1
|
Kanemoto S. G protein-coupled receptor 84 gene expression is regulated by the ER stress response in the liver. J Biochem 2024; 176:55-68. [PMID: 38471516 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 84 (Gpr84) is reportedly activated by medium-chain fatty acids and is involved in the pathology of liver fibrosis. Inflammatory stimulants, such as lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-α, upregulate Gpr84 expression. However, the detailed molecular mechanism by which Gpr84 is induced remains unknown. Inflammatory stimulation also evokes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but there has been no direct evidence to link Gpr84 expression and the ER stress response. Administration of tunicamycin (Tm) provokes ER stress and acute steatosis in the liver tissue of mice. Here, in situ hybridization analysis revealed that induction of Gpr84 expression occurred in parenchymal cells in the liver tissue following Tm administration. Gene expression analysis using a reporter assay showed that the intron 1 region of Gpr84 was involved in induction of the gene under ER stress conditions. Furthermore, Tm-dependent upregulation of Gpr84 was blocked by the small chemical compound AEBSF, an inhibitor of ER stress transducers, in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the current study marks the discovery that the ER stress agent Tm induces the expression of Gpr84.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soshi Kanemoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rivera CN, Smith CE, Draper LV, Watne RM, Wommack AJ, Vaughan RA. Physiological 4-phenylbutyrate promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism in C2C12 myotubes. Biochimie 2024; 219:155-164. [PMID: 38008282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by elevated circulating blood metabolites such as glucose, insulin, and branched chain amino acids (BCAA), which often coincide with reduced mitochondrial function. 4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA), an ammonia scavenger, has been shown to activate BCAA metabolism, resolve endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and rescue BCAA-mediated insulin resistance. To determine the effect of PBA on the altered metabolic phenotype featured in type 2 diabetes, the present study investigated the effect of PBA on various metabolic parameters including mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. C2C12 myotubes were treated with PBA at 0.5 mM (representing physiologically attainable blood concentrations) or 10 mM (representing physiologically unattainable/proof-of-concept levels) for up to 24 h. Mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism were assessed via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate, respectively. Mitochondrial content, lipid content, and ER stress were measured by fluorescent staining. Metabolic gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Both doses of PBA increased expression of indicators of mitochondrial biogenesis, though only PBA at 0.5 mM increased mitochondrial function and content while 10 mM PBA reduced mitochondrial function and content. PBA at 0.5 mM also rescued reduced mitochondrial function during insulin resistance, though PBA also caused a reduced insulin stimulated pAkt expression during insulin resistance. PBA treatment also increased extracellular BCAA accumulation during insulin resistance despite unchanged pBCKDH expression. Taken together, PBA may increase mitochondrial biogenesis, content, and function in a dose-dependent fashion which may have implications for prevention or treatment of metabolic disease such as insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline N Rivera
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Carly E Smith
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Lillian V Draper
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Rachel M Watne
- Department of Chemistry, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Andrew J Wommack
- Department of Chemistry, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Roger A Vaughan
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mukherjee D, Chakraborty S, Bercz L, D’Alesio L, Wedig J, Torok MA, Pfau T, Lathrop H, Jasani S, Guenther A, McGue J, Adu-Ampratwum D, Fuchs JR, Frankel TL, Pietrzak M, Culp S, Strohecker AM, Skardal A, Mace TA. Tomatidine targets ATF4-dependent signaling and induces ferroptosis to limit pancreatic cancer progression. iScience 2023; 26:107408. [PMID: 37554459 PMCID: PMC10405072 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with high metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a master regulator of cellular stress, is exploited by cancer cells to survive. Prior research and data reported provide evidence that high ATF4 expression correlates with worse overall survival in PDAC. Tomatidine, a natural steroidal alkaloid, is associated with inhibition of ATF4 signaling in multiple diseases. Here, we discovered that in vitro and in vivo tomatidine treatment of PDAC cells inhibits tumor growth. Tomatidine inhibited nuclear translocation of ATF4 and reduced the transcriptional binding of ATF4 with downstream promoters. Tomatidine enhanced gemcitabine chemosensitivity in 3D ECM-hydrogels and in vivo. Tomatidine treatment was associated with induction of ferroptosis signaling validated by increased lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and decreased GPX4 expression in PDAC cells. This study highlights a possible therapeutic approach utilizing a plant-derived metabolite, tomatidine, to target ATF4 activity in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Mukherjee
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Srija Chakraborty
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lena Bercz
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Liliana D’Alesio
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica Wedig
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Molly A. Torok
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Timothy Pfau
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hannah Lathrop
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shrina Jasani
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abigail Guenther
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jake McGue
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Adu-Ampratwum
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stacey Culp
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anne M. Strohecker
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Delbrouck JA, Desgagné M, Comeau C, Bouarab K, Malouin F, Boudreault PL. The Therapeutic Value of Solanum Steroidal (Glyco)Alkaloids: A 10-Year Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:4957. [PMID: 37446619 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroidal (glycol)alkaloids S(G)As are secondary metabolites made of a nitrogen-containing steroidal skeleton linked to a (poly)saccharide, naturally occurring in the members of the Solanaceae and Liliaceae plant families. The genus Solanum is familiar to all of us as a food source (tomato, potato, eggplant), but a few populations have also made it part of their ethnobotany for their medicinal properties. The recent development of the isolation, purification and analysis techniques have shed light on the structural diversity among the SGAs family, thus attracting scientists to investigate their various pharmacological properties. This review aims to overview the recent literature (2012-2022) on the pharmacological benefits displayed by the SGAs family. Over 17 different potential therapeutic applications (antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, etc.) were reported over the past ten years, and this unique review analyzes each pharmacological effect independently without discrimination of either the SGA's chemical identity or their sources. A strong emphasis is placed on the discovery of their biological targets and the subsequent cellular mechanisms, discussing in vitro to in vivo biological data. The therapeutic value and the challenges of the solanum steroidal glycoalkaloid family is debated to provide new insights for future research towards clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien A Delbrouck
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Michael Desgagné
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christian Comeau
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Kamal Bouarab
- Centre SEVE, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - François Malouin
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo L, Li Y, Xing Z, Zhang J, Zhang J. Role of VEGFB in electrical pulse stimulation inhibits apoptosis in C2C12 myotubes. Peptides 2022; 154:170823. [PMID: 35660637 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the major effector organ for exercise. It has been proposed that VEGFB is significantly related to apoptosis in various cell types but not yet in skeletal muscle. We hypothesize that the decrease of VEGFB in skeletal muscle participates in the occurrence of skeletal muscle apoptosis and that exercise inhibits apoptosis by elevating the expression of VEGFB in skeletal muscle cells. Based on this hypothesis, we developed in vitro experiments to mimic the effect of exercise through electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to observe the effect of EPS on apoptosis and the change in VEGFB expression in differentiated myotubes. In addition, we employed RNA interference to explore whether VEGFB is directly involved in the regulation of myotube apoptosis during EPS. Our results showed that exogenous VEGFB167 significantly inhibited C2C12 myotube apoptosis induced by TNF-α treatment and that endogenous VEGFB in differentiated C2C12 myotubes was significantly upregulated by EPS. In addition, EPS significantly changed the expression of the apoptotic indicators Bax and Bcl-2 at the mRNA level and downregulated the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3. The antiapoptotic effect of EPS weakened substantially as VEGFB in C2C12 myotubes was inhibited. Taken together, these results indicate that exercise-like EPS inhibits apoptosis by increasing the expression of C2C12 myotube-derived VEGFB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LanLan Guo
- School of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - YanJun Li
- School of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zheng Xing
- School of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - JingBo Zhang
- School of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of P.E. and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bailly C. The steroidal alkaloids α-tomatine and tomatidine: Panorama of their mode of action and pharmacological properties. Steroids 2021; 176:108933. [PMID: 34695457 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The steroidal glycoalkaloid α-tomatine (αTM) and its aglycone tomatidine (TD) are abundant in the skin of unripe green tomato and present in tomato leaves and flowers. They mainly serve as defensive agents to protect the plant against infections by insects, bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. In addition, the two products display a range of pharmacological properties potentially useful to treat various human diseases. We have analyzed all known pharmacological activities of αTM and TD, and the corresponding molecular targets and pathways impacted by these two steroidal alkaloids. In experimental models, αTM displays anticancer effects, particularly strong against androgen-independent prostate cancer, as well as robust antifungal effects. αTM is a potent cholesterol binder, useful as a vaccine adjuvant to improve delivery of protein antigens or therapeutic oligonucleotides. TD is a much less cytotoxic compound, able to restrict the spread of certain viruses (such as dengue, chikungunya and porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses) and to provide cardio and neuro-protective effects toward human cells. Both αTM and TD exhibit marked anti-inflammatory activities. They proceed through multiple signaling pathways and protein targets, including the sterol C24 methyltransferase Erg6 and vitamin D receptor, both directly targeted by TD. αTM is a powerful regulator of the NFkB/ERK signaling pathway implicated in various diseases. Collectively, the analysis shed light on the multitargeted action of αTM/TD and their usefulness as chemo-preventive or chemotherapeutic agents. A novel medicinal application for αTM is proposed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu X, Zhou J, Zhao F, Liu X, Mao Y, Diao L, Wen C, Liu M. Tomatidine Suppresses the Destructive Behaviors of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Ameliorates Type II Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:670707. [PMID: 34512321 PMCID: PMC8426578 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.670707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are the prominent non-immune cells in synovium and play a pivotal role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Searching for natural compounds that may suppress the pathological phenotypes of FLSs is important for the development of RA treatment. Tomatidine (Td), a steroidal alkaloid derived from the solanaceae family, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects. However, its effect on RA remains unknown. Here, we examined the inhibitory effect of Td on TNFα-induced arthritic FLSs, and subsequently investigated its therapeutic effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Our results revealed that Td significantly inhibited TNFα-induced proliferation and migration of arthritic FLSs. In addition, we found that Td treatment could efficaciously ameliorate synovial inflammation and joint destruction of rats with CIA. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that Td significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, and downregulated the expression of MMP-9 and RANKL. Further molecular mechanism studies revealed that the inhibitory effect of Td on RA might attribute to the decreased activations of MAPKs (ERK and JNK) and NF-κB. These findings provide evidence that Td has the potential to be developed into a complementary or alternative agent for RA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junnan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuli Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhang Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Diao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjun Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chu X, Yu T, Huang X, Xi Y, Ni B, Zhang R, You H. Tomatidine suppresses inflammation in primary articular chondrocytes and attenuates cartilage degradation in osteoarthritic rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12799-12811. [PMID: 32628132 PMCID: PMC7377830 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of tomatidine alleviate osteoarthritis (OA)-related pathology in primary articular chondrocytes and a rat OA model. STITCH database analysis identified 22 tomatidine-target genes that were enriched in 78 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Moreover,39 of the 105 OA-related KEGG pathways were related to tomatidine-target genes. The top two OA-related KEGG pathways with tomatidine-target genes were the MAPK and neutrophin signaling pathways. Pretreating primary chondrocytes with tomatidine suppressed interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP1, MMP3, MMP13, and ADAMTS-5. Tomatidine also suppressed IL-1β-induced degradation of collagen-II and aggrecan proteins by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. In a rat OA model, histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed significantly less cartilage degeneration in thetibiofemoral joints of rats treated for 12 weeks with tomatidine after OA induction (experimental group) than in untreated OA group rats. However, micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) showed that tomatidine did not affect remodeling of the subchondral bone at the tibial plateau. These data shows that tomatidine suppresses IL-1β-induced inflammation in primary chondrocytes by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, and protects against cartilage destruction in a rat OA model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xiaojian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Bowei Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Du Y, Yang F, Lv D, Zhang Q, Yuan X. MiR-147 inhibits cyclic mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis in L6 myoblasts via ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum stress by targeting BRMS1. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:1151-1161. [PMID: 31628639 PMCID: PMC6882977 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional orthopedic treatment is effective for the correction of malformation. Studies demonstrated myoblasts undergo proliferation and apoptosis on certain stretch conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and participate in various biological processes, including proliferation and apoptosis. One hypothesis suggested that miRNA was involved into the procedure via suppressing its target genes then triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Therefore, miRNAs play important roles in the regulation of the proliferation and apoptosis of myoblasts. In our study, the miR-147 has been explored. A cyclic mechanical stretch model was established to observe the features of rat L6 myoblasts. The detection of mRNA and protein levels was performed by qRT-PCR and western blot. L6 cell proliferation/apoptosis was checked by CCK-8 assay, DNA fragmentation assay, and caspase-3 activity assay. MiRNA transfections were performed as per the manufacturer's suggestions: (1) cyclic mechanical stretch induced apoptosis of L6 myoblasts and inhibition of miR-147; (2) miR-147 attenuated cyclic mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis of L6 myoblasts; (3) miR-147 attenuated cyclic mechanical stretch-induced L6 myoblast endoplasmic reticulum stress; (4) BRMS1 was a direct target of miR-147 in L6 myoblasts; (5) miR-147/BRMS1 axis participated in the regulation of cyclic mechanical stress on L6 myoblasts. MiR-147 attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress by targeting BRMS1 to inhibit cyclic mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis of L6 myoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Du
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Lv
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics II, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Orthodontics II, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|