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Zhou Y, Qiu T, Wang T, Yu B, Xia K, Guo J, Liu Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Zou J, Chen Z, Zhou J. Research progress on the role of mitochondria in the process of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae066. [PMID: 38912038 PMCID: PMC11193119 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, existing mechanisms involved oxidative stress, calcium overload, and the activation of inflammatory responses involve mitochondrial injury. Mitochondrial autophagy, a process that maintains the normal physiological activity of mitochondria, promotes cellular metabolism, improves cellular function, and facilitates organelle renewal. Mitochondrial autophagy is involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis, of which the PINK1-Parkin pathway is a major regulatory pathway, and the deletion of PINK1 and Parkin increases mitochondrial damage, reactive oxygen species production, and inflammatory response, playing an important role in mitochondrial quality regulation. In addition, proper mitochondrial permeability translational cycle regulation can help maintain mitochondrial stability and mitigate hepatocyte death during ischemia-reperfusion injury. This mechanism is also closely related to oxidative stress, calcium overload, and the aforementioned autophagy pathway, all of which leads to the augmentation of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening and cause apoptosis. Moreover, the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) due to oxidative stress further aggravates mitochondrial function impairment. Mitochondrial fission and fusion are non-negligible processes required to maintain the dynamic renewal of mitochondria and are essential to the dynamic stability of these organelles. The Bcl-2 protein family also plays an important regulatory role in the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. A series of complex mechanisms work together to cause hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI). This article reviews the role of mitochondria in HIRI, hoping to provide new therapeutic clues for alleviating HIRI in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tao Qiu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Kang Xia
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Ma
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jilin Zou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhongbao Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiangqiao Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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Roy S, Das A, Bairagi A, Das D, Jha A, Srivastava AK, Chatterjee N. Mitochondria act as a key regulatory factor in cancer progression: Current concepts on mutations, mitochondrial dynamics, and therapeutic approach. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108490. [PMID: 38460864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The diversified impacts of mitochondrial function vs. dysfunction have been observed in almost all disease conditions including cancers. Mitochondria play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis and integrity, however, mitochondrial dysfunctions influenced by alterations in the mtDNA can disrupt cellular balance. Many external stimuli or cellular defects that cause cellular integrity abnormalities, also impact mitochondrial functions. Imbalances in mitochondrial activity can initiate and lead to accumulations of genetic mutations and can promote the processes of tumorigenesis, progression, and survival. This comprehensive review summarizes epigenetic and genetic alterations that affect the functionality of the mitochondria, with considerations of cellular metabolism, and as influenced by ethnicity. We have also reviewed recent insights regarding mitochondrial dynamics, miRNAs, exosomes that play pivotal roles in cancer promotion, and the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on immune cell mechanisms. The review also summarizes recent therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria in anti-cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraddhya Roy
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ananya Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Aparajita Bairagi
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Debangshi Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ashna Jha
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit Of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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Durán-Sotuela A, Fernandez-Moreno M, Suárez-Ulloa V, Vázquez-García J, Relaño S, Hermida-Gómez T, Balboa-Barreiro V, Lourido-Salas L, Calamia V, Fernandez-Puente P, Ruiz-Romero C, Fernández-Tajes J, Vaamonde-García C, de Andrés MC, Oreiro N, Blanco FJ, Rego-Perez I. A meta-analysis and a functional study support the influence of mtDNA variant m.16519C on the risk of rapid progression of knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2023:ard-2022-223570. [PMID: 37024296 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-223570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genetic variants associated with the risk of rapid progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to characterise their functional significance using a cellular model of transmitochondrial cybrids. METHODS Three prospective cohorts contributed participants. The osteoarthritis initiative (OAI) included 1095 subjects, the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee included 373 and 326 came from the PROspective Cohort of Osteoarthritis from A Coruña. mtDNA variants were screened in an initial subset of 450 subjects from the OAI by in-depth sequencing of mtDNA. A meta-analysis of the three cohorts was performed. A model of cybrids was constructed to study the functional consequences of harbouring the risk mtDNA variant by assessing: mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial biosynthesis, mitochondrial fission and fusion, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, autophagy and a whole transcriptome analysis by RNA-sequencing. RESULTS mtDNA variant m.16519C is over-represented in rapid progressors (combined OR 1.546; 95% CI 1.163 to 2.054; p=0.0027). Cybrids with this variant show increased mtDNA copy number and decreased mitochondrial biosynthesis; they produce higher amounts of mitochondrial ROS, are less resistant to oxidative stress, show a lower expression of the mitochondrial fission-related gene fission mitochondrial 1 and an impairment of autophagic flux. In addition, its presence modulates the transcriptome of cybrids, especially in terms of inflammation, where interleukin 6 emerges as one of the most differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the mtDNA variant m.16519C increases the risk of rapid progression of knee OA. Among the most modulated biological processes associated with this variant, inflammation and negative regulation of cellular process stand out. The design of therapies based on the maintenance of mitochondrial function is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Durán-Sotuela
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez-Moreno
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Victoria Suárez-Ulloa
- Grupo de Avances en Telemedicina e Informática Sanitaria (ATIS), Plataforma de Bioinformática, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Jorge Vázquez-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Sara Relaño
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Tamara Hermida-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
- Grupo GBTTC-CHUAC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Balboa-Barreiro
- Unidad de apoyo a la investigación, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermería y Cuidados en Salud, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Lucia Lourido-Salas
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Valentina Calamia
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Puente
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Romero
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
- Grupo GBTTC-CHUAC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Tajes
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Carlos Vaamonde-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - María C de Andrés
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Natividad Oreiro
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
- Grupo GBTTC-CHUAC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rego-Perez
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
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Abd Radzak SM, Mohd Khair SZN, Ahmad F, Patar A, Idris Z, Mohamed Yusoff AA. Insights regarding mitochondrial DNA copy number alterations in human cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:104. [PMID: 35713211 PMCID: PMC9304817 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the critical organelles involved in various cellular functions. Mitochondrial biogenesis is activated by multiple cellular mechanisms which require a synchronous regulation between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA). The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a proxy indicator for mitochondrial activity, and its alteration reflects mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Despite the precise mechanisms that modulate the amount and composition of mtDNA, which have not been fully elucidated, mtDNA-CN is known to influence numerous cellular pathways that are associated with cancer and as well as multiple other diseases. In addition, the utility of current technology in measuring mtDNA-CN contributes to its extensive assessment of diverse traits and tumorigenesis. The present review provides an overview of mtDNA-CN variations across human cancers and an extensive summary of the existing knowledge on the regulation and machinery of mtDNA-CN. The current information on the advanced methods used for mtDNA-CN assessment is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Muslihah Abd Radzak
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Siti Zulaikha Nashwa Mohd Khair
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Farizan Ahmad
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Azim Patar
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Zamzuri Idris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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Ji X, Guo W, Gu X, Guo S, Zhou K, Su L, Yuan Q, Liu Y, Guo X, Huang Q, Xing J. Mutational profiling of mtDNA control region reveals tumor-specific evolutionary selection involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. EBioMedicine 2022; 80:104058. [PMID: 35594659 PMCID: PMC9121266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations alter mitochondrial function in oxidative metabolism and play an important role in tumorigenesis. A series of studies have demonstrated that the mtDNA control region (mtCTR), which is essential for mtDNA replication and transcription, represents a mutational hotspot in human tumors. However, a comprehensive pan-cancer evolutionary pattern analysis of mtCTR mutations is urgently needed. Methods We generated a comprehensive combined dataset containing 10026 mtDNA somatic mutations from 4664 patients, covering 20 tumor types based on public and private next-generation sequencing data. Findings Our results demonstrated a significantly higher and much more variable mutation rate in mtCTR than in the coding region across different tumor types. Moreover, our data showed a remarkable distributional bias of tumor somatic mutations between the hypervariable segment (HVS) and non-HVS, with a significantly higher mutation density and average mutation sites in HVS. Importantly, the tumor-specific mutational pattern between mtCTR HVS and non-HVS was identified, which was classified into three evolutionary selection types (relaxed, moderate, and strict constraint types). Analysis of substitution patterns revealed that the prevalence of CH > TH in non-HVS greatly contributed to the mutational selection pattern of mtCTR across different tumor types. Furthermore, we found that the mutational pattern of mtCTR in the four tumor types was clearly associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and the overall survival of patients. Interpretation Our results suggest that somatic mutations in mtCTR may be shaped by tumor-specific selective pressure and are involved in tumorigenesis. Fundings National Natural Science Foundation of China [grants 82020108023, 81830070, 81872302], and Autonomous Project of State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, China [grants CBSKL2019ZZ06, CBSKL2019ZZ27].
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Zhao Y, Peng C, Zhang J, Lai R, Zhang X, Guo Z. Mitochondrial Displacement Loop Region SNPs Modify Sjögren’s Syndrome Development by Regulating Cytokines Expression in Female Patients. Front Genet 2022; 13:847521. [PMID: 35360865 PMCID: PMC8963357 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.847521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction could induce innate immune response with cytokines releasing to initiate Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) onset. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number of female SS patients were evaluated for their association with SS in female patients. At the nucleotide site of 152, 16304, 16311 and 16362 in the D-loop, the frequencies for the minor alleles of 152C (p = 0.040, odds ratio [OR] = 0.504), 16304C (p = 0.045, OR = 0.406), 16311C (p = 0.045, OR = 0.406) and 16362C (p = 0.028, OR = 0.519) were significantly higher in the SS patients than those in the female controls, which indicated that 152,C, 16304C, 16311C, and 16362C allele in the D-loop of mtDNA were associated with the risk of SS. Meanwhile, the excessive SNPs were accumulated in D-loop region of SS patients (8.955 ± 2.028 versus 7.898 ± 1.987, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.477–1.637) and mtDNA copy number increased in SS patients (1.509 ± 0.836 versus 1.221 ± 0.506, p = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.086–0.490) by a case-control analysis. The subsequent analysis showed that SS risk-related allele 16311C was associated with higher IL-2 levels (p = 0.010) at significantly statistical level whereas 152C associated with lower IL-10 levels (p = 0.058) at a borderline statistical levels. Our findings suggest that mitochondrial D-loop SNPs are predictors for SS risk, it might modify the SS development by regulating cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxing Peng
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruixue Lai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhanjun Guo,
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Sanyal T, Paul M, Bhattacharjee S, Bhattacharjee P. Epigenetic alteration of mitochondrial biogenesis regulatory genes in arsenic exposed individuals (with and without skin lesions) and in skin cancer tissues: A case control study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127305. [PMID: 32563914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic toxicity has become a global concern due to its adverse pathophysiological outcome and carcinogenic potential. It is already established that arsenic induced reactive oxygen species alters mitochondrial functionality. Major regulatory genes for mitochondrial biogenesis, i.e., PGC1α, Tfam, NRF1and NRF2 are located in the nucleus. As a result, mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk is crucial for proper mitochondrial function. This previous hypothesis led us to investigateinvolvement of epigenetic alteration behindenhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in chronic arsenic exposure. An extensive case-control study was conducted with 390 study participants (unexposed, exposed without skin lesion, exposed with skin lesion and exposed skin tumour) from highly arsenic exposed areas ofWest Bengal, India. Methylation specific PCRrevealed significant promoter hypomethylation oftwo key biogenesis regulatory genes, PGC1αandTfam in arsenic exposed individuals and also in skin tumour tissues. Linear regression analysis indicated significant negative correlation between urinary arsenic concentration and promoter methylation status. Increased expression of biogenesis regulatory genes wasobtained by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Moreover, altered mitochondrial fusion-fission regulatory gene expression was also observed in skin tumour tissues. miR663, having tumour suppressor gene like function was known to be epigenetically regulated through mitochondrial retrograde signal. Promoter hypermethylation with significantly decreased expression of miR663 was found in skin cancer tissues compared to non-cancerous control tissue. In conclusion, results indicated crucial role of epigenetic alteration in arsenic induced mitochondrial biogenesis and arsenical skin carcinogenesis for the first time. However, further mechanistic studies are necessary for detailed understanding of mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk in arsenic perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Manabi Paul
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | | | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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Pérez-Amado CJ, Tovar H, Gómez-Romero L, Beltrán-Anaya FO, Bautista-Piña V, Dominguez-Reyes C, Villegas-Carlos F, Tenorio-Torres A, Alfaro-Ruíz LA, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Jiménez-Morales S. Mitochondrial DNA Mutation Analysis in Breast Cancer: Shifting From Germline Heteroplasmy Toward Homoplasmy in Tumors. Front Oncol 2020; 10:572954. [PMID: 33194675 PMCID: PMC7653098 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.572954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested a potential role of somatic mitochondrial mutations in cancer development. To analyze the landscape of somatic mitochondrial mutation in breast cancer and to determine whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutational burden is correlated with overall survival (OS), we sequenced whole mtDNA from 92 matched-paired primary breast tumors and peripheral blood. A total of 324 germline variants and 173 somatic mutations were found in the tumors. The most common germline allele was 663G (12S), showing lower heteroplasmy levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes than in their matched tumors, even reaching homoplasmic status in several cases. The heteroplasmy load was higher in tumors than in their paired normal tissues. Somatic mtDNA mutations were found in 73.9% of breast tumors; 59% of these mutations were located in the coding region (66.7% non-synonymous and 33.3% synonymous). Although the CO1 gene presented the highest number of mutations, tRNA genes (T,C, and W), rRNA 12S, and CO1 and ATP6 exhibited the highest mutation rates. No specific mtDNA mutational profile was associated with molecular subtypes of breast cancer, and we found no correlation between mtDNA mutational burden and OS. Future investigations will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms through which mtDNA mutations and heteroplasmy shifting contribute to breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jhovani Pérez-Amado
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado, Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Tovar
- Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Gómez-Romero
- Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fredy Omar Beltrán-Anaya
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Luis Alberto Alfaro-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
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Thakur N, Sharma AK, Singh H, Singh S. Role of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Variations in Cancer Development: A Systematic Review. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:375-393. [PMID: 32673136 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1797768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
mtDNA is the closed circular, ds-DNA present in mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and are inherited maternally. Besides being the power house of the cell, mitochondria are also responsible for the regulation of redox homeostasis, signaling, metabolism, immunity, survival and apoptosis. Lack of a 'Systematic Review' on mtDNA variations and cancers encouraged us to perform the present study. Pubmed', 'Embase' and 'Cochrane Library' databases were searched using keywords 'Mitochondrial DNA' OR 'mtDNA' OR 'mDNA' AND 'polymorphism' AND 'cancer' AND 'risk' to retrieve literature. Polymorphisms occupy first rank among mtDNA variations followed by CNV, MSI, mutations and hold a great potential to emerge as key predictors for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Thakur
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India), Noida, India
| | - Amitesh Kumar Sharma
- Division of Informatics, Systems Research and Management, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India), New Delhi, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Division of Informatics, Systems Research and Management, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India), New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India), Noida, India
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10
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Aminuddin A, Ng PY, Leong CO, Chua EW. Mitochondrial DNA alterations may influence the cisplatin responsiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7885. [PMID: 32398775 PMCID: PMC7217862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the intrinsic or acquired resistance against cisplatin remains a major obstacle to treatment efficacy in OSCC. Recently, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations have been reported in a variety of cancers. However, the role of mtDNA alterations in OSCC has not been comprehensively studied. In this study, we evaluated the correlation between mtDNA alterations (mtDNA content, point mutations, large-scale deletions, and methylation status) and cisplatin sensitivity using two OSCC cell lines, namely SAS and H103, and stem cell-like tumour spheres derived from SAS. By microarray analysis, we found that the tumour spheres profited from aberrant lipid and glucose metabolism and became resistant to cisplatin. By qPCR analysis, we found that the cells with less mtDNA were less responsive to cisplatin (H103 and the tumour spheres). Based on the findings, we theorised that the metabolic changes in the tumour spheres probably resulted in mtDNA depletion, as the cells suppressed mitochondrial respiration and switched to an alternative mode of energy production, i.e. glycolysis. Then, to ascertain the origin of the variation in mtDNA content, we used MinION, a nanopore sequencer, to sequence the mitochondrial genomes of H103, SAS, and the tumour spheres. We found that the lower cisplatin sensitivity of H103 could have been caused by a constellation of genetic and epigenetic changes in its mitochondrial genome. Future work may look into how changes in mtDNA translate into an impact on cell function and therefore cisplatin response.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- DNA, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnani Aminuddin
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Yuen Ng
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Wee Chua
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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11
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Wang SX, Ning WJ, Zhang XW, Tang PZ, Li ZJ, Liu WS. Predictors of Occult Lymph Node Metastasis and Prognosis in Patients with cN0 T1–T2 Supraglottic Laryngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2019; 81:317-326. [DOI: 10.1159/000503007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Apart from reliable management of the "powerhouse" of the cell, mitochondria faithfully orchestrate a diverse array of important and critical functions in governing cellular signaling, apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy and innate and adaptive immune system. Introduction of instability and imbalance in the mitochondrial own genome or the nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteome would result in the manifestation of various diseases through alterations in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and nuclear-mitochondria retrograde signaling. Understanding mitochondrial biology and dynamism are thus of paramount importance to develop strategies to prevent or treat various diseases caused due to mitochondrial alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
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13
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Al Khatib I, Shutt TE. Advances Towards Therapeutic Approaches for mtDNA Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1158:217-246. [PMID: 31452143 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8367-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria maintain and express their own genome, referred to as mtDNA, which is required for proper mitochondrial function. While mutations in mtDNA can cause a heterogeneous array of disease phenotypes, there is currently no cure for this collection of diseases. Here, we will cover characteristics of the mitochondrial genome important for understanding the pathology associated with mtDNA mutations, and review recent approaches that are being developed to treat and prevent mtDNA disease. First, we will discuss mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT), where mitochondria from a healthy donor replace maternal mitochondria harbouring mutant mtDNA. In addition to ethical concerns surrounding this procedure, MRT is only applicable in cases where the mother is known or suspected to carry mtDNA mutations. Thus, there remains a need for other strategies to treat patients with mtDNA disease. To this end, we will also discuss several alternative means to reduce the amount of mutant mtDNA present in cells. Such methods, referred to as heteroplasmy shifting, have proven successful in animal models. In particular, we will focus on the approach of targeting engineered endonucleases to specifically cleave mutant mtDNA. Together, these approaches offer hope to prevent the transmission of mtDNA disease and potentially reduce the impact of mtDNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al Khatib
- Deparments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Deparments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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14
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Elamir A, ElRefai SM, Ghazy SE. Molecular alterations of mitochondrial D-loop in oral leukoplakia. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13944-13951. [PMID: 30945332 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the years, numerous studies proposed a crucial role of mutations of nuclear DNA in the carcinogenesis process. Of late, many researchers suppose that alterations of mitochondrial DNA should not be excepted from this analysis. Mutational analysis of mitochondrial DNA displayed that mitochondrial D-loop is assessed as a hotspot for molecular alterations in various types of malignant tumors encompassing oral squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is believed to emerge through precancerous stages, which might be merely morphologic aspects of cumulative genetic variations. METHODS In keeping with this model of molecular tumor progression, this study aimed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative alterations that might occur in mitochondrial D-loop in oral leukoplakia whether dysplastic or not by semiquantitation of a product of the polymerase chain reaction and sequence analyses of mitochondrial D-loop gene. RESULTS Statistically significant increases in the mean values of D-loop concentrations were observed across the dysplasia gradient of oral leukoplakia. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of point mutations in both dysplastic and nondysplastic oral leukoplakia but not in normal mucosa. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggested that quantitative and qualitative alterations in mitochondrial D-loop could be a promising molecular marker for early detection and progression of the malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Elamir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Sahar M ElRefai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Princess Nourah University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa E Ghazy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Nakai T, Sakurada A, Endo T, Kobayashi H, Masuda S, Makishima M, Esumi M. Caution for simple sequence repeat number variation in the mitochondrial DNA D-loop to determine cancer-specific variants. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1883-1888. [PMID: 30675251 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement loop (D-loop) is often altered in various cancer types, including with regard to simple sequence repeat number variation (SSRNV), which includes the C-tract and CA-tract. However, because of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and slippage errors by the Taq DNA polymerase used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, it is difficult to precisely evaluate mtDNA D-loop SSRNV experimentally. In this study, to precisely determine cancer-specific variants in mtDNA SSRNV, various microscopic portions of cancerous tissues and normal control tissues were obtained from a patient with breast cancer, followed by laser-capture microdissection of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. Regions containing (CA)7 repeats (positions 514-523) and (C)8 repeats (positions 303-315) of the mitochondria DNA D-loop were amplified and sequenced. Variant signals of mtDNA SSRs of (CA)7 and (C)8 were observed in normal and cancerous tissues, with the content of minor alleles (CA)6 and (C)7/(C)9 differing among samples. These results were confirmed by PCR using various primers and proofreading DNA polymerases. PCR of genomic SSRs of (CA)7 in the NAALD2 gene and (C)8 in the BMP6 gene showed a simple repeat in all samples that was different from the observed mtDNA SSRNV. The present study suggests a reliable procedure for determining cancer-specific variants in mtDNA SSRNV: Using a proofreading DNA polymerase for PCR, the background of slippage by PCR is determined by PCR of the same genomic sequence as the target. Due to the varied heteroplasmy level of mtDNA SSRNV among normal tissues, the second background of polymorphic variations should be determined by several normal tissue DNA as PCR templates. Finally, the cancer-specific variant, including its variation frequency, is determined by subtracting the two background signals from the variant signals in cancer. However, care must be taken, as normal heteroplasmy drifts observed in mtDNA SSRNV may complicate such estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokiko Nakai
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Akihisa Sakurada
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Toshihide Endo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kobayashi
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shinobu Masuda
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Mariko Esumi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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16
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Wang L, Lv H, Ji P, Zhu X, Yuan H, Jin G, Dai J, Hu Z, Su Y, Ma H. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese population. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2776-2782. [PMID: 29673117 PMCID: PMC6010846 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria show the special role in cellular bioenergy and many essential physiological activities. Previous researches have suggested that variations of mitochondrial DNA copy number contribute to development of different types of carcinomas. However, the relationship of mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) with the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still inconclusive. We investigated the association of mtDNA with HNSCC risk through a case-control study including 570 HNSCC cases and 597 cancer-free controls. mtDNA copy number in PBLs was measured by real-time qPCR. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between the mtDNA copy number in PBLs and HNSCC risk. A U-shaped relation between the mtDNA copy number and HNSCC risk was found. Compared with those in the second quartile group, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for those in the first and the forth quartile groups were 1.95 (1.37-2.76) and 2.16 (1.53-3.04), respectively. Using restricted cubic spline analysis, we confirmed such a significant U-shaped relation. Furthermore, the U-shaped association remained significant in different subgroups stratified by age, gender, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption. Both extremely low and high mtDNA copy numbers had significant associations with the increased HNSCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Pei Ji
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210029China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Yuxiong Su
- Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFaculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
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17
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Zhang Q, Xiong Y, Lin L, Yuan K. Analysis of related factors of surgical treatment effect on 215 patients with laryngeal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2786-2791. [PMID: 29456681 PMCID: PMC5795720 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the factors affecting the surgical treatment effect on patients with laryngeal cancer. The clinical data (including the sex, age, smoking index, drinking, primary tumor site, tumor (T) stage, lymph nodes (N) stage, tumor differentiation degree, tumor diameter, surgical method, lymph node metastasis and cervical lymph node dissection) of 215 patients with laryngeal cancer in The Central Hospital of Wuhan were analyzed retrospectively; the survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method; log-rank test was used for single-factor analysis, while Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multiple-factor analysis. The 215 patients were followed up after surgical treatment. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 96.2, 78.0 and 72.5%, respectively. The results of single-factor analysis showed that the age, primary tumor site, tumor differentiation degree, T stage, N stage, smoking index, tumor diameter and lymph node metastasis had significant influence on the postoperative curative effect on patients (P<0.05), but the patient's age, drinking and surgical method had no correlation with the postoperative curative effect (P>0.05). Multiple-factor analysis revealed that the primary tumor site, T stage, N stage and lymph node metastasis were the independent risk factors affecting the surgical effect on patients with laryngeal cancer. The survival rate of laryngeal cancer is decreased with the increase of T stage and N stage. The survival rate of patients with supraglottic laryngeal cancer is higher than that of patients with glottic laryngeal cancer and subglottic laryngeal cancer, and the survival rate of patients with lymph node metastasis-positive laryngeal cancer is lower than that of patients with lymph node metastasis-negative laryngeal cancer. The main factors affecting the survival rate of laryngeal cancer are primary tumor site, T stage, N stage and lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
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18
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Mohamed Yusoff AA, Mohd Nasir KN, Haris K, Mohd Khair SZN, Abdul Ghani ARI, Idris Z, Abdullah JM. Detection of somatic mutations in the mitochondrial DNA control region D-loop in brain tumors: The first report in Malaysian patients. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5179-5188. [PMID: 29098023 PMCID: PMC5652220 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the role of nuclear-encoded gene alterations has been well documented in brain tumor development, the involvement of the mitochondrial genome in brain tumorigenesis has not yet been fully elucidated and remains controversial. The present study aimed to identify mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region D-loop in patients with brain tumors in Malaysia. A mutation analysis was performed in which DNA was extracted from paired tumor tissue and blood samples obtained from 49 patients with brain tumors. The D-loop region DNA was amplified using the PCR technique, and genetic data from DNA sequencing analyses were compared with the published revised Cambridge sequence to identify somatic mutations. Among the 49 brain tumor tissue samples evaluated, 25 cases (51%) had somatic mutations of the mtDNA D-loop, with a total of 48 mutations. Novel mutations that had not previously been identified in the D-loop region (176 A-deletion, 476 C>A, 566 C>A and 16405 A-deletion) were also classified. No significant associations between the D-loop mutation status and the clinicopathological parameters were observed. To the best of our knowledge, the current study presents the first evidence of alterations in the mtDNA D-loop regions in the brain tumors of Malaysian patients. These results may provide an overview and data regarding the incidence of mitochondrial genome alterations in Malaysian patients with brain tumors. In addition to nuclear genome aberrations, these specific mitochondrial genome alterations may also be considered as potential cancer biomarkers for the diagnosis and staging of brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Khairol Naaim Mohd Nasir
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Khalilah Haris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Siti Zulaikha Nashwa Mohd Khair
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Izaini Abdul Ghani
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Zamzuri Idris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.,Center for Neuroscience Services and Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.,Center for Neuroscience Services and Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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19
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Chen N, Wen S, Sun X, Fang Q, Huang L, Liu S, Li W, Qiu M. Elevated Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Peripheral Blood and Tissue Predict the Opposite Outcome of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37404. [PMID: 27857175 PMCID: PMC5114650 DOI: 10.1038/srep37404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was associated with cancer risk. However, no solid conclusion revealed the potential predictive value of mtDNA copy number for cancer prognosis. The present meta-analysis was performed to clarify the problem. Hence, we performed a systematic search in PubMed, EmBase, Web of Science databases independently and a total of eighteen studies comprising 3961 cases satisfied the criteria and finally enrolled. Our results didn’t show the association between them but significant heterogeneity in overall analysis (OS: HR = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.653–1.306, p = 0.652; DFS: HR = 0.997, 95% CI: 0.599–1.659, p = 0.99). However, subgroup analysis stratified by sample came to the opposite conclusion. High level mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood predicted a poor cancer prognosis (OS: HR = 1.624, 95% CI: 1.211–2.177, p = 0.001; DFS: HR = 1.582, 95% CI: 1.026–2.439, p = 0.038) while patients with high level mitochondrial DNA copy number in tumor tissue exhibited better outcomes (OS: HR = 0.604 95% CI: 0.406–0.899, p = 0.013; DFS: HR = 0.593, 95% CI: 0.411–0.857, p = 0.005). These findings were further proved in detailed analyses in blood or tissue subgroup. In conclusion, our study suggested the elevated mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood predicted a poor cancer prognosis while the better outcome was presented among patients with elevated mtDNA copy number in tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shu Wen
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Fang
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Huang
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wanling Li
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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20
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Bao D, Ba Y, Zhou F, Zhao J, Yang Q, Ge N, Guo X, Wu Z, Zhang H, Yang H, Wan S, Xing J. Alterations of telomere length and mtDNA copy number are associated with overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:791-9. [PMID: 27558242 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (mtDNAcn) and relative telomere length (RTL) may be implicated in the tumorigenesis of several malignancies. Alterations of both RTL and mtDNAcn are generally accepted as independent biomarkers for predicting risk and prognosis in various cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of combining leukocyte RTL with mtDNAcn (RTL-mtDNAcn) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS RTL and mtDNAcn in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were measured using a real-time PCR-based method in a total of 250 HCC patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We evaluated the associations between RTL and/or mtDNAcn and HCC overall survival using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS We found that patients with longer leukocyte RTL or lower mtDNAcn had shorter overall survival time. The univariate analysis (HR 1.63, 95 % CI 1.23-2.17, P = 7.7 × 10(-4)) and multivariate analysis (HR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.31-2.42, P = 2.4 × 10(-4)) indicated that longer leukocyte RTL was significantly associated with poorer OS in HCC patients. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with longer RTL had shorter overall survival time than those with shorter RTL (log-rank P = 0.001). Patients with lower mtDNA copy number was significantly associated with poorer OS by Cox proportional hazards model using both univariate (HR 1.60, 95 % CI 1.21-2.13, P = 0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR 1.77, 95 % CI 1.30-2.41, P = 2.8 × 10(-4)). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with lower mtDNA content had significantly shorter overall survival time than those with higher mtDNA content (log-rank P = 0.001). Furthermore, combination of leukocyte RTL and mtDNAcn significantly improved the efficacy of predicting HCC prognosis. Patients with longer RTL and lower mtDNAcn exhibited a significantly poorer overall survival in both the univariate analysis (HR 2.21, 95 % CI 1.52-3.22, P = 3.5 × 10(-5)) and multivariate analysis (HR 2.60, 95 % CI 1.73-3.90, P = 4.3 × 10(-6)). The effect on patient prognosis was more evident in patients with longer RTL and lower mtDNAcn than in those with shorter RTL and lower mtDNA (HR 2.11, 95 % CI 1.34-3.32, P = 0.001) or in those with longer RTL and higher mtDNA (HR 2.10, 95 % CI 1.34-3.27, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that combination of leukocyte RTL-mtDNAcn may be a potential efficient prognostic marker for HCC patients receiving the TACE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Bao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanna Ba
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Naijian Ge
- Department of Radioactive Intervention, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenbiao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shanxi, China
| | - Hushan Yang
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Shaogui Wan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China.
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Mishra M, Kowluru RA. Epigenetic Modification of Mitochondrial DNA in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:5133-42. [PMID: 26241401 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal mitochondria are dysfunctional in diabetes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is damaged and its transcription is compromised. Our aim was to investigate the role of mtDNA methylation in the development of diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Effect of high glucose (20 mM) on mtDNA methylation was analyzed in retinal endothelial cells by methylation-specific PCR and by quantifying 5-methylcytosine (5mC). Dnmt1 binding at the D-loop and Cytb regions of mtDNA was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. The role of mtDNA methylation in transcription and cell death was confirmed by quantifying transcripts of mtDNA-encoded genes (Cytb, ND6, and CoxII) and apoptosis, using cells transfected with Dnmt1-small interfering RNA (siRNA), or incubated with a Dnmt inhibitor. The key parameters were validated in the retinal microvasculature from human donors with diabetic retinopathy. RESULTS High glucose increased mtDNA methylation, and methylation was significantly higher at the D-loop than at the Cytb and CoxII regions. Mitochondrial accumulation of Dnmt1 and its binding at the D-loop were also significantly increased. Inhibition of Dnmt by its siRNA or pharmacologic inhibitor ameliorated glucose-induced increase in 5mC levels and cell apoptosis. Retinal microvasculature from human donors with diabetic retinopathy presented similar increase in D-loop methylation and decrease in mtDNA transcription. CONCLUSIONS Hypermethylation of mtDNA in diabetes impairs its transcription, resulting in dysfunctional mitochondria and accelerated capillary cell apoptosis. Regulation of mtDNA methylation has potential to restore mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit/retard the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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Díaz M, Aragonés G, Sánchez-Infantes D, Bassols J, Pérez-Cruz M, de Zegher F, Lopez-Bermejo A, Ibáñez L. Mitochondrial DNA in placenta: associations with fetal growth and superoxide dismutase activity. Horm Res Paediatr 2015; 82:303-9. [PMID: 25247554 DOI: 10.1159/000366079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal growth restraint is associated with increased oxidative stress--as judged by mitochondrial dysfunction--in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia or diabetes, but it is uncertain whether this is also the case in uncomplicated pregnancies. We assessed the link between fetal growth restraint and placental mitochondrial dysfunction, as reflected by changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. METHODS After uncomplicated pregnancies, placentas (n = 48) were collected at term delivery of singleton infants who were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) or small for gestational age (SGA) (n = 24 in each subgroup). Placental mtDNA content was assessed by real-time PCR, placental SOD activity by colorimetry, and citrate synthase activity--to determine mitochondrial mass--by the spectrophotometric method. RESULTS Placentas of SGA infants had a lower mtDNA content (p = 0.015) and a higher SOD activity (p = 0.001) than those of AGA controls. These differences were maintained after normalization of the mtDNA content by citrate synthase activity. In placentas of SGA infants, there was a negative association between mtDNA content and SOD activity (r = -0.58, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Fetal growth restraint is accompanied by adaptive changes in the mitochondrial function of the placenta, also in uncomplicated pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Díaz
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Esplugues, Spain
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Chen Y, Zhang J, Huang X, Zhang J, Zhou X, Hu J, Li G, He S, Xing J. High leukocyte mitochondrial DNA content contributes to poor prognosis in glioma patients through its immunosuppressive effect. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:99-106. [PMID: 26022928 PMCID: PMC4647544 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have indicated significant associations of leukocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number with risk of several malignancies, including glioma. However, whether mtDNA content can predict the clinical outcome of glioma patients has not been investigated. Methods: The mtDNA content of peripheral blood leukocytes from 336 glioma patients was examined using a real-time PCR-based method. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to examine the association of mtDNA content with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients. To explore the potential mechanism, the immune phenotypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma concentrations of several cytokines from another 20 glioma patients were detected by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results: Patients with high mtDNA content showed both poorer OS and PFS than those with low mtDNA content. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that mtDNA content was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and PFS. Stratified analyses showed that high mtDNA content was significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients with younger age, high-grade glioma or adjuvant radiochemotherapy. Immunological analysis indicated that patients with high mtDNA content had significantly lower frequency of natural killer cells in PBMCs and higher plasma concentrations of interleukin-2 and tumour necrosis factor-α, suggesting an immunosuppression-related mechanism involved in mtDNA-mediated prognosis. Conclusions: Our study for the first time demonstrated that leukocyte mtDNA content could serve as an independent prognostic marker and an indicator of immune functions in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - X Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - J Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - X Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - J Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - S He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - J Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Lee JH, Hwang I, Kang YN, Choi IJ, Kim DK. Genetic characteristics of mitochondrial DNA was associated with colorectal carcinogenesis and its prognosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118612. [PMID: 25734426 PMCID: PMC4348484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical value of mitochondrial DNA has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC). To clarify its role in colorectal carcinogenesis, mitochondrial microsatellite instability (mtMSI) and other markers were investigated in CRCs and their precancerous lesions, as a multitier genetic study. DNA was isolated from paired normal and tumoral tissues in 78 tubular adenomas (TAs), 34 serrated polyps (SPs), and 100 CRCs. mtMSI, nucleus microsatellite instability (nMSI), KRAS mutation, and BRAF mutation were investigated in these tumors and their statistical analysis was performed. mtMSI was found in 30% of CRCs and 21.4% of precancerous lesions. Mitochondrial copy number was higher in SPs than TAs and it was associated with mtMSI in low grade TAs. KRAS and BRAF mutations were mutually exclusive in TAs and SPs. CRCs with mtMSI showed shorter overall survival times than the patients without mtMSI. In CRCs without nMSI or BRAF mutation, mtMSI was a more accurate marker for predicting prognosis. The genetic change of mitochondrial DNA is an early and independent event in colorectal precancerous lesions and mtMSI and mitochondrial contents are associated with the tubular adenoma-carcinoma sequence, resulting in poor prognosis. This result suggested that the genetic change in mitochondrial DNA appears to be a possible prognosis marker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseon Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Na Kang
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jang Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kwang Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanvit Institute for Medical Genetics, City Women's Clinic, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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25
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Lee H, Lee JH, Kim DC, Hwang I, Kang YN, Gwon GJ, Choi IJ, Kim S. Is Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Associated with Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:87-90. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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26
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Lee JH, Kim DK. Microsatellite Instability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNAs in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.19.8027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Mishra M, Kowluru RA. Retinal mitochondrial DNA mismatch repair in the development of diabetic retinopathy, and its continued progression after termination of hyperglycemia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:6960-7. [PMID: 25249609 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is damaged in the retina in diabetes, and mitochondria copy numbers are decreased. The displacement-loop (D-loop) of the mtDNA, the region with transcription/replication elements, experiences more damage than other regions of mtDNA. Our aim was to examine the role of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) in mitochondria homeostasis in diabetic retinopathy, and in its continued progression after cessation of hyperglycemia. METHODS Effect of hyperglycemia on sequence variants in the D-loop region was investigated in retinal endothelial cells and in the retina from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using mismatch-specific surveyor nuclease. The role of MMR machinery in mtDNA damage and mitochondrial respiration was investigated in retinal endothelial cells overexpressing Mlh1, an MMR enzyme mainly associated with mtDNA polymerase gamma, or Msh2 (associated with nuclear polymerase beta). RESULTS Hyperglycemia increased sequence variants in the D-loop region. While overexpression of Mlh1 in endothelial cells ameliorated glucose-induced increase in D-loop sequence variants, decrease in respiration rate and increase in apoptosis, overexpression of Msh2 did not protect the mitochondria damage. Termination of hyperglycemia failed to reverse decrease in MMR enzymes and increase in D-loop sequence variants. CONCLUSIONS Due to a compromised MMR system, the sequence variants in the D-loop region were not repaired, and that resulted in impaired mtDNA transcription. Mitochondria become dysfunctional, and they continued to be dysfunctional even after hyperglycemia was terminated, contributing to the development, and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Thus, strategies targeting mitochondrial MMR machinery could help maintain mitochondria homeostasis, and inhibit the development of diabetic retinopathy and its continued progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mishra
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Renu A Kowluru
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
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28
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Durzyńska J. IGF axis and other factors in HPV-related and HPV-unrelated carcinogenesis (review). Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2295-306. [PMID: 25333772 PMCID: PMC4240475 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis promotes the growth of cells, tissues and organs. IGF-1 is mainly produced in the liver but is also secreted from local tissues. In the circulation, IGF-1 is bound to insulin-like binding proteins (IGFBPs), and when released it activates the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). The signal is further transmitted by intracellular signaling pathways leading to gene expression that regulates, among others, cell proliferation and survival. This review presents the IGF axis in the context of cell transformation and cancer development. Aspects involving IGF-1 deficiency and protection from cancer are also briefly described. Furthermore, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) interplaying with IGF axis components in cervical cancer development are described. These small dsDNA viruses are divided into low-risk and high-risk HPVs with regard to the potency of their oncogenic actions; they mainly infect epithelial or mucosal cells. Special attention is drawn to expression of two major HPV oncogenes (E6 and E7) initiating and maintaining cervical carcinogenesis, which is a multistep and multifactorial process; therefore, involvement of additional factors such as mitochondrial DNA changes, sex hormones, retinoic and folic acids are also discussed. Finally, IGF axis components and HPV oncogenes as targets in anticancer treatment are presented which include IGF-1R downregulation, RNA interference and anti-HPV therapeutic vaccines. The review concludes that despite an enormous advancement in research on IGF and HPV-related cancers, more molecular studies and clinical trials are needed before commercialized therapies are widely available for oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Durzyńska
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-614 Poznań, Poland
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29
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Huang XY, Li H, Xu XM, Wang LX. Mitochondrial DNA mutation screening of male patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:519-524. [PMID: 25009612 PMCID: PMC4079429 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the differences between the genes of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement loop (D-loop) region and the Cambridge Reference sequence, in order to screen the mutation sites and investigate the correlation between mutations, clinical parameters and complications associated with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). mtDNA was obtained from male patients with OSAHS in the Zhejiang Province. In total, 60 male patients with OSAHS and 102 healthy adults were assessed to determine the levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and high-density and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Furthermore, peripheral mtDNA was extracted and bidirectional sequencing was conducted to enable mutation screening. In the mtDNA D-loop region, 178 mutation sites were identified, of which 115 sites were present in the two groups. The number of non-common sites in the OSAHS group was significantly higher compared with the control group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the mutations among the mild, moderate and severe OSAHS groups (P>0.05). A total of 21 cases in the severe OSAHS group exhibited mutation rates of >10%. In the control group, there were 24 cases where the np73A-G and np263A-G mutations were predominant. The np303–np315 region was identified to be the highly variable region and various mutation forms were observed. Statistically significant differences were observed in the neck perimeter, TG and LDL levels among the OSAHS-no-mutation subgroups (P<0.05) and LDL was shown to be associated with an mtDNA mutation in the OSAHS group. Numerous polymorphic mutation sites were identified in the mtDNA D-loop region of the OSAHS group. Therefore, mtDNA mutation sites may be closely associated with the clinical manifestations and complications of OSAHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Hospital of Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau, Renqiu, Hebei 062552, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Xing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, P.R. China
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He Y, Gong Y, Gu J, Lee JJ, Lippman SM, Wu X. Increased leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with oral premalignant lesions: an epidemiology study. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1760-4. [PMID: 24743515 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although changes in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) have been linked to increased susceptibility to several cancers, the relationship between the mtDNA copy number in PBLs and the risk of cancer precursors has not been investigated. In this study, we measured the relative mtDNA copy number in PBLs of 143 patients with histologically confirmed oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) and of 357 healthy controls that were frequency-matched to patients according to age, sex and race. OPL patients had a significantly higher mtDNA copy number than the controls (1.36 ± 0.74 versus 1.11 ± 0.32; P < 0.001). In analyses stratified by sex, race, alcohol consumption and smoking status, the mtDNA copy number was higher in the OPL patients than in the controls in all the strata. Using the median mtDNA copy number in the control group as a cutoff, we found that individuals with a high mtDNA copy number had significantly higher risk of having OPLs than individuals with a low mtDNA copy number (adjusted odds ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-3.05, P = 0.004). Analysis of the joint effect of alcohol consumption and smoking revealed even greater risk for OPLs. Our results suggest that high mtDNA copy number in PBLs is significantly associated with having OPLs. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiologic study to show that the mtDNA copy number may indicate the risk of cancer precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang He
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yilei Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA and
| | - Scott M Lippman
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA,
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Dang S, Qu Y, Wei J, Shao Y, Yang Q, Ji M, Shi B, Hou P. Low copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) predicts worse prognosis in early-stage laryngeal cancer patients. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:28. [PMID: 24499477 PMCID: PMC3916805 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number have been widely reported in various human cancers, and been considered to be an important hallmark of cancers. However, little is known about the value of copy number variations of mtDNA in the prognostic evaluation of laryngeal cancer. Design and methods Using real-time quantitative PCR method, we investigated mtDNA copy number in a cohort of laryngeal cancers (n =204) and normal laryngeal tissues (n =40), and explored the association of variable mtDNA copy number with clinical outcomes of laryngeal cancer patients. Results Our data showed that the relative mean mtDNA content was higher in the laryngeal cancer patients (11.91 ± 4.35 copies) than the control subjects (4.72 ± 0.70 copies). Moreover, we found that mtDNA content was negatively associated with cigarette smoking (pack-years), tumor invasion, and TNM stage. Notably, variable mtDNA content did not affect overall survival of laryngeal cancer patients. However, when the patients were categorized into early-stage and late-stage tumor groups according to TNM stage, we found that low mtDNA content was strongly associated with poor survival in the former, but not in the latter. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that low mtDNA content was strongly correlated with some of clinicopathological characteristics, such as cigarette smoking, tumor invasion and TNM stage. In addition, we found a strong link between low mtDNA content and worse survival of the patients with early-stage tumors. Taken together, low copy number of mtDNA may be a useful poor prognostic factor for early-stage laryngeal cancer patients. Virtual slides The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1841771572115955
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 710061 Xi'an, the People's Republic of China.
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Liu S, Shi S, Li Y, Kong D. Identification of sequence nucleotide polymorphisms in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA as a risk factor for epithelial ovarian cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 27:9-11. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.867435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Dai JG, Zhang ZY, Liu QX, Min JX. Mitochondrial genome microsatellite instability and copy number alteration in lung carcinomas. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:2393-9. [PMID: 23725147 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered a hotspot of mutations in various tumors. However, the relationship between microsatellite instability (MSI) and mtDNA copy number alterations in lung cancer has yet to be fully clarifieds. In the current study, we investigated the copy number and MSI of mitochondrial genome in lung carcinomas, as well as their significance for cancer development. METHODS The copy number and MSI of mtDNA in 37 matched lung carcinoma/adjacent histological normal lung tissue samples were examined by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) assays for sequence variation, followed by sequence analysis and fluorogenic 5'-nuclease real-time PCR. Student's t test and linear regression analyses were employed to analyze the association between mtDNA copy number alterations and mitochondrial MSI (mtMSI). RESULTS The mean copy number of mtDNA in lung carcinoma tissue samples was significantly lower than that of the adjacent histologically normal lung tissue samples (p < 0.001). mtMSI was detected in 32.4% (12/37) of lung carcinoma samples. The average copy number of mtDNA in lung carcinoma samples containing mtMSI was significantly lower than that in the other lung carcinoma samples (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that mtMSI may be an early and important event in the progression of lung carcinogenesis, particularly in association with variation in mtDNA copy number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Gang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery of Xinqiao Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Slaska B, Grzybowska-Szatkowska L, Surdyka M, Nisztuk S, Rozanska D, Rozanski P, Smiech A, Orzelski M. Mitochondrial D-loop mutations and polymorphisms are connected with canine malignant cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 25:238-43. [PMID: 23656294 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.792054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of the conducted investigations was to identify differences in the D-loop nucleotide sequence between neoplastic tissue, normal tissue, and blood and to determine their correlation with the type of cancer in dogs. In 62.5% of the analyzed tumors of epithelial origin and 25% tumors of mesenchymal origin, substitution was detected within the D-loop sequence between the neoplastic tissue, normal tissue, and blood. Two mutations occurring in the carcinogenic process in position T15620C have been identified in epithelioma glandulae sebacei and carcinoma planoepithelialae keratodes. Blood and cancer heteroplasmy was diagnosed for carcinoma planoepithelialae keratodes and "Comedo" carcinoma. The results of the study indicate that polymorphic changes in the D-loop sequence promote carcinogenesis in dogs. Heteroplasmy diagnosed in blood and tumor cells and absence thereof in normal tissue may imply mtDNA recombination. High prevalence of mtDNA mutations in canine tumors may suggest mtDNA genetic instability, which is likely to play a role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Slaska
- Department of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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