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He D, Li L, Zhang H, Liu F, Li S, Xiu X, Fan C, Qi M, Meng M, Ye J, Mort M, Stenson PD, Cooper DN, Zhao H. Accurate identification of genes associated with brain disorders by integrating heterogeneous genomic data into a Bayesian framework. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105286. [PMID: 39168091 PMCID: PMC11382033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed many brain disorder-associated SNPs residing in the noncoding genome, rendering it a challenge to decipher the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. METHODS Here, we present an unsupervised Bayesian framework to identify disease-associated genes by integrating risk SNPs with long-range chromatin interactions (iGOAT), including SNP-SNP interactions extracted from ∼500,000 patients and controls from the UK Biobank, and enhancer-promoter interactions derived from multiple brain cell types at different developmental stages. FINDINGS The application of iGOAT to three psychiatric disorders and three neurodegenerative/neurological diseases predicted sets of high-risk (HRGs) and low-risk (LRGs) genes for each disorder. The HRGs were enriched in drug targets, and exhibited higher expression during prenatal brain developmental stages than postnatal stages, indicating their potential to affect brain development at an early stage. The HRGs associated with Alzheimer's disease were found to share genetic architecture with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder according to gene co-expression module analysis and rare variants analysis. Comparisons of this method to the eQTL-based method, the TWAS-based method, and the gene-level GWAS method indicated that the genes identified by our method are more enriched in known brain disorder-related genes, and exhibited higher precision. Finally, the method predicted 205 risk genes not previously reported to be associated with any brain disorder, of which one top-risk gene, MLH1, was experimentally validated as being schizophrenia-associated. INTERPRETATION iGOAT can successfully leverage epigenomic data, phenotype-genotype associations, and protein-protein interactions to advance our understanding of brain disorders, thereby facilitating the development of new therapeutic approaches. FUNDING The work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFF1204902), the Natural Science Foundation of China (82371482), Guangzhou Science and Technology Research Plan (2023A03J0659) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (2024A1515011363).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan He
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huasong Zhang
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuehao Xiu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Cong Fan
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengling Qi
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meng Meng
- School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junping Ye
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Matthew Mort
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Peter D Stenson
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Hanson M, Hellem T, Alexander-Ruff J, Newcomer SR. Systematic Review of Barriers to and Facilitators of Screening for Postpartum Depression at Well-Child Visits in the United States. Nurs Womens Health 2024; 28:213-221. [PMID: 38518811 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and evaluate barriers to and facilitators of screening for postpartum depression (PPD) during well-child visits in the United States. Additionally, to describe prior work on PPD screening tool evaluation and outcomes from PPD screenings conducted within the well-child setting. DATA SOURCES A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five databases (Pub Med, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) were searched. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials, case studies, cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, qualitative studies, and quasi-experimental studies conducted in the United States were included. The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria Tool (QualSyst) was used to assess the methodologic quality of each included study. DATA EXTRACTION Sample, setting, methods, screening tools used, location of study setting, intervention, and salient findings were extracted and summarized for further analysis and synthesis. DATA SYNTHESIS Quantitative studies were rated on 14 aspects, and qualitative studies were rated on 10 aspects, per QualSyst. Studies received a score of 2, 1, 0, or not applicable based on scoring criteria, with higher scores indicating greater methodologic quality. CONCLUSION We found that barriers to PPD screening included concerns regarding time for screening, adequate training, and limited ability for referral. Facilitators of PPD screening included electronic prompts for providers, as well as tool availability and familiarity. Our results indicate that education and training about PPD screening in the pediatric setting are important next steps in addressing the rising concern of PPD in the United States.
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Wu PC, de Banate MA, Kim H, Viner-Brown S, High P. The Association Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Toddlers' Developmental and Behavioral Problems: A Population-Based Study. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:494-505. [PMID: 37309802 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231179672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the developmental-behavioral profiles of 2-year-olds of mothers who experienced postpartum and/or current depression with profiles of toddlers of mothers without depression at either time using population-based Rhode Island data. Weighted data from Rhode Island Department of Health's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and Rhode Island's follow-up Toddlers Wellness Overview Survey distributed to mothers giving birth between 2006 and 2008 were analyzed. Compared with non-depressed mothers, those with any depression following childbirth reported more concerns with their toddlers' receptive language, social-emotional development, and their sleep and feeding behaviors. When adjusted for demographics, persistent depression remained associated with social-emotional (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.53, 2.78-20.34) and feeding concerns (aOR = 3.13, 1.36-7.22), and current depression was associated with social-emotional concerns (aOR = 2.52, 1.26-5.01). We conclude that pediatric providers should explore maternal mental health as a mediating and potentially modifiable factor beyond the postpartum period when toddlers present with developmental-behavioral challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital/Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mary Ann de Banate
- Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital/Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hanna Kim
- Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Pamela High
- Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital/Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Agarwal PK, Xie H, Sathyapalan Rema AS, Tay EGH, Meaney MJ, Godfrey KM, Cai S, Chen HY, Chong YS, Rajadurai VS, Daniel LM. Exploring the validity of the ASQ-SE for socio-emotional competency screening of a low-risk Asian cohort at 2 years of age. Early Hum Dev 2024; 190:105951. [PMID: 38301335 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the Ages & Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE)'s concurrent validity in a low-risk Singapore cohort and study its association with maternal mental health status. METHODS Concurrent validity of the parent-filled ASQ-SE with Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL1.5-5) was evaluated in 341 children at age 24 months. Data on maternal anxiety and depression were collected using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Version (BDI-II). ASQ-SE cut-off scores based on receiver operating characteristic curve were compared to CBCL scores to derive a local ASQ-SE "at risk" cut-off score. Correlations of ASQ-SE with CBCL scores and with maternal STAI and BDI scores were evaluated using Pearson coefficients. RESULTS Using a cut-off score of 51 at 24 months, ASQ-SE had acceptable concurrent validity, with an AUC of 0.819(0.765-0.872), 70 % sensitivity and 79 % specificity. Mothers of children with "at-risk" ASQ-SE scores had significantly higher STAI and BDI-II scores. ASQ-SE had moderate- high correlations (r = 0.32-0.53) (p < .01) with CBCL scores at 24 and 48 months and with maternal mental health status(r = 0.32). INTERPRETATION ASQ-SE can be a useful tool for screening child's socio-emotional competence for primary health care use in Singapore Dyadic mental health screening would be helpful in identifying families at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Keshav Agarwal
- Dept of Child Development, KK Women's and Children's Hospital Singapore, Singapore; Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Huichao Xie
- Psychology and Child & Human Development, Nanyang Technological University National Institute of Education, Singapore
| | | | - Ellen Ghim Hoon Tay
- Dept of Child Development, KK Women's and Children's Hospital Singapore, Singapore; Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Life course Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helen Yu Chen
- Dept of Psychological Medicine (Mental Wellness Services), KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Victor Samuel Rajadurai
- Dept of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital Singapore, Singapore; Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Lourdes Mary Daniel
- Dept of Child Development, KK Women's and Children's Hospital Singapore, Singapore; Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Segre G, Clavenna A, Roberti E, Scarpellini F, Cartabia M, Pandolfini C, Tessarollo V, Costantino I, Bonati M. Pediatrician and parental evaluation of child neurodevelopment at 2 years of age. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:137. [PMID: 38388376 PMCID: PMC10882900 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early identification of infants with a risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in the first few years of life is essential for better developmental outcomes. Screenings should be carried out by combining the family pediatricians' and parents' perspectives, the two fundamental sources of information on children's health. The present study has three aims: (a) to test the feasibility of parent-report instruments to detect warning signs in their children's development; (b) to ascertain whether there is an agreement between the family pediatricians' (FP) clinical judgments of warning signs and the parental perceptions; (c) to determine whether there is a link between parents' distress and child development. METHODS Within the NASCITA birth cohort, in addition to the family pediatrician's clinical evaluation with routine tools, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised (M-CHAT-R) was completed by parents to assess the child's language, social skills, behavior, and sensory areas. Parents were also asked to complete the Parenting Stress Index, Short Form (PSI-SF) to verify the magnitude of stress in the parent-child system. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the association between child and parental characteristics and the presence of warning signs. RESULTS The follow-up assessment was completed for 435 infants: 69 (15.8%) presented warning signs: 43 in the pediatrician's assessment and 36 in the M-CHAT-R (10 in both). A total of 16 children (14 with warning signs) received a diagnosis after a specialist evaluation. Being male (OR 2.46, 95%CI: 1.23-4.91) and having sleep disorders (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.17-5.04) was associated with a greater likelihood of warning signs in the multivariate analysis, while reading aloud was a protective factor (not exposed versus exposed (OR = 3.14; 95% CI 1.60-6.17). For 73 children (18.4%), at least one parent tested positive for PSI-SF. An increased prevalence of parental distress was observed in children with warning signs (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.27-4.37). CONCLUSIONS Integrating physician and parental perspectives during well-child visits and in clinical practice appears feasible and can improve the identification of children at risk of developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Segre
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Antonio Clavenna
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Elisa Roberti
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Francesca Scarpellini
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
- Centro Psicodiagnostico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Cartabia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Chiara Pandolfini
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Valeria Tessarollo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Costantino
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bonati
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Developing Age, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, 20156, Italy.
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Takahashi I, Obara T, Kikuchi S, Kobayashi M, Ishikuro M, Murakami K, Ueno F, Noda A, Onuma T, Matsuzaki F, Kobayashi N, Hamada H, Iwama N, Saito M, Sugawara J, Tomita H, Kure S, Yaegashi N, Kuriyama S. Association between maternal psychological distress and children's neurodevelopment in offspring aged 4 years in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. J Paediatr Child Health 2023; 59:548-554. [PMID: 36751990 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM An association between maternal psychological distress and children's development has been reported, but reports from Japan are limited. This study aimed to examine the association of maternal psychological distress with children's neurodevelopment in Japan. METHODS The study assessed data of 7646 mother-infant pairs in the Japanese population. We used Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, a screening tool for psychological distress, to assess maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and 2 years postpartum and divided it into four categories: none in both the pre-natal and post-natal periods, only the pre-natal period, only the post-natal period and both the pre-natal and post-natal periods. Children's neurodevelopment was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaires Third Edition (ASQ-3) at 4 years of age. ASQ-3 comprises five domains (communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social), and the score of less than -2 standard deviation relative to the mean in reference was defined as having developmental delay. We conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine the association between maternal psychological distress and children's neurodevelopment. RESULTS The prevalence of developmental delay of communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social were 4.0%, 4.3%, 4.9%, 3.8% and 4.6%, respectively. Maternal psychological distress in only the postpartum period and both pre-natal and postpartum periods were associated with risks of developmental delay in all domains. Maternal psychological distress in only the pre-natal period was associated with developmental delay in communication. CONCLUSIONS Maternal psychological distress is associated with risks of children's developmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Obara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Saya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mami Ishikuro
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Murakami
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aoi Noda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomi Onuma
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumiko Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Hamada
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Iwama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tomita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Prenatal depression exposure alters white matter integrity and neurodevelopment in early childhood. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1324-1336. [PMID: 35000066 PMCID: PMC9107412 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to maternal depression increases the risk for onset of emotional and behavioral disorders in children. We investigated the effects of exposure to prenatal depression on white matter microstructural integrity at birth and at 2-3 years, and associated neurodevelopment. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired for children of the Drakenstein Child Health Study at 2-4 weeks postpartum (n=70, 47% boys) and at 2-3 years of age (n=60, 58% boys). Tract-Based Spatial Statistics was used to compare, using an ROI based approach, diffusion tensor metrics across groups defined by presence (>19 on Beck's Depression Inventory and/or >12 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) or absence (below depression thresholds) of depression, and associations with neurodevelopmental measures at age 2-3 years were determined. We did not detect group differences in white matter integrity at neonatal age, but at 2-3 years, children in the exposed group demonstrated higher fractional anisotropy, and lower mean and radial diffusivity in association tracts compared to controls. This was notable in the sagittal stratum (radial diffusivity: p<0.01). Altered white matter integrity metrics were also observed in projection tracts, including the corona radiata, which associated with cognitive and motor outcomes in exposed 2-3-year-olds (p<0.05). Our findings of widespread white matter alterations in 2-3-year-old children with prenatal exposure to depression are consistent with previous findings, as well as with neuroimaging findings in adults with major depression. Further, we identified novel associations of altered white matter integrity with cognitive development in depression-exposed children, suggesting that these neuroimaging findings may have early functional impact.
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Costa P, Forni E, Amato I, Sassaki RL. Fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento na primeiríssima infância durante a pandemia por COVID-19. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0196pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento de crianças menores de três anos durante a pandemia por COVID-19. Método: Estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizado em três centros de educação infantil na cidade de São Paulo em outubro de 2020. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário online. Os fatores de risco e proteção foram mensurados com o instrumento Primeira Infância Para Adultos Saudáveis e o status do desenvolvimento da criança foi aferido por meio do instrumento Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments – CREDI. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 108 responsáveis por crianças de até três anos. Morar com os avós e participar de programas de transferência de renda foram fatores de proteção para o desenvolvimento infantil. A família ser chefiada por mulher representou um fator de risco significativo para o desenvolvimento da criança. Conclusão: Ações intersetoriais de apoio às famílias chefiadas por mulheres e acesso aos programas de transferência de renda são essenciais para a promoção da equidade de oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de crianças na primeiríssima infância.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyn Forni
- Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas “Dr. João Amorim”, Brazil
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9
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Costa P, Forni E, Amato I, Sassaki RL. Risk and protective factors to early childhood development during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20220196. [PMID: 36197030 PMCID: PMC10085638 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0196en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the risk and protective factors to the development of children under three years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out in three early childhood education centers in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in October 2020. The data were collected with an online questionnaire. Risk and protection factors were measured with the Primeira Infância Para Adultos Saudáveis (Early Childhood For Healthy Adults) instrument and the children's development status was measured using the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments – CREDI. Results: The study included 108 parents and guardians of children up to three years of age. Living with grandparents and participating in cash transfer programs were protective factors for child development. The family being headed by a woman posed a significant risk factor for child development. Conclusion: Intersectoral actions to support families headed by women and access to cash transfer programs are essential for promoting equity opportunities for the development in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyn Forni
- Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas “Dr. João Amorim”, Brazil
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10
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Coo S, García MI, Mira A. Examining the association between subjective childbirth experience and maternal mental health at six months postpartum. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34672883 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1990233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Childbirth experience can have long-lasting effects on maternal wellbeing. BACKGROUND Positive childbirth experiences may strengthen maternal self-confidence, in contrast, negativeexperiences may promote a sense of failure or distrust. AIM To examine the contribution of maternal hospital childbirth experience on mental health at 6 months postpartum in a community-based, Chilean sample. An additional aim is to examine which childbirth-related aspects contribute to the global birth experience. METHODS One hundred and forty-eight women completed self-report measures of mental health during the third trimester of pregnancy and 3 and 6 months postpartum. At 3months after childbirth, subjective childbirth experience was assessed. Logistic regression analysis examined the contribution of childbirth experience to maternal mental health. FINDINGS Negative subjective experience of childbirth contributes to maternal depression and anxiety up to 6 months after childbirth, controlling for mental health during pregnancy and at 3 months postpartum. Quality of care from health professionals made the largest, statistically significant contribution to the global perception of childbirth. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Subjective experience of childbirth is a modifiable risk factor for the development of postpartum maternal depression and anxiety. Health providers in direct contact with childbearing women may promote maternal emotional wellbeing through sensitive and respectful care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Coo
- Facultad De Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrea Mira
- Facultad De Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
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Kang YQ, Lim TSH, Ragen ES, Tan MY, Aishworiya R. Managing Children's Anxiety During COVID-19 Pandemic: Strategies for Providers and Caregivers. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:552823. [PMID: 33281637 PMCID: PMC7688908 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.552823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic by virtue of its sudden, unprecedented and widespread nature, has led to a multitude of psychological effects on individuals across societies. This includes anxiety which has important implications on the daily functioning, physical and mental health of individuals. Children are a vulnerable group of the population who can experience anxiety which potentially can lead to long-lasting implications on their health for years to come. It is thus important that their caregivers, including parents and healthcare professionals be aware of strategies that can help with anxiety in children. This article discusses anxiety in children in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and outlines strategies that may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi Kang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tammy S H Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Sarah Ragen
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mae Yue Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramkumar Aishworiya
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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