The effect of vitamin E and selenium combination in repairing fluoride-induced DNA damage to NRK-52E cells

Genotoxicity of nedaplatin in cultured lymphocytes: modulation by vitamin E

Nedaplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used widely in cancer therapy. Nedaplatin has been shown to cause DNA damage to cells via the induction of oxidative stress. Vitamin E (Vit E) has an anti-mutagenic activity that can protect cells from DNA damaging agents. The objective of this study is to examine the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of nedaplatin in human cultured lymphocytes. In addition, modulation of such effects by Vit E was also examined. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) were used as an indicator for genotoxicity. The mitotic and proliferative indices were used to examine the cytotoxic effects of nedaplatin. The results showed that nedaplatin significantly elevated SCE and CA frequencies in human lymphocytes (p ˂ 0.01). The increases in the frequencies of SCE and CA caused by nedaplatin were lowered by pretreatment treatment with Vit E (p < 0.05). Nedaplatin significantly lowered mitotic index but Vit E pretreatment did not modulate this effect. These results suggest that Vit E has the potential to ameliorate the genotoxicity of nedaplatin in cultured lymphocytes.

Redox and biometal status in Wistar rats after subacute exposure to fluoride and selenium counter-effects

This study aimed to investigate the effect of 150 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) on redox status parameters and essential metals [copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)] in the blood, liver, kidney, brain, and spleen of Wistar rats and to determine the protective potential of selenium (Se) against fluoride (F^-) toxicity. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in groups of five (n=5) receiving tap water (control) or water with NaF 150 mg/L, NaF 150 mg/L + Se 1.5 mg/L, and Se 1.5 mg/L solutions ad libitum for 28 days. Fluorides caused an imbalance in the redox and biometal (Cu, Fe, and Zn) status, leading to high superoxide anion (O^{2 .-}) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the blood and brain and a drop in superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity in the liver and its increase in the brain and kidneys. Se given with NaF improved MDA, SOD1, and O^{2 .-} in the blood, brain, and kidneys, while alone it decreased SH group levels in the liver and kidney. Biometals both reduced and increased F- toxicity. Further research is needed before Se should be considered as a promising strategy for mitigating F^- toxicity.