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Shi G, Liu L, Cao Y, Ma G, Zhu Y, Xu J, Zhang X, Li T, Mi L, Jia H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhou Y, Li S, Yang G, Liu X, Chen F, Wang B, Deng Q, Zhang S, Zhang J. Inhibition of neutrophil extracellular trap formation ameliorates neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis via STING-dependent IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway in mice with traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:222. [PMID: 37777772 PMCID: PMC10543875 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is one of the most important pathogeneses in secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) forming neutrophils were found throughout the brain tissue of TBI patients and elevated plasma NET biomarkers correlated with worse outcomes. However, the biological function and underlying mechanisms of NETs in TBI-induced neural damage are not yet fully understood. Here, we used Cl-amidine, a selective inhibitor of NETs to investigate the role of NETs in neural damage after TBI. METHODS Controlled cortical impact model was performed to establish TBI. Cl-amidine, 2'3'-cGAMP (an activator of stimulating Interferon genes (STING)), C-176 (a selective STING inhibitor), and Kira6 [a selectively phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1 alpha [IRE1α] inhibitor] were administrated to explore the mechanism by which NETs promote neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after TBI. Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), an essential enzyme for neutrophil extracellular trap formation, is overexpressed with adenoviruses in the cortex of mice 1 day before TBI. The short-term neurobehavior tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), Evans blue extravasation assay, Fluoro-Jade C (FJC), TUNEL, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and quantitative-PCR were performed in this study. RESULTS Neutrophils form NETs presenting in the circulation and brain at 3 days after TBI. NETs inhibitor Cl-amidine treatment improved short-term neurological functions, reduced cerebral lesion volume, reduced brain edema, and restored cerebral blood flow (CBF) after TBI. In addition, Cl-amidine exerted neuroprotective effects by attenuating BBB disruption, inhibiting immune cell infiltration, and alleviating neuronal death after TBI. Moreover, Cl-amidine treatment inhibited microglia/macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization and promoted anti-inflammatory polarization at 3 days after TBI. Mechanistically, STING ligand 2'3'-cGAMP abolished the neuroprotection of Cl-amidine via IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway after TBI. Importantly, overexpression of PAD4 promotes neuroinflammation and neuronal death via the IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway after TBI. However, STING inhibitor C-176 or IRE1α inhibitor Kira6 effectively abolished the neurodestructive effects of PAD4 overexpression after TBI. CONCLUSION Altogether, we are the first to demonstrate that NETs inhibition with Cl-amidine ameliorated neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological deficits via STING-dependent IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway after TBI. Thus, Cl-amidine treatment may provide a promising therapeutic approach for the early management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyao Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshuo Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Tuo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Mi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Guili Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanjun Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
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Shindo S, Pierrelus R, Ikeda A, Nakamura S, Heidari A, Pastore MR, Leon E, Ruiz S, Chheda H, Khatiwala R, Kumagai T, Tolson G, Elderbashy I, Ouhara K, Han X, Hernandez M, Vardar-Sengul S, Shiba H, Kawai T. Extracellular Release of Citrullinated Vimentin Directly Acts on Osteoclasts to Promote Bone Resorption in a Mouse Model of Periodontitis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081109. [PMID: 37190018 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone resorption, a common pathological feature between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), implicates a possible mutually shared pathogenesis. The autoantibody to citrullinated vimentin (CV), a representative biomarker of RA, is reported to promote osteoclastogenesis (OC-genesis). However, its effect on OC-genesis in the context of periodontitis remains to be elucidated. In an in vitro experiment, the addition of exogenous CV upregulated the development of Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinuclear OCs from mouse bone marrow cells and increased the formation of resorption pits. However, Cl-amidine, an irreversible pan-peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor, suppressed the production and secretion of CV from RANKL-stimulated OC precursors, suggesting that the citrullination of vimentin occurs in OC precursors. On the other hand, the anti-vimentin neutralizing antibody suppressed in vitro Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)-induced OC-genesis. The CV-induced upregulation of OC-genesis was abrogated by the Protein kinase C (PKC)-δ inhibitor Rottlerin, accompanied by the downmodulation of OC-genesis-related genes, including Osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP), TRAP and Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP)-kinase phosphorylation. Elevated levels of soluble CV and vimentin-bearing mononuclear cells were found in the bone resorption lesions of periodontitis induced in mice in the absence of an anti-CV antibody. Finally, local injection of anti-vimentin neutralizing antibody suppressed the periodontal bone loss induced in mice. Collectively, these results indicated that the extracellular release of CV promoted OC-genesis and bone resorption in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Shindo
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Roodelyne Pierrelus
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Shin Nakamura
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Alireza Heidari
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Maria Rita Pastore
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Elizabeth Leon
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Sunniva Ruiz
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Harsh Chheda
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rhea Khatiwala
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Tomoki Kumagai
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - George Tolson
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Islam Elderbashy
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Xiaozhe Han
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Maria Hernandez
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Saynur Vardar-Sengul
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Hideki Shiba
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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Du J, Wang N, Sun H, Zheng L, Qi X. Cl-amidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts via the JNK/MAPK, NF-κB, and Nrf2 signalling pathways. Hum Cell 2023; 36:223-33. [PMID: 36352311 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cl-amidine has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of diseases. However, the role of Cl-amidine in periodontal disease remains unclear. Here, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cl-amidine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). The cytotoxic effect of Cl-amidine was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in culture supernatants were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, TLR4 and MyD88 were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. The expression patterns of IL-6, TNF-ɑ, and IL-1β in HGFs were tested with western blot. The levels of NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2 pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was used to examine the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Moreover, a rat gingivitis model was established to further clarify the role of Cl-amidine. Our results showed that Cl-amidine suppressed LPS-induced gingival inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Cl-amidine inhibited LPS-induced MyD88 expression, NF-κB activation, and JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, Cl-amidine upregulated Nrf2 and Ho-1 expression both with and without LPS stimulation but did not alter ROS levels or Keap1 expression. Overall, our data suggest that Cl-amidine acts as an inhibitor of LPS-induced gingival inflammation via the JNK/MAPK, NF-κB, and Nrf2 signalling pathways.
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Shen W, Oladejo AO, Ma X, Jiang W, Zheng J, Imam BH, Wang S, Wu X, Ding X, Ma B, Yan Z. Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation by Cl-Amidine Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endometritis and Uterine Tissue Damage. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1151. [PMID: 35565576 PMCID: PMC9100562 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometritis is a common disease that affects the production in dairy cows and leads to severe losses in the dairy industry. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation promotes pathogenic invasions of the lumen of the tissue, leading to inflammatory diseases such as mastitis, pancreatitis, and septic infection. However, research that could show the relationship between NETs and endometritis is scarce. Cl-amidine has been shown to ameliorate the disease squealing and clinical manifestation in various disease models. In this study, we investigated the role of NETs in LPS-triggered endometritis in rats and evaluated the therapeutic efficiency of Cl-amidine. An LPS-induced endometritis model in rats was established and found that the formation of NETs can be detected in the rat's uterine tissues in vivo. In addition, Cl-amidine treatment can inhibit NETs construction in LPS-induced endometritis in rats. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity assay indicated that Cl-amidine treatment remarkably alleviated the inflammatory cell infiltrations and attenuated the damage to the uterine tissue. The Western blot results indicated that Cl-amidine decreased the expression of citrullinated Histone H3 (Cit-H3) and high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) protein in LPS-induced rat endometritis. The ELISA test indicated that Cl-amidine treatment significantly inhibited the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The NETs were determined by Quant-iTTMPicoGreen dsDNA kit®, which indicated that Cl-amidine significantly inhibited the NETs in rat serum. All results showed that Cl-amidine effectively reduced the expression of Cit-H3 and HMGB1 proteins by inhibiting the formation of NETs, thereby attenuating the inflammatory response to LPS-induced endometritis in rats. Hence, Cl-amidine could be a potential candidate for the treatment of endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Shen
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Ayodele Olaolu Oladejo
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
- Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora 201103, Nigeria
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
| | - Juanshan Zheng
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Bereket Habte Imam
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
- Department of Veterinary Science, Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Keren P.O. Box 397, Eritrea
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
| | - Baohua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zuoting Yan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.S.); (A.O.O.); (X.M.); (W.J.); (J.Z.); (B.H.I.); (S.W.); (X.W.); (X.D.)
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Abstract
Despite effective therapeutic and preventive strategies, atherosclerosis and its complications still represent a substantial health burden. Leukocytes and inflammatory mechanisms are increasingly recognized as drivers of atherosclerosis. Neutrophil granulocytes within the circulation were recently shown to undergo neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, linking innate immunity with acute complications of atherosclerosis. In this chapter, we summarize mechanisms of NET formation, evidence for their involvement in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and potential therapeutic regimens specifically targeting NET components.
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Ahmed D, Puthussery H, Basnett P, Knowles JC, Lange S, Roy I. Controlled Delivery of Pan-PAD-Inhibitor Cl-Amidine Using Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) Microspheres. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312852. [PMID: 34884657 PMCID: PMC8658019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the process of optimization and synthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) microspheres with encapsulated Cl-amidine. Cl-amidine is an inhibitor of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), a group of calcium-dependent enzymes, which play critical roles in a number of pathologies, including autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as cancer. While Cl-amidine application has been assessed in a number of in vitro and in vivo models; methods of controlled release delivery remain to be investigated. P(3HB) microspheres have proven to be an effective delivery system for several compounds applied in antimicrobial, wound healing, cancer, and cardiovascular and regenerative disease models. In the current study, P(3HB) microspheres with encapsulated Cl-amidine were produced in a size ranging from ~4–5 µm and characterized for surface morphology, porosity, hydrophobicity and protein adsorption, in comparison with empty P(3HB) microspheres. Cl-amidine encapsulation in P(3HB) microspheres was optimized, and these were found to be less hydrophobic, compared with the empty microspheres, and subsequently adsorbed a lower amount of protein on their surface. The release kinetics of Cl-amidine from the microspheres were assessed in vitro and expressed as a function of encapsulation efficiency. There was a burst release of ~50% Cl-amidine in the first 24 h and a zero order release from that point up to 16 days, at which time point ~93% of the drug had been released. As Cl-amidine has been associated with anti-cancer effects, the Cl-amidine encapsulated microspheres were assessed for the inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the mammalian breast cancer cell line SK-BR-3, including in the presence of the anti-proliferative drug rapamycin. The cytotoxicity of the combinatorial effect of rapamycin with Cl-amidine encapsulated P(3HB) microspheres was found to be 3.5% more effective within a 24 h period. The cells treated with Cl-amidine encapsulated microspheres alone, were found to have 36.5% reduction in VEGF expression when compared with untreated SK-BR-3 cells. This indicates that controlled release of Cl-amidine from P(3HB) microspheres may be effective in anti-cancer treatment, including in synergy with chemotherapeutic agents. Using controlled drug-delivery of Cl-amidine encapsulated in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) microspheres may be a promising novel strategy for application in PAD-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Ahmed
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6XH, UK;
| | - Hima Puthussery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6XH, UK; (H.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6XH, UK; (H.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK;
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6XH, UK;
- Correspondence: emails: (S.L.); (I.R.); Tel.: +44-(0)207-911-5000 (ext. 64832) (S.L.); +44-(0)114-222-5962 (ext. 64096) (I.R.)
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: emails: (S.L.); (I.R.); Tel.: +44-(0)207-911-5000 (ext. 64832) (S.L.); +44-(0)114-222-5962 (ext. 64096) (I.R.)
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Siddiqui AZ, Bhatti UF, Deng Q, Biesterveld BE, Tian Y, Wu Z, Dahl J, Liu B, Xu J, Koike Y, Song J, Zhang J, Li Y, Alam HB, Williams AM. Cl-Amidine Improves Survival and Attenuates Kidney Injury in a Rabbit Model of Endotoxic Shock. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2021; 22:421-426. [PMID: 32833601 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2020.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Sepsis causes millions of deaths on a global scale annually. Activation of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes in sepsis causes citrullination of histones, which results in neutrophil extracellular trap formation and sepsis progression. This study evaluates pan-PAD inhibitor, Cl-amidine, in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock in rabbits. We hypothesized that Cl-amidine would improve survival and attenuate kidney injury. Methods: In the survival model, rabbits were injected injected intravenously with 1 mg/kg of LPS, and then randomly assigned either to receive dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 1 mcL/g) or Cl-amidine (10 mg/kg diluted in 1 mcL/g DMSO). They were then monitored for 14 days to evaluate survival. In the non-survival experiment, the same insult and treatment were administered, however; the animals were euthanized 12 hours after LPS injection for kidney harvest. Acute kidney injury (AKI) scoring was performed by a histopathologist who was blinded to the group assignment. Serial blood samples were also collected and compared. Results: Rabbits that received Cl-amidine had a higher survival (72%) compared with the rabbits that received DMSO (14%; p < 0.05). Cl-amidine-treated rabbits had lower (p < 0.05) histopathologic AKI scores, as well as plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels 12 hours after insult. Conclusions: Pan-PAD inhibitor Cl-amidine improves survival and attenuates kidney injury in LPS-induced endotoxic shock in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Z Siddiqui
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Umar F Bhatti
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Qiufang Deng
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ben E Biesterveld
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yuzi Tian
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julia Dahl
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Baoling Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yui Koike
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hasan B Alam
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron M Williams
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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8
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Wang C, Wang J, Liu X, Han Z, Aimin Jiang, Wei Z, Yang Z. Cl-amidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse mastitis by inhibiting NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3 signaling pathway and neutrophils extracellular traps release. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104530. [PMID: 32980473 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cl-amidine, a peptidylarginine deiminase inhibitor, has been shown to ameliorate the disease course and clinical manifestation in variety of disease models. Due to the beneficial effects of Cl-amidine, it has been becoming the hottest compound for the study in inflammatory diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of Cl-amidine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mastitis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cl-amidine on LPS-induced mastitis mouse model. The mouse mastitis model was established by injection of LPS through the canals of the mammary gland. Cl-amidine was administered intraperitoneally 1 h before LPS treatment. The results showed that Cl-amidine significantly attenuated the damage of the mammary gland, which suppressed the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). The real-time PCR results indicated that Cl-amidine inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-induced mouse mastitis. Moreover, the western blot results indicated that Cl-amidine decreased the phosphorylation of IκB, p65, p38, ERK and the expression of NLRP3 in LPS-induced mouse mastitis. Furthermore, the neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) were determined by Quant-iT picogreen dsDNA assay kit®, which suggested that Cl-amidine significantly inhibited the NETs in mouse serum. This study demonstrated that Cl-amidine decreased the pathological injury in LPS-induced mouse mastitis by inhibiting NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3 signaling pathway and NETs release, which provides a potential candidate for the treatment of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China
| | - Zhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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9
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Zhang T, Mei Y, Dong W, Wang J, Huang F, Wu J. Evaluation of protein arginine deiminase-4 inhibitor in TNBS- induced colitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106583. [PMID: 32416455 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Many evidences indicated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Citrullination of histones by Protein Arginine Deiminase-4 (PAD4) is central for NETs formation. This paper aimed to explore the definite role of NETs in mouse model of Crohn's disease (CD) with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). METHODS The expression of NETs-associated proteins and mRNAs in colon tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and Real-time Quantitative PCR (QPCR) respectively. Neutrophils were isolated and stimulated in vitro to form NETs. In addition, we also administered Cl-amidine, PAD4 inhibitor, resulting in less NETs formation to investigate protective effect by measuring weight loss, gross bleeding, colon length, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and cytokine expression in mice. RESULTS The results showed enhanced expression of Ly6G, citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and PAD4 in TNBS-induced colitis mice and higher ability of neutrophil to produce NETs in vitro. Blocking NETs formation through Cl-amidine effectively alleviated the clinical colitis index and tissue inflammation in TNBS mice, regulated the expression of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, Cl-amidine reduced the gene expression of PAD4 and the expression of NETs-associated proteins in the colon of TNBS mice and inhibited the formation of NETs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that Cl-amidine could alleviate the clinical colitis index in TNBS mice to some extend and suggested blocking NETs formation through inhibition of PAD4 as therapeutic targets for the treatment of CD.
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10
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Fetz AE, Neeli I, Buddington KK, Read RW, Smeltzer MP, Radic MZ, Bowlin GL. Localized Delivery of Cl-Amidine From Electrospun Polydioxanone Templates to Regulate Acute Neutrophil NETosis: A Preliminary Evaluation of the PAD4 Inhibitor for Tissue Engineering. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:289. [PMID: 29643810 PMCID: PMC5883633 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon interaction, neutrophils can potentially release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on the surface of an implanted electrospun template, which may be a significant preconditioning event for implantable biomaterials of yet unknown consequences. In this study, we investigated the potential of polydioxanone templates as a delivery vehicle for Cl-amidine, an inhibitor of peptidyl arginase deiminase 4 (PAD4), and if drug elution could attenuate PAD4-mediated NETosis in the vicinity of implanted templates. Electrospun polydioxanone templates were fabricated with distinct architectures, small diameter (0.4 μm) or large diameter (1.8 μm) fibers, and incorporated with 0-5 mg/mL Cl-amidine to examine dose-dependent effects. Acute neutrophil-template interactions were evaluated in vitro with freshly isolated human neutrophils and in vivo with a rat subcutaneous implant model. The in vitro results suggest large diameter templates with 0 mg/mL Cl-amidine significantly attenuate NETosis compared to small diameter templates. As the drug concentration increased, NETosis was significantly decreased on small diameter templates in a dose-dependent manner. The opposite was observed for large diameter templates, indicating multiple mechanisms of NETosis may be regulating neutrophil template preconditioning. Similar results were observed in vivo, verifying local NETosis inhibition by Cl-amidine eluting templates in a physiological environment. Importantly, large diameter templates with Cl-amidine enhanced neutrophil invasion and survival, supporting the potential for long-term modulation of tissue integration and regeneration. This preliminary study demonstrates a novel delivery vehicle for Cl-amidine that can be used to regulate acute NETosis as the potential critical link between the innate immune response, inflammation, and template-guided tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison E. Fetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Indira Neeli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | | | - Robert W. Read
- Animal Care Facilities, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- TriMetis Life Sciences, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Matthew P. Smeltzer
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Marko Z. Radic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Gary L. Bowlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
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11
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Jang B, Ishigami A, Kim YS, Choi EK. The Peptidylarginine Deiminase Inhibitor Cl-Amidine Suppresses Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2258. [PMID: 29077055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The conversion of peptidylarginine into peptidylcitrulline by calcium-dependent peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, identifying PADs as therapeutic targets for various diseases. The PAD inhibitor Cl-amidine ameliorates the disease course, severity, and clinical manifestation in multiple disease models, and it also modulates dendritic cell (DC) functions such as cytokine production, antigen presentation, and T cell proliferation. The beneficial effects of Cl-amidine make it an attractive compound for PAD-targeting therapeutic strategies in inflammatory diseases. Here, we found that Cl-amidine inhibited nitric oxide (NO) generation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in maturing DCs activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This suppression of NO generation was independent of changes in NO synthase (NOS) enzyme activity levels but was instead dependent on changes in inducible NO synthase (iNOS) transcription and expression levels. Several upstream signaling pathways for iNOS expression, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathways, were not affected by Cl-amidine. By contrast, the LPS-induced signal transducer and the activator of transcription (STAT) phosphorylation and activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcriptional activities (c-Fos, JunD, and phosphorylated c-Jun) were decreased in Cl-amidine-treated DCs. Inhibition of Janus kinase/STAT signaling dramatically suppressed iNOS expression and NO production, whereas AP-1 inhibition had no effect. These results indicate that Cl-amidine-inhibited STAT activation may suppress iNOS expression. Additionally, we found mildly reduced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in Cl-amidine-treated DCs. Our findings indicate that Cl-amidine acts as a novel suppressor of iNOS expression, suggesting that Cl-amidine has the potential to ameliorate the effects of excessive iNOS/NO-linked immune responses.
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12
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Koushik S, Joshi N, Nagaraju S, Mahmood S, Mudeenahally K, Padmavathy R, Jegatheesan SK, Mullangi R, Rajagopal S. PAD4: pathophysiology, current therapeutics and future perspective in rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:433-447. [PMID: 28281906 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1294160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is an enzyme that plays an important role in gene expression, turning out genetic code into functional products in the body. It is involved in a key post translational modification, which involves the conversion of arginine to citrulline. It regulates various processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and pluripotency, while its dysregulation has a great impact on the genesis of various diseases. Over the last few years PAD4 has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Areas covered: In this review, we discuss the basic structure and function of PAD4, along with the role of altered PAD4 activity in the onset of RA and other maladies. We also elucidate the role of PAD4 variants in etiology of RA among several ethnic groups and the current pre-clinical inhibitors to regulate PAD4. Expert opinion: Citrullination has a crucial role in RA and several other disorders. Since PAD4 is an initiator of the citrullination, it is an important therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. Therefore, an in depth knowledge of the roles and activity of PAD4 is required to explore more effective ways to conquer PAD4 related ailments, especially RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Koushik
- a Bioinformatics , Jubilant Biosys Ltd ., Bangalore , India
| | - Nivedita Joshi
- a Bioinformatics , Jubilant Biosys Ltd ., Bangalore , India
| | | | - Sameer Mahmood
- a Bioinformatics , Jubilant Biosys Ltd ., Bangalore , India
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13
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Papadaki G, Kambas K, Choulaki C, Vlachou K, Drakos E, Bertsias G, Ritis K, Boumpas DT, Thompson PR, Verginis P, Sidiropoulos P. Neutrophil extracellular traps exacerbate Th1-mediated autoimmune responses in rheumatoid arthritis by promoting DC maturation. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2542-2554. [PMID: 27585946 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a key feature in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and plays a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. However, the mechanism through which NETs shape the autoimmune response in RA remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of peptidylarginine deiminases activity in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model significantly reduces NET formation, attenuates clinical disease activity, and prevents joint destruction. Importantly, peptidylarginine deiminase 4 blocking markedly reduces the frequency of collagen-specific IFN-γ-producing T helper 1 (Th1) cells in the draining lymph nodes of immunized mice. Exposure of dendritic cells (DCs) to CIA-derived NETs induces DC maturation characterized by significant upregulation of costimulatory molecules, as well as elevated secretion of IL-6. Moreover, CIA-NET-treated DCs promote the induction of antigen-specific Th1 cells in vitro. Finally, NETs from RA patients show an increased potential to induce the maturation of DCs from healthy individuals, corroborating the findings obtained in CIA mouse model. Collectively, our findings delineate an important role of NETs in the induction and expansion of Th1 pathogenic cells in CIA through maturation of DCs and reveal a novel role of NETs in shaping the RA-autoimmune response that could be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garyfalia Papadaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christiana Choulaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Vlachou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul R Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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14
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Jang B, Kim HW, Kim JS, Kim WS, Lee BR, Kim S, Kim H, Han SJ, Ha SJ, Shin SJ. Peptidylarginine deiminase inhibition impairs Toll-like receptor agonist-induced functional maturation of dendritic cells, resulting in the loss of T cell-proliferative capacity: a partial mechanism with therapeutic potential in inflammatory settings. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 97:351-62. [PMID: 25420918 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0314-142rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cl-amidine, which is a small-molecule inhibitor of PAD, has therapeutic potential for inflammation-mediated diseases. However, little is known regarding the manner by which PAD inhibition by Cl-amidine regulates inflammatory conditions. Here, we investigated the effects of PAD inhibition by Cl-amidine on the functioning of DCs, which are pivotal immune cells that mediate inflammatory diseases. When DC maturation was induced by TLR agonists, reduced cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12p70) were observed in Cl-amidine-treated DCs. Cl-amidine-treated, LPS-activated DCs exhibited alterations in their mature and functional statuses with up-regulated antigen uptake, down-regulated CD80, and MHC molecules. In addition, Cl-amidine-treated DCs dysregulated peptide-MHC class formations. Interestingly, the decreased cytokines were independent of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways and transcription levels, indicating that PAD inhibition by Cl-amidine may be involved in post-transcriptional steps of cytokine production. Transmission electron microscopy revealed morphotypical changes with reduced dendrites in the Cl-amidine-treated DCs, along with altered cellular compartments, including fragmented ERs and the formation of foamy vesicles. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo Cl-amidine treatments impaired the proliferation of naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Overall, our findings suggest that Cl-amidine has therapeutic potential for treating inflammation-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungki Jang
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Won Kim
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Ryeong Lee
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Kim
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hongmin Kim
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Jung Han
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- *Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Bicker KL, Anguish L, Chumanevich AA, Cameron MD, Cui X, Witalison E, Subramanian V, Zhang X, Chumanevich AP, Hofseth LJ, Coonrod SA, Thompson PR. D-amino acid based protein arginine deiminase inhibitors: Synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and in cellulo efficacy. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:1081-1085. [PMID: 23420624 DOI: 10.1021/ml300288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein arginine deiminases (PADs) are known to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of multiple inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. However, it is not known how each of the five PAD isozymes contributes to disease pathogenesis. As such, potent, selective, and bioavailable PAD inhibitors will be useful chemical probes to elucidate the specific roles of each isozyme. Since D-amino amino acids often possess enhanced in cellulo stability, and perhaps unique selectivities, we synthesized a series of D-amino acid analogs of our pan-PAD inhibitor Cl-amidine, hypothesizing that this change would provide inhibitors with enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we demonstrate that d-Cl-amidine and d-o-F-amidine are potent and highly selective inhibitors of PAD1. The pharmacokinetic properties of d-Cl-amidine were moderately improved over those of l-Cl-amidine, and this compound exhibited similar cell killing in a PAD1 expressing, triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. These inhibitors represent an important step in our efforts to develop stable, bioavailable, and highly selective inhibitors for all of the PAD isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - Lynne Anguish
- Baker Institute
for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Molecular
Biology and Genetics, and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Alexander A. Chumanevich
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
29201, United States
| | - Michael D. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - Xiangli Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
29201, United States
| | - Erin Witalison
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
29201, United States
| | - Venkataraman Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - Xuesen Zhang
- Baker Institute
for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Molecular
Biology and Genetics, and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Alena P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
29201, United States
| | - Lorne J. Hofseth
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
29201, United States
| | - Scott A. Coonrod
- Baker Institute
for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Molecular
Biology and Genetics, and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Paul R. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
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