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Li L, Li L, Yang D, Nong S, Luo C, Gui C. Analysis of the thickness characteristics of the left atrial posterior wall and its correlation with the low and no voltage areas of the left atrial posterior wall in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:187. [PMID: 38582871 PMCID: PMC10998308 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between the thickness of the left atrial posterior wall and the low and no voltage zones in the left atrial posterior wall in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS 61 patients admitted to our cardiology department for AF and radiofrequency ablation of AF from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2022 were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The atrial wall thickness was measured by CT scan. Baseline data, preoperative cardiac ultrasound data, preoperative biochemical parameters, low voltage zone (fibrotic zone) and no voltage zone (scar zone) in the left atrial posterior wall area, and various parameters of posterior left atrial wall thickness were collected. RESULTS The differences of the thickness between the upper, middle and lower mean levels of the left atrial posterior wall were statistically significant (P = 0.004). The results showed that body mass index was weakly positively correlated with the mean level of total left atrial posterior wall thickness (r = 0.426, P = 0.001) and was statistically significant. The remaining indices were positively or negatively correlated with the mean level of total left atrial posterior wall thickness, but none were statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both left atrial posterior wall low-voltage zone and voltage-free zone were positively correlated with the mean total left atrial posterior wall thickness, and left atrial posterior wall low-voltage zone and voltage-free zone were significantly positively correlated. Body mass index was weakly positively correlated with total left atrial posterior wall thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longchang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology Second Ward, Hechi People's Hospital, Hechi, 547000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxiong Nong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Gui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Yuan Y, Han X, Zhao X, Zhang H, Vinograd A, Bi X, Duan X, Cao Y, Gao Q, Song J, Sheng L, Li Y. Circulating exosome long non-coding RNAs are associated with atrial structural remodeling by increasing systemic inflammation in atrial fibrillation patients. J Transl Int Med 2024; 12:106-118. [PMID: 38525437 PMCID: PMC10956728 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia with severe clinical sequelae, but its genetic characteristic implicated in pathogenesis has not been completely clarified. Accumulating evidence has indicated that circulating exosomes and their carried cargoes, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), involve in the progress of multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, their potential role as clinical biomarkers in AF diagnosis and prognosis remains unknown. Methods Herein, we conducted the sequence and bioinformatic analysis of circulating exosomes harvested from AF and sinus rhythm patients. Results A total of 53 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified, and a total of 6 significantly changed lncRNAs (fold change > 2.0), including NR0046235, NR003045, NONHSAT167247.1, NONHSAT202361.1, NONHSAT205820.1 and NONHSAT200958.1, were verified by qRT-PCR in 215 participants. Moreover, these circulating exosome lncRNA levels were different between paroxysmal and persistent AF patients, which were dramatically associated with abnormal hemodynamics and atrial diameter. Furthermore, we observed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of six lncRNAs combination for diagnosis of persistent AF was 80.34%. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analysis indicated these exosome lncRNAs mainly concerning response to chemokine-chemokine receptor interaction, which induced activated inflammation and structural remodeling. In addition, increased plasma levels of CXCR3 ligands, including CXCL4, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, were accumulated in AF patient tissues. Conclusion Our study provides the transcriptome profile revealing pattern of circulating exosome lncRNAs in atrial structural remodeling, which bring valuable insights into improving prognosis and therapeutic targets for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinbo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Asiia Vinograd
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bashkir State Medical University, UFA, Republic Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Xin Bi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoxu Duan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yukai Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston77054, USA
| | - Li Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder & Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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3
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Wang L, Wang H, Luo Y, Wu W, Gui Y, Zhao J, Xiong R, Li X, Yuan D, Yuan C. Role of LncRNA MIAT in Diabetic Complications. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1716-1725. [PMID: 37711129 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230914091944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) refers to a large class of RNAs with over 200 nucleotides that do not have the function of encoding proteins. In recent years, more and more literature has revealed that lncRNA is involved in manipulating genes related to human health and disease, playing outstanding biological functions, which has attracted widespread attention from researchers. The newly discovered long-stranded non-coding RNA myocardial infarction-related transcript (LncRNA MIAT) is abnormally expressed in a variety of diseases, especially in diabetic complications, and has been proven to have a wide range of effects. This review article aimed to summarize the importance of LncRNA MIAT in diabetic complications, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy, and highlight the latest findings on the pathway and mechanism of its participation in regulating diabetic complications, which may aid in finding new intervention targets for the treatment of diabetic complications. LncRNA MIAT competitively binds microRNAs to regulate gene expression as competitive endogenous RNAs. Thus, this review article has reviewed the biological function and pathogenesis of LncRNA MIAT in diabetic complications and described its role in diabetic complications. This paper will help in finding new therapeutic targets and intervention strategies for diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yiyang Luo
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yibei Gui
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Jiale Zhao
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Ruisi Xiong
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Wen JL, Ruan ZB, Wang F, Hu Y. Progress of circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in atrial fibrillation. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16604. [PMID: 38144204 PMCID: PMC10740593 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent arrhythmia that requires effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical management. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of AF, particularly through the ceRNA (competitive endogenous RNA) mechanism. By acting as ceRNAs, ncRNAs can competitively bind to miRNAs and modulate the expression of target mRNAs, thereby influencing the biological behavior of AF. The ceRNA axis has shown promise as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AF. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of AF, highlighting the intricate crosstalk between different ncRNAs in AF pathophysiology. Furthermore, we discuss the potential implications of targeting the circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-le Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong-bao Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuhua Hu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Beylerli O, Ju J, Beilerli A, Gareev I, Shumadalova A, Ilyasova T, Bai Y, Yang B. The roles of long noncoding RNAs in atrial fibrillation. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:542-549. [PMID: 37602317 PMCID: PMC10432912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that often occurs in patients with structural heart disease and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in clinical settings. AF is typically associated with significant changes of both the structure of the atria and the cardiac conduction system. AF can result in reduced heart function, heart failure, and various other complications. Current drug therapy for AF patients is often ineffective and may have adverse effects. Radiofrequency ablation is more effective than traditional drug therapy, but this invasive procedure carries potential risks and may lead to postoperative recurrence, limiting the clinical benefits to some extent. Therefore, in-depth research into the molecular mechanisms of AF and exploration of new treatment strategies based on research findings are prerequisites for improving the treatment of AF and the associated cardiac conditions. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) with a length exceeding 200 nt, which regulate gene expression at multiple levels. Increasing evidence suggests that lncRNAs participate in many pathological processes of AF initiation, development, and maintenance, such as structural remodeling, electrical remodeling, renin-angiotensin system anomalies, and intracellular calcium deregulation s. LncRNAs that play key roles in structural and electrical remodeling may become molecular markers and targets for AF diagnosis and treatment, respectively, while lncRNAs critical to autonomic nervous system remodeling may bring new insights into the prognosis and recurrence of AF. This review article provides a synopsis on the up-to-date research findings relevant to the roles of lncRNAs in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozal Beylerli
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiaming Ju
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, 450008, Russia
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, 450008, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russia
| | - Yunlong Bai
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
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6
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Huang P, Zhang W, Ji J, Ma J, Cheng H, Qin M, Wei D, Ren L. LncRNA Miat knockdown protects against pirarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by targeting miRNA-129-1-3p. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2751-2760. [PMID: 37471631 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Pirarubicin (THP) is a widely used antitumor drug in clinical practice, but its cardiotoxicity limits its use. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of knockdown of lncRNA Miat in THP-induced cardiotoxicity. The extent of damage to immortalized cardiomyocytes in mice was assessed by CCK8, TUNEL, ROS, Ca2+ , RT-qPCR, and Western blot. The relative levels of Miat in THP-treated cardiomyocytes (HL-1) were measured. The protective effect of Miat on THP-treated HL-1 was assessed. The binding relationship between lncRNA Miat and mmu-miRNA-129-1-3p was verified by a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The protective role of Miat/miRNA-129-1-3p in THP-induced HL-1 was explored by performing a rescue assay. THP reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis, triggered oxidative stress and calcium overload. Expression of Miat in HL-1 was significantly elevated after THP treatment. Miat knockdown significantly alleviated the cardiotoxicity of THP. MiR-129-1-3p is a direct target of Miat. Knockdown of miR-129-1-3p reversed the protective effect of Miat knockdown on HL-1. Miat knockdown can alleviate THP-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating miR-129-1-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahua Ji
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiulong Ma
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyuan Cheng
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dexian Wei
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhong Z, Li X, Gao L, Wu X, Ye Y, Zhang X, Zeng Q, Zhou C, Lu X, Wei Y, Ding Y, Chen S, Zhou G, Xu J, Liu S. Long Non-coding RNA Involved in the Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8. [PMID: 37702834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent and chronic cardiovascular disorder associated with various pathophysiological alterations, including atrial electrical and structural remodeling, disrupted calcium handling, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, aberrant energy metabolism, and immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AF. OBJECTIVE This discussion aims to elucidate the involvement of AF-related lncRNAs, with a specific focus on their role as miRNA sponges that modulate crucial signaling pathways, contributing to the progression of AF. We also address current limitations in AF-related lncRNA research and explore potential future directions in this field. Additionally, we summarize feasible strategies and promising delivery systems for targeting lncRNAs in AF therapy. CONCLUSION In conclusion, targeting AF-related lncRNAs holds substantial promise for future investigations and represents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longzhe Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changzuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Genqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Xue Z, Zhu J, Liu J, Wang L, Ding J. Research progress of non-coding RNA in atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1210762. [PMID: 37522088 PMCID: PMC10379658 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1210762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in clinic, and its incidence is increasing year by year. In today's increasingly prevalent society, ageing poses a huge challenge to global healthcare systems. AF not only affects patients' quality of life, but also causes thrombosis, heart failure and other complications in severe cases. Although there are some measures for the diagnosis and treatment of AF, specific serum markers and targeted therapy are still lacking. In recent years, ncRNAs have become a hot topic in cardiovascular disease research. These ncRNAs are not only involved in the occurrence and development of AF, but also in pathophysiological processes such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis, and are potential biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. We believe that the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of AF and the study of diagnosis and treatment targets can form a more systematic diagnosis and treatment framework of AF and provide convenience for individuals with AF and the society.
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Yu YN, Ren YY, Shao ZL, Chen BL, Cui BY, Chao CY, Guo LJ, Guo S, Zhang MX, Wang SX, Zhu ML, Yin YL, Li P. Perillaldehyde improves diabetic cardiomyopathy by upregulating miR-133a-3p to regulate GSK-3β. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 953:175836. [PMID: 37329971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is part of the most important causes of death from cardiovascular disease. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a major component of the herb perilla, has been shown to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, but it is unclear whether PAE exerts beneficial effects on DCM. Exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of PAE for the treatment of DCM through network pharmacology and molecular docking. The SD rat type 1 diabetes model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), the cardiac function indexes of each group were detected by echocardiography; the morphological changes, apoptosis, protein expression of P-GSK-3β (S9), collagen I (Col-Ⅰ), collagen III (Col-Ⅲ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and miR-133a-3p expression levels were detected. An DCM model of H9c2 cells was established in vitro and transfected with Mimic and Inhibitor of miR-133a-3p. The results showed that PAE ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, reduced fasting glucose and cardiac weight index, and improved myocardial injury and apoptosis in DCM rats. It reduced high glucose-induced apoptosis, promoted migration and improved mitochondrial division injury in H9c2 cells. PAE decreased P-GSK-3β (S9), Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ and α-SMA protein expression and upregulated miR-133a-3p expression levels. After miR-133a-3p Inhibitor treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA expression were significantly increased; after miR-133a-3p Mimic treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA decreased significantly in H9c2 cells. It suggests that the mechanism of action of PAE to improve DCM may be related to the upregulation of miR-133a-3p and inhibition of P-GSK-3β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhen-Lei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bu-Lei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bao-Yue Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | | | - Li-Juan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang, 453119, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Mo-Li Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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10
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Kingma J, Simard C, Drolet B. Overview of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:844. [PMID: 37375791 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of normal cardiac rhythm requires coordinated activity of ion channels and transporters that allow well-ordered propagation of electrical impulses across the myocardium. Disruptions in this orderly process provoke cardiac arrhythmias that may be lethal in some patients. Risk of common acquired arrhythmias is increased markedly when structural heart disease caused by myocardial infarction (due to fibrotic scar formation) or left ventricular dysfunction is present. Genetic polymorphisms influence structure or excitability of the myocardial substrate, which increases vulnerability or risk of arrhythmias in patients. Similarly, genetic polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes give rise to distinct subgroups within the population that affect specific drug biotransformation reactions. Nonetheless, identification of triggers involved in initiation or maintenance of cardiac arrhythmias remains a major challenge. Herein, we provide an overview of knowledge regarding physiopathology of inherited and acquired cardiac arrhythmias along with a summary of treatments (pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic) used to limit their effect on morbidity and potential mortality. Improved understanding of molecular and cellular aspects of arrhythmogenesis and more epidemiologic studies (for a more accurate portrait of incidence and prevalence) are crucial for development of novel treatments and for management of cardiac arrhythmias and their consequences in patients, as their incidence is increasing worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kingma
- Department of Medicine, Ferdinand Vandry Pavillon, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Chantale Simard
- Faculty of Pharmacy Ferdinand Vandry Pavillon, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Benoît Drolet
- Faculty of Pharmacy Ferdinand Vandry Pavillon, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
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11
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Ding J, Cao Y, Qi C, Zong Z. Dysregulated microRNAs participate in the crosstalk between colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2. [PMID: 36964414 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation share several common risk factors, and the incidence of the two diseases also exhibits a certain correlation. The above facts suggest a potential interaction mechanism between them, which has obtained increasing attention in the scientific community but remains to be further explored. Participating in diverse physiological and pathological processes, miRNAs exert important roles in both occurrence and growth of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. To fill the gap in the understanding of the potential linkage between two diseases, the present study collected dysregulated miRNAs of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation from previous studies and then selected the miRNAs with the same change trends in both diseases. Finally, we reviewed the potential crosstalk of two diseases focusing on the roles of 6 dysregulated miRNAs, including 3 co-downregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-126, hsa-mir-133a and hsa-mir-150) and 3 co-upregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-106a, hsa-mir-155 and hsa-mir-21). The molecular mechanisms mediated by these miRNAs in colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation were reviewed, and the possible crosstalk between the two diseases was discussed from the perspective of miRNAs. This study also provides potential common targets for preventive and curative measures against both colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuke Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chaofan Qi
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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12
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Zhan Y, Tao Q, Meng Q, Zhang R, Lin L, Li X, Zheng L, Zheng J. LncRNA-MIAT activates hepatic stellate cells via regulating Hippo pathway and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Commun Biol 2023; 6:285. [PMID: 36934152 PMCID: PMC10024685 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA-myocardial infarction-associated transcript (lncRNA-MIAT) has been reported to play an important role in the development of multiple cancers. However, the biological roles of MIAT in liver fibrosis are still unknown. In this study, the expression of MIAT is up-regulated during liver fibrosis. Silencing MIAT leads to the suppression of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation and collagen expression. Double immunofluorescence analysis additionally demonstrates that MIAT inhibition leads to the suppression of type I collagen and α-SMA in vitro. In vivo, MIAT knockdown contributes to the inhibition of fibrosis progression and collagen accumulation. MIAT is confirmed as a target of miR-3085-5p, and the co-location of MIAT and miR-3085-5p is found in HSC cytoplasm. Interestingly, there is a negative correlation between MIAT expression and miR-3085-5p level in cirrhotic patients as well as activated HSCs. In addition, the effects of MIAT inhibition on HSC inactivation are blocked down by miR-3085-5p inhibitor. YAP is a target of miR-3085-5p. Reduced YAP caused by loss of MIAT is reversed by miR-3085-5p inhibitor. Notably, YAP knockdown results in the suppression of MIAT-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In conclusion, we demonstrate that MIAT enhances the activation of HSCs, at least in part, via miR-3085-5p/YAP/EMT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qiqi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qishan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lifan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xinmiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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13
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Non-coding RNAs in human health and disease: potential function as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36625940 PMCID: PMC9838419 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00947-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Human diseases have been a critical threat from the beginning of human history. Knowing the origin, course of action and treatment of any disease state is essential. A microscopic approach to the molecular field is a more coherent and accurate way to explore the mechanism, progression, and therapy with the introduction and evolution of technology than a macroscopic approach. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play increasingly important roles in detecting, developing, and treating all abnormalities related to physiology, pathology, genetics, epigenetics, cancer, and developmental diseases. Noncoding RNAs are becoming increasingly crucial as powerful, multipurpose regulators of all biological processes. Parallel to this, a rising amount of scientific information has revealed links between abnormal noncoding RNA expression and human disorders. Numerous non-coding transcripts with unknown functions have been found in addition to advancements in RNA-sequencing methods. Non-coding linear RNAs come in a variety of forms, including circular RNAs with a continuous closed loop (circRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), and microRNAs (miRNA). This comprises specific information on their biogenesis, mode of action, physiological function, and significance concerning disease (such as cancer or cardiovascular diseases and others). This study review focuses on non-coding RNA as specific biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.
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14
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Hao H, Dai C, Han X, Li Y. A novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating atrial remodeling by targeting exosomal miRNAs in atrial fibrillation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119365. [PMID: 36167158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent cardiac arrhythmias, and atrial remodeling is related to the progression of AF. Although several therapeutic approaches have been presented in recent years, the continuously increasing mortality rate suggests that more advanced strategies for treatment are urgently needed. Exosomes regulate pathological processes through intercellular communication mediated by microribonucleic acid (miRNA) in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exosomal miRNAs associated with signaling pathways have added more complexity to an already complex direct cell-to-cell interaction. Exosome delivery of miRNAs is involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiac protection. Recent studies have found that exosomes play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis. By improving exosome stability and modifying surface epitopes, specific pharmaceutical agents can be supplied to improve tropism and targeting to cells and tissues in vivo. Exosomes harboring miRNAs may have clinical utility in cell-free therapeutic approaches and may serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for AF. Currently, limitations challenge pharmaceutic design, therapeutic utility and in vivo targeted delivery to patients. The aim of this article is to review the developmental features of AF associated with exosomal miRNAs and relate them to underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Hao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Translation, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder & Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin 150081, China; Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, China.
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High expression of long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 is an independent risk factor for recurrence after radiofrequency ablation in atrial fibrillation patients. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:839-847. [DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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16
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Epigenetic regulation in cardiovascular disease: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:200. [PMID: 35752619 PMCID: PMC9233709 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Genome-wide linkage and association analyses and candidate gene approaches illustrate the multigenic complexity of cardiovascular disease. Several epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA, which are of importance for cardiovascular disease development and regression. Targeting epigenetic key enzymes, especially the DNA methyltransferases, histone methyltransferases, histone acetylases, histone deacetylases and their regulated target genes, could represent an attractive new route for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we summarize the knowledge on epigenetic history and essential regulatory mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the preclinical studies and drugs that are targeted these epigenetic key enzymes for cardiovascular diseases therapy. Finally, we conclude the clinical trials that are going to target some of these processes.
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Downregulation of lncRNA Miat contributes to the protective effect of electroacupuncture against myocardial fibrosis. Chin Med 2022; 17:57. [PMID: 35578250 PMCID: PMC9112552 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis changes the structure of myocardium, leads to cardiac dysfunction and induces arrhythmia and cardiac ischemia, threatening patients’ lives. Electroacupuncture at PC6 (Neiguan) was previously found to inhibit myocardial fibrosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a variety of regulatory functions in myocardial fibrosis, but whether electroacupuncture can inhibit myocardial fibrosis by regulating lncRNA has rarely been reported. Methods In this study, we constructed myocardial fibrosis rat models using isoproterenol (ISO) and treated rats with electroacupuncture at PC6 point and non-point as control. Hematoxylin–eosin, Masson and Sirius Red staining were performed to assess the pathological changes and collagen deposition. The expression of fibrosis-related markers in rat myocardial tissue were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Miat, an important long non-coding RNA, was selected to study the regulation of myocardial fibrosis by electroacupuncture at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In post-transcriptional level, we explored the myocardial fibrosis regulation effect of Miat on the sponge effect of miR-133a-3p. At the transcriptional level, we studied the formation of heterodimer PPARG–RXRA complex and promotion of the TGF-β1 transcription. Results Miat was overexpressed by ISO injection in rats. We found that Miat can play a dual regulatory role in myocardial fibrosis. Miat can sponge miR-133a-3p in an Ago2-dependent manner, reduce the binding of miR-133a-3p target to the 3ʹUTR region of CTGF mRNA and improve the protein expression level of CTGF. In addition, it can also directly bind with PPARG protein, inhibit the formation of heterodimer PPARG–RXRA complex and then promote the transcription of TGF-β1. Electroacupuncture at PC6 point, but not at non-points, can reduce the expression of Miat, thus inhibiting the expression of CTGF and TGF-β1 and inhibiting myocardial fibrosis. Conclusion We revealed that electroacupuncture at PC6 point can inhibit the process of myocardial fibrosis by reducing the expression of lncRNA Miat, which is a potential therapeutic method for myocardial fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00615-6.
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Leveraging Extracellular Non-coding RNAs to Diagnose and Treat Heart Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:456-468. [PMID: 35419773 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, emerge to be crucial mediators of cell-to-cell communication in multiple organs. Non-coding RNAs loaded inside EVs contribute as one major mechanism for remote information transfer among different cell types or organs. Increasing evidence suggests that EV-associated non-coding RNAs derived from cardiovascular or non-cardiac cells regulate cardiovascular pathophysiology in heart development and diseases. The functional relevance of the EV-associated ncRNAs in heart diseases provides an avenue to develop novel diagnostic tools and therapies for heart diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent advancement of EV-associated ncRNAs in different cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure, with an emphasis on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Rajabi S, Najafipour H, Sheikholeslami M, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Beik A, Askaripour M, Karam ZM. Perillyl alcohol and quercetin modulate the expression of non-coding RNAs MIAT, H19, miR-29a, and miR-33a in pulmonary artery hypertension in rats. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:27-33. [PMID: 35155877 PMCID: PMC8818487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), play critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). LncRNA H19, myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT), miR-29a, and miR-33a have been suggested as potential targets for treating arterial hypertension. We explored the expression pattern of non-coding RNAs H19, MIAT, miR-29a, and miR-33a in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. Moreover, we investigated whether perillyl alcohol (PA) and quercetin (QS), two plant derivatives with beneficial effects on PAH-induced abnormalities, act through regulating the expression of these non-coding RNAs. Methods Male Wistar rats (n = 30) were divided into five groups. MCT (60 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously to induce PAH. PA (50 mg/kg daily) and QS (30 mg/kg daily) were administered three weeks after induction of PAH. H&E staining and qRT-PCR were performed to assess arteriole wall thickness and gene expression, respectively. Results Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) increased in MCT and MCT + Veh. groups compared to the control group (in both P < 0.001). QS and PA decreased RVSP and RVH significantly. Wall thickness and fibrosis score in the MCT group (score 3) increased compared to the control group (score 0). PA and QS ameliorated wall thickness and fibrosis to score 1 (mild). Also, the expression of miR-29a and miR-33a decreased in the PAH group (in both, P < 0.001). Treatment with PA and QS decreased the expression of H19 (P < 0.001) and MIAT (P < 0.01) and increased the expression of miR-29a (P < 0.01) and miR-33a significantly (P < 0.05 for QS and P < 0.001 for PA). Conclusions The beneficial effects of PA and QS on PAH-induced abnormalities were exerted through returning the dysregulated expression of H19, MIAT, miR-29a, and miR-33a to normal levels in rats with MTC-induced PAH. This study emphasized the therapeutic potential of PA and QS in PAH. However, more detailed investigations are needed to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Najafipour
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Sheikholeslami
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeideh Jafarinejad-Farsangi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Corresponding author. Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Jehad Blvd, Ebn Sina Avenue, Kerman, 76198-13159, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Beik
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Askaripour
- Department of Physiology, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Zahra Miri Karam
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Wang W, Tian B, Ning Z, Li X. Research Progress of LncRNAs in Atrial Fibrillation. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:758-772. [PMID: 35107751 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in adults, with high morbidity and increased mortality risk. In recent years, the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and mechanistic research of AF have increased exponentially, and regulation based on the potential molecular mechanism of AF is a research hotspot. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), usually refer to noncoding RNA transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length, have been shown to play a role in cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and myocardial fibrosis through various regulatory methods. An increasing number of researchers have begun to pay attention to the identification and function of LncRNAs in AF. This article reviews changes in the expression of related LncRNAs detected in AF and describes the LncRNAs that play a regulatory role in AF-related processes, to explore the potential of LncRNAs as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Bei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 of Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Zhongping Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 of Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xinming Li
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China.
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21
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LncRNA XR_596701 protects H9c2 cells against intermittent hypoxia-induced injury through regulation of the miR-344b-5p/FAIM3 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:42. [PMID: 35091561 PMCID: PMC8799738 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in various biological processes and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, a novel lncRNA XR_596701 was found to be differentially expressed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-induced myocardial tissue compared to normal myocardial tissues. However, the pathological effect and regulatory mechanism of XR_596701 in intermittent hypoxia (IH)-mediated cardiomyocytes damage have not been studied. The subcellular localization of XR_596701 was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Gene expressions of XR_596701 and miR-344b-5p were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in IH-induced H9c2 cells. Cell proliferation was measured by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33342/PI staining and immunofluorescence (IF). Apoptotic protein of H9c2 cells was measured by western blot. The direct interaction between XR_596701 and miR-344b-5p as well as miR-344b-5p and Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 3 (FAIM3) were examined using dual-luciferase reporter assay. The significance of XR_596701 and miR-344b-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis was evaluated by using gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches. XR_596701 was upregulated, while miR-344b-5p downregulated in IH-induced H9c2 cells. Functionally, suppression of XR_596701 and overexpression of miR-344b-5p inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in H9c2 cells. The roles of XR_596701 were achieved by sponging miR-344b-5p. And the function of miR-344b-5p was reversed by targeting FAIM3. Additionally, FAIM3 mediated IH-induced H9c2 cells damage by XR_596701. XR_596701 was serve as a novel lncRNA that indicated protective roles on proliferation and apoptosis of IH-induced H9c2 cells through the miR-344b-5p/FAIM3 axis.
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22
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Yang C, Zhang Y, Yang B. MIAT, a potent CVD-promoting lncRNA. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:43. [PMID: 34921634 PMCID: PMC11072732 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The initial identification of long non-coding RNA myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) as a genetic risk factor of myocardial infarction has made this lncRNA (designated as lncR-MIAT here) a focus of intensive studies worldwide. Emerging evidence supports that lncR-MIAT is susceptible in its expression to multiple deleterious factors like angiotensin II, isoproterenol, hypoxia, and infection and is anomaly overexpressed in serum, plasma, blood cells and myocardial tissues under a variety of cardiovascular conditions including myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, sepsis cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and microvascular dysfunction. Experimental results consistently demonstrated that upregulation of lncR-MIAT plays active roles in the pathological processes of the cardiovascular system and knockdown of this lncRNA effectively ameliorates the adverse conditions. The available data revealed that lncR-MIAT acts through multiple mechanisms such as competitive endogenous RNA, natural antisense RNA and RNA/protein interactions. Moreover, the functional domains of lncR-MIAT accounting for certain specific cellular functions of the full-length transcript have been identified and characterized. These insights will not only tremendously advance our understanding of lncRNA biology and pathophysiology, but also offer good opportunities for more innovative and precise design of agents that have the potential to be developed into new drugs for better therapy of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the future. Herein, we provide an overview of lncR-MIAT, focusing on its roles in cardiovascular diseases, underline the unique cellular/molecular mechanisms for its actions, and speculate the perspectives about the translational studies on the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of lncR-MIAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Chen C, Chen Q, Cheng K, Zou T, Pang Y, Ling Y, Xu Y, Zhu W. Exosomes and Exosomal Non-coding RNAs Are Novel Promises for the Mechanism-Based Diagnosis and Treatments of Atrial Fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:782451. [PMID: 34926627 PMCID: PMC8671698 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.782451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and has a significant impact on human health and substantial costs. Currently, there is a lack of accurate biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of AF. Moreover, the long-term efficacy of the catheter ablation in the AF is unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new biomarkers and treatment strategies for the mechanism-based AF. Exosomes are nano-sized biovesicles released by nearly all types of cells. Since the AF would be linked to the changes of the atrial cells and their microenvironment, and the AF would strictly influence the exosomal non-coding RNAs (exo-ncRNAs) expression, which makes them as attractive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the AF. Simultaneously, the exo-ncRNAs have been found to play an important role in the mechanisms of the AF and have potential therapeutic prospects. Although the role of the exo-ncRNAs in the AF is being actively investigated, the evidence is still limited. Furthermore, there is a lack of consensus regarding the most appropriate approach for exosome isolation and characterization. In this article, we reviewed the new methodologies available for exosomes biogenesis, isolation, and characterization, and then discussed the mechanism of the AF and various levels and types of exosomes relevant to the AF, with the special emphasis on the exo-ncRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the mechanism-based AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Zhang L, Wang X, Huang C. A narrative review of non-coding RNAs in atrial fibrillation: potential therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1486. [PMID: 34734038 PMCID: PMC8506732 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review summarizes the advances in the study of ncRNAs and atrial remodeling mechanisms to explore potential therapeutic targets and strategies for AF. Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias, and its morbidity and mortality rates are gradually increasing. Non-coding ribonucleic acid RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed from the genome and do not have the ability to be translated into proteins. A growing body of evidence has shown ncRNAs are extensively involved in the pathophysiological processes underlying AF. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of these associations have not been fully elucidated. Atrial remodeling plays a key role in the occurrence and development of AF, and includes electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, and autonomic nerve remodeling. Research has shown that ncRNA expression is altered in the plasma and tissues of AF patients that mediate cardiac excitation and arrhythmia, and is closely related to atrial remodeling. Methods Literatures about ncRNAs and atrial fibrillation were extensively reviewed to discuss and analyze. Conclusions The biology of ncRNAs represents a relatively new field of research and is still in an emerging stage. Recent studies have laid a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of AF, future studies aimed at identifying how ncRNAs act on atrial fibrillation to provide potentially promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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25
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Yang P, Cao Y, Jian H, Chen H. Identification of Hub mRNAs and lncRNAs in Atrial Fibrillation Using Weighted Co-expression Network Analysis With RNA-Seq Data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722671. [PMID: 34671599 PMCID: PMC8520999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF)/paroxysmal AF (PAF) is the main cause of cardiogenic embolism. In recent years, the progression from paroxysmal AF to persistent AF has attracted more and more attention. However, the molecular mechanism of the progression of AF is unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing for normal samples, paroxysmal AF and persistent AF samples to identify differentially expressed gene (DEG) and explore the roles of these DEGs in AF. Totally, 272 differently expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 286 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were identified in paroxysmal AF compared to normal samples; 324 DEmRNAs and 258 DElncRNAs were found in persistent atrial fibrillation compared with normal samples; and 520 DEmRNAs and 414 DElncRNAs were identified in persistent AF compared to paroxysmal AF samples. Interestingly, among the DEGs, approximately 50% were coding genes and around 50% were non-coding RNAs, suggesting that lncRNAs may also have a crucial role in the progression of AF. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that these DEGs were significantly related to regulating multiple AF associated pathways, such as the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production and binding to the CXCR chemokine receptor. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify key modules and hub RNAs and lncRNAs to determine their potential associations with AF. Five hub modules were identified in the progression of AF, including blue, brown, gray, turquoise and yellow modules. Interestingly, blue module and turquoise module were significantly negatively and positively correlated to the progression of AF respectively, indicating that they may have a more important role in the AF. Moreover, the hub protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network were constructed. Bioinformatics analysis on the hub PPI network in turquoise was involved in regulating immune response related signaling, such as leukocyte chemotaxis, macrophage activation, and positive regulation of α-β T cell activation. Our findings could clarify the underlying molecular changes associated fibrillation, and provide a useful resource for identifying AF marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujing Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Huagang Jian
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
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26
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Zhu J, Zhu N, Xu J. miR‑101a‑3p overexpression prevents acetylcholine‑CaCl 2‑induced atrial fibrillation in rats via reduction of atrial tissue fibrosis, involving inhibition of EZH2. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:740. [PMID: 34435649 PMCID: PMC8404104 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), a clinically common heart arrhythmia, can result in left ventricular hypofunction, embolism and infarction. MicroRNA (miR)‑101a‑3p is lowly expressed in atrial tissues of patients with AF, but its role in AF remains unknown. In the present study, an AF model in rats was established via intravenous injection of acetylcholine (Ach)‑CaCl2. The downregulation of miR‑101a‑3p and upregulation of enhancer of zeste 2 homolog 2 (EZH2) were observed in AF model rats, indicating the involvement of miR‑101a‑3p and EZH2 in AF development. To study the effect of miR‑101a‑3p on AF in vivo, AF model rats were intramyocardially injected with lentivirus expressing miR‑101a‑3p. Electrocardiogram analysis identified that miR‑101a‑3p overexpression restored disappeared P wave and R‑R interphase changes in Ach‑CaCl2‑induced rats. Overexpression of miR‑101a‑3p also increased the atrial effective refractory period, reduced AF incidence and shortened duration of AF. Histological changes in atrial tissues were observed after H&E and Masson staining, which demonstrated that miR‑101a‑3p reduced atrial remodeling and fibrosis in AF model rats. Moreover, EZH2 expression was downregulated in atrial tissues by miR‑101a‑3p induction. Immunohistochemistry for collagen Ⅰ and collagen III revealed a reduction in atrial collagen synthesis following miR‑101a‑3p overexpression in AF model rats. Additionally, miR‑101a‑3p lowered the expression of pro‑fibrotic biomarkers, including TGF‑β1, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin and α‑smooth muscle actin. The luciferase reporter assay results also indicated that EZH2 was a target gene of miR‑101a‑3p. Taken together, it was found that miR‑101a‑3p prevented AF in rats possibly via inhibition of collagen synthesis and atrial fibrosis by targeting EZH2, which provided a potential target for preventing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
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27
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Chen Y, Chen X, Li H, Li Y, Cheng D, Tang Y, Sang H. Serum extracellular vesicles containing MIAT induces atrial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress to promote atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation via blockade of miR-485-5p-mediated CXCL10 inhibition. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e482. [PMID: 34459123 PMCID: PMC8329545 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF), a supraventricular arrhythmia that impairs cardiac function, is a main source of morbidity and mortality. Serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified to carry potential biomarker or target for the diagnosis and treatment of AF. We intended to dissect out the role of lncRNA MIAT enriched in serum-derived EVs in AF. METHODS MIAT expression was quantified in EVs isolated from serum samples of AF patients. Mouse and cell models of AF were developed after angiotensin II (Ang II) induction. Relationship between MIAT, miR-485-5p, and CXCL10 was identified. Ectopic expression and depletion assays were implemented in Ang II-treated mice or HL-1 cells, or those co-cultured with serum-derived EVs to explore the roles of EV-carried MIAT. RESULTS MIAT was upregulated in EVs from serum samples of AF patients. Further analysis indicated that MIAT enriched in serum-derived EVs promoted atrial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, and aggravated the atrial remodeling and resultant AF. Mechanistically, MIAT bound to miR-485-5p and weakened its inhibitory role on the target CXCL10, which was responsible for the role of serum-derived EV containing MIAT in cellular fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation, and atrial remodeling in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, serum-derived EV containing MIAT facilitates atrial remodeling and exacerbates the AF by abolishing the miR-485-5p-mediated CXCL10 inhibition. This finding aids in the deeper understanding about the pathophysiology of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
| | - Haiqiang Sang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP.R. China
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28
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Yan F, Chen Y, Ye X, Zhang F, Wang S, Zhang L, Luo X. miR-3113-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-133a-3p, and miR-499a-5p are sensitive biomarkers to diagnose sudden cardiac death. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:67. [PMID: 34332589 PMCID: PMC8325858 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a great health threat and diagnostic challenge, especially those cases without positive autopsy findings. Molecular biomarkers have been urgently needed for the diagnosis of SCD displaying negative autopsy results. Due to their nature of stability, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. Methods This study investigated whether specific cardio-miRNAs (miR-3113-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-133a-3p) could serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of SCD. Thirty-four SCD cases were selected, 18 categorized as SCD with negative autopsy (SCD-negative autopsy) findings and 16 as SCD with positive autopsy (SCD-positive autopsy) findings such as coronary atherosclerosis and gross myocardial scar. Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication (n = 14) and fatal injury death (n = 14) that displayed no pathological changes of myocardium were selected as control group, respectively. Histological analyses were performed to reveal the pathological changes and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression of those miRNAs. Results It showed that heart samples from the SCD-negative autopsy group displayed no remarkable difference with regard to the expression of cleaved-caspase3, CD31, and CD68 and the extent of fibrotic tissue accumulation when compared with control samples. The four cardio-miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in the SCD samples as compared with control. When discriminating SCD from controls, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the areas under the curve (AUC) of these 4 miRNAs were from 0.7839 to 0.9043 with sensitivity of 64.71–97.06% and specificity of 70–100%. Moreover, when discriminating the specific causes of SCD, the four miRNA expressions increased in the heart from the SCD-negative autopsy group as relative to that from the SCD-positive autopsy group, and a combination of two miRNAs presented higher diagnostic value (AUC = 0.7407–0.8667). Conclusion miR-3113-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-133a-3p may serve as independent diagnostic biomarkers for SCD, and a combination of two of these miRNAs could further discriminate detailed causes of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Yan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Ye
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Zhang
- Criminal Technology Center of Guangdong Province Public Security Bureau, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510050, PR China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zhang
- Forensic Science Center of Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China.
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29
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Huang S, Deng Y, Xu J, Liu J, Liu L, Fan C. The Role of Exosomes and Their Cargos in the Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:712828. [PMID: 34395566 PMCID: PMC8355361 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.712828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common persistent arrhythmia, but the mechanism of AF has not been fully elucidated, and existing approaches to diagnosis and treatment face limitations. Recently, exosomes have attracted considerable interest in AF research due to their high stability, specificity and cell-targeting ability. The aim of this review is to summarize recent literature, analyze the advantages and limitations of exosomes, and to provide new ideas for their use in understanding the mechanism and improving the diagnosis and treatment of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Deng
- Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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30
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Su H, Su H, Liu CH, Hu HJ, Zhao JB, Zou T, Tang YX. H 2S inhibits atrial fibrillation-induced atrial fibrosis through miR-133a/CTGF axis. Cytokine 2021; 146:155557. [PMID: 34303273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common clinical arrhythmia and can cause a variety of complications. To study the therapeutic effect of H2S in atrial fibrosis and explore the important role of miR-133a, in vitro experiments in human atrial fibroblasts (HAFs) were conducted. METHODS The fibrosis in HAFs was induced by Ang II. The expression levels of miR-133a and CTGF in HAFs were examined by qRT-PCR. The proliferation and migration of HAFs were detected by CCK-8 and cell scratch assays. The protein expressions of CTGF, collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA were detected by western blotting. The dual-luciferase reporter gene was used to detect the interaction between miR-133a and CTGF. RESULTS The proliferation and migration of HAFs stimulated by Ang II were enhanced, the expression of miR-133a was reduced, and the levels of CTGF and fibrosis markers (collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA) were increased. Furthermore, H2S reduced fibrosis, proliferation and migration of HAFs induced by Ang II. Accordingly, overexpression of miR-133a inhibited the proliferation and migration ability on Ang II-induced HAFs, and decreased the protein expressions of related fibrosis markers and CTGF. Meanwhile, miR-133a inhibitor could reverse the inhibition effect of H2S on proliferation and migration in HAFs by Ang II-induced. By targeting CTGF, miR-133a inhibited the expression of CTGF. CONCLUSION H2S improved myocardial cell fibrosis by significantly increasing the expression of miR-133a, and CTGF might be a potential target for miR-133a to play an important role in myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hao Su
- Cardiac Medical Center, Beijing Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Chang-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Heng-Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jun-Bi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Tao Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yi-Xin Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China.
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31
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Moukette B, Barupala NP, Aonuma T, Sepulveda M, Kawaguchi S, Kim IM. Interactions between noncoding RNAs as epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases. Methods Cell Biol 2021; 166:309-348. [PMID: 34752338 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the foremost cause of mortality in the United States and worldwide. It is estimated that CVDs account for approximately 17.8 million deaths each year. Despite the advances made in understanding cellular mechanisms and gene mutations governing the pathophysiology of CVDs, they remain a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. A major segment of mammalian genomes encodes for genes that are not further translated into proteins. The roles of the majority of such noncoding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been puzzling for a long time. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are dynamically expressed in different cell types and have a comprehensive selection of regulatory roles at almost every step involved in DNAs, RNAs and proteins. Indeed, ncRNAs regulate gene expression through epigenetic interactions, through direct binding to target sequences, or by acting as competing endogenous RNAs. The profusion of ncRNAs in the cardiovascular system suggests that they may modulate complex regulatory networks that govern cardiac physiology and pathology. In this review, we summarize various functions of ncRNAs and highlight the recent literature on interactions between ncRNAs with an emphasis on cardiovascular disease regulation. Furthermore, as the broad-spectrum of ncRNAs potentially establishes new avenues for therapeutic development targeting CVDs, we discuss the innovative prospects of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Moukette
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Nipuni P Barupala
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Tatsuya Aonuma
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Marisa Sepulveda
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Satoshi Kawaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Il-Man Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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32
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Rey F, Urrata V, Gilardini L, Bertoli S, Calcaterra V, Zuccotti GV, Cancello R, Carelli S. Role of long non-coding RNAs in adipogenesis: State of the art and implications in obesity and obesity-associated diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13203. [PMID: 33443301 PMCID: PMC8244036 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an evolutionary, chronic, and relapsing disease that consists of a pathological accumulation of adipose tissue able to increase morbidity for high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea in adults, children, and adolescents. Despite intense research over the last 20 years, obesity remains today a disease with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as interesting new regulators as different lncRNAs have been found to play a role in early and late phases of adipogenesis and to be implicated in obesity-associated complications onset. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances on the role of lncRNAs in adipocyte biology and in obesity-associated complications. Indeed, more and more researchers are focusing on investigating the underlying roles that these molecular modulators could play. Even if a significant number of evidence is correlation-based, with lncRNAs being differentially expressed in a specific disease, recent works are now focused on deeply analyzing how lncRNAs can effectively modulate the disease pathogenesis onset and progression. LncRNAs possibly represent new molecular markers useful in the future for both the early diagnosis and a prompt clinical management of patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rey
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Urrata
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Gilardini
- Obesity Unit-Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Obesity Unit-Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital "V. Buzzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital "V. Buzzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cancello
- Obesity Unit-Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Liu Y, Liu N, Bai F, Liu Q. Identifying ceRNA Networks Associated With the Susceptibility and Persistence of Atrial Fibrillation Through Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:653474. [PMID: 34249084 PMCID: PMC8261127 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.653474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. We aimed to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks associated with the susceptibility and persistence of AF by applying the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and prioritize key genes using the random walk with restart on multiplex networks (RWR-M) algorithm. Methods: RNA sequencing results from 235 left atrial appendage samples were downloaded from the GEO database. The top 5,000 lncRNAs/mRNAs with the highest variance were used to construct a gene co-expression network using the WGCNA method. AF susceptibility- or persistence-associated modules were identified by correlating the module eigengene with the atrial rhythm phenotype. Using a module-specific manner, ceRNA pairs of lncRNA–mRNA were predicted. The RWR-M algorithm was applied to calculate the proximity between lncRNAs and known AF protein-coding genes. Random forest classifiers, based on the expression value of key lncRNA-associated ceRNA pairs, were constructed and validated against an independent data set. Results: From the 21 identified modules, magenta and tan modules were associated with AF susceptibility, whereas turquoise and yellow modules were associated with AF persistence. ceRNA networks in magenta and tan modules were primarily involved in the inflammatory process, whereas ceRNA networks in turquoise and yellow modules were primarily associated with electrical remodeling. A total of 106 previously identified AF-associated protein-coding genes were found in the ceRNA networks, including 16 that were previously implicated in the genome-wide association study. Myocardial infarction–associated transcript (MIAT) and LINC00964 were prioritized as key lncRNAs through RWR-M. The classifiers based on their associated ceRNA pairs were able to distinguish AF from sinus rhythm with respective AUC values of 0.810 and 0.940 in the training set and 0.870 and 0.922 in the independent test set. The AF-related single-nucleotide polymorphism rs35006907 was found in the intronic region of LINC00964 and negatively regulated the LINC00964 expression. Conclusion: Our study constructed AF susceptibility- and persistence-associated ceRNA networks, linked genetics with epigenetics, identified MIAT and LINC00964 as key lncRNAs, and constructed random forest classifiers based on their associated ceRNA pairs. These results will help us to better understand the mechanisms underlying AF from the ceRNA perspective and provide candidate therapeutic and diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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34
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Gu YY, Dou JY, Huang XR, Liu XS, Lan HY. Transforming Growth Factor-β and Long Non-coding RNA in Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684236. [PMID: 34054586 PMCID: PMC8155637 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is one of the most characterized pathological features in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Progressive fibrosis eventually leads to renal failure, leaving dialysis or allograft transplantation the only clinical option for CKD patients. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the key mediator in renal fibrosis and is an essential regulator for renal inflammation. Therefore, the general blockade of the pro-fibrotic TGF-β may reduce fibrosis but may risk promoting renal inflammation and other side effects due to the diverse role of TGF-β in kidney diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts with more than 200 nucleotides and have been regarded as promising therapeutic targets for many diseases. This review focuses on the importance of TGF-β and lncRNAs in renal inflammation, fibrogenesis, and the potential applications of TGF-β and lncRNAs as the therapeutic targets and biomarkers in renal fibrosis and CKD are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Yun Dou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Weihai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Hirman AR, Du L, Cheng S, Zheng H, Duo L, Zhai Q, Xu J. MiR-133a-3p inhibits scar formation in scalded mice and suppresses the proliferation and migration of scar derived-fibroblasts by targeting connective tissue growth factor. Exp Anim 2021; 70:322-332. [PMID: 33658464 PMCID: PMC8390314 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive scar formation post burn injury can cause great pain to the patients. MiR-133a-3p has been demonstrated to be anti-fibrotic in some fibrosis-related
diseases. However, its possible role in scar formation has not been elucidated yet. In present study, the effect of miR-133a-3p on scar formation was
investigated in a scalded model of mice. Moreover, the function of miR-133a-3p on proliferation and migration of scar-derived fibroblasts (SFs) was studied
in vitro. It was found that miR-133a-3p was dramatically downregulated in scar tissue of scalded mice. Upregulation of miR-133a-3p by
miR-133a-3p agomir obviously inhibited the scar formation in scalded mice. Histological staining showed that upregulation of miR-133a-3p attenuated the
excessive deposition of collagen in scar tissue of scalded mice. In vitro study showed that upregulation of miR-133a-3p effectively suppressed
the proliferation and migration of SFs. Besides, upregulation of miR-133a-3p attenuated the protein levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I,
indicating that miR-133a-3p could suppress the activation of SFs. The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a critical mediator in cell
proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, was also downregulated by the upregulation of miR-133a-3p. Luciferase reporter assay
validated that CTGF was directly targeted by miR-133a-3p. In addition, overexpression of CTGF abolished the effect of miR-133a-3p on inhibiting the
proliferation, migration and activation of SFs, indicating that miR-133a-3p functioned by targeting CTGF. Therefore, miR-133a-3p might be a promising target for
treating pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Razaq Hirman
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, P.R. China
| | - Shaohang Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No. 7, Nanqi West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110024, P.R. China
| | - Linna Duo
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qianyu Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
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Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Tarighati Rasekhi R, Gill D, Alzubi J, Mainigi SK. How transforming growth factor contributes to atrial fibrillation? Life Sci 2020; 266:118823. [PMID: 33309721 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically significant arrhythmia. There are four fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of AF including: electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, autonomic nervous system changes, and Ca2+ handling abnormalities. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily are cytokines that have the ability to regulate numerous cell functions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and production of extracellular matrix. During the last decade numerous studies have demonstrated that TGF-β affects the architecture of the heart. TGF-β1 has been shown to be involved in the development and propagation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Investigators have studied TGF-β signaling in AF with the aim of discovering potential therapeutic agents. In this review we discuss the role of TGF-β in atrial fibrillation and specifically its role in atrial structural and electrical remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roozbeh Tarighati Rasekhi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Deanna Gill
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jafar Alzubi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA
| | - Sumeet K Mainigi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Wang H, Song T, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Wang X, Fu X. Long non-coding RNA LICPAR regulates atrial fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad pathway in atrial fibrillation. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101440. [PMID: 32971457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA predicting cardiac remodeling (lnc LIPCAR) was implicated in several human diseases, while its role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remained poorly understood. Our study aimed to discover the role of LICPAR played in AF. Samples of atrial muscle tissues from patients diagnosed with sinus rhythm (SR) and atrial fibrillation (AF) were collected, and human atrial fibroblasts were isolated and identified under immunofluorescence staining. After Angiotensin II (Ang II, as a activator of TGF-β) stimulation with LICPAR overexpression or knockdown, the viability and proliferation of atrial fibroblasts were respectively determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and clone formation assay. Relative expressions of LICPAR, fibrosis- and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad2/3-pathway related proteins were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot as needed. LICPAR and TGF-β1 were upregulated and were positively correlated in atrial muscle tissues from AF. Atrial fibroblasts were identified as Vimentin positive. Further analysis indicated that Ang II enhanced the levels of LIPCAR, Smad2/3 phosphorylation and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Also, upregulating LIPCAR further promoted the promotive effects of Ang II on levels of LIPCAR, Collagen I, Collagen II, α-SMA and Smad2/3 phosphorylation, cell viability and proliferation of atrial fibroblasts, whereas silencing LIPCAR resulted in opposite effects. LICPAR regulates atrial fibrosis via modulating TGF-β/Smad pathway, which provided a potential therapeutic method for AF in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xianghua Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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Genetics and Epigenetics of Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165717. [PMID: 32784971 PMCID: PMC7460853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to be the most common supraventricular arrhythmia affecting up to 1% of the general population. Its prevalence exponentially increases with age and could reach up to 8% in the elderly population. The management of AF is a complex issue that is addressed by extensive ongoing basic and clinical research. AF centers around different types of disturbances, including ion channel dysfunction, Ca2+-handling abnormalities, and structural remodeling. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered over 100 genetic loci associated with AF. Most of these loci point to ion channels, distinct cardiac-enriched transcription factors, as well as to other regulatory genes. Recently, the discovery of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, involving non-coding RNAs (especially microRNAs), DNA methylation, and histone modification, has allowed to decipher how a normal heart develops and which modifications are involved in reshaping the processes leading to arrhythmias. This review aims to provide a current state of the field regarding the identification and functional characterization of AF-related epigenetic regulatory networks
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39
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Bektik E, Cowan DB, Wang DZ. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Atrial Fibrillation: Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes as a Model System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155424. [PMID: 32751460 PMCID: PMC7432754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a type of sustained arrhythmia in humans often characterized by devastating alterations to the cardiac conduction system as well as the structure of the atria. AF can lead to decreased cardiac function, heart failure, and other complications. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in the cardiovascular system, including AF; however, a large group of lncRNAs is not conserved between mouse and human. Furthermore, AF has complex networks showing variations in mechanisms in different species, making it challenging to utilize conventional animal models to investigate the functional roles and potential therapeutic benefits of lncRNAs for AF. Fortunately, pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) offer a reliable platform to study lncRNA functions in AF because of certain electrophysiological and molecular similarities with native human CMs. In this review, we first summarize the broad aspects of lncRNAs in various heart disease settings, then focus on their potential roles in AF development and pathophysiology. We also discuss current uses of PSCs in AF research and describe how these studies could be developed into novel therapeutics for AF and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Bektik
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.B.); (D.B.C.)
| | - Douglas B. Cowan
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.B.); (D.B.C.)
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.B.); (D.B.C.)
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Correspondence:
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