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Jiang Y, Yan Q, Liu CX, Peng CW, Zheng WJ, Zhuang HF, Huang HT, Liu Q, Liao HL, Zhan SF, Liu XH, Huang XF. Insights into potential mechanisms of asthma patients with COVID-19: A study based on the gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105601. [PMID: 35751199 PMCID: PMC9117163 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently a major challenge threatening the global healthcare system. Respiratory virus infection is the most common cause of asthma attacks, and thus COVID-19 may contribute to an increase in asthma exacerbations. However, the mechanisms of COVID-19/asthma comorbidity remain unclear. Methods The “Limma” package or “DESeq2” package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Alveolar lavage fluid datasets of COVID-19 and asthma were obtained from the GEO and GSV database. A series of analyses of common host factors for COVID-19 and asthma were conducted, including PPI network construction, module analysis, enrichment analysis, inference of the upstream pathway activity of host factors, tissue-specific analysis and drug candidate prediction. Finally, the key host factors were verified in the GSE152418 and GSE164805 datasets. Results 192 overlapping host factors were obtained by analyzing the intersection of asthma and COVID-19. FN1, UBA52, EEF1A1, ITGB1, XPO1, NPM1, EGR1, EIF4E, SRSF1, CCR5, PXN, IRF8 and DDX5 as host factors were tightly connected in the PPI network. Module analysis identified five modules with different biological functions and pathways. According to the degree values ranking in the PPI network, EEF1A1, EGR1, UBA52, DDX5 and IRF8 were considered as the key cohost factors for COVID-19 and asthma. The H2O2, VEGF, IL-1 and Wnt signaling pathways had the strongest activities in the upstream pathways. Tissue-specific enrichment analysis revealed the different expression levels of the five critical host factors. LY294002, wortmannin, PD98059 and heparin might have great potential to evolve into therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 and asthma comorbidity. Finally, the validation dataset confirmed that the expression of five key host factors were statistically significant among COVID-19 groups with different severity and healthy control subjects. Conclusions This study constructed a network of common host factors between asthma and COVID-19 and predicted several drugs with therapeutic potential. Therefore, this study is likely to provide a reference for the management and treatment for COVID-19/asthma comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China.
| | - Qian Yan
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Cheng-Xin Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Chen-Wen Peng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Wen-Jiang Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hong-Fa Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Qiong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hui-Li Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Zhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xiu-Fang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
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Hong JH, Lee YC. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cicadidae Periostracum Extract and Oleic Acid through Inhibiting Inflammatory Chemokines Using PCR Arrays in LPS-Induced Lung inflammation In Vitro. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060857. [PMID: 35743888 PMCID: PMC9225349 DOI: 10.3390/life12060857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of CP and OA treatments in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells on overall chemokines and their receptors using PCR arrays. In addition, we aimed to confirm those effects and mechanisms in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages on some chemokines and cytokines. In our study, CP treatments significantly inhibited the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL9, CCL11, CCL17, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL10, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly suppressing NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the phosphorylations of PI3K p55, Akt, Erk1/2, p38, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells. CP treatments also significantly decreased the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL1, and CXCL2, while markedly inhibiting phospho-PI3K p55 and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages. Likewise, OA treatments significantly suppressed the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL10, CCRL2, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly reducing the phosphorylations of PI3K p85, PI3K p55, p38, JNK, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells. Finally, OA treatments significantly inhibited the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL1, CXCL2, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly suppressing phospho-PI3K p55, iNOS, and Cox-2 in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages. These results prove that CP and OA treatments have anti-inflammatory effects on the inflammatory chemokines and cytokines by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators, including PI3K, Akt, MAPKs, NF-κB, iNOS, and Cox-2. These findings suggest that CP and OA are potential chemokine-based therapeutic substances for treating the lung and airway inflammation seen in allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Cheol Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-730-0672; Fax: +82-33-730-0653
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Pereira CMC, Júnior GJD, Lima JVDN, Alves Lemos SI, da Rocha Rodrigues L, Dos Santos Ferreira J, Araújo ASML, de Oliveira JC, Monteiro CE, Franco ÁX, Pereira Alves EH, Oliveira Silva FG, de Carvalho Filgueiras M, Soares PMG, Pereira Vasconcelos DF, de Oliveira JS, de Brito TV, Barbosa ALR. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma participates in nimesulide-induced hepatic damage. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:496-504. [PMID: 33793830 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the participation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in the liver damage caused by nimesulide. METHODS Liver damage been induced by nimesulide. Mice were treated with either 2% dimethyl sulfoxide or AS605240, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma pathway antagonist. Blood samples were collected for function assays of liver. The liver was removed for analysis of liver weight/animal weight ratio, histopathological parameters, oxidative and nitrous stress, cytokine levels, and the immunostaining for cyclooxygenase 2 and nuclear factor kappa B. KEY FINDINGS Liver injured by nimesulide and treated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma inhibitor significantly reversed (P < 0.05) the damage; it decreased the liver weight/animal weight ratio, histopathological scores, and neutrophil infiltration, consequently reducing oxidative stress. In addition, we show that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma is associated with hepatic damage induced by nimesulide, because it altered liver function and increased the protein immunostaining of cyclooxygenase 2 and nuclear factor kappa B in the liver tissue of nimesulide-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the present study allows us to infer that nimesulide causes liver damage through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Maria C Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Genilson José Dias Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Victor do N Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Sarah Izabelly Alves Lemos
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Lauanda da Rocha Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jayro Dos Santos Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Anna Sofia Miranda Loiola Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Joveline Costa de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Monteiro
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Xavier Franco
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Even Herlany Pereira Alves
- Laboratory of Analysis and Histological Processing (LAPHIS), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisca Géssica Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Carvalho Filgueiras
- Laboratory of Muscle Morphology and Physiology (LAMFIM), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Pedro M G Soares
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Analysis and Histological Processing (LAPHIS), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Soares de Oliveira
- Biochemistry Laboratory of Laticifers Plants (LABPL), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Tarcisio Vieira de Brito
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Reis Barbosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
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Roles of PI3K pan-inhibitors and PI3K-δ inhibitors in allergic lung inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7608. [PMID: 32376843 PMCID: PMC7203230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meta-analysis can be applied to study the effectiveness of the summary estimates for experimental papers, producing objective and unbiased results. We investigated the effects of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) on the inflammatory profile in allergic mouse models, which are currently under development in signal transduction materials. PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant literature using the search terms “ PI3K inhibitor” and “allergy” or “asthma”. Cochrane Review Manager and R were used for handling continuous variables. The primary outcomes of the inflammatory profile were divided into cell counts and inflammatory cytokines. We used a random effects model to draw a forest plot. Through the database search and subsequent selection, 17 articles were identified. Regarding the cell counts, both the PI3K pan-inhibitors and PI3K-δ inhibitors effectively reduced the total cell counts, eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes. In contrast to PI3K-δ inhibitors, PI3K pan-inhibitors effectively reduced macrophages. Regarding the inflammatory cytokines, PI3K pan-inhibitors and PI3K-δ inhibitors effectively reduced total IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF and had no effect on IL-6. Compared to the PI3K pan-inhibitors, which block all pathways, selective PI3K-δ inhibitors are expected to be relatively less toxic. Regarding the efficacy, PI3K-δ inhibitors have at least the same or better efficacy than PI3K pan-inhibitors in effector cells and inflammatory mediators.
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Xing Y, Wei H, Xiao X, Chen Z, Liu H, Tong X, Zhou W. Methylated Vnn1 at promoter regions induces asthma occurrence via the PI3K/Akt/NFκB-mediated inflammation in IUGR mice. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio049106. [PMID: 32139393 PMCID: PMC7197710 DOI: 10.1242/bio.049106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) have a high risk of developing bronchial asthma in childhood, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to disclose the role of vascular non-inflammatory molecule 1 (vannin-1, encoded by the Vnn1 gene) and its downstream signaling in IUGR asthmatic mice induced by ovalbumin. Significant histological alterations and an increase of vannin-1 expression were revealed in IUGR asthmatic mice, accompanied by elevated methylation of Vnn1 promoter regions. In IUGR asthmatic mice, we also found (i) a direct binding of HNF4α and PGC1α to Vnn1 promoter by ChIP assay; (ii) a direct interaction of HNF4α with PGC1α; (iii) upregulation of phospho-PI3K p85/p55 and phospho-AktSer473 and downregulation of phospho-PTENTyr366, and (iv) an increase in nuclear NFκB p65 and a decrease in cytosolic IκB-α. In primary cultured bronchial epithelial cells derived from the IUGR asthmatic mice, knockdown of Vnn1 prevented upregulation of phospho-AktSer473 and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TGF-β production. Taken together, we demonstrate that elevated vannin-1 activates the PI3K/Akt/NFκB signaling pathway, leading to ROS and inflammation reactions responsible for asthma occurrence in IUGR individuals. We also disclose that interaction of PGC1α and HNF4α promotes methylation of Vnn1 promoter regions and then upregulates vannin-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongling Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiumei Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zekun Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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The Peptidylarginine Deiminase Inhibitor Cl-Amidine Suppresses Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112258. [PMID: 29077055 PMCID: PMC5713228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The conversion of peptidylarginine into peptidylcitrulline by calcium-dependent peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, identifying PADs as therapeutic targets for various diseases. The PAD inhibitor Cl-amidine ameliorates the disease course, severity, and clinical manifestation in multiple disease models, and it also modulates dendritic cell (DC) functions such as cytokine production, antigen presentation, and T cell proliferation. The beneficial effects of Cl-amidine make it an attractive compound for PAD-targeting therapeutic strategies in inflammatory diseases. Here, we found that Cl-amidine inhibited nitric oxide (NO) generation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in maturing DCs activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This suppression of NO generation was independent of changes in NO synthase (NOS) enzyme activity levels but was instead dependent on changes in inducible NO synthase (iNOS) transcription and expression levels. Several upstream signaling pathways for iNOS expression, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathways, were not affected by Cl-amidine. By contrast, the LPS-induced signal transducer and the activator of transcription (STAT) phosphorylation and activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcriptional activities (c-Fos, JunD, and phosphorylated c-Jun) were decreased in Cl-amidine-treated DCs. Inhibition of Janus kinase/STAT signaling dramatically suppressed iNOS expression and NO production, whereas AP-1 inhibition had no effect. These results indicate that Cl-amidine-inhibited STAT activation may suppress iNOS expression. Additionally, we found mildly reduced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in Cl-amidine-treated DCs. Our findings indicate that Cl-amidine acts as a novel suppressor of iNOS expression, suggesting that Cl-amidine has the potential to ameliorate the effects of excessive iNOS/NO-linked immune responses.
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Yoo EJ, Ojiaku CA, Sunder K, Panettieri RA. Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Asthma: Novel Roles and Therapeutic Approaches. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:700-707. [PMID: 27977296 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0308tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma manifests as airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, including coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Immune cells and airway structural cells orchestrate asthma pathophysiology, leading to mucus secretion, airway narrowing, and obstruction. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, a lipid kinase, plays a crucial role in many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving asthma pathophysiology and represents an attractive therapeutic target. Here, we summarize the diverse roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the pathogenesis of asthma and discuss novel therapeutic approaches to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J Yoo
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and.,2 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christie A Ojiaku
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and.,2 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna Sunder
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and
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Silver nanoparticles induce anti-proliferative effects on airway smooth muscle cells. Role of nitric oxide and muscarinic receptor signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2013; 224:246-56. [PMID: 24188929 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used to manufacture materials with new properties and functions. However, little is known about their toxic or beneficial effects on human health, especially in the respiratory system, where its smooth muscle (ASM) regulates the airway contractility by different mediators, such as acetylcholine (ACh) and nitric oxide (NO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of AgNPs on ASM cells. Exposure to AgNPs induced ACh-independent expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at 100 μg/mL, associated with excessive production of NO. AgNPs induced the muscarinic receptor activation, since its blockage with atropine and blockage of its downstream signaling pathway inhibited the NO production. AgNPs at 10 and 100 μg/mL induced ACh-independent prolonged cytotoxicity and decreased cellular proliferation mediated by the muscarinic receptor-iNOS pathway. However, the concentration of 100 μg/mL of AgNPs induced muscarinic receptor-independent apoptosis, suggesting the activation of multiple pathways. These data indicate that AgNPs induce prolonged cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on ASM cells, suggesting an activation of the muscarinic receptor-iNOS pathway. Further investigation is required to understand the full mechanisms of action of AgNPs on ASM under specific biological conditions.
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Ratajczak-Wrona W, Jablonska E, Garley M, Jablonski J, Radziwon P, Iwaniuk A, Grubczak K. PI3K-Akt/PKB signaling pathway in neutrophils and mononuclear cells exposed to N-nitrosodimethylamine. J Immunotoxicol 2013; 11:231-7. [PMID: 23971717 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2013.826307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils (PMN) play diverse regulatory and effector functions in the immune system through the release of reactive nitrogen species, including nitric oxide (NO). The enzyme responsible for NO synthesis in PMN is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that is regulated by various signaling pathways, e.g. PI3K-Akt/PKB, and transcription factors. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a xenobiotic widespread in the human environment, affects immune cells. The study objective here was to examine the role of the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway in induction of NO synthesis (with involvement of iNOS) in human PMN, as well as in autologous mononuclear cells (PBMC), exposed to NDMA. Isolated cells were incubated for 2 h with a sub-lethal dose of NDMA and then the expression of several select proteins in the cell cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions were determined by Western blot analyses. The results indicated that NDMA enhanced expression of iNOS, phospho-PI3K, and phospho-IκBα in the cytoplasmic fraction of the PMN and PBMC. The nuclear fraction of these cells also had a higher NF-κB expression. Moreover, in PMN, NDMA caused an increased expression of phospho-Akt (T308), phospho-Akt (S473), and phospho-IKKαβ in the cytoplasm, and c-Jun and FosB in the nuclear fraction. Blocking of PI3K caused a decrease in expression of all these proteins in NDMA-exposed PMN. However, inhibition of PI3K led to a drop in expression of iNOS, phospho-PI3K, and phospho-IκBα in the cytoplasm, and in NF-κB in the nuclear fraction, of PBMC. The results of these studies indicated to us that NDMA activates the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway in human PMN and that this, in turn, contributes to the activation of transcription factors NF-κB, c-Jun, and FosB involved in NO production (through modulation of iNOS expression).
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Zhang WX, Liang YF, Wang XM, Nie Y, Chong L, Lin L, Chen C, Li CC. Urotensin upregulates transforming growth factor-β1 expression of asthma airway through ERK-dependent pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 364:291-8. [PMID: 22270542 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) play a key role in the process of asthma airway remodeling. Urotensin II (UII) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β are potent mitogens for ASMCs proliferation. The study was aimed to determine whether UII-upregulated TGF-β-mediated ASMCs proliferation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was required for such an effect. OVA-sensitized rats were challenged to induce asthma. Lung morphology and airway dynamic parameters were monitored. ASMCs from control and asthma rats were purified for the measurement of UII and TGF-β1 expression. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the direct effect of UII on TGF-β1 expression by ASMCs. Finally, U0126, an ERK inhibitor was used to examine the role of ERK pathway in UII mediated TGF-β1 upregulation. We found that both UII and TGF-β1 were upregulated in asthma lung tissues. In vitro study on ASMCs further revealed that UII may render its effect on ASMCs cells through the upregulation of TGF-β1. Data also supported the conclusion that ERK pathway was required, but not sufficient in UII-induced TGF-β1 upregulation. The current study provides new evidence that UII is involved in the TGF-β mediated mitogenic effect on ASMCs. UII, at least partially, uses ERK pathway to render such effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Xi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
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