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Elgharbawy AS, El Demerdash AGM, Sadik WA, Kasaby MA, Lotfy AH, Osman AI. Enhancing the Biodegradability, Water Solubility, and Thermal Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol through Natural Polymer Blending: An Approach toward Sustainable Polymer Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2141. [PMID: 39125167 PMCID: PMC11314078 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating environmental crisis posed by single-use plastics underscores the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. This study provides an approach to introduce biodegradable polymer blends by blending synthetic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with natural polymers-corn starch (CS) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-to address this challenge. Through a comprehensive analysis, including of the structure, mechanical strength, water solubility, biodegradability, and thermal properties, we investigated the enhanced performance of PVA-CS and PVA-HPMC blends over conventional polymers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) findings of pure PVA and its blends were studied, and we found a complete homogeneity between the PVA and both types of natural polymers in the case of a high concentration of PVA, whereas at lower concentration of PVA, some granules of CS and HMPC appear in the SEM. Blending corn starch (CS) with PVA significantly boosts its biodegradability in soil environments, since adding starch of 50 w/w duplicates the rate of PVA biodegradation. Incorporating hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with PVA not only improves water solubility but also enhances biodegradation rates, as the addition of HPMC increases the biodegradation of pure PVA from 10 to 100% and raises the water solubility from 80 to 100%, highlighting the significant acceleration of the biodegradation process and water solubility caused by HPMC addition, making these blends suitable for a wide range of applications, from packaging and agricultural films to biomedical engineering. The thermal properties of pure PVA and its blends with natural were studied using diffraction scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is found that the glass transition temperature (Tg) increases after adding natural polymers to PVA, referring to an improvement in the molecular weight and intermolecular interactions between blend molecules. Moreover, the amorphous structure of natural polymers makes the melting temperature ™ lessen after adding natural polymer, so the blends require lower temperature to remelt and be recycled again. For the mechanical properties, both types of natural polymer decrease the tensile strength and elongation at break, which overall weakens the mechanical properties of PVA. Our findings offer a promising pathway for the development of environmentally friendly polymers that do not compromise on performance, marking a significant step forward in polymer science's contribution to sustainability. This work presents detailed experimental and theoretical insights into novel polymerization methods and the utilization of biological strategies for advanced material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah S. Elgharbawy
- Materials Science Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, 163 Horrya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (A.S.E.)
- The Egyptian Ethylene and Derivatives Company (Ethydco), Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Ghaffar M. El Demerdash
- Materials Science Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, 163 Horrya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (A.S.E.)
| | - Wagih A. Sadik
- Materials Science Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, 163 Horrya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (A.S.E.)
| | - Mosaad A. Kasaby
- Materials Science Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, 163 Horrya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (A.S.E.)
| | - Ahmed H. Lotfy
- Materials Science Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, 163 Horrya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (A.S.E.)
| | - Ahmed I. Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
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Estrada-Girón Y, Fernández-Escamilla VVA, Martín-del-Campo A, González-Nuñez R, Canché-Escamilla G, Uribe-Calderón J, Tepale N, Aguilar J, Moscoso-Sánchez FJ. Characterization of Polylactic Acid Biocomposites Filled with Native Starch Granules from Dioscorea remotiflora Tubers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:899. [PMID: 38611157 PMCID: PMC11013063 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biocomposites were fabricated utilizing polylactic acid (PLA) combined with native starch sourced from mountain's yam (Dioscorea remotiflora Knuth), an underexplored tuber variety. Different starch compositions (7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 wt.%) were blended with PLA in a batch mixer at 160 °C to produce PLA/starch biocomposites. The biocomposites were characterized by analyzing their morphology, particle size distribution, thermal, X-ray diffraction (XDR), mechanical, and dynamic mechanical (DMA) properties, water absorption behavior, and color. The results showed that the amylose content of Dioscorea remotiflora starch was 48.43 ± 1.4%, which corresponds to a high-amylose starch (>30% of amylose). Particle size analysis showed large z-average particle diameters (Dz0) of the starch granules (30.59 ± 3.44 μm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed oval-shaped granules evenly distributed throughout the structure of the biocomposite, without observable agglomeration or damage to its structure. XDR and DMA analyses revealed an increase in the crystallinity of the biocomposites as the proportion of the starch increased. The tensile modulus (E) underwent a reduction, whereas the flexural modulus (Eflex) increased with the amount of starch incorporated. The biocomposites with the highest Eflex were those with a starch content of 22.5 wt.%, which increased by 8.7% compared to the neat PLA. The water absorption of the biocomposites demonstrated a higher uptake capacity as the starch content increased. The rate of water absorption in the biocomposites followed the principles of Fick's Law. The novelty of this work lies in its offering an alternative for the use of high-amylose mountain's yam starch to produce low-cost bioplastics for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yokiushirdhilgilmara Estrada-Girón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Col. Olímpica, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Víctor Vladimir Amílcar Fernández-Escamilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Angelina Martín-del-Campo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Col. Olímpica, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rubén González-Nuñez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Col. Olímpica, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Canché-Escamilla
- Unidad Académica de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Jorge Uribe-Calderón
- Unidad Académica de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Nancy Tepale
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur S/N, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jacobo Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Moscoso-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Col. Olímpica, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
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Mahesh B, Lokesh H, Kathyayani D, Sionkowska A, Gowda DC, Adamiak K. Interaction between synthetic elastin-like polypeptide and collagen: Investigation of miscibility and physicochemical properties. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Flaxseed mucilage/calcium phosphate composites as bioactive material for bone tissue regeneration. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBiocompatible polymers are attractive material for the manufacturing of surgical implants which break down in vivo without the necessity for a consequent operation for removal. Elaboration of composite biomaterials scaffolds as artificial bone graft materials remains a major task in bioengineering. Flaxseed mucilage was used as bioactive polysaccharide for preparing composite scaffolds made of calcium phosphate embedded in mucilage matrix. Calcium chloride was mixed with mucilage followed by the addition of phosphate precursor to stimulate the in situ formation of calcium phosphate. The obtained scaffolds mucilage/calcium phosphate at different pHs (5 and 8) were characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM/EDX and TEM. The results showed the formation of two phases: mucilage/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (MU/brushite) and mucilage/hydroxyapatite (MU/HA). MTT test was applied to evaluate viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cells, and the formed hybrids at various pH conditions were classified as non-cytotoxic. These findings establish the potential of developed composite to be used as bone graft substitute materials.
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Zhang T, Yue Y, Hou M, Tong Y, Lu Z, Yang L, Liu P. Oxidation and ordering of fine structure of corn starch under an ultrahigh magnetic field. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 297:120029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Sandhu KS, Siroha AK, Punia S, Sangwan L, Nehra M, Purewal SS. Effect of degree of cross linking on physicochemical, rheological and morphological properties of Sorghum starch. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Preparation of floating polymer-valsartan delivery systems using supercritical CO2. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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