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Abdelghany AK, El-Nahass ES, Ibrahim MA, El-Kashlan AM, Emeash HH, Khalil F. Neuroprotective role of medicinal plant extracts evaluated in a scopolamine-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Biomarkers 2022; 27:773-783. [PMID: 35950787 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2112975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease is a debilitating neurological brain disease with memory impairment among the first signs. Scopolamine (SCO), a muscarinic receptor antagonist that disrupts cognition and memory acquisition, is considered a psychopharmacological AD model. We investigate the effectiveness of medicinal plants in mitigating the SCO-induced neurobehavioural damage in rats.Materials and MethodsAnimals were injected with Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate (2.2 mg/kg IP.) daily for 2 months. Each treatment group was administered one of four medicinal spice extracts (Nigella sativa, 400 mg/kg; rosemary, 200 mg/kg; sage, 600 mg/kg and ginseng;200 mg/kg 90 minutes after SCO injection. Animals were subjected to cognitive-behavioral tests (NOR, Y-maze, and MWM). After the experiment, we extracted the brains for histopathological examination and biochemical assessment for oxidative stress (levels of TT, CAT and TBARS) and gene expression of acetylcholinesterase and brain monoamines.ResultsAs expected, SCO treatment impaired memory and cognition, increased oxidative stress, decreased neurotransmitters, and caused severe neurodegenerative changes in the brain.ConclusionSurprisingly, these effects were measurably moderated by the administration of all four plant extracts, indicating a neuroprotective action that we suggest could alleviate AD disease manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa K Abdelghany
- Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - El-Shymaa El-Nahass
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University
| | - Akram M El-Kashlan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Monufia, Egypt
| | - H H Emeash
- Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Fatma Khalil
- Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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Bao Z, Chen W, Pan F, Peng B, Gong J. Role of mitofusin 2 in the protective effect of breviscapine against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3582-3588. [PMID: 29545887 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of breviscapine injection on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. To explore the relevance and discuss the underlying mechanism of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in hepatic I/R injury, 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups (n=8 per group) as follows: Sham, I/R + normal saline 1 (NS1), I/R + breviscapine 1 (Bre1), I/R + NS2 and I/R + Bre2 groups. Groups 1 and 2 represented ischemia for 20 and 60 min, respectively. Breviscapine or normal saline was injected via the tail vein (single dose of 10 mg/kg) 1 h prior to surgery and immediately postoperatively. The classical model of hepatic I/R injury was used in the present study. The blood and liver samples of different groups were collected following reperfusion to observe serum transaminases and histopathological changes. Alterations in Mfn2, cytosolic cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3 were additionally assessed. The results demonstrated that breviscapine improved liver function, based on histopathological analysis, and decreased levels of the liver enzymes aspartate and alanine aminotransferase in the I/R + Bre groups compared with the I/R + NS group (P<0.05). The expression of Mfn2 was significantly increased in the I/R + Bre groups (P<0.05), whereas the expression of caspase-3 and cytosolic cytochrome c protein was decreased in the I/R + Bre groups (P<0.05) compared with the I/R + NS group. These data provided substantial evidence that breviscapine treatment exerted a protective effect against damage induced by hepatic I/R. This protective effect was possibly due to its ability to inhibit I/R-induced apoptosis and promote the expression of Mfn2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Bao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jin Gong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Li W, Cheong YK, Wang H, Ren G, Yang Z. Neuroprotective Effects of Etidronate and 2,3,3-Trisphosphonate Against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in PC12 Cells. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:844-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang W, Gu GJ, Shen X, Zhang Q, Wang GM, Wang PJ. Neural stem cell transplantation enhances mitochondrial biogenesis in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 36:1282-92. [PMID: 25582749 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, especially a defect in mitochondrial biogenesis, is an early and prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies demonstrated that the number of mitochondria is significantly reduced in susceptible hippocampal neurons from AD patients. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation in AD-like mice can compensate for the neuronal loss resulting from amyloid-beta protein deposition. The effects of NSC transplantation on mitochondrial biogenesis and cognitive function in AD-like mice, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we injected NSCs or vehicle into 12-month-old amyloid precursor protein (APP)/PS1 transgenic mice, a mouse model of AD-like pathology. The effects of NSC transplantation on cognitive function, the amount of mitochondrial DNA, the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors and mitochondria-related proteins, and mitochondrial morphology were investigated. Our results show that in NSC-injected APP/PS1 (Tg-NSC) mice, the cognitive function, number of mitochondria, and expression of mitochondria-related proteins, specifically the mitochondrial fission factors (dynamin-related protein 1 [Drp1] and fission 1 [Fis1]) and the mitochondrial fusion factor optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), were significantly increased compared with those in age-matched vehicle-injected APP/PS1 (Tg-Veh) mice, whereas the expression of mitochondrial fusion factors mitofusion 1 (Mfn1) and Mfn2 was significantly decreased. These data indicate that NSC transplantation may enhance mitochondria biogenesis and further rescue cognitive deficits in AD-like mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Jun Gu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Department of Radiology, Traditional Chinese Hospital, Kun Shan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gang-Min Wang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pei-Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Jivad N, Rabiei Z. A review study on medicinal plants used in the treatment of learning and memory impairments. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2014-0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Brot S, Auger C, Bentata R, Rogemond V, Ménigoz S, Chounlamountri N, Girard-Egrot A, Honnorat J, Moradi-Améli M. Collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) induces mitophagy, thereby regulating mitochondrion numbers in dendrites. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:2261-76. [PMID: 24324268 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.490862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy is an essential process to ensure cell homeostasis. Because neurons, which have a high energy demand, are particularly dependent on the mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy represents a key mechanism to ensure correct neuronal function. Collapsin response mediator proteins 5 (CRMP5) belongs to a family of cytosolic proteins involved in axon guidance and neurite outgrowth signaling during neural development. CRMP5, which is highly expressed during brain development, plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal polarity by inhibiting dendrite outgrowth at early developmental stages. Here, we demonstrated that CRMP5 was present in vivo in brain mitochondria and is targeted to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The mitochondrial localization of CRMP5 induced mitophagy. CRMP5 overexpression triggered a drastic change in mitochondrial morphology, increased the number of lysosomes and double membrane vesicles termed autophagosomes, and enhanced the occurrence of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) at the mitochondrial level. Moreover, the lipidated form of LC3, LC3-II, which triggers autophagy by insertion into autophagosomes, enhanced mitophagy initiation. Lysosomal marker translocates at the mitochondrial level, suggesting autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and induced the reduction of mitochondrial content via lysosomal degradation. We show that during early developmental stages the strong expression of endogenous CRMP5, which inhibits dendrite growth, correlated with a decrease of mitochondrial content. In contrast, the knockdown or a decrease of CRMP5 expression at later stages enhanced mitochondrion numbers in cultured neurons, suggesting that CRMP5 modulated these numbers. Our study elucidates a novel regulatory mechanism that utilizes CRMP5-induced mitophagy to orchestrate proper dendrite outgrowth and neuronal function.
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Morán M, Moreno-Lastres D, Marín-Buera L, Arenas J, Martín MA, Ugalde C. Mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction: implications in neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:595-609. [PMID: 22595027 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For decades mitochondria have been considered static round-shaped organelles in charge of energy production. In contrast, they are highly dynamic cellular components that undergo continuous cycles of fusion and fission influenced, for instance, by oxidative stress, cellular energy requirements, or the cell cycle state. New important functions beyond energy production have been attributed to mitochondria, such as the regulation of cell survival, because of their role in the modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and aging. Primary mitochondrial diseases due to mutations in genes involved in these new mitochondrial functions and the implication of mitochondrial dysfunction in multifactorial human pathologies such as cancer, Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, or diabetes has been demonstrated. Therefore, mitochondria are set at a central point of the equilibrium between health and disease, and a better understanding of mitochondrial functions will open new fields for exploring the roles of these mitochondrial pathways in human pathologies. This review dissects the relationships between activity and assembly defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, oxidative damage, and alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, with special focus on their implications for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Morán
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Raras: Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.
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Attenuation of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity by thymoquinone via inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 369:55-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Chen Z, Li Q, Sun Q, Chen H, Wang X, Li N, Yin M, Xie Y, Li H, Tang B. Simultaneous Determination of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Mitochondrial Compartments of Apoptotic HepG2 Cells and PC12 Cells Based On Microchip Electrophoresis–Laser-Induced Fluorescence. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4687-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300255n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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