with those of prion-infected cells. Abnormal PrP formation in protein misfolding cyclic amplification was not inhibited by melanin. Survival after prion infection was not significantly altered in albino mice or exogenously melanin-injected mice compared with that of control mice. These data suggest that melanin, a main determinant of skin color, is not likely to modify prion disease pathogenesis, even though racial differences in the incidence of human prion diseases have been reported. Thus, the findings identify an interaction between melanin and the N terminus of PrP, but the pathophysiological roles of the PrP-melanin interaction remain unclear.IMPORTANCE The N-terminal region of PrP is reportedly important for neuroprotection, neurotoxicity, and abnormal PrP formation, as this region is bound by many factors, such as metal ions, lipids, nucleic acids, antiprion compounds, and several proteins, including abnormal PrP in prion disease and the Aβ oligomer in Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, melanin, a main determinant of skin color, was newly found to interact with this N-terminal region and inhibits abnormal PrP formation in prion-infected cells. However, the data for prion infection in mice lacking melanin production suggest that melanin is not associated with the prion disease mechanism, although the incidence of prion disease is reportedly much higher in white people than in black people. Thus, the roles of the PrP-melanin interaction remain to be further elucidated, but melanin might be a useful competitive tool for evaluating the functions of other ligands at the N-terminal region.
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Schäfer B, Orbán E, Fiser G, Marton A, Vizler C, Tömböly C. Semisynthesis of membrane-anchored cholesteryl lipoproteins on live cell surface by azide–alkyne click reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Callahan BP, Wang C. Hedgehog Cholesterolysis: Specialized Gatekeeper to Oncogenic Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2037-53. [PMID: 26473928 PMCID: PMC4695875 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Discussions of therapeutic suppression of hedgehog (Hh) signaling almost exclusively focus on receptor antagonism; however, hedgehog's biosynthesis represents a unique and potentially targetable aspect of this oncogenic signaling pathway. Here, we review a key biosynthetic step called cholesterolysis from the perspectives of structure/function and small molecule inhibition. Cholesterolysis, also called cholesteroylation, generates cholesterol-modified Hh ligand via autoprocessing of a hedgehog precursor protein. Post-translational modification by cholesterol appears to be restricted to proteins in the hedgehog family. The transformation is essential for Hh biological activity and upstream of signaling events. Despite its decisive role in generating ligand, cholesterolysis remains conspicuously unexplored as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Callahan
- Chemistry Department, Binghamton University 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Biology Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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8
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Kimura T, Nishizawa K, Oguma A, Nishimura Y, Sakasegawa Y, Teruya K, Nishijima I, Doh-ura K. Secretin receptor involvement in prion-infected cells and animals. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2011-8. [PMID: 26037144 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms behind prion biosynthesis and metabolism remain unclear. Here we show that secretin signaling via the secretin receptor regulates abnormal prion protein formation in prion-infected cells. Animal studies demonstrate that secretin receptor deficiency slightly, but significantly, prolongs incubation time in female but not male mice. This gender-specificity is consistent with our finding that prion-infected cells are derived from females. Therefore, our results provide initial insights into the reasons why age of disease onset in certain prion diseases is reported to occur slightly earlier in females than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kimura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Nishizawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayumi Oguma
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishimura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakasegawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenta Teruya
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiko Nishijima
- Department of Biobank Lifescience, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsumi Doh-ura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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9
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Schäfer B, Orbán E, Kele Z, Tömböly C. Tritium labelling of a cholesterol amphiphile designed for cell membrane anchoring of proteins. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:7-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Schäfer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry; Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Temesvári krt. 62. 6726 Szeged Hungary
| | - Erika Orbán
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Pázmány Péter sétány 1/a 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kele
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Szeged University; Dóm tér 8. 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Csaba Tömböly
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry; Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Temesvári krt. 62. 6726 Szeged Hungary
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10
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Lacek K, Urbanowicz RA, Troise F, De Lorenzo C, Severino V, Di Maro A, Tarr AW, Ferrara F, Ploss A, Temperton N, Ball JK, Nicosia A, Cortese R, Pessi A. Dramatic potentiation of the antiviral activity of HIV antibodies by cholesterol conjugation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:35015-28. [PMID: 25342747 PMCID: PMC4263897 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.591826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The broadly neutralizing antibodies HIV 2F5 and 4E10, which bind to overlapping epitopes in the membrane-proximal external region of the fusion protein gp41, have been proposed to use a two-step mechanism for neutralization; first, they bind and preconcentrate at the viral membrane through their long, hydrophobic CDRH3 loops, and second, they form a high affinity complex with the protein epitope. Accordingly, mutagenesis of the CDRH3 can abolish their neutralizing activity, with no change in the affinity for the peptide epitope. We show here that we can mimic this mechanism by conjugating a cholesterol group outside of the paratope of an antibody. Cholesterol-conjugated antibodies bind to lipid raft domains on the membrane, and because of this enrichment, they show increased antiviral potency. In particular, we find that cholesterol conjugation (i) rescues the antiviral activity of CDRH3-mutated 2F5, (ii) increases the antiviral activity of WT 2F5, (iii) potentiates the non-membrane-binding HIV antibody D5 10–100-fold (depending on the virus strain), and (iv) increases synergy between 2F5 and D5. Conjugation can be made at several positions, including variable and constant domains. Cholesterol conjugation therefore appears to be a general strategy to boost the potency of antiviral antibodies, and, because membrane affinity is engineered outside of the antibody paratope, it can complement affinity maturation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Lacek
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy, the Laboratory of Virus Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Richard A Urbanowicz
- the School of Life Sciences and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Fulvia Troise
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Claudia De Lorenzo
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy, the Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Valeria Severino
- the Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta (CE), Italy
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- the Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta (CE), Italy
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- the School of Life Sciences and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- the Viral Pseudotype Unit, Infectious Diseases and Allergy group, School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Ploss
- the Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and
| | - Nigel Temperton
- the Viral Pseudotype Unit, Infectious Diseases and Allergy group, School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- the School of Life Sciences and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Nicosia
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy, the Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Riccardo Cortese
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Antonello Pessi
- From Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.R.L., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy, JV Bio, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli (NA), Italy
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Efficacy and mechanism of a glycoside compound inhibiting abnormal prion protein formation in prion-infected cells: implications of interferon and phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein. J Virol 2014; 88:4083-99. [PMID: 24453367 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03775-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A new type of antiprion compound, Gly-9, was found to inhibit abnormal prion protein formation in prion-infected neuroblastoma cells, in a prion strain-independent manner, when the cells were treated for more than 1 day. It reduced the intracellular prion protein level and significantly modified mRNA expression levels of genes of two types: interferon-stimulated genes were downregulated after more than 2 days of treatment, and the phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein gene, a gene involved in microtubule growth, was upregulated after more than 1 day of treatment. A supplement of interferon given to the cells partly restored the abnormal prion protein level but did not alter the normal prion protein level. This interferon action was independent of the Janus activated kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway. Therefore, the changes in interferon-stimulated genes might be a secondary effect of Gly-9 treatment. However, gene knockdown of phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein restored or increased both the abnormal prion protein level and the normal prion protein level, without transcriptional alteration of the prion protein gene. It also altered the localization of abnormal prion protein accumulation in the cells, indicating that phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein might affect prion protein levels by altering the trafficking of prion protein-containing structures. Interferon and phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein had no direct mutual link, demonstrating that they regulate abnormal prion protein levels independently. Although the in vivo efficacy of Gly-9 was limited, the findings for Gly-9 provide insights into the regulation of abnormal prion protein in cells and suggest new targets for antiprion compounds. IMPORTANCE This report describes our study of the efficacy and potential mechanism underlying the antiprion action of a new antiprion compound with a glycoside structure in prion-infected cells, as well as the efficacy of the compound in prion-infected animals. The study revealed involvements of two factors in the compound's mechanism of action: interferon and a microtubule nucleation activator, phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein. In particular, phosphodiesterase 4D-interacting protein was suggested to be important in regulating the trafficking or fusion of prion protein-containing vesicles or structures in cells. The findings of the study are expected to be useful not only for the elucidation of cellular regulatory mechanisms of prion protein but also for the implication of new targets for therapeutic development.
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12
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Schäfer B, Orbán E, Borics A, Huszár K, Nyeste A, Welker E, Tömböly C. Preparation of semisynthetic lipoproteins with fluorescent cholesterol anchor and their introduction to the cell membrane with minimal disruption of the membrane. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1684-97. [PMID: 24020959 DOI: 10.1021/bc4002135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The exogenous introduction of fluorescent lipoproteins into cell membranes is a method for visualizing the cellular traffic of membrane associated proteins, and also for altering the cell surface in a controlled manner. In order to achieve the cell membrane anchoring of proteins and their subsequent fluorescence based detection, a cholesterol derivative was designed. The headgroup of the novel cholesterol anchor contains a fluorescent reporter and a thiol reactive maleimide for protein conjugation. Protein conjugation was demonstrated by the addition of a green fluorescent maleimido anchor to the C-terminus of a Cys extended red fluorescent protein, mCherry. The resulting dual fluorescent cholesteryl lipoprotein was successfully separated from the micellar associates of the surplus fluorescent lipid anchor without denaturing the protein, and the lipoprotein containing only the covalently linked, stoichiometric fluorescent lipid was efficiently delivered to the plasma membrane of live cells. It was demonstrated that the membrane fluorescence could be directly assigned to the protein-anchor conjugate, because no excess of fluorescent lipid species were present during the imaging experiment and the protein and anchor fluorescence colocalized in the cell membrane. Molecular dynamics simulations and subsequent trajectory analysis suggest also the spontaneous and stable membrane association of the cholesterol anchor. Thus, the method could be beneficially applied for studying membrane associated proteins and for preparing mimetics of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins to target cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Schäfer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and §Laboratory of Conformational Diseases, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62., 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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13
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Teruya K, Tanaka T, Kawakami T, Akaji K, Aimoto S. Epimerization in peptide thioester condensation. J Pept Sci 2012; 18:669-77. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Teruya
- Institute for Protein Research; Osaka University; 3-2, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8334 Japan
| | - Takeyuki Tanaka
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kobe University; 1-1 Rokkodai-cho Nada-ku Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Toru Kawakami
- Institute for Protein Research; Osaka University; 3-2, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kenichi Akaji
- Institute for Protein Research; Osaka University; 3-2, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Kyoto Pharmaceutical University; Yamashina-ku Kyoto 607-8412 Japan
| | - Saburo Aimoto
- Institute for Protein Research; Osaka University; 3-2, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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14
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Francis JN, Redman JS, Eckert DM, Kay MS. Design of a modular tetrameric scaffold for the synthesis of membrane-localized D-peptide inhibitors of HIV-1 entry. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1252-8. [PMID: 22545664 DOI: 10.1021/bc300076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The highly conserved HIV-1 gp41 "pocket" region is a promising target for inhibiting viral entry. PIE12-trimer is a protease-resistant trimeric d-peptide inhibitor that binds to this pocket and potently blocks HIV entry. PIE12-trimer also possesses a reserve of binding energy that provides it with a strong genetic barrier to resistance ("resistance capacitor"). Here, we report the design of a modular scaffold employing PEGs of discrete lengths for the efficient optimization and synthesis of PIE12-trimer. This scaffold also allows us to conjugate PIE12-trimer to several membrane-localizing cargoes, resulting in dramatically improved potency and retention of PIE12-trimer's ability to absorb the impact of resistance mutations. This scaffold design strategy should be of broad utility for the rapid prototyping of multimeric peptide inhibitors attached to potency- or pharmacokinetics-enhancing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nicholas Francis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine , 15 N Medical Drive East Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, United States
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15
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Abe H, Goto M, Kamiya N. Protein Lipidation Catalyzed by Microbial Transglutaminase. Chemistry 2011; 17:14004-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Aranko AS, Volkmann G. Protein trans-splicing as a protein ligation tool to study protein structure and function. Biomol Concepts 2011; 2:183-98. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2011.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractProtein trans-splicing (PTS) exerted by split inteins is a protein ligation reaction which enables overcoming the barriers of conventional heterologous protein production. We provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art in split intein engineering, as well as the achievements of PTS technology in the realm of protein structure-function analyses, including incorporation of natural and artificial protein modifications, controllable protein reconstitution, segmental isotope labeling and protein cyclization. We further discuss factors crucial for the successful implementation of PTS in these protein engineering approaches, and speculate on necessary future endeavours to make PTS a universally applicable protein ligation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sesilja Aranko
- 1Research Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Hamanaka T, Sakasegawa Y, Ohmoto A, Kimura T, Ando T, Doh-ura K. Anti-prion activity of protein-bound polysaccharide K in prion-infected cells and animals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 405:285-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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