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NM23/NDPK proteins in transcription regulatory functions and chromatin modulation: emerging trends. J Transl Med 2018; 98:175-181. [PMID: 29083410 PMCID: PMC5854247 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NM23/NDPK proteins have been studied for their metastasis suppressor role but the molecular pathways involved in this process are not very vivid. Nucleotide binding and kinase activities of NM23 proteins implicated in anti-metastatic effects have been widely studied. In addition to these, transcriptional regulation adds another arm to the versatility of NM23 proteins that together with the other functions may contribute to better understanding of underlying mechanisms. In this review we discuss emerging reports describing the role of NM23 proteins in gene regulation and chromatin modulation in association with other factors or on their own.
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Sharma S, Sengupta A, Chowdhury S. NM23/NDPK proteins in transcription regulatory functions and chromatin modulation: emerging trends. J Transl Med 2018. [PMID: 29083410 DOI: 10.38/labinvest.2017.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NM23/NDPK proteins have been studied for their metastasis suppressor role but the molecular pathways involved in this process are not very vivid. Nucleotide binding and kinase activities of NM23 proteins implicated in anti-metastatic effects have been widely studied. In addition to these, transcriptional regulation adds another arm to the versatility of NM23 proteins that together with the other functions may contribute to better understanding of underlying mechanisms. In this review we discuss emerging reports describing the role of NM23 proteins in gene regulation and chromatin modulation in association with other factors or on their own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Sharma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Rafi Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Antara Sengupta
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shantanu Chowdhury
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Rafi Marg, New Delhi, India
- G.N.R. Knowledge Centre for Genome Informatics, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, CSIR, New Delhi, India
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Sheng Y, Xiong Y, Xu M, Kuang X, Wang D, Yang X. [Effect of Nm23-H1 Nuclear Localization on Proliferation of
Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line A549]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 20:226-232. [PMID: 28442010 PMCID: PMC5999672 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 现有研究发现Nm23-H1还存在胞核表达,而既往的研究都是以过表达或抑制胞浆Nm23-H1为研究手段,由于Nm23-H1本身缺乏核引导序列,其研究结果并不能真实反映或重复临床中Nm23-H1以胞核定位为主的实际生物学效应。因此,本研究通过构建带有核引导序列的Nm23-H1载体并转染A549细胞以探讨Nm23-H1从胞浆向胞核转位对肺癌细胞增殖的影响。 方法 采用基因重组技术构建带核定位信号序列的pLentis-CMV-NME1-IRES2-PURO慢病毒载体,酶切和测序鉴定正确后,稳定转染A549细胞后用Western blot和激光共聚焦检测Nm23-H1蛋白的定位和表达,用CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化。 结果 成功构建了核内定向表达Nm23-H1的慢病毒载体。转染组在72 h、96 h和120 h时增殖率与空载体组相比均显著升高(P < 0.000, 1)。空载体组A549细胞在G0期/G1期所占比例为35.69%,高于转染组的28.28%(t=1.461, P=0.217);而转染组细胞在G2期/M期所占比例为58.7%,空载体组为31.30%(t=4.560, P=0.010)。 结论 Nm23-H1在人肺腺癌A549细胞的核内过表达使细胞主要分布在G2期/M期并促进了细胞的体外增殖。
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Sheng
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yanli Xiong
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Mingfang Xu
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xunjie Kuang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xueqin Yang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Bhattacharjee S, Ghosh Roy S, Bose P, Saha A. Role of EBNA-3 Family Proteins in EBV Associated B-cell Lymphomagenesis. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:457. [PMID: 27092119 PMCID: PMC4824013 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is highly ubiquitous in human population and establishes a lifelong asymptomatic infection within the infected host unless the immune system is compromised. Following initial infection in the oropharyngeal epithelial cells, EBV primarily infects naive B-lymphocytes and develops a number of B-cell lymphomas particularly in immune-deficient individuals. In vitro, EBV can also infect and subsequently transform quiescent B-lymphocytes into continuously proliferating lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) resembling EBV-induced lymphoproliferative disorders in which a subset of latent transcripts are detected. Genetic studies revealed that EBNA-3 family comprising of three adjacent genes in the viral genome-EBNA-3A and -3C, but not -3B, are critical for B-cell transformation. Nevertheless, all three proteins appear to significantly contribute to maintain the overall proliferation and viability of transformed cells, suggesting a critical role in lymphoma development. Apart from functioning as important viral transcriptional regulators, EBNA-3 proteins associate with many cellular proteins in different signaling networks, providing a suitable platform for lifelong survival of the virus and concurrent lymphoma development in the infected host. The chapter describes the function of each these EBV nuclear antigen 3 proteins employed by the virus as a means to understand viral pathogenesis of several EBV-associated B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency University Kolkata, India
| | - Abhik Saha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency University Kolkata, India
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Saha A, Robertson ES. Impact of EBV essential nuclear protein EBNA-3C on B-cell proliferation and apoptosis. Future Microbiol 2013; 8:323-52. [PMID: 23464371 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For over 40 years, EBV infection has been implicated in the etiology of a variety of lymphoid malignancies with the exceptional ability to drive resting B cells to continuously proliferate by successfully overriding cellular apoptotic stimuli. EBV utilizes the normal physiology of B-cell differentiation to persist within the memory B-cell pool of the immunocompetent host and subsequently establishes a life-long latent infection. During latency, out of a subset of viral genes expressed, EBNA-3C is one of the essential antigens required for in vitro primary B-cell transformation. EBNA-3C acts as a transcriptional coregulator by interacting with various cellular and viral factors. For the last 10 years, we have been actively engaged in discerning the biological significance of these interactions and revealed that EBNA-3C primarily targets two important cellular pathways - cell cycle and apoptosis. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge on EBNA-3C-mediated functions and describe how EBNA-3C seizes these cellular pathways that eventually promote B-cell lymphomagenesis. A scrupulous understanding of the critical relationship between EBNA-3C and these cellular machineries will not only aid in elucidating EBV pathogenesis, but also largely facilitate the development of novel diagnostic, as well as therapeutic, strategies against a vast range of EBV-associated B-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Presidency University, Department of Biotechnology, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata-700073, West Bengal, India
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Spooner R, Yilmaz Ö. Nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase: a pleiotropic effector in microbial colonization under interdisciplinary characterization. Microbes Infect 2012; 14:228-37. [PMID: 22079150 PMCID: PMC3277739 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence identifies multiple roles for nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase in host-microbe interaction. We provide the first synopsis of utilization of this molecule by various microorganisms during colonization of host tissues. Additionally, we propose novel mechanisms this effector may participate in, which could be crucial for microbial adaptation in chronic host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralee Spooner
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Özlem Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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8
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Human kinome profiling identifies a requirement for AMP-activated protein kinase during human cytomegalovirus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:3071-6. [PMID: 22315427 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1200494109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) modulates numerous cellular signaling pathways. Alterations in signaling are evident from the broad changes in cellular phosphorylation that occur during HCMV infection and from the altered activity of multiple kinases. Here we report a comprehensive RNAi screen, which predicts that 106 cellular kinases influence growth of the virus, most of which were not previously linked to HCMV replication. Multiple elements of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway scored in the screen. As a regulator of carbon and nucleotide metabolism, AMPK is poised to activate many of the metabolic pathways induced by HCMV infection. An AMPK inhibitor, compound C, blocked a substantial portion of HCMV-induced metabolic changes, inhibited the accumulation of all HCMV proteins tested, and markedly reduced the production of infectious progeny. We propose that HCMV requires AMPK or related activity for viral replication and reprogramming of cellular metabolism.
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Saha A, Robertson ES. Functional modulation of the metastatic suppressor Nm23-H1 by oncogenic viruses. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:3174-84. [PMID: 21846466 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence over the last two decades from a number of disciplines has solidified some fundamental concepts in metastasis, a major contributor to cancer associated deaths. However, significant advances have been made in controlling this critical cellular process by focusing on targeted therapy. A key set of factors associated with this invasive phenotype is the nm23 family of over twenty metastasis-associated genes. Among the eight known isoforms, Nm23-H1 is the most studied potential anti-metastatic factor associated with human cancers. Importantly, a growing body of work has clearly suggested a critical role for Nm23-H1 in limiting tumor cell motility and progression induced by several tumor viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus (KSHV) and human papilloma virus (HPV). A more in depth understanding of the interactions between tumor viruses encoded antigens and Nm23-H1 will facilitate the elucidation of underlying mechanism(s) which contribute to virus-associated cancers. Here, we review recent studies to explore the molecular links between human oncogenic viruses and progression of metastasis, in particular the deregulation of Nm23-H1 mediated suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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10
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An analysis of the phosphoproteome of immune cell lines exposed to the immunomodulatory mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:850-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gkiafi Z, Panayotou G. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Implicates COMMD Proteins as Epstein–Barr Virus Targets in the BL41 Burkitt’s Lymphoma Cell Line. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:2959-68. [DOI: 10.1021/pr100793m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zacharati Gkiafi
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
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Saha A, Robertson ES. Epstein-Barr virus-associated B-cell lymphomas: pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:3056-63. [PMID: 21372216 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human γ-herpesvirus that establishes a life-long asymptomatic infection in immunocompetent hosts. It is also found to be frequently associated with a broad spectrum of B-cell lymphomas predominantly seen in immunodeficient patients. Despite many resemblances, these EBV-linked lymphoproliferative disorders display heterogeneity at the clinical and the molecular level. Moreover, EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases differ in their differential expression patterns of the EBV-encoded latent antigens, which are directly related to their interactions with the host. EBV-driven primary B-cell immortalization is linked to the cooperative functions of these latent proteins, which are critical for perturbing many important cell-signaling pathways maintaining B-cell proliferation. Additionally, it is used as a surrogate model to explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of B-cell neoplasms. Recent discoveries have revealed that a number of sophisticated mechanisms are exploited by EBV during cancer progression. This finding will be instrumental in the design of novel approaches for therapeutic interventions against EBV-associated B-cell lymphomas. This review limits the discussion to the biology and pathogenesis of EBV-associated B-cell lymphomas and the related clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Tumor Virology Program, Abramson, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Saha A, Kaul R, Murakami M, Robertson ES. Tumor viruses and cancer biology: Modulating signaling pathways for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Biol Ther 2010; 10:961-78. [PMID: 21084867 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.10.10.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor viruses have provided relatively simple genetic systems, which can be manipulated for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the cellular transformation process. A growing body of information in the tumor virology field provides several prospects for rationally targeted therapies. However, further research is needed to better understand the multiple mechanisms utilized by these viruses in cancer progression in order to develop therapeutic strategies. Initially viruses were believed to be associated with cancers as causative agents only in animals. It was almost half a century before the first human tumor virus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), was identified in 1964. Subsequently, several human tumor viruses have been identified including Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV), human Papillomaviruses (HPV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) and recently identified Merkel cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV). Tumor viruses are sub-categorized as either DNA viruses, which include EBV, KSHV, HPV, HBV, and MCPyV, or RNA viruses such as HCV and HTLV-1. Tumor-viruses induce oncogenesis through manipulating an array of different cellular pathways. These viruses initiate a series of cellular events, which lead to immortalization and proliferation of the infected cells by disrupting the mitotic checkpoint upon infection of the host cell. This is often accomplished by functional inhibition or proteasomal degradation of many tumor suppressor proteins by virally encoded gene products. The virally infected cells can either be eliminated via cell-mediated apoptosis or persist in a state of chronic infection. Importantly, the chronic persistence of infection by tumor viruses can lead to oncogenesis. This review discusses the major human tumor associated viruses and their ability to modulate numerous cell signaling pathways, which can be targeted for potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Tumor Virology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
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Di L, Srivastava S, Zhdanova O, Sun Y, Li Z, Skolnik EY. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B knock-out mice have impaired activation of the K+ channel KCa3.1, resulting in defective T cell activation. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:38765-71. [PMID: 20884616 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.168070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) are encoded by the Nme (non-metastatic cell) gene family. Although they comprise a family of 10 genes, NDPK-A and -B are ubiquitously expressed and account for most of the NDPK activity. We previously showed that NDPK-B activates the K(+) channel KCa3.1 via histidine phosphorylation of the C terminus of KCa3.1, which is required for T cell receptor-stimulated Ca(2+) flux and proliferation of activated naive human CD4 T cells. We now report the phenotype of NDPK-B(-/-) mice. NDPK-B(-/-) mice are phenotypically normal at birth with a normal life span. Although T and B cell development is normal in NDPK-B(-/-) mice, KCa3.1 channel activity and cytokine production are markedly defective in T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells, whereas Th17 function is normal. These findings phenocopy studies in the same cells isolated from KCa3.1(-/-) mice and thereby support genetically that NDPK-B functions upstream of KCa3.1. NDPK-A and -B have been linked to an astonishing array of disparate cellular and biochemical functions, few of which have been confirmed in vivo in physiological relevant systems. NDPK-B(-/-) mice will be an essential tool with which to definitively address the biological functions of NDPK-B. Our finding that NDPK-B is required for activation of Th1 and Th2 CD4 T cells, together with the normal overall phenotype of NDPK-B(-/-) mice, suggests that specific pharmacological inhibitors of NDPK-B may provide new opportunities to treat Th1- and Th2-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Di
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
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Mehta A, Orchard S. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK, NM23, AWD): recent regulatory advances in endocytosis, metastasis, psoriasis, insulin release, fetal erythroid lineage and heart failure; translational medicine exemplified. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 329:3-15. [PMID: 19415463 PMCID: PMC2721137 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The guest editor (AM) provides his perspective on the most recent advances on nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK, otherwise known as AWD or NM23) showcasing phospho-histidine biochemistry and its impact on diverse pathology when disordered. His co-author (SO) provides state-of-the-art analyses from the European institute of Bioinformatics in an appendix to support the most recent advances made by the NDPK community. Unfortunately, to those outside the field, NDPK is often dismissed as a tiny ‘ancient housekeeper’ protein found in marine sponges, social amoebae, worms, fruit flies, rodents and humans but the state-of-the-art papers overviewed here show that NDPK does not act simply in mindless rote, inter-converting cellular ‘energy currencies’. That two NDPK isoforms regulate fetal erythroid lineage is a developmental case in point. Seminal Cancer Research UK support is gratefully acknowledged that generated additional resources to enable the NDPK community to meet in Dundee in 2007 (www.dundee.ac.uk/mchs/ndpk; next meeting is planned: 2010/Mannheim-Heidelberg). The presented papers illustrate the point that when scientists are left alone ‘shut up in the narrow cell of their laboratory’ (as the philosopher Ortega once said, a sentiment echoed by Erwin Schrödinger), then progress will ultimately occur bridging the gap between specialization and translation for human benefit. To aid translation, this overview initially introduces the NDPK family to the non-specialist, who serendipitously finds these proteins in their biology. This is immediately followed by examples of the diverse biology generated by this self-aggregating group of multi-functional proteins and finally capped by an emerging idea explaining how this diversity might arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Mehta
- Division of Medical Sciences, Tayside Institute of Child Health, Ninewells Hospital Medical School, Dundee DD19SY, Scotland, UK.
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