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Xiao XY, Chen YM, Zhu J, Yin MY, Huang CN, Qin HM, Liu SX, Xiao Y, Fang HW, Zhuang T, Chen Y. The synergistic anti-nociceptive effects of nefopam and gabapentinoids in inflammatory, osteoarthritis, and neuropathic pain mouse models. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176738. [PMID: 38876275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Pain is a common public health problem and remains as an unmet medical need. Currently available analgesics usually have limited efficacy or are accompanied by many adverse side effects. To achieve satisfactory pain relief by multimodal analgesia, new combinations of nefopam and gabapentinoids (pregabalin/gabapentin) were designed and assessed in inflammatory, osteoarthritis and neuropathic pain. Isobolographic analysis was performed to analyze the interactions between nefopam and gabapentinoids in carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain, mono-iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis pain and paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory effect and motor performance of monotherapy or their combinations were evaluated in the carrageenan-induced inflammatory responses and rotarod test, respectively. Nefopam (1, 3, 5, 10, 30 mg/kg, p.o.), pregabalin (3, 6, 12, 24 mg/kg, p.o.) or gabapentin (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently reversed mechanical allodynia in three pain models. Isobolographic analysis indicated that the combinations of nefopam and gabapentinoids exerted synergistic anti-nociceptive effects in inflammatory, osteoarthritis, and neuropathic pain mouse models, as evidenced by the experimental ED50 (median effective dose) falling below the predicted additive line. Moreover, the combination of nefopam-pregabalin/gabapentin alleviated carrageenan-induced inflammation and edema, and also prevented gabapentinoids-related sedation or ataxia by lowering their effective doses. Collectively, the co-administration of nefopam and gabapentinoids showed synergistic analgesic effects and may result in improved therapeutic benefits for treating pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yan-Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Ming-Yue Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Chao-Nan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hui-Min Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shu-Xian Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Heng-Wei Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Yin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Wei X, Wang D, Liu J, Zhu Q, Xu Z, Niu J, Xu W. Interpreting the Mechanism of Active Ingredients in Polygonati Rhizoma in Treating Depression by Combining Systemic Pharmacology and In Vitro Experiments. Nutrients 2024; 16:1167. [PMID: 38674858 PMCID: PMC11054788 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polygonati Rhizoma (PR) has certain neuroprotective effects as a homology of medicine and food. In this study, systematic pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments were integrated to verify the antidepressant active ingredients in PR and their mechanisms. A total of seven compounds in PR were found to be associated with 45 targets of depression. Preliminarily, DFV docking with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) showed good affinity. In vitro, DFV inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of BV-2 cells, reversed amoeba-like morphological changes, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. DFV reversed the malondialdehyde (MDA) overexpression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression inhibition in LPS-induced BV-2 cells and decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 mRNA expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. DFV inhibited both mRNA and protein expression levels of COX2 induced by LPS, and the activation of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and caspase1 was suppressed, thus exerting an antidepressant effect. This study proves that DFV may be an important component basis for PR to play an antidepressant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qizhi Zhu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ziming Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinzhe Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Weiping Xu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei 230001, China
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Lu YC, Ho TC, Huang CH, Yeh SI, Chen SL, Tsao YP. PEDF peptide plus hyaluronic acid stimulates cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis via STAT3-mediated chondrogenesis. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:137-148. [PMID: 38555936 PMCID: PMC10981997 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.134.bjr-2023-0179.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is known to induce several types of tissue regeneration by activating tissue-specific stem cells. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of PEDF 29-mer peptide in the damaged articular cartilage (AC) in rat osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) were isolated from rat bone marrow (BM) and used to evaluate the impact of 29-mer on chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs in culture. Knee OA was induced in rats by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in the right knees (set to day 0). The 29-mer dissolved in 5% hyaluronic acid (HA) was intra-articularly injected into right knees at day 8 and 12 after MIA injection. Subsequently, the therapeutic effect of the 29-mer/HA on OA was evaluated by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathological scoring system and changes in hind paw weight distribution, respectively. The regeneration of chondrocytes in damaged AC was detected by dual-immunostaining of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and chondrogenic markers. Results The 29-mer promoted expansion and chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs cultured in different defined media. MIA injection caused chondrocyte death throughout the AC, with cartilage degeneration thereafter. The 29-mer/HA treatment induced extensive chondrocyte regeneration in the damaged AC and suppressed MIA-induced synovitis, accompanied by the recovery of cartilage matrix. Pharmacological inhibitors of PEDF receptor (PEDFR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling substantially blocked the chondrogenic promoting activity of 29-mer on the cultured BM-MSCs and injured AC. Conclusion The 29-mer/HA formulation effectively induces chondrocyte regeneration and formation of cartilage matrix in the damaged AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chuan Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-I Yeh
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Show-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeou-Ping Tsao
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Sensory Neuron-Specific Deletion of Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase A (TrkA) in Mice Abolishes Osteoarthritis (OA) Pain via NGF/TrkA Intervention of Peripheral Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012076. [PMID: 36292950 PMCID: PMC9602682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA/NTRK1) is a high-affinity receptor for nerve growth factor (NGF), a potent pain mediator. NGF/TrkA signaling elevates synovial sensory neuronal distributions in the joints and causes osteoarthritis (OA) pain. We investigated the mechanisms of pain transmission as to whether peripheral sensory neurons are linked to the cellular plasticity in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and are critical for OA hyperalgesia. Sensory neuron-specific deletion of TrkA was achieved by tamoxifen injection in 4-week-old TrkAfl/fl;NaV1.8CreERT2 (Ntrk1 fl/fl;Scn10aCreERT2) mice. OA was induced by partial medial meniscectomy (PMM) in 12-week-old mice, and OA-pain-related behavior was analyzed for 12 weeks followed by comprehensive histopathological examinations. OA-associated joint pain was markedly improved without cartilage protection in sensory-neuron-specific conditional TrkA knock-out (cKO) mice. Alleviated hyperalgesia was associated with suppression of the NGF/TrkA pathway and reduced angiogenesis in fibroblast-like synovial cells. Elevated pain transmitters in the DRG of OA-induced mice were significantly diminished in sensory-neuron-specific TrkA cKO and global TrkA cKO mice. Spinal glial activity and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) were significantly increased in OA-induced mice but were substantially eliminated by sensory-neuron-specific deletion. Our results suggest that augmentation of NGF/TrkA signaling in the joint synovium and the peripheral sensory neurons facilitate pro-nociception and centralized pain sensitization.
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Fadu head and neck squamous cell carcinoma induces hyperexcitability of primary sensory neurons in an in vitro coculture model. Pain Rep 2022; 7:e1012. [PMID: 35620249 PMCID: PMC9113206 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Squamouscell carcinoma cells promoted an inflammatory microenvironment and induced sensitization of both human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in patch clamp electrophysiology recordings. Introduction: Methods: Results: Conclusions:
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Muenzebrock KA, Kersten V, Alblas J, Garcia JP, Creemers LB. The Added Value of the “Co” in Co-Culture Systems in Research on Osteoarthritis Pathology and Treatment Development. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:843056. [PMID: 35309991 PMCID: PMC8927651 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.843056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent disease and a major health burden. Its development and progression are influenced by factors such as age, obesity or joint overuse. As a whole organ disease OA affects not only cartilage, bone and synovium but also ligaments, fatty or nervous tissue surrounding the joint. These joint tissues interact with each other and understanding this interaction is important in developing novel treatments. To incorporate and study these interactions in OA research, several co-culture models have evolved. They combine two or more cell types or tissues and investigate the influence of amongst others inflammatory or degenerative stimuli seen in OA. This review focuses on co-cultures and the differential processes occurring in a given tissue or cell as a consequence of being combined with another joint cell type or tissue, and/or the extent to which a co-culture mimics the in vivo processes. Most co-culture models depart from synovial lining and cartilage culture, but also fat pad and bone have been included. Not all of the models appear to reflect the postulated in vivo OA pathophysiology, although some of the discrepancies may indicate current assumptions on this process are not entirely valid. Systematic analysis of the mutual influence the separate compartments in a given model exert on each other and validation against in vivo or ex vivo observation is still largely lacking and would increase their added value as in vitro OA models.
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WANG X, YANG J, LIU H, LIU J, WANG L. Mechanism of Baicalein in the treatment of arthritis by regulating JNK/ERK/p38MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo WANG
- Wendeng Orthopedic and Traumatic Hospital, China
| | - Jing YANG
- Wendeng Orthopedic and Traumatic Hospital, China
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Contribution of COMT and BDNF Genotype and Expression to the Risk of Transition From Acute to Chronic Low Back Pain. Clin J Pain 2021; 36:430-439. [PMID: 32079998 PMCID: PMC7211115 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A number of factors, including heritability and the environment, contribute to risk of transition from acute low back pain to chronic low back pain (CLBP). The aim of this study was to (1) compare somatosensory function and pain ratings at low back pain (LBP) onset between the acute low back pain and CLBP conditions and (2) evaluate associations between BDNF and COMT polymorphisms and expression levels at LBP onset to acute and chronic pain burden and risk for transition to the chronic pain state. METHODS In this longitudinal study, 220 participants were enrolled following recent onset of LBP and data were collected until the LBP resolved or until the end of the study at 6 months. Forty-two participants' pain resolved before 6 weeks from onset and 42 participants continued to have pain at 6 months. Patient-reported pain burden, somatosensory function (quantitative sensory testing), and blood samples were collected at each study visit. RESULTS CLBP is associated with greater pain burden and somatosensory hypersensitivity at the time of LBP onset. COMT rs4680 genotype (GG) was associated with acute cold pain sensitivity and with the risk for transition to CLBP while COMT expression was independently associated with risk for transition. DISCUSSION CLBP was characterized by higher reported pain burden and augmented hypersensitivity at LBP onset. COMT expression and genotype were associated with acute pain burden and likelihood of transition to CLBP.
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Li T, Wang G, Hui VCC, Saad D, de Sousa Valente J, La Montanara P, Nagy I. TRPV1 feed-forward sensitisation depends on COX2 upregulation in primary sensory neurons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3514. [PMID: 33568699 PMCID: PMC7876133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased activity and excitability (sensitisation) of a series of molecules including the transient receptor potential ion channel, vanilloid subfamily, member 1 (TRPV1) in pain-sensing (nociceptive) primary sensory neurons are pivotal for developing pathological pain experiences in tissue injuries. TRPV1 sensitisation is induced and maintained by two major mechanisms; post-translational and transcriptional changes in TRPV1 induced by inflammatory mediators produced and accumulated in injured tissues, and TRPV1 activation-induced feed-forward signalling. The latter mechanism includes synthesis of TRPV1 agonists within minutes, and upregulation of various receptors functionally linked to TRPV1 within a few hours, in nociceptive primary sensory neurons. Here, we report that a novel mechanism, which contributes to TRPV1 activation-induced TRPV1-sensitisation within ~ 30 min in at least ~ 30% of TRPV1-expressing cultured murine primary sensory neurons, is mediated through upregulation in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression and increased synthesis of a series of COX2 products. These findings highlight the importance of feed-forward signalling in sensitisation, and the value of inhibiting COX2 activity to control pain, in nociceptive primary sensory neurons in tissue injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Li
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Gaoge Wang
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Vivian Chin Chin Hui
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Daniel Saad
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Joao de Sousa Valente
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo La Montanara
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Nociception Group, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
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Khodir SA, Al-Gholam MA, Salem HR. L-Carnitine potentiates the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of diclofenac sodium in an experimentally-induced knee osteoarthritis rat model. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1035-1044. [PMID: 32952950 PMCID: PMC7478254 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.43136.10138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present research is to investigate the efficacy of L-carnitine (LC) as a complementary therapy to diclofenac sodium (Dic) treatment in a mono-iodoacetate (MIA) induced knee osteoarthritis (OA) rat model, with respect to pain relief and the underlying pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10): Control, OA, OA/Dic, OA/LC, and OA/Dic+LC. Knee diameter and pain assessment tests were done weekly. After four weeks, serum malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, interleukin 1-β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase were measured. The injected knees were removed and processed for the histological and immunohistological study of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Also, histological examination of dorsal root ganglia and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord were assessed. RESULTS Treatment with Dic and/or LC significantly reduced knee swelling, improved pain-related behaviors, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, attenuated the MIA-mediated histopathological alteration in the knee joint, and down-regulated expression of MMP-13 and COX-2 in the knee joint. It, also, significantly reduced CGRP expression, compared with the OA group. Dic+LC showed a better effect in improving some parameters than each treatment alone. CONCLUSION LC plus Dic is a more effective therapy than Dic alone for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan A Khodir
- Medical Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Al-Gholam
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Heba R Salem
- Medical Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
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Chakrabarti S, Jadon DR, Bulmer DC, Smith ESJ. Human osteoarthritic synovial fluid increases excitability of mouse dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons: an in-vitro translational model to study arthritic pain. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:662-667. [PMID: 31410487 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knee OA is a leading global cause of morbidity. This study investigates the effects of knee SF from patients with OA on the activity of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons that innervate the knee (knee neurons) as a novel translational model of disease-mediated nociception in human OA. METHODS Dissociated cultures of mouse knee neurons were incubated overnight or acutely stimulated with OA-SF (n = 4) and fluid from healthy donors (n = 3, Ctrl-SF). Electrophysiology and Ca2+-imaging determined changes in electrical excitability and transient receptor potential channel function, respectively. RESULTS Incubation with OA-SF induced knee neuron hyperexcitability compared to Ctrl-SF: the resting membrane potential significantly increased (F(2, 92) = 5.6, P = 0.005, ANOVA) and the action potential threshold decreased (F(2, 92) = 8.8, P = 0.0003, ANOVA); TRPV1 (F(2, 445) = 3.7, P = 0.02) and TRPM8 (F(2, 174) = 11.1, P < 0.0001, ANOVA) channel activity also increased. Acute application of Ctrl-SF and OA-SF increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration via intra- and extracellular Ca2+ sources. CONCLUSION Human OA-SF acutely activated knee neurons and induced hyperexcitability indicating that mediators present in OA-SF stimulate sensory nerve activity and thereby give rise to knee pain. Taken together, this study provides proof-of-concept for a new method to study the ability of mediators present in joints of patients with arthritis to stimulate nociceptor activity and hence identify clinically relevant drug targets for treating knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak R Jadon
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Rheumatology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHSFT, Cambridge, UK
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Sun L, Wang G, He M, Mei Z, Zhang F, Liu P. Effect and mechanism of the CACNA2D1-CGRP pathway in osteoarthritis-induced ongoing pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110374. [PMID: 32570114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study built an OA model in rats by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) injection to determine the effects and mechanism of the voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 (CACNA2D1)-calcitonin gene-related protein (CGRP) pathway in osteoarthritis (OA)-induced ongoing pain. CACNA2D1 expression was measured by qPCR assay, western blotting assay, and immunofluorescence. Pain behaviors in rats were assessed with the measurement of thermal paw withdrawal latency (PWL) and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT). The expression of CACNA2D1, neuropeptide Y (NPY), activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), CGRP, protein kinase A (PKA), phosphorylated (p)-PKA, adenylyl cyclase (AC), protein kinase C (PKC), p-PKC, phospholipase C (PLC), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway proteins were measured, OA rats had higher CACNA2D1 expression than normal rats. Knockdown of CACNA2D1 led to the elevation of the pain threshold of OA rats, and CACNA2D1 over-expression decreased the pain threshold of normal rats. Moreover, CACNA2D1 over-expression inhibited the expression of CGRP, up-regulated the expressions of NPY, ATF3, p-PKA, AC, p-PKC, PLC, p-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p-p38, and had no significant effect on phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) expression in vivo and in vitro. Using this model of MIA-induced OA, we demonstrated that CACNA2D1 might be involved in the process of pain by modulating the CGRP and AC-PKA/PKC/MAPK signaling pathways in the dorsal root ganglion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Departments of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Meifang He
- Laboratory of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Guangzhou Sihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Fazhou Zhang
- Guangzhou Sihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Qiu WJ, Xu MZ, Zhu XD, Ji YH. MicroRNA-27a alleviates IL-1β-induced inflammatory response and articular cartilage degradation via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in articular chondrocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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de Sousa Valente J. The Pharmacology of Pain Associated With the Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:974. [PMID: 31619987 PMCID: PMC6759799 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) in an increasingly elderly population anticipates a dramatic rise in the number of people suffering from this disease in the near future. Because pain is the main reason patients seek medical help, effective pain management-which is currently lacking-is paramount to improve the quality of life that OA sufferers desperately seek. Good animal models are, in this day and age, fundamental tools for basic research of new therapeutic pathways. Several animal models of OA have been characterized, but none of them reproduces entirely all symptoms of the disease. Choosing between different animal models depends largely on which aspect of OA one aims to study. Here, we review the current understanding of the monoiodoacetate (MIA) model of OA. MIA injection in the knee joint leads to the progressive disruption of cartilage, which, in turn, is associated with the development of pain-like behavior. There are several reasons why the MIA model of OA seems to be the most adequate to study the pharmacological effect of new drugs in pain associated with OA. First, the pathological changes induced by MIA share many common traits with those observed in human OA (Van Der Kraan et al., 1989; Guingamp et al., 1997; Guzman et al., 2003), including loss of cartilage and alterations in the subchondral bone. The model has been extensively utilized in basic research, which means that the time course of pain-related behaviors and histopathological changes, as well as pharmacological profile, namely of commonly used pain-reducing drugs, is now moderately understood. Also, the severity of the progression of pathological changes can be controlled by grading the concentration of MIA administered. Further, in contrast with other OA models, MIA offers a rapid induction of pain-related phenotypes, with the cost-saving consequence in new drug screening. This model, therefore, may be more predictive of clinical efficacy of novel pharmacological tools than other chronic or acute OA models.
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Affiliation(s)
- João de Sousa Valente
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, Cardiovascular School of Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Borbély É, Sándor K, Markovics A, Kemény Á, Pintér E, Szolcsányi J, Quinn JP, McDougall JJ, Helyes Z. Role of capsaicin-sensitive nerves and tachykinins in mast cell tryptase-induced inflammation of murine knees. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:725-36. [PMID: 27251170 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE, DESIGN Mast cell tryptase (MCT) is elevated in arthritic joints, but its direct effects are not known. Here, we investigated MCT-evoked acute inflammatory and nociceptive mechanisms with behavioural, in vivo imaging and immunological techniques. MATERIAL AND SUBJECTS Neurogenic inflammation involving capsaicin-sensitive afferents, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1), substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and their NK1 tachykinin receptor were studied using gene-deleted mice compared to C57Bl/6 wildtypes (n = 5-8/group). TREATMENT MCT was administered intraarticularly or topically (20 μl, 12 μg/ml). Capsaicin-sensitive afferents were defunctionalized with the TRPV1 agonist resiniferatoxin (RTX; 30-70-100 μg/kg s.c. pretreatment). METHODS Knee diameter was measured with a caliper, synovial perfusion with laser Doppler imaging, mechanonociception with aesthesiometry and weight distribution with incapacitance tester over 6 h. Cytokines and neuropeptides were determined with immunoassays. RESULTS MCT induced synovial vasodilatation, oedema, impaired weight distribution and mechanical hyperalgesia, but cytokine or neuropeptide levels were not altered at the 6-h timepoint. Hyperaemia was reduced in RTX-treated and TRPV1-deleted animals, and oedema was absent in NK1-deficient mice. Hyperalgesia was decreased in SP/NKA- and NK1-deficient mice, weight bearing impairment in RTX-pretreated, TRPV1- and NK1-deficient animals. CONCLUSIONS MCT evokes synovial hyperaemia, oedema, hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain. Capsaicin-sensitive afferents and TRPV1 receptors are essential for vasodilatation, while tachykinins mediate oedema and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Borbély
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Markovics
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - János Szolcsányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - John P Quinn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Liverpool University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jason J McDougall
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary. .,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary. .,MTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research Group, Pecs, Hungary.
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16
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Kim JS, Ali MH, Wydra F, Li X, Hamilton JL, An HS, Cs-Szabo G, Andrews S, Moric M, Xiao G, Wang JHC, Chen D, Cavanaugh JM, Im HJ. Characterization of degenerative human facet joints and facet joint capsular tissues. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:2242-2251. [PMID: 26117175 PMCID: PMC4663154 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lumbar facet joint degeneration (FJD) may be an important cause of low back pain (LBP) and sciatica. The goal of this study was to characterize cellular alterations of inflammatory factor expression and neovascularization in human degenerative facet joint capsular (FJC) tissue. These alterations in FJC tissues in pain stimulation were also assessed. DESIGN FJs were obtained from consented patients undergoing spinal reconstruction surgery and cadaveric donors with no history of back pain. Histological analyses of the FJs were performed. Cytokine antibody array and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to determine the production of inflammatory cytokines, and western blotting analyses (WB) were used to assay for cartilage-degrading enzymes and pain mediators. Ex vivo rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) co-culture with human FJC tissues was also performed. RESULTS Increased neovascularization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pain-related axonal-promoting factors were observed in degenerative FJCs surgically obtained from symptomatic subjects. Increased VEGF, (NGF/TrkA), and sensory neuronal distribution were also detected in degenerative FJC tissues from subjects with LBP. qPCR and WB results demonstrated highly upregulated inflammatory cytokines, pain mediators, and cartilage-degrading enzymes in degenerative FJCs. Results from ex vivo co-culture of the DRG and FJC tissue demonstrated that degenerative FJCs increased the expression of inflammatory pain molecules in the sensory neurons. CONCLUSION Degenerative FJCs possess greatly increased inflammatory and angiogenic features, suggesting that these factors play an important role in the progression of FJD and serve as a link between joint degeneration and neurological stimulation of afferent pain fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,The Division of Natural Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Mir H. Ali
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Frank Wydra
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John L. Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Howard S. An
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gabriella Cs-Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Mario Moric
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - James H-C Wang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bioengineering, and Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John M. Cavanaugh
- Bioengineering Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA,Jesse Brown Veterans Affair, Chicago IL 60612, USA,Address correspondence to: Dr. Hee-Jeong Im Sampen, Rush University Medical Center, Cohn Research BD 516, 1735 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, Tel: 312-942-3091, Fax: 312-942-3053,
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17
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Leong DJ, Choudhury M, Hanstein R, Hirsh DM, Kim SJ, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB, Hardin JA, Spray DC, Goldring MB, Cobelli NJ, Sun HB. Green tea polyphenol treatment is chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory and palliative in a mouse post-traumatic osteoarthritis model. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:508. [PMID: 25516005 PMCID: PMC4342891 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-014-0508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol present in green tea, was shown to exert chondroprotective effects in vitro. In this study, we used a posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) mouse model to test whether EGCG could slow the progression of OA and relieve OA-associated pain. Methods C57BL/6 mice were subjected to surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) or sham surgery. EGCG (25 mg/kg) or vehicle control was administered daily for 4 or 8 weeks by intraperitoneal injection starting on the day of surgery. OA severity was evaluated using Safranin O staining and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores, as well as by immunohistochemical analysis to detect cleaved aggrecan and type II collagen and expression of proteolytic enzymes matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) and A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5). Real-time PCR was performed to characterize the expression of genes critical for articular cartilage homeostasis. During the course of the experiments, tactile sensitivity testing (von Frey test) and open-field assays were used to evaluate pain behaviors associated with OA, and expression of pain expression markers and inflammatory cytokines in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was determined by real-time PCR. Results Four and eight weeks after DMM surgery, the cartilage in EGCG-treated mice exhibited less Safranin O loss and cartilage erosion, as well as lower OARSI scores compared to vehicle-treated controls, which was associated with reduced staining for aggrecan and type II collagen cleavage epitopes, and reduced staining for MMP-13 and ADAMTS5 in the articular cartilage. Articular cartilage in the EGCG-treated mice also exhibited reduced levels of Mmp1, Mmp3, Mmp8, Mmp13,Adamts5, interleukin 1 beta (Il1b) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfa) mRNA and elevated gene expression of the MMP regulator Cbp/p300 interacting transactivator 2 (Cited2). Compared to vehicle controls, mice treated with EGCG exhibited reduced OA-associated pain, as indicated by higher locomotor behavior (that is, distance traveled). Moreover, expression of the chemokine receptor Ccr2 and proinflammatory cytokines Il1b and Tnfa in the DRG were significantly reduced to levels similar to those of sham-operated animals. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence in an OA animal model that EGCG significantly slows OA disease progression and exerts a palliative effect. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-014-0508-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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18
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Increased interleukin-1α and prostaglandin E2 expression in the spinal cord at 1 day after painful facet joint injury: evidence of early spinal inflammation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2014; 39:207-12. [PMID: 24253784 PMCID: PMC3946680 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This study used immunohistochemistry and an enzyme immunoassay to quantify interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the spinal cord of rats at 1 day after painful cervical facet joint injury. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine to what extent spinal inflammation is initiated early after a painful loading-induced injury of the C6-C7 facet joint in a rat model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA A common source of neck pain, the cervical facet joint is susceptible to loading-induced injury, which can lead to persistent pain. IL-1α and PGE2 are associated with joint inflammation and pain, both locally in the joint and centrally in the spinal cord. Joint inflammation has been shown to contribute to pain after facet joint injury. Although spinal neuronal hyperactivity is evident within 1 day of painful facet injury, it is unknown if inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1α and PGE2, are also induced early after painful injury. METHODS Rats underwent either a painful C6-C7 facet joint distraction or sham procedure. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed, and immunohistochemical and enzyme immunoassay techniques were used to quantify IL-1α and PGE2 expression in the spinal cord at day 1. RESULTS Both IL-1α and PGE2 were significantly elevated (P≤ 0.04) at day 1 after painful injury. Moreover, although both spinal IL-1α and PGE2 levels were correlated with the withdrawal threshold in response to mechanical stimulation of the forepaw, this correlation was only significant (P = 0.01) for PGE2. CONCLUSION The increased expression of 2 inflammatory markers in the spinal cord at 1 day after painful joint injury suggests that spinal inflammation may contribute to the initiation of pain after cervical facet joint injury. Further studies will help identify functional roles of both spinal IL-1α and PGE2 in loading-induced joint pain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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19
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Lee A, Ellman MB, Yan D, Kroin JS, Cole BJ, van Wijnen AJ, Im HJ. A current review of molecular mechanisms regarding osteoarthritis and pain. Gene 2013; 527:440-7. [PMID: 23830938 PMCID: PMC3745800 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis afflicts millions of individuals across the world resulting in impaired quality of life and increased health costs. To understand this disease, physicians have been studying risk factors, such as genetic predisposition, aging, obesity, and joint malalignment; however have been unable to conclusively determine the direct etiology. Current treatment options are short-term or ineffective and fail to address pathophysiological and biochemical mechanisms involved with cartilage degeneration and the induction of pain in arthritic joints. OA pain involves a complex integration of sensory, affective, and cognitive processes that integrate a variety of abnormal cellular mechanisms at both peripheral and central (spinal and supraspinal) levels of the nervous system Through studies examined by investigators, the role of growth factors and cytokines has increasingly become more relevant in examining their effects on articular cartilage homeostasis and the development of osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis-associated pain. Catabolic factors involved in both cartilage degradation in vitro and nociceptive stimulation include IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE2, FGF-2 and PKCδ, and pharmacologic inhibitors to these mediators, as well as compounds such as RSV and LfcinB, may potentially be used as biological treatments in the future. This review explores several biochemical mediators involved in OA and pain, and provides a framework for the understanding of potential biologic therapies in the treatment of degenerative joint disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Michael B Ellman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Dongyao Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Brian J Cole
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612
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Zhang RX, Ren K, Dubner R. Osteoarthritis pain mechanisms: basic studies in animal models. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1308-15. [PMID: 23973145 PMCID: PMC3771690 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex and painful disease of the whole joint. At present there are no satisfying agents for treating OA. To promote OA research and improved treatment, this review summarizes current preclinical evidence on the development of OA. METHODS Preclinical OA research was searched and key findings are summarized and commented. RESULTS Mechanisms of OA-associated pain have been studied in rodent knee OA models produced by intra-knee injection of the chondrocyte glycolytic inhibitor mono-iodoacetate (MIA), surgery, or spontaneous development in some species. These models are clinically relevant in terms of histological damage and functional changes, and are used to study mechanisms underlying mechanical, thermal, ambulatory, body weight supporting-evoked, and ongoing OA pain. Recent peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal biochemical and electrophysiological studies in these models suggest that peripheral pro-inflammatory mediators and neuropeptides sensitize knee nociceptors. Spinal cytokines and neuropeptides promote OA pain, and peripheral and spinal cannabinoids inhibit OA pain respectively through cannabinoid-1 (CB1) and CB1/CB2 receptors. TRPV1 and metalloproteinases contribute and supraspinal descending facilitation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)/5-HT 3 receptors may also contribute to OA pain. Conditioned place preference tests demonstrate that OA pain induces aversive behaviors, suggesting the involvement of brain. During OA, brain functional connectivity is enhanced, but at present it is unclear how this change is related to OA pain. CONCLUSION Animal studies demonstrate that peripheral and central sensitization contributes to OA pain, involving inflammatory cytokines, neuropeptides, and a variety of chemical mediators. Interestingly, brainstem descending facilitation of 5-HT/5-HT3 receptors plays a role OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xin Zhang
- Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Ronald Dubner
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
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Brachystemma calycinum D. Don Effectively Reduces the Locomotor Disability in Dogs with Naturally Occurring Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:646191. [PMID: 22844335 PMCID: PMC3403515 DOI: 10.1155/2012/646191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the beneficial effect of a whole plant extract of Brachystemma calycinum D. Don (BCD) in naturally occurring osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. Methods. Dogs had stifle/hip OA and poor limb loading based on the peak of the vertically oriented ground reaction force (PVF) measured using a force platform. At baseline, PVF and case-specific outcome measure of disability (CSOM) were recorded. Dogs (16 per group) were then assigned to receive BCD (200 mg/kg/day) or a placebo. The PVF was measured at week (W) 3 and W6. Locomotor activity was recorded throughout the study duration using collar-mounted accelerometer, and CSOM was assessed biweekly by the owner. Results. BCD-treated dogs had higher PVF at W3 and W6 when compared to Baseline (P < 0.001) and at W6 when compared to placebo-treated dogs (P = 0.040). Higher daily duration (P = 0.024) and intensity (P = 0.012) of locomotor activity were observed in BCD-treated dogs compared to baseline. No significant change was observed in either group for CSOM. Conclusions. Treatment with BCD improved the limb impairment and enhanced the locomotor activity in dogs afflicted by naturally-occurring OA. Those preclinical findings provide interesting and new information about the potential of BCD as an OA therapeutic.
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Dong L, Guarino BB, Jordan-Sciutto KL, Winkelstein BA. Activating transcription factor 4, a mediator of the integrated stress response, is increased in the dorsal root ganglia following painful facet joint distraction. Neuroscience 2011; 193:377-86. [PMID: 21821103 PMCID: PMC3171593 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the US. Although biomechanical and clinical studies have implicated the facet joint as a primary source of neck pain, specific cellular mechanisms still remain speculative. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a mediator (activating transcription factor; 4ATF4) of the integrated stress response (ISR) is involved in facet-mediated pain. Holtzman rats underwent C6/C7 facet joint loading that produces either painful (n=16) or nonpainful (n=8) responses. A sham group (n=9) was also included as surgical controls. Behavioral sensitivity was measured and the C6 dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) were harvested on day 7 to evaluate the total and neuronal ATF4 expression. In separate groups, an intra-articular ketorolac injection was administered either immediately (D0 ketorolac) or 1 day (D1 ketorolac) after painful facet joint loading. Allodynia was measured at days 1 and 7 after injury to assess the effects on behavioral responses. ATF4 and BiP (an indicator of ISR activation) were separately quantified at day 7. Facet joint loading sufficient to elicit behavioral hypersensitivity produced a threefold increase in total and neuronal ATF4 expression in the DRG. After ketorolac treatment at the time of injury, ATF4 expression was significantly (P<0.01) reduced despite not producing any attenuation of behavioral responses. Interestingly, ketorolac treatment at day 1 significantly (P<0.001) alleviated behavioral sensitivity at day 7, but did not modify ATF4 expression. BiP expression was unchanged after either intervention time. Results suggest that ATF4-dependent activation of the ISR does not directly contribute to persistent pain, but it may sensitize neurons responsible for pain initiation. These behavioral and immunohistochemical findings imply that facet-mediated pain may be sustained through other pathways of the ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin B. Guarino
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Beth A. Winkelstein
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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