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Dopamine-related polymorphisms and Affective Working Memory in aging. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 191:107623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu H, Liu H, Li F, Han B, Wang C. Effect of Cognitive Control on Attentional Processing of Emotional Information Among Older Adults: Evidence From an Eye-Tracking Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:644379. [PMID: 33994995 PMCID: PMC8116557 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.644379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although numerous studies have suggested that the gradually increasing selective preference for positive information over negative information in older adults depends on cognitive control processes, few have reported the characteristics of different attention stages in the emotional processing of older individuals. The present study used a real-time eye-tracking technique to disentangle the attentional engagement and disengagement processes involved in age-related positivity effect (PE). Methods: Eye movement data from a spatial-cueing task were obtained for 32 older and 32 younger healthy participants. The spatial-cueing task with varied cognitive loads appeared to be an effective way to explore the role of cognitive control during the attention engagement and disengagement stages of emotion processing. Results: Compared with younger adults, older participants showed more positive gaze preferences when cognitive resources were sufficient for face processing at the attention engagement stage. However, the age-related PE was not observed at the attention disengagement stage because older adults had more difficulty disengaging from fearful faces than did the younger adults due to the consumption of attention by the explicit target judgment. Conclusion: The present study highlights how cognitive control moderates positive gaze preferences at different attention processing stages. These findings may have far-reaching implications for understanding, preventing, and intervening in unsuccessful aging and, thus, in promoting active and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Liu
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Haihong Liu
- Psychology Department, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well Being Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, The National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Feng Li
- School of Statistics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China
- Research Center of Applied Statistics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China
| | - Buxin Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuili Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Palumbo R, Di Domenico A, Fairfield B, Mammarella N. When twice is better than once: increased liking of repeated items influences memory in younger and older adults. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 33549132 PMCID: PMC7866445 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have reported that the repeated presentation of a stimulus leads to an increase in positive affect towards the stimulus itself (the so-called mere exposure effect). Here, we evaluate whether changes in liking due to repetition may have a differential impact on subsequent memories in younger and older adults. METHOD In two experiments, younger and older adults were asked to rate a series of nonwords (Experiment 1) or unfamiliar neutral faces (Experiment 2) in terms of how much they like them and then presented with a surprise yes-no recognition memory task. At study, items were repeated either consecutively (massed presentation) or with a lag of 6 intervening items (spaced presentation). RESULTS In both experiments, participants rated spaced repeated items more positively than massed items, i.e. they liked them most. Moreover, older adults remembered spaced stimuli that they liked most better than younger adults. CONCLUSIONS The findings are discussed in accordance with the mechanisms underlying positivity effects in memory and the effect of repetition on memory encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences (DiSPuTer), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Department of Neurology, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences (DiSPuTer), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences (DiSPuTer), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences (DiSPuTer), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Memory for item-location bindings is enhanced in older adults with appetitive motivationally laden pictures. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 85:951-957. [PMID: 32185456 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-020-01312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Both the selection and consumption of food are biologically necessary for survival. Consequently, individuals may consider food as a primary and biologically relevant stimulus. In addition, recent findings support specific patterns of food preference during the lifespan development. Indeed, the preference for sweet taste largely observed in newborns and children seems to decline in young adults and then re-emerge again in older adults. This motivational preference for sweet food in older adults may be potentially useful in the cognitive domain since many studies have found that motivationally or emotionally laden information is more likely to be detected, stored in memory and retrieved better than neutral information. To address this issue, we designed an item-location binding task with sweet food, savory food and object pictures, and asked young and older adults to maintain information in working memory and respond based on memory for either individual features or feature combination (i.e., identification, location, or combined identification + location information). Results evidenced a significant enhancement of older adults' performance in the binding of motivationally relevant stimuli and their location, evidencing the potential usefulness of motivationally laden stimuli in promoting more effective binding processes and probably, more general working memory processes.
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Anticipatory feelings: Neural correlates and linguistic markers. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:308-324. [PMID: 32061891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review introduces anticipatory feelings (AF) as a new construct related to the process of anticipation and prediction of future events. AF, defined as the state of awareness of physiological and neurocognitive changes that occur within an oganism in the form of a process of adapting to future events, are an important component of anticipation and expectancy. They encompass bodily-related interoceptive and affective components and are influenced by intrapersonal and dispositional factors, such as optimism, hope, pessimism, or worry. In the present review, we consider evidence from animal and human research, including neuroimaging studies, to characterize the brain structures and brain networks involved in AF. The majority of studies reviewed revealed three brain regions involved in future oriented feelings: 1) the insula; 2) the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC); and 3) the amygdala. Moreover, these brain regions were confirmed by a meta-analysis, using a platform for large-scale, automated synthesis of fMRI data. Finally, by adopting a neurolinguistic and a big data approach, we illustrate how AF are expressed in language.
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Palumbo R, Mammarella N, Di Domenico A, Fairfield B. When and where in aging: the role of music on source monitoring. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:669-676. [PMID: 29714026 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-0955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Difficulties in source monitoring (SM) tasks observed in healthy older adults may be linked to associative memory deficits since SM requires individuals to correctly bind and later remember these bound features to discriminate the origin of a memory. Therefore, focusing attention on discriminating factors that may attenuate older adults' difficulties in attributing contextual information to memories is necessary. We investigated the effect of affective information on source monitoring in younger and older adults by manipulating the type of affective information (pictures and music) and assessing the ability to remember spatial and temporal source details for affective pictures encoded while listening to classical music. Older and younger adults viewed a series of affective IAPS pictures presented on the left or right side of the computer screen in two different lists. At test, participants were asked to remember if the picture was seen (right/left), in which list (list1/list2) or whether it was new. Results showed that spatial information was attributed better than temporal information and emotional pictures were attributed better than neutral pictures in both younger and older adults. In addition, although music significantly increased source memory performance in both younger and older participants compared to the white noise condition, the pleasantness of music differentially affected memory for source details. The authors discuss findings in terms of an interaction between music, emotion and cognition in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
- CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
- CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
- CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
- CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Bopp KL, Verhaeghen P. Aging and n-Back Performance: A Meta-Analysis. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2018; 75:229-240. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gby024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Bopp
- Wofford College, Spartanburg, South Carolina
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Fairfield B, Mammarella N, Di Domenico A, D'Aurora M, Stuppia L, Gatta V. The ADRA2B gene in the production of false memories for affective information in healthy female volunteers. Behav Brain Res 2017; 333:218-224. [PMID: 28697904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
False memories are common memory distortions in everyday life and seem to increase with affectively connoted complex information. In line with recent studies showing a significant interaction between the noradrenergic system and emotional memory, we investigated whether healthy volunteer carriers of the deletion variant of the ADRA2B gene that codes for the α2b-adrenergic receptor are more prone to false memories than non-carriers. In this study, we collected genotype data from 212 healthy female volunteers; 91 ADRA2B carriers and 121 non-carriers. To assess gene effects on false memories for affective information, factorial mixed model analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were conducted with genotype as the between-subjects factor and type of memory error as the within-subjects factor. We found that although carriers and non-carriers made comparable numbers of false memory errors, they showed differences in the direction of valence biases, especially for inferential causal errors. Specifically, carriers produced fewer causal false memory errors for scripts with a negative outcome, whereas non-carriers showed a more general emotional effect and made fewer causal errors with both positive and negative outcomes. These findings suggest that putatively higher levels of noradrenaline in deletion carriers may enhance short-term consolidation of negative information and lead to fewer memory distortions when facing negative events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco D'Aurora
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Gatta
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; CeSI-Met, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Fairfield B, Di Domenico A, Serricchio S, Borella E, Mammarella N. Emotional prosody effects on verbal memory in older and younger adults. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2017; 24:408-417. [PMID: 27683956 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1219690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Prosody, or the way things are said, can modify the meaning of utterances making qualitatively different affective prosodies useful for understanding how auditory affective information is processed and remembered. In this study, we collected behavioral data from 225 younger (M age = 20.8 years, SD = 2.5 years; 119 males) and 225 older adults (M age = 71.6 years, SD = 6.5 years; 119 males) in order to examine age differences in emotional prosody effects on verbal memory. Participants were randomly divided into three subgroups according to different prosody listening conditions (positive, negative, and neutral) and prosody effects on a yes-no recognition memory task were investigated. The results showed how older adults who listened to the story read with a neutral prosody remembered more words than those who listened to the same story with a positive or negative prosody. Younger adults showed no valence effects. Our findings highlighted an age and affective prosody interaction that affects remembering in older adults alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fairfield
- a Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences , University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- a Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences , University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
| | - Sonia Serricchio
- a Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences , University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
| | - Erika Borella
- b Department of General Psychology , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- a Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences , University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
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Mammarella N, Di Domenico A, Palumbo R, Fairfield B. Self-generation and positivity effects following transcranial random noise stimulation in medial prefrontal cortex: A reality monitoring task in older adults. Cortex 2016; 91:186-196. [PMID: 27912894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC) has been typically found during reality monitoring tasks (i.e., distinguishing between internal self-generated vs external information). No study, however, has yet investigated whether transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) over the mPFC leads to a reduction in reality-monitoring misattributions in aging. In particular, stimulating mPFC should increase the number of cognitive operations engaged while encoding and this distinctive information may help older adults to discriminate between internal and external sources better. In addition, given that older adults are more sensitive to positively-charged information compared to younger adults and that mPFC is typically recruited during encoding of positive stimuli with reference to themselves, activation of mPFC should further sustain source retrieval in older adults. In this double-blind, sham-controlled study, we examined whether tRNS over the mPFC of healthy younger and older adults during encoding enhances subsequent reality monitoring for seen versus imagined emotionally-charged words. Our findings show that tRNS enhances reality monitoring for positively-charged imagined words in the older adult group alone, highlighting the role that mPFC plays in their memory for positive information. In line with the control-based account of positivity effects, our results add evidence about the neurocognitive processes involved in reality monitoring when older adults face emotionally-charged events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Italy
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11
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Di Domenico A, Palumbo R, Fairfield B, Mammarella N. Fighting apathy in Alzheimer's dementia: A brief emotional-based intervention. Psychiatry Res 2016; 242:331-335. [PMID: 27336799 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lack of motivation, or apathy, is a clinically significant feature among dementia patients. The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a brief emotional shaping intervention developed to reduce apathy and increase willingness-to-do in Alzheimer's Dementia patients. To this end, 26 Alzheimer patients diagnosed with apathy according to the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES, Marin et al.,1991) and 26 healthy older controls performed an emotional shaping task intended to unconsciously foster willingness-to-do. Participants were randomly assigned to either a positive or a neutral conditioning situation. Results showed how the positively conditioned group was associated with improved willingness-to-do in both patients and controls compared to the neutrally conditioned group. Our findings suggest that unconscious emotional processing can be used to treat apathy symptoms and increase willingness-to-do in Alzheimer's Dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Chieti, Italy; Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St, Boston, 02114 MA, USA.
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Chieti, Italy
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12
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Fairfield B, Altamura M, Padalino FA, Balzotti A, Di Domenico A, Mammarella N. False Memories for Affective Information in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:191. [PMID: 27965600 PMCID: PMC5127850 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown a direct link between memory for emotionally salient experiences and false memories. In particular, emotionally arousing material of negative and positive valence enhanced reality monitoring compared to neutral material since emotional stimuli can be encoded with more contextual details and thereby facilitate the distinction between presented and imagined stimuli. Individuals with schizophrenia appear to be impaired in both reality monitoring and memory for emotional experiences. However, the relationship between the emotionality of the to-be-remembered material and false memory occurrence has not yet been studied. In this study, 24 patients and 24 healthy adults completed a false memory task with everyday episodes composed of 12 photographs that depicted positive, negative, or neutral outcomes. Results showed how patients with schizophrenia made a higher number of false memories than normal controls (p < 0.05) when remembering episodes with positive or negative outcomes. The effect of valence was apparent in the patient group. For example, it did not affect the production causal false memories (p > 0.05) resulting from erroneous inferences but did interact with plausible, script consistent errors in patients (i.e., neutral episodes yielded a higher degree of errors than positive and negative episodes). Affective information reduces the probability of generating causal errors in healthy adults but not in patients suggesting that emotional memory impairments may contribute to deficits in reality monitoring in schizophrenia when affective information is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
| | - Mario Altamura
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Flavia A Padalino
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Angela Balzotti
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | | | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Chieti , Chieti , Italy
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Mammarella N, Fairfield B, Di Domenico A. Commentary: Spacing as the friend of both memory and induction in young and older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:226. [PMID: 26696879 PMCID: PMC4678222 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Chieti Chieti, Italy
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Chieti Chieti, Italy
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Fairfield B, Mammarella N, Palumbo R, Di Domenico A. Emotional Meta-Memories: A Review. Brain Sci 2015; 5:509-20. [PMID: 26569320 PMCID: PMC4701025 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci5040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional meta-memory can be defined as the knowledge people have about the strategies and monitoring processes that they can use to remember their emotionally charged memories. Although meta-memory per se has been studied in many cognitive laboratories for many years, fewer studies have explicitly focused on meta-memory for emotionally charged or valenced information. In this brief review, we analyzed a series of behavioral and neuroimaging studies that used different meta-memory tasks with valenced information in order to foster new research in this direction, especially in terms of commonalities/peculiarities of the emotion and meta-memory interaction. In addition, results further support meta-cognitive models that take emotional factors into account when defining meta-memory per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Via deiVestini 31, Chieti 66013, Italy.
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Via deiVestini 31, Chieti 66013, Italy.
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Via deiVestini 31, Chieti 66013, Italy.
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 20 Stanford St., Boston, MA 02149, USA.
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health and Territory, University of Chieti, Via deiVestini 31, Chieti 66013, Italy.
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Di Domenico A, Palumbo R, Mammarella N, Fairfield B. Aging and emotional expressions: is there a positivity bias during dynamic emotion recognition? Front Psychol 2015; 6:1130. [PMID: 26300822 PMCID: PMC4523706 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether age-related differences in emotion regulation priorities influence online dynamic emotional facial discrimination. A group of 40 younger and a group of 40 older adults were invited to recognize a positive or negative expression as soon as the expression slowly emerged and subsequently rate it in terms of intensity. Our findings show that older adults recognized happy expressions faster than angry ones, while the direction of emotional expression does not seem to affect younger adults' performance. Furthermore, older adults rated both negative and positive emotional faces as more intense compared to younger controls. This study detects age-related differences with a dynamic online paradigm and suggests that different regulation strategies may shape emotional face recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of ChietiChieti, Italy
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, USA
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of ChietiChieti, Italy
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