1
|
Cha JK, Park H, Kwon Y, Lee SM, Jang SG, Kwon SW, Lee JH. Synergizing breeding strategies via combining speed breeding, phenotypic selection, and marker-assisted backcrossing for the introgression of Glu-B1i in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1402709. [PMID: 38863547 PMCID: PMC11165042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1402709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Wheat is a major food crop that plays a crucial role in the human diet. Various breeding technologies have been developed and refined to meet the increasing global wheat demand. Several studies have suggested breeding strategies that combine generation acceleration systems and molecular breeding methods to maximize breeding efficiency. However, real-world examples demonstrating the effective utilization of these strategies in breeding programs are lacking. In this study, we designed and demonstrated a synergized breeding strategy (SBS) that combines rapid and efficient breeding techniques, including speed breeding, speed vernalization, phenotypic selection, backcrossing, and marker-assisted selection. These breeding techniques were tailored to the specific characteristics of the breeding materials and objectives. Using the SBS approach, from artificial crossing to the initial observed yield trial under field conditions only took 3.5 years, resulting in a 53% reduction in the time required to develop a BC2 near-isogenic line (NIL) and achieving a higher recurrent genome recovery of 91.5% compared to traditional field conditions. We developed a new wheat NIL derived from cv. Jokyoung, a leading cultivar in Korea. Milyang56 exhibited improved protein content, sodium dodecyl sulfate-sedimentation value, and loaf volume compared to Jokyoung, which were attributed to introgression of the Glu-B1i allele from the donor parent, cv. Garnet. SBS represents a flexible breeding model that can be applied by breeders for developing breeding materials and mapping populations, as well as analyzing the environmental effects of specific genes or loci and for trait stacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyung Cha
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Park
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngho Kwon
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Myeong Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Jang
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alomari DZ, Schierenbeck M, Alqudah AM, Alqahtani MD, Wagner S, Rolletschek H, Borisjuk L, Röder MS. Wheat Grains as a Sustainable Source of Protein for Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:4398. [PMID: 37892473 PMCID: PMC10609835 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein deficiency is recognized among the major global health issues with an underestimation of its importance. Genetic biofortification is a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to overcome global protein malnutrition. This study was designed to focus on protein-dense grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and identify the genes governing grain protein content (GPC) that improve end-use quality and in turn human health. Genome-wide association was applied using the 90k iSELECT Infinium and 35k Affymetrix arrays with GPC quantified by using a proteomic-based technique in 369 wheat genotypes over three field-year trials. The results showed significant natural variation among bread wheat genotypes that led to detecting 54 significant quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) surpassing the false discovery rate (FDR) threshold. These QTNs showed contrasting effects on GPC ranging from -0.50 to +0.54% that can be used for protein content improvement. Further bioinformatics analyses reported that these QTNs are genomically linked with 35 candidate genes showing high expression during grain development. The putative candidate genes have functions in the binding, remobilization, or transport of protein. For instance, the promising QTN AX-94727470 on chromosome 6B increases GPC by +0.47% and is physically located inside the gene TraesCS6B02G384500 annotated as Trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (T6P), which can be employed to improve grain protein quality. Our findings are valuable for the enhancement of protein content and end-use quality in one of the major daily food resources that ultimately improve human nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Z. Alomari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Matías Schierenbeck
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (S.W.); (H.R.); (L.B.); (M.S.R.)
- CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ahmad M. Alqudah
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Art and Science, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Mashael Daghash Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (S.W.); (H.R.); (L.B.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (S.W.); (H.R.); (L.B.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (S.W.); (H.R.); (L.B.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Marion S. Röder
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (S.W.); (H.R.); (L.B.); (M.S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanin MJ, Sharma A, Ram H, Singh S, Srivastava P, Mavi GS, Saini DK, Gudi S, Kumar P, Goyal P, Sohu VS. Application of potassium nitrate and salicylic acid improves grain yield and related traits by delaying leaf senescence in Gpc-B1 carrying advanced wheat genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1107705. [PMID: 37528976 PMCID: PMC10389087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1107705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality trait that effectively modulates end-use quality and nutritional characteristics of wheat flour-based food products. The Gpc-B1 gene is responsible for the higher protein content in wheat grain. In addition to higher GPC, the Gpc-B1 is also generally associated with reduced grain filling period which eventually causes the yield penalty in wheat. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of potassium nitrate (PN) and salicylic acid (SA) on the physiological characteristics of a set of twelve genotypes, including nine isogenic wheat lines carrying the Gpc-B1 gene and three elite wheat varieties with no Gpc-B1 gene, grown at wheat experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU, Punjab, India. The PN application significantly increased the number of grains per spike (GPS) by 6.42 grains, number of days to maturity (DTM) by 1.03 days, 1000-grain weight (TGW) by 1.97 g and yield per plot (YPP) by 0.2 kg/plot. As a result of PN spray, the flag leaf chlorophyll content was significantly enhanced by 2.35 CCI at anthesis stage and by 1.96 CCI at 10 days after anthesis in all the tested genotypes. Furthermore, the PN application also significantly increased the flag leaf nitrogen content by an average of 0.52% at booting stage and by 0.35% at both anthesis and 10 days after anthesis in all the evaluated genotypes. In addition, the yellow peduncle colour at 30 days after anthesis was also increased by 19.08% while the straw nitrogen content was improved by 0.17% in all the genotypes. The preliminary experiment conducted using SA demonstrated a significant increase in DTM and other yield component traits. The DTM increased by an average of 2.31 days, GPS enhanced by approximately 3.17 grains, TGW improved by 1.13g, and YPP increased by 0.21 kg/plot. The foliar application of PN and SA had no significant effect on GPC itself. The findings of the present study suggests that applications of PN and SA can effectively mitigate the yield penalty associated with Gpc-B1 gene by extending grain filling period in the wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Achla Sharma
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Jafar Tanin, ; Achla Sharma,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Padhy AK, Sharma A, Sharma H, Srivastava P, Singh S, Kaur P, Kaur J, Kaur S, Chhuneja P, Bains NS. Combining high carotenoid, grain protein content and rust resistance in wheat for food and nutritional security. Front Genet 2023; 14:1075767. [PMID: 36741327 PMCID: PMC9893017 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1075767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, malnutrition has given birth to an alarming predicament, especially in developing countries, and has extensively shifted consumer preferences from conventional high-energy diets to a nutritionally balanced, cost-effective, sustainable, and healthy lifestyle. In keeping with this view and the mandate for developing high-yielding, disease-resistant biofortified staple food (wheat) for catering to the demand-driven market, the current research aimed at stacking together the enhanced grain protein content, carotenoid content, and disease resistance in an elite bread wheat background. The Y gene (PsyE1) and the GpcB1 gene were used as novel sources for enhancing the grain carotenoid and protein content in the commercial elite bread wheat cultivar HD2967. The combination also led to the stacking of resistance against all three foliar rusts owing to linked resistance genes. A stepwise hybridization using Parent 1 (HD2967 + PsyE1/Lr19/Sr25) with Parent 2 (PBW550 + GpcB1/Yr36+ Yr15), coupled with a phenotypic-biochemical selection, narrowed down 2748 F2 individuals to a subset of 649 F2 plants for molecular screening. The gene-specific markers PsyE1, PsyD1, Xucw108, and Xbarc8 for the genes PsyE1, PsyD1, GpcB1, and Yr15, respectively, were employed for forward selection. Four bread wheat lines positive for all the desired genes with high carotenoid (>8ppm) and protein (>13%) content were raised to the F5 generation and will be evaluated for yield potential after bulking. These improved advanced breeding lines developed following multipronged efforts should prove a valuable and unique source for the development of cultivars with improved nutritional quality and rust resistance in wheat breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Achla Sharma
- *Correspondence: Achla Sharma, ; Asish Kumar Padhy,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Subedi M, Ghimire B, Bagwell JW, Buck JW, Mergoum M. Wheat end-use quality: State of art, genetics, genomics-assisted improvement, future challenges, and opportunities. Front Genet 2023; 13:1032601. [PMID: 36685944 PMCID: PMC9849398 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1032601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is the most important source of food, feed, and nutrition for humans and livestock around the world. The expanding population has increasing demands for various wheat products with different quality attributes requiring the development of wheat cultivars that fulfills specific demands of end-users including millers and bakers in the international market. Therefore, wheat breeding programs continually strive to meet these quality standards by screening their improved breeding lines every year. However, the direct measurement of various end-use quality traits such as milling and baking qualities requires a large quantity of grain, traits-specific expensive instruments, time, and an expert workforce which limits the screening process. With the advancement of sequencing technologies, the study of the entire plant genome is possible, and genetic mapping techniques such as quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies have enabled researchers to identify loci/genes associated with various end-use quality traits in wheat. Modern breeding techniques such as marker-assisted selection and genomic selection allow the utilization of these genomic resources for the prediction of quality attributes with high accuracy and efficiency which speeds up crop improvement and cultivar development endeavors. In addition, the candidate gene approach through functional as well as comparative genomics has facilitated the translation of the genomic information from several crop species including wild relatives to wheat. This review discusses the various end-use quality traits of wheat, their genetic control mechanisms, the use of genetics and genomics approaches for their improvement, and future challenges and opportunities for wheat breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Subedi
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Bikash Ghimire
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - John White Bagwell
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - James W. Buck
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Mohamed Mergoum
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Mohamed Mergoum,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tanin MJ, Sharma A, Saini DK, Singh S, Kashyap L, Srivastava P, Mavi GS, Kaur S, Kumar V, Kumar V, Grover G, Chhuneja P, Sohu VS. Ascertaining yield and grain protein content stability in wheat genotypes having the Gpc-B1 gene using univariate, multivariate, and correlation analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1001904. [PMID: 36160017 PMCID: PMC9490372 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1001904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The high performance and stability of wheat genotypes for yield, grain protein content (GPC), and other desirable traits are critical for varietal development and food and nutritional security. Likewise, the genotype by environment (G × E) interaction (GEI) should be thoroughly investigated and favorably utilized whenever genotype selection decisions are made. The present study was planned with the following two major objectives: 1) determination of GEI for some advanced wheat genotypes across four locations (Ludhiana, Ballowal, Patiala, and Bathinda) of Punjab, India; and 2) selection of the best genotypes with high GPC and yield in various environments. Different univariate [Eberhart and Ruessll’s models; Perkins and Jinks’ models; Wrike’s Ecovalence; and Francis and Kannenberg’s models], multivariate (AMMI and GGE biplot), and correlation analyses were used to interpret the data from the multi-environmental trial (MET). Consequently, both the univariate and multivariate analyses provided almost similar results regarding the top-performing and stable genotypes. The analysis of variance revealed that variation due to environment, genotype, and GEI was highly significant at the 0.01 and 0.001 levels of significance for all studied traits. The days to flowering, plant height, spikelets per spike, grain per spike, days to maturity, and 1000-grain weight were specifically affected by the environment, whereas yield was mainly affected by the environment and GEI. Genotypes, on the other hand, had a greater impact on the GPC than environmental conditions. As a result, a multi-environmental investigation was necessary to identify the GEI for wheat genotype selection because the GEI was very significant for all of the evaluated traits. Yield, 1000-grain weight, spikelet per spike, and days to maturity were observed to have positive correlations, implying the feasibility of their simultaneous selection for yield enhancement. However, GPC was observed to have a negative correlation with yield. Patiala was found to be the most discriminating environment for both yield and GPC and also the most effective representative environment for GPC, whereas Ludhiana was found to be the most effective representative environment for yield. Eventually, two NILs (BWL7508, and BWL7511) were selected as the top across all environments for both yield and GPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Tanin
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Jafar Tanin, ; Achla Sharma,
| | - Achla Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Jafar Tanin, ; Achla Sharma,
| | - Dinesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Satinder Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Lenika Kashyap
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Puja Srivastava
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - G. S. Mavi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Satinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gomti Grover
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - V. S. Sohu
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|