Cadmium electrodeposition on copper substrate for cyclotron production of 111In radionuclide

Simple and efficient method for producing high radionuclidic purity 111In using enriched 112Cd target

In this work, a simple and efficient method for producing high radionuclidic purity ¹¹¹In from an enriched ¹¹²Cd target was developed. The enriched ¹¹²Cd metal target formed by cyanide-free electroplating was bombarded with protons of 21 MeV in a CS-30 cyclotron. Then, we explored a purification scheme using CL-P204 cation exchange resin wherein 98% of the ¹¹¹In in the bombarded target could be extracted in less than 1 h. The purified ¹¹¹In in the form of [¹¹¹In]In-chloride had a high radionuclidic purity (99.9%) and a low impurity concentration (<1.2 ppm). The yield of ¹¹¹In via the reaction of ¹¹²Cd (p, 2n) ¹¹¹In was measured to be 222 ± 5 MBq/μA∙h. In addition, a chemical procedure for collecting the unreacted ¹¹²Cd at a recovery rate of 96.6% was explored.

Modeling and experimental data of zirconium-89 production yield

The radionuclide zirconium-89 can be employed for the positron emission tomography (PET). In this study ⁸⁹Zr excitation function via ⁸⁹Y(p,n)⁸⁹Zr reaction was calculated by the TALYS-1.8 code based on microscopic level density model. The formation of ⁸⁹Zr was simulated using the Monte Carlo simulation code MCNPX to calculate the integral yield in the ⁸⁹Y target body for threshold up to 40MeV incident-proton energy. The target thickness was based on calculation of the stopping power using the SRIM-2013 code matched to any incident-proton energy. The production yield of the ⁸⁹Zr simulated with the Monte Carlo method for the ⁸⁹Y(p,n)⁸⁹Zr, ⁸⁹Y(d,2n)⁸⁹Zr, ^natSr(α,xn)⁸⁹Zr and ^natZr(p,pxn)⁸⁹Zr reactions and the results were in good agreement with published experimental results for the optimum energy range. An experimental yield of 53.1MB/µA for the 15MeV proton-induced on Y₂O₃ powder as a disk-target obtained for 1h irradiation at the AMIRS cyclotron.

Radiolabeled Dendrimers for Nuclear Medicine Applications

Recent advances in nuclear medicine have explored nanoscale carriers for targeted delivery of various radionuclides in specific manners to improve the effect of diagnosis and therapy of diseases. Due to the unique molecular architecture allowing facile attachment of targeting ligands and radionuclides, dendrimers provide versatile platforms in this filed to build abundant multifunctional radiolabeled nanoparticles for nuclear medicine applications. This review gives special focus to recent advances in dendrimer-based nuclear medicine agents for the imaging and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases. Radiolabeling strategies for different radionuclides and several challenges involved in clinical translation of radiolabeled dendrimers are extensively discussed.

Production and purification of Scandium-47: A potential radioisotope for cancer theranostics

In this study, production of ⁴⁷Sc radionuclide by irradiating the natural titanium dioxide powder (TiO₂) in the fast neutron flux (~3*10¹³ncm^-2s^-1) for 4 days in Tehran Research Reactor (TRR, Iran) and separation from titanium target was investigated. The study showed the feasibility of production ⁴⁷Sc by TRR. The separation efficiency and radiochemical purity (ScCl₃) of radio-scandium, ⁴⁷Sc radionuclide purity were obtained 98%, 99% and 88% respectively.