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Lecerf P, Dangoisse C, Van Ooteghem A, Vujovic A, Vollono L, Richert B. Asymptomatic Scalp Carriage among Household Contacts of Children Affected by Tinea Capitis: A Prospective Study in the Metropolitan Area of Brussels, Belgium. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 8:200-205. [PMID: 35707285 PMCID: PMC9149463 DOI: 10.1159/000520107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Tinea capitis (TC) is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp. The existence of asymptomatic carriers (ACs) could represent a potential reservoir responsible of (re)contamination and failure of treatment. No prospective studies on ACs in household contacts of TC patients in Europe have been published to date. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ACs in a cohort of household contacts of children who were diagnosed with TC in the metropolitan area of Bruxelles, Belgium. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2015 to April 2016 at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre, Queen Fabiola Children Hospital. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety-nine cases of TC from 95 different family circles were included. The main infectious agent identified was <i>Microsporum audouinii</i> in 53 cases. The mean age of TC patients was 5.8 years. Male/female ratio was 2.8. Eighty-one household contacts of TC patients were enrolled in the study. Two cases of ACs (5%) were identified. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> <i>M. audouinii</i> was the most common pathogen identified. The prevalence of ACs we report is on average higher compared to other European large cities. Larger prospective studies including all close contacts of affected patients are required in order to establish guidelines regarding identification and management of ACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Lecerf
- Dermatology Department, University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre and Queen Fabiola Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- *Pauline Lecerf,
| | - Chantal Dangoisse
- Dermatology Department, University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre and Queen Fabiola Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aude Van Ooteghem
- Dermatology Department, University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre and Queen Fabiola Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anja Vujovic
- Dermatology Department, University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre and Queen Fabiola Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Vollono
- Dermatology Unity, Department of “Medicina Dei Sistemi”, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Bertrand Richert
- Dermatology Department, University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre and Queen Fabiola Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Allahdadi M, Hajihossein R, Kord M, Rahmati E, Amanloo S, Didehdar M. Molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility profile of dermatophytes isolated from scalp dermatophyte carriage in primary school children in Arak city, Center of Iran. J Mycol Med 2019; 29:19-23. [PMID: 30660447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asymptomatic carriage is a condition of positive dermatophyte scalp culture without signs and symptoms of tinea capitis. Carriers are the source of dermatophytes that are able to transfer fungal agents to other people. The aim of this study was evaluating asymptomatic dermatophyte scalp carriage among students of primary schools in Arak city. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling by a sterilized hairbrush from scalp was performed among 3174 students. Hairbrush was inoculated onto Mycosel agar plates. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by PCR-RFLP using MvaI enzyme. In vitro antifungal susceptibility test was done according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 protocol. The antifungal drugs used included griseofulvin (GRZ), terbinafine (TER), itraconazole (ITC) and fluconazole (FLU). RESULTS A total of 3174 schoolchildren were screened, 15 cases (0.48%) had a positive culture for dermatophytes. Asymptomatic carriers including 11 (73.3%) boys and 4 (26.7%) girls and their age range were between 7-12 years. Trichophyton tonsurans (80%), T. interdigitale (13.3%) and T. rubrum (6.7%) were the most common isolated dermatophyte. Based on the obtained antifungal susceptibility results, terbinafine had the lowest and fluconazole had the highest MIC values for all of the tested dermatophyte isolates. CONCLUSION In the study, T. tonsurans was the most common species isolated from asymptomatic carriers and of the four antifungals tested, terbinafine had the most active antifungal in vitro against all isolates. Identifying and treating scalp dermatophyte carriers can prevent the spread of tinea capitis in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Allahdadi
- Department of microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
| | - R Hajihossein
- Department of medical parasitology and mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - M Kord
- Department of medical parasitology and mycology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Rahmati
- Department of medical laboratory sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - S Amanloo
- Department of medical parasitology and mycology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M Didehdar
- Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC), Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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Lin CY, Lo HJ, Tu MG, Ju YM, Fan YC, Lin CC, Chiang YT, Yang YL, Chen KT, Sun PL. The survey of tinea capitis and scalp dermatophyte carriage in nursing home residents. Med Mycol 2018; 56:180-185. [PMID: 28525623 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinea capitis is a contagious dermatophyte infection of scalp and associated hairs. On the other hand, asymptomatic carriage is a status of positive dermatophyte scalp culture, but without signs or symptoms of tinea capitis, and no evidence of hair shaft invasion confirmed by direct microscopy. Tinea capitis and asymptomatic carriage mostly occur in children, but adult females are becoming another population in recent decades. In this study, we focused on the prevalence and related fungi of tinea capitis and asymptomatic carriage in elderly by the shampoo brush method, as well as the source of transmission, in 10 nursing home residents. Two hundred and thirteen residents were screened, and 186 isolates were identified, of which only three were dermatophytes (1.4%). The scalp dermatophyte isolates were identified as Trichophyton rubrum by morphological characters and sequences comparisons in all three cases. After revisiting, these cases were proved to be asymptomatic carriers by negative microscopic and culture examination; however, two cases were found to have concurrent tinea pedis and onychomycosis, which were identified as T. rubrum and Trichophyton interdigitale. The source of the T. rubrum scalp carriage may come from tinea elsewhere on the body of the same subject or from other people in the same institute. Finding and treating the source of carriage, as well as treating scalp carriage patients according to the colony counts, may help prevent disease spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yio Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Jung Lo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Gene Tu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Ju
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Lin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chiang
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Liang Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ting Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Küçükgöz-Güleç U, Gümral R, Güzel AB, Khatib G, Karakaş M, Ilkit M. Asymptomatic groin dermatophyte carriage detected during routine gynaecologic examinations. Mycoses 2012; 56:250-5. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umran Küçükgöz-Güleç
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
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Binder B, Lackner HK, Poessl BD, Propst E, Weger W, Smolle J, Ginter-Hanselmayer G. Prevalence of tinea capitis in Southeastern Austria between 1985 and 2008: up-to-date picture of the current situation. Mycoses 2011; 54:243-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01804.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Toksöz L, Güzel AB, Ilkit M, Akar T, Saraçlı MA. Scalp Dermatophyte Carriage in Pregnant, Pre-, and Postmenopausal Women: A Comparative Study Using the Hairbrush and Cytobrush Methods of Sample Collection. Mycopathologia 2010; 171:339-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ginter-Hanselmayer G, Seebacher C. Treatment of tinea capitis - a critical appraisal. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2010; 9:109-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2010.07554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ilkit M, Ali Saracli M, Kurdak H, Turac-Bicer A, Yuksel T, Karakas M, Schuenemann E, Abdel-Rahman SM. Clonal outbreak ofTrichophyton tonsuranstinea capitis gladiatorum among wrestlers in Adana, Turkey. Med Mycol 2010; 48:480-5. [DOI: 10.3109/13693780903278051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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