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Yang MY, Zhao XH. Panax notoginseng Saponins Ameliorate Gamma Radiation-Mediated Damages in Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Swiss Albino Mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4115. [PMID: 39264203 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) against gamma radiation-induced DNA damage and associated physiological alterations in Swiss albino mice were investigated. Exposure to gamma radiation led to a dose-dependent increase in cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei (CBMN) double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs), dicentric aberrations (DC), formation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, pretreatment with PNS at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 µg/mL significantly attenuated the frequencies of DC and CBMN in a concentration-dependent manner. PNS administration before radiation exposure also reduced radiation-induced DSBs in BL, indicating protection against reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage. Notably, pretreatment with PNS at 10 µg/mL prevented the overexpression of γ-H2AX, proteins associated with DNA damage response, in irradiated mice. In addition, in vivo studies showed intraperitoneal administration of PNS (25 mg/kg body weight) for 1 h before radiation exposure mitigated lipid peroxidation levels and restored antioxidant status, countering oxidative damage induced by gamma radiation. Furthermore, PNS pretreatment reversed the decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) content, white blood cell count, and red blood cell count in irradiated mice, indicating preservation of hematological parameters. Overall, PNS demonstrated an anticlastogenic effect by modulating radiation-induced DSBs and preventing oxidative damage, thus highlighting its potential as a protective agent against radiation-induced DNA damage and associated physiological alterations. Clinically, PNS will be beneficial for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, but their pharmacological properties and toxicity profiles need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, China
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Raghu SV, Rao S, Kini V, Kudva AK, George T, Baliga MS. Fruits and their phytochemicals in mitigating the ill effects of ionizing radiation: review on the existing scientific evidence and way forward. Food Funct 2023; 14:1290-1319. [PMID: 36688345 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01911f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although helpful in treating cancer, exposure to ionizing radiation can sometimes cause severe side effects, negating its benefit. In addition to its use in clinics, a nontoxic radioprotective agent can also be beneficial in occupational settings where humans are occupationally exposed for prolonged periods to low doses of radiation. Scientific studies using laboratory animals have shown that the fruits Aegle marmelos, Capsicum annuum, Citrus aurantium, Citrullus lanatus, Crataegus microphylla, Eugenia jambolana, Emblica officinalis, Garcinia kola, Grewia asiatica, Hippophae rhamnoides, Malus baccata, Malpighia glabra or Malpighia emarginata, Mangifera indica, Prunus domestica, Prunus avium, Prunus armeniaca, Psoralea corylifolia, Punica granatum, Solanum lycopersicum, Terminalia chebula, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vitis vinifera and Xylopia aethiopica, and the phytochemicals gallic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, geraniin, corilagin, ascorbic acid, hesperetin, ursolic acid, lycopene, naringin, hesperidin, rutin, resveratrol, β-sitosterol, apigenin, luteolin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, mangiferin, diosmin, ferulic acid, and kaempferol are effective in preventing radiation-induced ill effects. Clinical studies with Emblica officinalis and Punica granatum have also shown that fruits help mitigate radiation-induced mucositis, dermatitis, and cystitis. For the first time, the current review summarizes the beneficial effects of fruits and phytochemicals in mitigating radiation-induced damage, the underlying mechanisms and the existing lacunae for future studies to be undertaken for the benefit of humans and the nutraceutical and agri-based industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore-575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Venkataramana Kini
- Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore-575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Avinash Kundadka Kudva
- Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - Thomas George
- Internal Medicine, Coney Island Hospital, 2601 Ocean Pkwy, Brooklyn, New York, 11235, USA
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Medhapati Devi M, Jitendra Sharma G. Elite Zingiber extracts as potential free radical scavengers and radioprotectors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2111440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Jit BP, Pattnaik S, Arya R, Dash R, Sahoo SS, Pradhan B, Bhuyan PP, Behera PK, Jena M, Sharma A, Agrawala PK, Behera RK. Phytochemicals: A potential next generation agent for radioprotection. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154188. [PMID: 36029645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation hazards are accountable for extensive damage in the biological system and acts as a public health burden. Owing to the rapid increasing in radiation technology, both Ionizing radiation (IR) from natural and man made source poses detrimental outcome to public health. IR releases free radicals which induces oxidative stress and deleterious biological damage by modulating radiation induced signalling intermediates. The efficacy of existing therapeutic approach and treatment strategy are limited owing to their toxicity and associated side effects. Indian system of traditional medicine is enriched with prospective phytochemicals with potential radioprotection ability. PURPOSE The present review elucidated and summarized the potential role of plant derived novel chemical compound with prospective radioprotective potential. METHOD So far as the traditional system of Indian medicine is concerned, plant kingdom is enriched with potential bioactive molecules with diverse pharmacological activities. We reviewed several compounds mostly secondary metabolites from plant origin using various search engines. RESULTS Both compounds from land plants and marine source exhibited antioxidant antiinflammatory, free radical scavenging ability. These compounds have tremendous potential in fine-tuning of several signalling intermediates, which are actively participated in the progression and development of a pathological condition associated with radiation stress. CONCLUSION Development and explore of an operational radioprotective agent from originated from plant source that can be used as a novel molecular tool to eliminate the widespread damage caused by space exploration, ionizing radiation, nuclear war and radiotherapy has been significantly appreciated. Through extensive literature search we highlighted several compounds from both land plant and marine origin can be implemented for a better therapeutic potential against radiation induced injury. Furthermore, extensive clinical trials must be carried out in near future for better therapeutic modality and clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India; School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, India
| | - Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768019, India
| | - Rakesh Arya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India; School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, India
| | - Rutumbara Dash
- Departement of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Prajna Paramita Bhuyan
- Department of Botany, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | - Pradyota Kumar Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Paban Kumar Agrawala
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi 110054, India
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Kagambega W, Belem H, Meda RNT, Koama BK, Drabo AF, Kabore J, Traore A, Ouédraogo GA, Benedec D, Hanganu D, Vlase L, Vlase AM, Voștinaru O, Mogoșan C, Oniga I. Polyphenolic Profile, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Some African Medicinal Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1377. [PMID: 35631802 PMCID: PMC9147499 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the polyphenolic profile and the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of four traditionally used medicinal plants from Burkina Faso: Parkia biglobosa, Detarium microcarpum, Vitellaria paradoxa and Sclerocarya birrea. The analysis of the main phenolic compounds was performed by the HPLC-UV-MS method. The anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous bark extracts was investigated by the λ-carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test. The anti-nociceptive activity was evaluated by the Randall−Selitto test under inflammatory conditions. Seven phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic, gentisic, vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and syringic acids), and three flavonoids (catechin, epicatechin, and quercitrin) were identified in the plant samples. High contents of gallic acid were determined in the D. microcarpum, P. biglobosa and S. birrea extracts (190−300 mg/100 g), and V. paradoxa extract was the richest in epicatechin (173.86 mg/100 g). The λ-carrageenan-induced inflammation was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) by the P. biglobosa and D. microcarpum extracts (400 mg/kg p.o.). Under the inflammatory conditions, a significant anti-nociceptive activity (p < 0.001) was obtained after 2−3 h from the induction of inflammation. The effects of the tested extracts could be related to the presence of polyphenols and could be useful in the management of certain inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Windmi Kagambega
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Hadidjatou Belem
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Roland Nâg-Tiéro Meda
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso;
| | - Benjamin Kouliga Koama
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso;
- Laboratoire de Médicine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelle, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 2779, Burkina Faso
| | - Anne-Flora Drabo
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Jacques Kabore
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso;
- Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l’Élevage en Zones Subhumides (CIRDES), Unité de Recherches sur les Bases Biologiques de la Lutte Intégrée, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 454, Burkina Faso
| | - Amadou Traore
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé Animales, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou 04 BP 8645, Burkina Faso;
| | - Georges Anicet Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Unité De Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso; (W.K.); (H.B.); (R.N.-T.M.); (B.K.K.); (A.-F.D.); (G.A.O.)
| | - Daniela Benedec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Ana-Maria Vlase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Oliviu Voștinaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Cristina Mogoșan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babes Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.B.); (L.V.); (A.-M.V.); (O.V.); (C.M.); (I.O.)
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Saliev T, Fakhradiyev I, Tanabayeva S, Assanova Y, Toishybek D, Kazybayeva A, Tanabayev B, Sikhymbaev M, Alimbayeva A, Toishibekov Y. "Radio-Protective Effect of Aminocaproic Acid in Human Spermatozoa". Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1462-1472. [PMID: 35021023 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2027540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative effects of ionizing radiation on organs and the reproductive system are well known and documented. Exposure to gamma radiation can lead to oligospermia, azoospermia and DNA damage. Up to date, there is no effective pharmaceutical compound for protecting the male reproductive system and sperm. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigating the ability of Ɛ-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent the damage of human spermatozoa and DNA induced by ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sperm samples were obtained from healthy volunteers (35 men; 31.50 ± 7.34 years old). There were 4 experimental groups: 1) control group (CG), 2) group exposed to maximal radiation dose 67.88 mGy (RMAX), 3) low-dose radiation (minimal) 22.62 mGy (RMIN), and 4) group treated with radiation (67.88 mGy) and EACA (dose 50 ng/ml). Sperm motility, viability, and DNA damage were assessed. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in total sperm motility of the RMAX group compared to CG (p < 0.05). Sperm viability in the RMAX group was also reduced in comparison to the control (p < 0.05). A significant increase in DNA fragmentation was detected in the RMAX group. The results demonstrated that the treatment of sperm with EACA led to a decrease in the fragmentation of the sperm DNA (compared to the RMAX group) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that EACA effectively protects human spermatozoa from DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation. Treatment of spermatozoa with EACA led to the preservation of cell motility, viability, and DNA integrity upon radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Saliev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ildar Fakhradiyev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shynar Tanabayeva
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Assanova
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinmukhamed Toishybek
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Embryo Technology Labs, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Kazybayeva
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Clinic of Reproduction and Anti Age, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Marat Sikhymbaev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Yerzhan Toishibekov
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Embryo Technology Labs, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Jameel QY, Mohammed NK. Protective rules of natural antioxidants against gamma-induced damage-A review. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5263-5278. [PMID: 34532033 PMCID: PMC8441341 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals accessible in food have demonstrated efficiency against impairment by gamma radiation. The review presented here is an attempt to show the pharmacological outline of the activity of the natural antioxidants and its primary action of molecular mechanism against the damage induced by gamma rays. This research focused on the results of the in vitro dosage of natural antioxidants relationship, and on the correlation of this information with the statistical variables. Moreover, it deliberated the natural compounds which could decrease the unwelcome impacts of gamma radiation and safeguard biological systems from radiation-stimulated genotoxicity. The outcomes indicated that natural compounds can be utilized as an adjunct to orthodox radiotherapy and cultivate it as an effectual drug for the clinical administration of ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaswaa Y. Jameel
- Department of Food ScienceColleges of Agricultural and ForestryMosul UniversityMosulIraq
| | - Nameer K. Mohammed
- Department of Food ScienceCollege of AgricultureTikrit UniversityTikritIraq
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Saidi I, Guesmi F, Kharbech O, Hfaiedh N, Djebali W. Gallic acid improves the antioxidant ability against cadmium toxicity: Impact on leaf lipid composition of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 210:111906. [PMID: 33429318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of seed pre-soaking with gallic acid (GA; 3,4,5-triphydroxyl-benzoic acid) in conferring subsequent tolerance to Cd stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings was investigated. Exposing sunflower seedlings to increasing Cd concentrations (5, 10 and 20 μM) caused a gradual decrease in root and shoot biomass and increased the metal accumulation in both organs. Seed pretreatment with 75 µM GA significantly restricted Cd uptake, markedly alleviated Cd-induced plant growth inhibition, and mitigated the oxidative damages caused by this metal, as compared to plants directly exposed to Cd. GA pre-soaking prior to Cd stress also enhanced catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities, while inhibiting that of superoxide dismutase. This was associated with increased levels of total thiols and glutathione along with a decreased level of oxidized glutathione in leaves. Moreover, GA pre-soaking led to changes in leaf fatty acid composition of seedlings challenged with Cd, as evidenced by the higher total lipid content and lipid unsaturation degree. As a whole, this study provides strong arguments highlighting the potential role of GA as a growth promoter for sunflower seedlings submitted to Cd stress, notably by boosting the antioxidant defense system and improving leaf membrane stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam Saidi
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa-Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Zarroug, Tunisia.
| | - Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa-Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Zarroug, Tunisia
| | - Oussama Kharbech
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Najla Hfaiedh
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa-Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Zarroug, Tunisia
| | - Wahbi Djebali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia
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Vafaee R, Nikzamir A, Razzaghi M, Rezaei Tavirani S, Ahmadzadeh A, Emamhadi M. An Investigation of Post-radiation Gene Expression Profiles: A System Biology Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:S101-S106. [PMID: 33995977 PMCID: PMC7956041 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.s16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Genomics and bioinformatics are useful methods for exploring unclear aspects of radiation effects on biological systems. Many radiation-induced alterations in irradiated samples are post-radiation time-dependent. This study aims to evaluate the post-irradiation effects of the gamma ray on human Jurkat cells. Methods: Gene expression profiles of the samples harvested 6 and 24 hours after radiation to find the critical differential expressed genes and the related pathways. Samples are provided from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed by ClueGO. Results: Twnety-nine critical genes were determined as the important affected genes and 7 classes of related pathways were introduced. CCNE2, PSMD11, CDC25C, ANAPC1, PLK1, AURKA, and CCNB1 that were associated with more than 6 pathways were related to one of the determined pathway groups. Conclusion: Cell protecting pathways were associated with the genes (HSPA5, HSPA8, HSP90B1, HMMR, CEBPB, RXRA, and PSMD11) which were related to the minimum numbers of pathways. The finding of this study corresponds to repair processes which depend on post-radiation time. It seems these sets of genes are suitable candidates for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vafaee
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Nikzamir
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohhamadreza Razzaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Rezaei Tavirani
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ahmadzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MohammadAli Emamhadi
- Forensic Medicine Specialist, Forensic Medicine Department, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
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Sharma D, Singh A, Pathak M, Kaur L, Kumar V, Roy BG, Ojha H. DNA binding and antiradical potential of ethyl pyruvate: Key to the DNA radioprotection. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 332:109313. [PMID: 33171137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA is the store house of all necessary hereditary information for growth of cells and tissues. Physiological functionality of DNA depends on its 3D helical structure and any distortion in a structure may lead to mutation and genomic instability that may translate into disease like cancer. In order to prevent DNA damage, an exogenous compound is required that can either scavenge the excess free radicals or enhance the structural integrity of DNA through binding. In the present study, the binding mechanism of ethyl pyruvate (EP) with DNA models using different spectroscopic techniques was investigated for their structural integrity. Besides, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were performed to determine the antioxidant scavenging of EP. Plasmid DNA relaxation assay was performed to assess the radioprotection efficacy of EP in the plasmid DNA. Circular dichroism (CD) and UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopic data confirmed the conformation change in ctDNA upon binding with EP. The molecular docking visualized that EP stacks between the DNA bases with a glide score of -2.117 kcalmol while EP binds in the minor groove region of DNA with the glide score of -1.414 kcalmol . DPPH and FRAP data confirmed that EP scavenges significantly radicals at higher concentrations. In vitro radioprotection study in plasmid DNA pBR322 showed that EP retained the supercoiled form of plasmid DNA at 50 Gy radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Sharma
- CBRN Protection and Decontamination Research Group, Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Anju Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India; Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mallika Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Lajpreet Kaur
- CBRN Protection and Decontamination Research Group, Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- CBRN Protection and Decontamination Research Group, Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Bal G Roy
- Experimental Animal Facility, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Himanshu Ojha
- CBRN Protection and Decontamination Research Group, Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
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Soumya K, James J, Archana TM, Dhanya AT, Shahid AP, Sudheesh S. Cytotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of phenolic compound isolated from the fruit of Terminalia chebula on HeLa cell. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-019-0017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
DNA in a human cell is subjected to constant assault from both environmental factors and normal metabolic processes. Accumulation of DNA damage drives the progression of many health disorders like aging, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Results
The present study focuses on the isolation of phenolic compound from the fruit of Terminalia chebula and its protective role on induced DNA damage. Diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extract of Terminalia chebula fruit were subjected to column chromatographic purification, and the fractions obtained were tested for the presence of phenolics. Fraction-12 isolated from diethyl ether extract was identified as gallic acid, which is used for cytotoxic and DNA damage protection activity assays. To select a non-toxic concentration of isolated compound, cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay. Gallic acid showed moderate toxicity at the highest concentration tested (i.e., percentage cell viability at 100 μg/ml is 40.51 ± 1.31). Antigenotoxic effect of gallic acid on HeLa cells was carried by alkaline comet assay. The compound showed significant protective abilities against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in HeLa cells.
Conclusion
These results show the importance of gallic acid isolated from Terminalia chebula fruit, as protector of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage.
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The prevention of radiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in human intestinal epithelial cells by salvianic acid A. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kahkeshani N, Farzaei F, Fotouhi M, Alavi SS, Bahramsoltani R, Naseri R, Momtaz S, Abbasabadi Z, Rahimi R, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Pharmacological effects of gallic acid in health and diseases: A mechanistic review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:225-237. [PMID: 31156781 PMCID: PMC6528712 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.32806.7897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gallic acid is a natural phenolic compound found in several fruits and medicinal plants. It is reported to have several health-promoting effects. This review aims to summarize the pharmacological and biological activities of gallic acid in vitro and animal models to depict the pharmacological status of this compound for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS All relevant papers in the English language were collected up to June 2018. The keywords of gallic acid, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, gastrointestinal-, cardiovascular-, metabolic-, neuropsychological-, and miscellaneous- diseases were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. RESULTS Several beneficial effects are reported for gallic acid, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. This compound has been reported to have therapeutic activities in gastrointestinal, neuropsychological, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. CONCLUSION Current evidence confirms the pharmacological and therapeutic interventions of gallic acid in multiple health complications; however, available data are limited to just cellular and animal studies. Future investigations are essential to further define the safety and therapeutic efficacy of gallic acid in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Kahkeshani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Fotouhi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shaghayegh Alavi
- Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rozita Naseri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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El-Gebaly RH, Rageh MM, Maamoun IK. Radio-protective potential of lipoic acid free and nano-capsule against 99mTc-MIBI induced injury in cardio vascular tissue. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 27:83-96. [PMID: 30507603 DOI: 10.3233/xst-180438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPECT MPI (Single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging) is an essential tool for diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, but it also involves considerable exposure to ionizing radiation. OBJECTIVE To determine the radioprotective potential of lipoic acid free and nano-capsule against 99mTc-MIBI-induced injury in cardiovascular tissue. METHODS The radioprotective ability was assessed by blood count, histopathology and heart enzymes in different groups of mice. Hearts of mice from all groups were dissected and prepared for oxidative stress analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, levels of DNA damage in heart and bone marrow cells were evaluated by alkaline comet assay technique. The same measurements were estimated after treating the mice with lipoic acid. RESULTS Comparing mice injected by radiopharmaceutics with control group showed a significant depression in the count of white blood cells (WBC) by about 40 % at 24 &72 hrs post-radiopharmaceutical administration. Moreover, platelets count was decreased by 27% at 72 hrs post-radiopharmaceutical administration. Radiation also dropped in super oxide dismutase (SOD) and increased in activity of heart enzymes and level of MDA (Malondialdehyde). Additionally, histopathological observation was characterized by focal necrosis of cardiac myocytes. 99mTc-MIBI induced DNA damage had significant increase. Nevertheless, pretreatment with free and lipoic acid nano-capsules (LANC's) prevented the reduction induced in WBCs and platelets, and improved their counts significantly. Conversely pre-treatment with lipoic acid free and nano-capsule significantly increased the activity of SOD and decreased the level of MDA and therefore protected the cardiovascular tissues and reduced DNA strand-break, consequently and enhanced the body weight of the mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the efficacy of lipoic acid free and nano-capsule as a radio protector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem H El-Gebaly
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Monira M Rageh
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam K Maamoun
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Nagpal I, Abraham SK. Ameliorative effects of gallic acid, quercetin and limonene on urethane-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:286-292. [PMID: 28043195 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1278294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of our present work was to ascertain the efficacy of Drosophila melanogaster model for assessing antigenotoxic and antioxidant effects of dietary phytochemicals gallic acid (GA), quercetin (QC) and limonene (Lim) against urethane (URE), a genotoxic environmental carcinogen. Oregon-K (ORK) adult male flies were fed GA, QC and Lim in combination with URE (20 mM) in 10% sucrose for 72 h. Third instar larvae were fed instant medium containing the above phytochemicals and URE for 24 h. Sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test and assays for estimating glutathione content (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (MDA content) were performed. Adult feeding experiments demonstrated that co-treatment of flies with URE and the test phytochemicals has significantly decreased the frequencies of SLRL mutations in all the germ cell stages when compared to that with URE alone. Larval feeding experiments also showed a similar pattern. The above results correlate well with antioxidative potentials of the test agents where we observed the elevated enzymatic levels with a significant reduction in MDA level in Drosophila larvae. The results further suggest that the dietary phytochemicals have an antioxidant and antimutagenic property which can be assessed using D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nagpal
- a School of Life Sciences , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
| | - Suresh K Abraham
- a School of Life Sciences , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
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Phenolic Characterisation and Antioxidant Activity of Primula vulgaris and Its Antigenotoxic Effect on Fibroblast Cells. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.40073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Tugce Ozkan M, Aliyazicioglu R, Demir S, Misir S, Turan I, Yildirmis S, Aliyazicioglu Y. Phenolic Characterisation and Antioxidant Activity of Primula vulgaris and Its Antigenotoxic Effect on Fibroblast Cells. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp.40073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Yasir M, Sultana B, Nigam PS, Owusu-Apenten R. Antioxidant and genoprotective activity of selected cucurbitaceae seed extracts and LC–ESIMS/MS identification of phenolic components. Food Chem 2016; 199:307-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Timiri Shanmugam PS, Nair RP, De Benedetti A, Caldito G, Abreo F, Sunavala-Dossabhoy G. Tousled kinase activator, gallic acid, promotes homologous recombinational repair and suppresses radiation cytotoxicity in salivary gland cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 93:217-26. [PMID: 26855419 PMCID: PMC5257199 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Accidental or medical radiation exposure of the salivary glands can gravely impact oral health. Previous studies have shown the importance of Tousled-like kinase 1 (TLK1) and its alternate start variant TLK1B in cell survival against genotoxic stresses. Through a high-throughput library screening of natural compounds, the phenolic phytochemical, gallic acid (GA), was identified as a modulator of TLK1/1B. This small molecule possesses anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging properties, but in this study, we report that in vitro it promotes survival of human salivary acinar cells, NS-SV-AC, through repair of ionizing radiation damage. Irradiated cells treated with GA show improved clonogenic survival compared to untreated controls. And, analyses of DNA repair kinetics by alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis and γ-H2AX foci immunofluorescence indicate rapid resolution of DNA breaks in drug-treated cells. Study of DR-GFP transgene repair indicates GA facilitates homologous recombinational repair to establish a functional GFP gene. In contrast, inactivation of TLK1 or its shRNA knockdown suppressed resolution of radiation-induced DNA tails in NS-SV-AC, and homology directed repair in DR-GFP cells. Consistent with our results in culture, animals treated with GA after exposure to fractionated radiation showed better preservation of salivary function compared to saline-treated animals. Our results suggest that GA-mediated transient modulation of TLK1 activity promotes DNA repair and suppresses radiation cytoxicity in salivary gland cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Srinivasan Timiri Shanmugam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Renjith Parameshwaran Nair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Arrigo De Benedetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Gloria Caldito
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Fleurette Abreo
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Gulshan Sunavala-Dossabhoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
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Kamran MZ, Ranjan A, Kaur N, Sur S, Tandon V. Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:461-93. [PMID: 26807693 DOI: 10.1002/med.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zahid Kamran
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atul Ranjan
- Kansas University of Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160
| | - Navrinder Kaur
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Rajput S, Kumar BNP, Banik P, Parida S, Mandal M. Thymoquinone restores radiation-induced TGF-β expression and abrogates EMT in chemoradiotherapy of breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:620-9. [PMID: 25164250 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy remains a prime approach to adjuvant therapies in patients with early and advanced breast cancer. In spite of therapeutic success, metastatic progression in patients undergoing therapy, limits its application. However, effective therapeutic strategies to understand the cellular and molecular machinery in inhibiting radiation-induced metastatic progression, which is poorly understood so far, need to be strengthened. Ionizing radiation was known to prompt cancer cell's metastatic ability by eliciting Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β), a key regulator in epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation and radio-resistance. In this viewpoint, we employed thymoquinone as a radiosensitizer to investigate its migration and invasion reversal abilities in irradiated breast cancer cell lines by assessing their respective attributes. The role of metastasis regulatory molecules like TGF-β, E-cadherin, and integrin αV and its downstream molecules were determined using RT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and extracellular TGF-β levels affirmed through ELISA assays. These studies affirmed the TGF-β restoring ability of thymoquinone in radiation-driven migration and invasion. Also, results demonstrated that the epithelial markers E-cadherin and cytokeratin 19 were downregulated whereas mesenchymal markers like integrin αV, MMP9, and MMP2 were upregulated by irradiation treatment; however thymoquinone pre-sensitization has reverted the expression of these proteins back to control proteins expression. Here, paclitaxel was chosen as an apoptosis inducer in TGF-β restored cells and confirmed its cytotoxic effects in radiation alone and thymoquinone sensitized irradiated cells. We conclude that this therapeutic modality is effective in preventing radiation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation and concomitant induction of apoptosis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Rajput
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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Kondapalli N, Sadineni V, Variyar PS, Sharma A, Obulam VSR. Impact of γ-irradiation on antioxidant capacity of mango (Mangifera indica L.) wine from eight Indian cultivars and the protection of mango wine against DNA damage caused by irradiation. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Radioprotective effects of gallic acid in mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:953079. [PMID: 24069607 PMCID: PMC3771270 DOI: 10.1155/2013/953079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radioprotecting ability of the natural polyphenol, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA), was investigated in Swiss albino mice. Oral administration of GA (100 mg/kg body weight), one hour prior to whole body gamma radiation exposure (2–8 Gy; 6 animals/group), reduced the radiation-induced cellular DNA damage in mouse peripheral blood leukocytes, bone marrow cells, and spleenocytes as revealed by comet assay. The GA administration also prevented the radiation-induced decrease in the levels of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidise (GPx), and nonprotein thiol glutathione (GSH) and inhibited the peroxidation of membrane lipids in these animals. Exposure of mice to whole body gamma radiation also caused the formation of micronuclei in blood reticulocytes and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, and the administration of GA resulted in the inhibition of micronucleus formation and chromosomal aberrations. In irradiated animals, administration of GA elicited an enhancement in the rate of DNA repair process and a significant increase in endogenous spleen colony formation. The administration of GA also prevented the radiation-induced weight loss and mortality in animals (10 animals/group) exposed to lethal dose (10 Gy) of gamma radiation. (For every experiment unirradiated animals without GA administration were taken as normal control; specific dose (Gy) irradiated animals without GA administration serve as radiation control; and unirradiated GA treated animals were taken as drug alone control).
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Maurya DK, Devasagayam TPA. Ferulic Acid Inhibits Gamma Radiation-Induced DNA Strand Breaks and Enhances the Survival of Mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:51-7. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Nicolescu TV, Meouche W, Branger C, Margaillan A, Sarbu A, Donescu D. Tailor-made polymer beads for gallic acid recognition and separation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-0002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Nicolescu TV, Meouche W, Branger C, Margaillan A, Sarbu A, Fruth V, Donescu D. A new microemulsion approach for producing molecularly imprinted polymers with selective recognition cavities for gallic acid. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanta V. Nicolescu
- Polymers Department; National Research Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM; Bucharest; Romania
| | - Walid Meouche
- Laboratoire MAPIEM-EA 4323; Université du Sud Toulon-Var-ISITV; La Valette du Var; France
| | - Catherine Branger
- Laboratoire MAPIEM-EA 4323; Université du Sud Toulon-Var-ISITV; La Valette du Var; France
| | - André Margaillan
- Laboratoire MAPIEM-EA 4323; Université du Sud Toulon-Var-ISITV; La Valette du Var; France
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Polymers Department; National Research Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM; Bucharest; Romania
| | - Victor Fruth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy ‘Ilie Murgulescu’; Bucharest; Romania
| | - Dan Donescu
- Polymers Department; National Research Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM; Bucharest; Romania
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Al-Malki AL, Moselhy SS. Protective effect of vitamin E and epicatechin against nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 29:202-8. [PMID: 22287617 DOI: 10.1177/0748233711430976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is a major pharmacologically active and addictive component of tobacco smoke, which is regarded to be a primary risk factor in the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Epicatechin is one of the most potent antioxidants present in the human diet. Particularly high levels of this compound are found in tea, apples and chocolate. It has been reported that tea extracts and/or its constituents have antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidative, antitumor and antimutagenic activities. Vitamin E is a major lipid-soluble antioxidant vitamin and free radical scavenger, presents as an integral component of cellular membranes and has important biological functions. The primary mechanism by which vitamin E is proposed to prevent cancer is through their antioxidant properties. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of epicatechin alone or combined with vitamin E in inhibiting the oxidative stress induced by nicotine in rats. Results obtained indicated that there was a significant elevation in the levels of malondialdhyde (MDA) in nicotine injected rats. The combined treatment (epicatechin + Vit E) group showed a potential reduction of these parameters more than individual treatment. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were found significantly higher in combined treated than untreated rats. In nicotine group, a negative significant correlation between reduced glutathione and MDA (r = -0.92) was observed. In conclusion, these results suggested that the supplementation of diet with epicatechin and vitamin E provided antioxidant defense with strong chemopreventive activity against nicotine-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman L Al-Malki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Swami SB, Thakor NSJ, Patil MM, Haldankar PM. Jamun (<i>Syzygium cumini </i>(L.)): A Review of Its Food and Medicinal Uses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2012.38146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mishra K, Srivastava PS, Chaudhury NK. Sesamol as a Potential Radioprotective Agent:In VitroStudies. Radiat Res 2011; 176:613-23. [DOI: 10.1667/rr2661.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Evaluating the radioprotective effect of hesperidin in the liver of Swiss albino mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 658:206-12. [PMID: 21371459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the radioprotective efficacy of hesperidin, a flavonone glycoside against X-ray radiation-induced cellular damage in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The first phase of the study was carried out to fix the effective concentration of hesperidin by performing a 30 days of survival studies using different graded doses [12.5, 25, 50 and 100mg/kg body weight] of hesperidin administered orally to mice via intragastric intubations for seven consecutive days prior to exposure of whole body radiation (10 Gy). Based on the results of survival studies, the effective dose of hesperidin was fixed which was then administered to animals orally via intragastric intubations for seven consecutive days prior to exposure of whole body radiation (4 Gy) to evaluate its radioprotective efficacy by performing various biochemical estimations, comet assay, DNA fragmentation assay and histopathological studies in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The results indicated that radiation-induced decrease in the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and increase in lipid peroxidative index, DNA damage and comet parameters were altered by pre-administration with the effective dose of hesperidin [25mg/kg body weight] which restored the antioxidant status to near normal and decreased the levels of lipid peroxidative index, DNA damage and comet parameters. These results were further confirmed by histopathological examinations which indicated that pre-administration with the effective dose of hesperidin reduced the hepatic damage induced by radiation. Thus the current study shows hesperidin to be an effective radioprotector against radiation induced damage in the liver of mice.
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Maurya DK, Nandakumar N, Devasagayam TPA. Anticancer property of gallic acid in A549, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, and possible mechanisms. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010; 48:85-90. [PMID: 21297918 PMCID: PMC3022071 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-004fr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid is widely distributed in plants, fruits and foods with a range of biological activities. In the present study the possible mechanisms of gallic acid anticancer properties were explored in A549, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Our study shows that it inhibited the A549 cell growth and decreased cell viability monitored at 24 h. It also inhibited cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manner as measured by 3-[4,5-methylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay at 24 and 48 h. Morphological examination of the cells after gallic acid treatment showed the typical feature of cell death such as cell shrinkage and rounding up of the cells. Clonogenic assay indicated that gallic acid treatments inhibited the colony formation. DNA fragmentation assay indicated the disappearance of the genomic DNA in dose-dependent manner. To find out possible mechanisms, mitochondrial potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species were measured. It was observed that gallic acid treatment decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species. Further caspases activity was measured and it was found that gallic acid activated the caspase-3 but not caspase-8 indicating the involvement of intrinsic pathway of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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Al-Malki AL, Moselhy SS. The protective effect of epicatchin against oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats induced by cyclosporine. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:145-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110369820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CyA) is the first-line immunosuppressant used for the management of solid organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can attack all types of macromolecules including DNA and damage it. Epicatechin (EC) is one of the most potent antioxidants present in the human diet. Particularly high levels of this compound are found in tea, apples, and chocolate. The goal of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of EC against CyA toxicity and its antioxidant activity in transplanted patients to avoid its side effects. Results obtained showed that, CyA exert its toxic effect by increasing the free radicals and ROS that causes lipid peroxidation and cell damage, this is detected by elevation of hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes include (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) were significantly decreased as compared with control rats. The deleterious toxic effects of CyA are, at least in part, due to increased production of free radicals and ROS. Treatment of rats with epicatchin ameliorates the toxicity of CyA by decreasing the lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidants enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdualziz University, Jeddah, KSA,
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Sandeep D, Nair CKK. Protection of DNA and membrane from γ-radiation induced damage by the extract of Acorus calamus Linn.: An in vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 29:302-307. [PMID: 21787617 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Acorus calamus, an ethnomedicinally important plant, was investigated for its protecting activity against radiation induced DNA and membrane damage. The in vitro free radical scavenging activity of the extract (water:ethanol, 1:1) of A. calamus was studied by parameters viz DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and superoxide radical scavenging activity. Membrane damage due to radiation exposure was measured as the peroxidation of lipids in terms of thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS). The in vitro DNA damage was monitored by assessing the radiation induced relaxation of supercoiled plasmid DNA (pBR322). Damage to cellular DNA induced by γ-radiation (6Gy) was monitored by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay in murine cells and human peripheral blood leukocytes. Enhancement of DNA repair mechanism was also monitored. The extract effectively scavenged free radicals in a concentration dependent manner. Presence of A. calamus extract during irradiation prevented peroxidation of membrane lipids in mouse liver homogenate. It helped to reduce the disappearance of the covalently closed circular (ccc) form of plasmid DNA following exposure to γ-radiation. Also the A. calamus extract effectively protected DNA from radiation induced strand breaks and enhanced the DNA repair process. Hence A. calamus extract can be used as a good source of natural radioprotecting agent.
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Chandrasekharan DK, Kagiya TV, Nair CKK. Radiation protection by 6-palmitoyl ascorbic acid-2-glucoside: studies on DNA damage in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and oxidative stress in vivo. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2009; 50:203-212. [PMID: 19384055 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.08090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A palmitoyl derivative of ascorbic acid 2-glucoside, 6-palmitoyl ascorbic acid-2-glucoside (PAsAG), which possess good antioxidant properties, is examined for radioprotection in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. PAsAG protected plasmid DNA from gamma-radiation induced damages under in vitro conditions. Presence of 1.6 mM PAsAG inhibited the disappearance of ccc (covalently closed circular) form of plasmid pBR322 with a dose modifying factor of 1.5. Comet assay studies on mouse spleen cells exposed to 6 Gy gamma-radiation (ex vivo) in presence and absence of PAsAG revealed that cellular DNA was effectively protected by this compound from radiation induced damages. Oral administration of 80 mg/kg body weight of PAsAG to mice 1 hour prior to 6 Gy whole body gamma-radiation exposure, efficiently protected cellular DNA in tissues such as spleen, bone marrow and blood, from radiation induced damages as indicated by alkaline comet assay. Oxidative stress in tissues such as liver and brain of mice, following whole body exposure to various doses of gamma-radiation (2-8 Gy), monitored as levels of GSH and peroxidation of lipids, were found considerably reduced when PAsAG was orally administered (80 mg/kg body weight) to the mice one hour prior to the radiation exposure. PAsAG administration improved the per cent survival of mice following exposure to 10 Gy whole body gamma-radiation. Thus PAsAG could act as a radioprotector under in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo conditions of ionizing-radiation exposure.
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Chakraborty A, Ferk F, Simić T, Brantner A, Dusinská M, Kundi M, Hoelzl C, Nersesyan A, Knasmüller S. DNA-protective effects of sumach (Rhus coriaria L.), a common spice: results of human and animal studies. Mutat Res 2009; 661:10-17. [PMID: 19022266 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sumach (Rhus coriaria L.) is widely used as a spice. The aim of this study was the investigation of its DNA-protective effects in humans and animals. Prevention of the formation of strand breaks and oxidized DNA bases as well as the protection against H(2)O(2)- and (+/-)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydro-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-induced DNA-damage were monitored in human lymphocytes in a placebo controlled trial (N=8/group) with ethanolic extract of sumach (3.0g/day, 3 days) in single cell gel electrophoresis assays. Furthermore, DNA-protective effects of sumach were monitored in different inner organs of rats under identical conditions. No alteration of DNA-migration was detectable in human lymphocytes under standard conditions, but a decrease of the tail-lengths due to formation of oxidized purines and pyrimidines (52% and 36%) was found with lesion-specific enzymes. Also damage caused by H(2)O(2) and BPDE was significantly reduced by 30% and 69%, respectively. The later effect may be due to induction of glutathione S-transferase (GST). After the intervention, the overall GST (CDNB) activity in plasma was increased by 40%, GST-alpha by 52% and GST-pi by 26% (ELISA). The antioxidant effects of extract are probably due to scavenging which was observed in in vitro experiments, which also indicated that gallic acid is the active principle of sumach. The animal experiments showed that sumach also causes protection in inner organs. Supplementation of the drinking water (0.02g/kg per animal) decreased the formation of oxidized DNA bases in colon, liver, lung and lymphocytes; also after gamma-irradiation pronounced effects were seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asima Chakraborty
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Use of conventional and -omics based methods for health claims of dietary antioxidants: a critical overview. Br J Nutr 2009; 99 E Suppl 1:ES3-52. [PMID: 18503734 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114508965752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the principles and limitations of methods used to investigate reactive oxygen species (ROS) protective properties of dietary constituents and is aimed at providing a better understanding of the requirements for science based health claims of antioxidant (AO) effects of foods. A number of currently used biochemical measurements aimed of determining the total antioxidant capacity and oxidised lipids and proteins are carried out under unphysiological conditions and are prone to artefact formation. Probably the most reliable approaches are measurements of isoprostanes as a parameter of lipid peroxidation and determination of oxidative DNA damage. Also the design of the experimental models has a strong impact on the reliability of AO studies: the common strategy is the identification of AO by in vitro screening with cell lines. This approach is based on the assumption that protection towards ROS is due to scavenging, but recent findings indicate that activation of transcription factors which regulate genes involved in antioxidant defence plays a key role in the mode of action of AO. These processes are not adequately represented in cell lines. Another shortcoming of in vitro experiments is that AO are metabolised in vivo and that most cell lines are lacking enzymes which catalyse these reactions. Compounds with large molecular configurations (chlorophylls, anthocyans and polyphenolics) are potent AO in vitro, but weak or no effects were observed in animal/human studies with realistic doses as they are poorly absorbed. The development of -omics approaches will improve the scientific basis for health claims. The evaluation of results from microarray and proteomics studies shows that it is not possible to establish a general signature of alterations of transcription and protein patterns by AO. However, it was shown that alterations of gene expression and protein levels caused by experimentally induced oxidative stress and ROS related diseases can be normalised by dietary AO.
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Salonen E, Lin S, Reid ML, Allegood M, Wang X, Rao AM, Vattulainen I, Ke PC. Real-time translocation of fullerene reveals cell contraction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:1986-1992. [PMID: 18949789 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials possess unique structural, mechanical, and electronic properties that are exploited in numerous applications. The fate of nanomaterials in living systems and in the environment is largely unknown, though there is a reason for concern. Here it is shown how the interaction of fullerene with natural phenolic acid induces cell contraction. This phenomenon has a general applicability to carbon-based nanomaterials interacting with natural amphiphiles. Atomistic simulations reveal that the self-assembly of C(70)-gallic acid (GA) favors aggregation. Confocal fluorescence microscopy shows that C(70)-GA complexes translocate across the membranes of HT-29 cells and enter nuclear membranes. Confocal imaging further reveals the real-time uptake of C(70)-GA and the consequent contraction of the cell membranes. This contraction is attributed to the aggregation of nanoparticles into microsized particles promoted by cell surfaces, a new physical mechanism for deciphering nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emppu Salonen
- Laboratory of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland.
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Nair CKK, Salvi VP. Protection of DNA from gamma-radiation induced strand breaks by Epicatechin. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2008; 650:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Revised: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Maurya DK, Nair CKK. Preferential radioprotection to DNA of normal tissues by ferulic acid under ex vivo and in vivo conditions in tumor bearing mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 285:181-90. [PMID: 16477369 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 11/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that ferulic acid (FA) offered good radioprotection under in vitro and in vivo conditions to DNA and enhanced the DNA repair process in the peripheral blood leucocytes of mice in vivo. This study concerns radioprotection of normal versus tumor cells. Administration of FA (50 mg/kg body weight) to mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumor, 1 h prior to/ or immediately after radiation exposure (4 Gy) showed preferential radioprotection to normal cells i.e. peripheral blood leucocytes and bone marrow cells in comparison to tumor cells. This preferential protection under in vivo conditions could be attributed to poor vasculature in the tumor or peculiar characteristics of the tumor cells either to restrict its entry inside the cells or metabolize or inactivate the drug. To resolve these ex vivo study was carried out using bone marrow and tumor cells. It was found that under ex vivo condition also only bone marrow cells were protected by FA. Thus the studies revealed that FA showed preferential protection to normal cells under both in vivo and ex vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, Maharashtra, India
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