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Manitsa I, Gregory AM, Broome MR, Bagshaw AP, Marwaha S, Morales-Muñoz I. Shorter night-time sleep duration and later sleep timing from infancy to adolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38708717 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here, we (a) examined the trajectories of night-time sleep duration, bedtime and midpoint of night-time sleep (MPS) from infancy to adolescence, and (b) explored perinatal risk factors for persistent poor sleep health. METHODS This study used data from 12,962 participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Parent or self-reported night-time sleep duration, bedtime and wake-up time were collected from questionnaires at 6, 18 and 30 months, and at 3.5, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 9, 11 and 15-16 years. Child's sex, birth weight, gestational age, health and temperament, together with mother's family adversity index (FAI), age at birth, prenatal socioeconomic status and postnatal anxiety and depression, were included as risk factors for persistent poor sleep health. Latent class growth analyses were applied first to detect trajectories of night-time sleep duration, bedtime and MPS, and we then applied logistic regressions for the longitudinal associations between risk factors and persistent poor sleep health domains. RESULTS We obtained four trajectories for each of the three sleep domains. In particular, we identified a trajectory characterized by persistent shorter sleep, a trajectory of persistent later bedtime and a trajectory of persistent later MPS. Two risk factors were associated with the three poor sleep health domains: higher FAI with increased risk of persistent shorter sleep (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.11-1.30, p < .001), persistent later bedtime (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.19-1.39, p < .001) and persistent later MPS (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.22-1.38, p < .001); and higher maternal socioeconomic status with reduced risk of persistent shorter sleep (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-1.00, p = .048), persistent later bedtime (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97-0.99, p < .001) and persistent later MPS (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-0.99, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS We detected trajectories of persistent poor sleep health (i.e. shorter sleep duration, later bedtime and later MPS) from infancy to adolescence, and specific perinatal risk factors linked to persistent poor sleep health domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Manitsa
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alice M Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
| | - Matthew R Broome
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew P Bagshaw
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Specialist Mood Disorders Clinic, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabel Morales-Muñoz
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Overman ML, Vrijkotte T, Sánchez Castro YM, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Hunsberger M, Renders CM, Kremers SPJ, Chinapaw MJM. The cross-sectional association of parental psychosocial status with children's Body Mass Index z-score and the mediating role of children's energy balance behaviors - the ABCD Study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302147. [PMID: 38683830 PMCID: PMC11057752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the cross-sectional association between the psychosocial status of mothers and fathers and the BMI z-scores of their 10 to 12-year-old children. Explore whether this association is mediated by children's diet, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Analyze the moderating effect of the educational levels of both the mother and father on the association. DESIGN In a cross-sectional study design, children's height and weight were measured following a standardized protocol. Parents completed the validated Depression Anxiety and Stress questionnaire, while diet quality, sports participation, time spent in bed and screen time were assessed through child-report using previously validated questions. PARTICIPANTS The data for this study were obtained from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, involving children aged 10 to 12 years and both of their parents (N = 1315). RESULTS The majority, 80%, of the parents were highly educated and born in the Netherlands, and 68% of the children had a healthy BMI. Maternal or paternal psychosocial status was not significantly associated with children's BMI z-score (maternal β -0.0037; 95% CI: -0.008 to 0.0007, paternal β 0.0028; 95% CI: -0.007 to 0.002). Screen time mediated the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score (β = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.002; 0.020). Children's diet, physical activity, and sleep did not mediate the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score. Parental educational level was not a moderator. CONCLUSIONS This research is unique in including four energy balance behaviors and including both mothers and fathers' psychosocial status. Children withfathers experiencing poorer psychosocial status engaged in more screen time which partly explained their higher BMI z-score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. Overman
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vrijkotte
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda M. Sánchez Castro
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet W. Harskamp-van Ginkel
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Hunsberger
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carry M. Renders
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stef P. J. Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mai J. M. Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gruszka P, Ganahl K, Stasch N, Burger C, Haberlandt E, Bauer SM. Parental anxiety and depression are associated with adverse mental health in children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1254277. [PMID: 38074710 PMCID: PMC10699309 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1254277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to restrictions in various areas of life, including social life, work, leisure, health, and education. Vulnerable groups, such as children with special needs and their parents, may be at increased risk of experiencing exacerbated mental health problems during stressful periods such as the COVID-19 lockdowns. Materials and methods Telephone interviews were conducted with 954 parents of children with special needs. We assessed parental levels of generalized anxiety and depression using the validated GAD-7 and PHQ-8 scales. Parents were asked to rate family burden and their worry about the COVID-19 crisis, as well as their children's adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors. Parents also reported their children's worries about the COVID-19 crisis. We conducted regressions to examine the relationship between parents' mental health problems and their children's adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors. Qualitative data from open-ended questions were coded thematically and major themes of parental worry about the COVID-19 crisis were identified. Results Parental anxiety and depression symptoms predicted adverse mental health symptoms and behaviors in children with special needs. Criteria for current depression were met by 7.9% of parents of children with special needs, whereas 4.7% of the general population in Vorarlberg met the criteria for current depression according to data from the Austrian Health Interview Survey in 2019. Parental self-ratings of both depression and anxiety were highly correlated. The majority of parents reported being burdened (79.1%) or worried (67.8%) about the COVID-19 crisis. The main themes of parental worry about the COVID-19 crisis included COVID-19 infection (40.6%), economic situation (13.1%), uncertainty (8.4%), lack of social contact with family and friends (8.1%), family health status (7.5%), and school life (7.5%). Discussion Mental health symptoms in parents of children with special needs were strongly associated with increased adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors in their children. Parents of children with special needs were more likely to be depressed during the COVID-19 pandemic than adults in 2019. We call for additional mental health support to reduce the mental health burden in families with children with special needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gruszka
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Kristin Ganahl
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Nicole Stasch
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Christoph Burger
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Edda Haberlandt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Dornbirn, Dornbirn, Austria
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A Link between Parental Psychopathology and Preschool Depression: Take Care of Parents to Take Care of Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10010150. [PMID: 36670700 PMCID: PMC9857282 DOI: 10.3390/children10010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a lot of evidence in the literature showing that early-onset depression determines an emotional and cognitive vulnerability for psychiatric disorders in subsequent years. AIMS The first aim of this outcome research was to analyze the impact of parental support treatment in a sample of depressed preschool children divided into two groups of comparison (under-reactive and over-reactive) through evolution in the Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The second aim was to analyze the correlation between the presence of parental psychopathology and the severity of children's disorders. METHODS Our clinical sample consisted of 32 preschool-age children with a final diagnosis of MDD. The children's assessment included a psychiatric assessment to establish a diagnosis of MDD, confirmed by means of a semi-structured interview, which was administered again one month after the end of parental treatment. All the parents began a six-month parent training treatment conducted by experienced child psychiatrists, whereas children were not treated. During this period, the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) was filled out monthly in order to observe the evolution of the children's disorders. RESULTS Post-hoc tests showed a significant difference from before the treatment to after the treatment only in the over-reactive group (p = 0.00). Regarding parental psychiatric disorders, in the over-reactive group, only 3 children had no parents with psychopathology. In the under-reactive group, no child lacked a parent with psychopathology. CONCLUSION Parent training treatment seems to be a valid intervention to improve preschool depression, especially in over-reactive groups, and to prevent dysfunctional parental styles connected to parental psychopathology.
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Dai Y, Trout KK, Liu J. Perinatal Physiological and Psychological Risk Factors and Childhood Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022; 43:e629-e644. [PMID: 36067425 PMCID: PMC10002289 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal physiological and psychological factors during pregnancy and after birth on infant and children's sleep outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched from inception to April 2021. Longitudinal studies that investigated the association of risk factors during and after pregnancy and children's sleep-related outcomes were included. Hedge's g and odds ratio were pooled as effect size with random effects model. RESULTS A total of 32 articles were included. Both prenatal maternal alcohol use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-3.28) and tobacco smoking (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) were associated with shorter child sleep duration. Prenatal and postnatal maternal depression symptoms were associated with increased child sleep problems at age 6 months (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19-3.24, and 2.05, 95% CI: 1.37-3.07, respectively). Prenatal and postnatal maternal major depression disorders were associated with shorter sleep duration (Hedge's g = -0.97, 95% CI: -1.57 to -0.37) and lower sleep efficiency (Hedge's g = -1.44, 95% CI: -1.93 to -0.95). Prenatal anxiety had no impact on child sleep problems (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.86-2.10). CONCLUSION Maternal pregnancy and obstetric factors and psychological factors are potential risk factors of poor child sleep health. Future research is warranted to better understand the impact of these risk factors on long-term child sleep outcomes and their potential mediating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Cha K. A Longitudinal Approach to the Relationships Among Sleep, Behavioral Adjustment, and Maternal Depression in Preschoolers. Front Psychol 2022; 13:819657. [PMID: 35496247 PMCID: PMC9043319 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.819657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between children’s sleep duration (SD) and problems (SPs), behavioral adjustment [externalizing behaviors (EB) and internalizing behaviors (IB)], and maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) in preschoolers over a period of 3 years (4–6 years of age). For this purpose, latent growth modeling (LGM) was conducted using 2012(W5) to 2014(W7) data from the National Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), while controlling for family contextual factors (i.e., responsive parenting, developmental stimulations, and marital conflict) and child temperament (children’s negative emotionality). First, children who slept longer at four were concurrently associated with lower levels of EB, while more SPs were associated with higher levels of EB and IB, concurrently. Second, greater decreases in SPs were associated with greater decline in EB and IB. Higher levels of MDS at four were associated with higher levels of child EB, IB, and SPs, concurrently. However, no longitudinal associations were found between the rates of change in MDS and children’s sleep and adjustment (EB and IB). Finally, the magnitude of the associations among the variables was greater overall in the SPs models than in the SD models. These findings suggest that addressing sleep problems, rather than sleep duration, seem to be more important in predicting and preventing young children’s adjustment problems and also that more attention should be paid to MDS during preschool years as much as during the postpartum period for better child adjustment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijoo Cha
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
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Perez A, Göbel A, Stuhrmann LY, Schepanski S, Singer D, Bindt C, Mudra S. Born Under COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions: Infant Regulatory Problems and Maternal Mental Health at 7 Months Postpartum. Front Psychol 2022; 12:805543. [PMID: 35153928 PMCID: PMC8826543 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.805543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-COVID-19 pandemic and its associated disease control restrictions have in multiple ways affected families with young children, who may be especially vulnerable to mental health problems. Studies report an increase in perinatal parental distress as well as symptoms of anxiety or depression in children during the pandemic. Currently, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on infants and their development. Infant regulatory problems (RPs) have been identified as early indicators of child socio-emotional development, strongly associated with maternal mental health and the early parent-infant interaction. Our study investigates whether early parenthood under COVID-19 is associated with more maternal depressive symptoms and with a perception of their infants as having more RPs regarding crying/fussing, sleeping, or eating, compared to mothers assessed before the pandemic. METHODS As part of a longitudinal study, 65 women who had given birth during the first nationwide disease control restrictions in Northern Germany, were surveyed at 7 months postpartum and compared to 97 women assessed before the pandemic. RPs and on maternal depressive symptoms were assessed by maternal report. Number of previous children, infant negative emotionality, and perceived social support were assessed as control variables. RESULTS Compared to the control cohort, infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic and those of mothers with higher depressive symptoms were perceived as having more sleeping and crying, but not more eating problems. Regression-based analyses showed no additional moderating effect of parenthood under COVID-19 on the association of depressive symptoms with RPs. Infant negative emotionality was positively, and number of previous children was negatively associated with RPs. LIMITATIONS Due to the small sample size and cross-sectional assessment, the possibility for more complex multivariate analysis was limited. The use of parent-report questionnaires to assess infant RPs can support but not replace clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic conditions affecting everyday life may have a long-term influence on impaired infant self- and maternal co-regulation and on maternal mental health. This should be addressed in peripartum and pediatric care. Qualitative and longitudinal studies focusing on long-term parental and infant outcomes under ongoing pandemic conditions are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Perez
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Göbel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lydia Yao Stuhrmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven Schepanski
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Singer
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carola Bindt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Mudra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Zhao T, Xuan K, Liu H, Chen X, Qu G, Wu Y, Zhang J, Sun Y. Sleep disturbances and correlates among a sample of preschool children in rural China. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2022; 20:123-136. [PMID: 38469069 PMCID: PMC10900050 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-021-00348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the prevalence of sleep disturbances among preschool children in rural areas of China and identify the underlying associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Anhui Province, China, from September 2019 to January 2020. The caregivers of children from 26 kindergartens completed the demographic questionnaire, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the adapted Identification and Management of Feeding Difficulties (IMFeD) tool. One-way analysis of variance, independent-samples t-test, and hierarchical multiple linear regression were conducted to explore the potential influencing factors of sleep disturbances in preschool children. For the specific sleep disturbances based on each subscale of the CSHQ, bedtime resistance (54.9%) and sleep anxiety (47.9%) were the most common types of sleep disturbances, followed by daytime sleepiness (21.3%), sleep duration (20.8%), parasomnias (16.5%), sleep-onset delay (12.6%), night wakings (12.2%) and sleep-disordered breathing (10.3%). The ages of children, children's emotional/behavioral problems, children's feeding difficulties, inconsistent parenting attitudes of parents, poor parenting styles, non-parent caregivers, and caregiver anxiety contributed significantly to the CSHQ total score, accounting for approximately 27.1% (R2 = 0.271) of the variance. Our study indicates that the prevalence of sleep disturbances among preschool children in rural areas of China is quite high. Furthermore, the potential risk factors are complicated, including factors related to both children and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Kun Xuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Yile Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 Anhui China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital/Children’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230051 Anhui China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
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Dalla Vecchia LA, De Maria B, Cassetti G, Clementi L, De Grazia V, Perego F, Porta A. How the first years of motherhood impact the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals: a study by heart rate variability analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8161. [PMID: 33854133 PMCID: PMC8047021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The conciliation between career and family is a relevant issue for working women, in particular during the first years of motherhood. Data about the state of the cardiac autonomic regulation in working women with preschoolers are lacking. Aim of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers via the analysis of the variability of the time distance between two consecutive R-wave peaks (RR) from standard 24-h Holter electrocardiogram (ECG). Fifty healthy active female healthcare professionals were enrolled: 25 with at least one preschooler (W_KID) and 25 without (W_NOKID). A standard Holter ECG was obtained during a regular working day. Segments of 5000 consecutive RRs were selected during daytime (DAY) and nighttime (NIGHT). Heart rate variability analysis was performed and the following parameters were considered for comparison between the two groups: mean (μRR), variance (σ2RR), and the absolute power in high frequency component (HF) of RR (HFRR) series. HFRR was considered as a marker of vagal cardiac modulation. Only µRR significantly increased from DAY to NIGHT in both groups (699 ± 88 vs 887 ± 140 ms in W_KID and 728 ± 90 vs 942 ± 166 ms in W_NOKID). Instead, σ2RR and HFRR increased from DAY to NIGHT only in W_NOKID (from 3334 ± 2153 to 4816 ± 4063 ms2 and from 356 ± 334 to 1397 ± 1629 ms2, respectively). W_KID showed lower σ2RR and HFRR during NIGHT, compared to W_NOKID (2336 ± 3170 vs 4816 ± 4063 ms2 and 556 ± 950 vs 1397 ± 1629 ms2, respectively). The perceived stress according to the visual analogue scale was similar in the two groups (4.7 ± 2.1 in W_KID, 5.7 ± 2.1 in W_NOKID). The presence of preschoolers lowered nocturnal cardiac vagal modulation in female healthcare professionals. This might represent an adaptation with a finalistic purpose, scilicet the facilitation of a prompt reaction in case of a child’s need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatrice De Maria
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cassetti
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Clementi
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria De Grazia
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Perego
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Wang P, Sun X, Li W, Wang Z, He S, Zhai F, Xin Y, Pan L, Wang G, Jiang F, Chen J. Mental Health of Parents and Preschool-Aged Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Harsh Parenting and Child Sleep Disturbances. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:746330. [PMID: 34912251 PMCID: PMC8666595 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.746330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, mental health problems of parents and children have become a public issue. Herein, we explored the association between parental well-being index and child mental health problems during the pandemic and the mediating role of harsh parenting and child sleep disturbances. An online survey was conducted among 16,398 parents of children aged 3-6 years (48.1% girls, Mage = 4.69 years, SDage = 0.75 years) from March 15 to 29, 2020. Child mental health (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ), sleep problems (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, CSHQ), and parental well-being index (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index, WHO-5), and harsh parenting were reported by parents. The results revealed that a higher parental well-being index was associated with lower child mental health problems. Harsh parenting and child sleep problems were significant mediators within the association. This study indicates the association between parental well-being index and child mental health during the pandemic and underlying mechanism, and has important implications for reducing parental and child mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Xin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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