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Mauri E, Naso D, Rossetti A, Borghi E, Ottaviano E, Griffini G, Masi M, Sacchetti A, Rossi F. Design of polymer-based antimicrobial hydrogels through physico-chemical transition. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109791. [PMID: 31349504 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity represents a cornerstone in the development of biomaterials: it is a leading request in many areas, including biology, medicine, environment and industry. Over the years, different polymeric scaffolds are proposed as solutions, based on the encapsulation of metal ions/particles, antibacterial agents or antibiotics. However, the compliance with the biocompatibility criteria and the concentration of the active principles to avoid under- and over-dosing are being debated. In this work, we propose the synthesis of a versatile hydrogel using branched polyacrylic acid (carbomer 974P) and aliphatic polyetherdiamine (elastamine®) through physico-chemical transition, able to show its ability to counteract the bacterial growth and infections thanks to the polymers used, that are not subjected to further chemical modifications. In particular, the antimicrobial activity is clearly demonstrated against Staphyloccoccus aureus and Candida albicans, two well-known opportunistic pathogens. Moreover, we discuss the hydrogel use as drug carrier to design a unique device able to combine the antibacterial/antimicrobial properties to the controlled drug delivery, as a promising tool for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Mauri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Naso
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Borghi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Emerenziana Ottaviano
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Griffini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Masi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Wu Y, Feng C, Yang J, Chen G. High thermally stable thermosetting polyimides derived from a carborane-containing tetramine. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318779429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the preparation of thermosetting polyimides (PIs) based on carborane-containing tetramine and their characterizations. The novel tetramine 1,2-bis(4-(3,5-diaminobenzoic acid phenyl ester))carborane (CBNH) was synthesized and characterized firstly. Then, it was used in the preparation of two kinds of branched imide oligomers via the method of thermal imidization. The cure behavior of the obtained phenylethynyl-terminated oligomers was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The effect of carborane substituent on the thermal properties of PIs was studied by comparing with a similar structure without the carborane group. The thermal properties of PIs and carbon fiber/PI composites were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis, respectively. Because of the introduction of high steric hindrance of carborane structure, the resulting thermosets and carbon fiber/PI composites had excellent thermal property with a high char yield at 800°C (>66.5%) and a high glass transition temperature (up to 500°C), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuane Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Feng
- Capital Aerospace Machinery Company, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiping Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Morelli L, Cappelluti MA, Ricotti L, Lenardi C, Gerges I. An Injectable System for Local and Sustained Release of Antimicrobial Agents in the Periodontal Pocket. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28464538 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis treatments usually require local administration of antimicrobial drugs with the aim to reduce the bacterial load inside the periodontal pocket. Effective pharmaceutical treatments may require sustained local drug release for several days in the site of interest. Currently available solutions are still not able to fulfill the clinical need for high-quality treatments, mainly in terms of release profiles and patients' comfort. This work aims to fill this gap through the development of an in situ gelling system, capable to achieve controlled and sustained release of antimicrobial agents for medium-to-long-term treatments. The system is composed of micrometer-sized β-cyclodextrin-based hydrogel (bCD-Jef-MPs), featured by a strong hydrophilic character, suspended in a synthetic block-co-polymer solution (Poloxamer 407), which is capable to undergo rapid thermally induced sol-gel phase transition at body temperature. The chemical structure of bCD-Jef-MPs was confirmed by cross-correlating data from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, swelling test, and degradation kinetics. The thermally induced sol-gel phase transition is demonstrated by rheometric tests. The effectiveness of the described system to achieve sustained release of antimicrobial agents is demonstrated in vitro, using chlorhexidine digluconate as a drug model. The results achieved in this work disclose the potential of the mentioned system in effectively treating periodontitis lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morelli
- Filarete Foundation, Viale Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, viale R. Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Filarete Foundation, Viale Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milano, Italy
- CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Irini Gerges
- Tensive S.r.l., Via Timavo 34, 20124, Milano, Italy
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Castan L, José da Silva C, Ferreira Molina E, Alves Dos Santos R. Comparative study of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of commercial Jeffamines® and polyethylenimine in CHO-K1 cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:742-750. [PMID: 28334507 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Jeffamines® are a family of polymers containing primary amine groups attached to the extremities of polyether backbone which can be used as biomaterials. They have been used in combination with polyethylenimine (PEI) to improve biocompatibility in drug and gene delivery systems. Despite these facts, very few studies have been done on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of pure Jeffamines® or compared with PEI. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Jeffamines® and PEI in CHO-K1 cells. Specifically, polypropylene oxide 2000 (PPO 2000, Jeffamine® D series), polyethylene oxide 1900 (PEO 1900, Jeffamine® ED series), branched 25 kDa PEI, and linear 20 kDa PEI were evaluated at different concentrations. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays, respectively. Genotoxicity was evaluated using single cell gel electrophoresis assay and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. PPO 2000 was the most cytotoxic Jeffamine® , whereas PEO 1900 did not caused significant cell death at any tested concentration. Branched PEI was more cytotoxic than linear PEI (LPEI) and both were more cytotoxic than Jeffamines® . Only PPO 2000 induced DNA damage when evaluated in comet assay probably due to its cytotoxicity. PPO 2000, PEO 1900, and PEI did not increase the frequency of micronuclei when tested at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. This work provides new insights about biocompatibility of Jeffamines® and PEI and suggests the genotoxicological safety for further investigations of PEO 1900 in drug and gene delivery systems. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 742-750, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leniher Castan
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiano José da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferreira Molina
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Alves Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
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Waugh DG, Hussain I, Lawrence J, Smith GC, Cosgrove D, Toccaceli C. In vitro mesenchymal stem cell response to a CO2 laser modified polymeric material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 67:727-736. [PMID: 27287173 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With an ageing world population it is becoming significantly apparent that there is a need to produce implants and platforms to manipulate stem cell growth on a pharmaceutical scale. This is needed to meet the socio-economic demands of many countries worldwide. This paper details one of the first ever studies in to the manipulation of stem cell growth on CO2 laser surface treated nylon 6,6 highlighting its potential as an inexpensive platform to manipulate stem cell growth on a pharmaceutical scale. Through CO2 laser surface treatment discrete changes to the surfaces were made. That is, the surface roughness of the nylon 6,6 was increased by up to 4.3μm, the contact angle was modulated by up to 5° and the surface oxygen content increased by up to 1atom %. Following mesenchymal stem cell growth on the laser treated samples, it was identified that CO2 laser surface treatment gave rise to an enhanced response with an increase in viable cell count of up to 60,000cells/ml when compared to the as-received sample. The effect of surface parameters modified by the CO2 laser surface treatment on the mesenchymal stem cell response is also discussed along with potential trends that could be identified to govern the mesenchymal stem cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Waugh
- Laser Engineering and Manufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK.
| | - I Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Brayford Pool, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - J Lawrence
- Laser Engineering and Manufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - G C Smith
- Laser Engineering and Manufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - D Cosgrove
- School of Life Sciences, Brayford Pool, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - C Toccaceli
- Laser Engineering and Manufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK
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Photo-induced atom transfer radical polymerization of MMA with chlorophll A as photoinitiator. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-0995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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