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Stoicescu ER, Iacob R, Iacob ER, Ghenciu LA, Oancea C, Manolescu DL. Tiny Lungs, Big Differences: Navigating the Varied COVID-19 Landscape in Neonates vs. Infants via Biomarkers and Lung Ultrasound. Biomedicines 2024; 12:425. [PMID: 38398027 PMCID: PMC10886952 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their susceptibilities, neonates and infants face unique SARS-CoV-2 challenges. This retrospective study will compare the illness course, symptoms, biomarkers, and lung damage in neonates and infants with SARS-CoV-2 infection from February 2020 to October 2023. This study was conducted at two hospitals in Timisoara, Romania, using real-time multiplex PCR to diagnose and lung ultrasonography (LUS) to assess lung involvement. Neonates had a more severe clinical presentation, an increased immune response, and greater lung involvement. Neonates had more PCR-positive tests (p = 0.0089) and longer hospital stays (p = 0.0002). In neonates, LDH, CRP, and ferritin levels were higher, indicating a stronger inflammatory response. Reduced oxygen saturation in neonates indicates respiratory dysfunction. The symptoms were varied. Infants had fever, cough, and rhinorrhea, while neonates had psychomotor agitation, acute dehydration syndrome, and candidiasis. This study emphasizes individualized care and close monitoring for neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections. Newborn lung ultrasonography showed different variances and severity levels, emphasizing the need for targeted surveillance and therapy. Newborns have high lung ultrasound scores (LUSS), indicating significant lung involvement. Both groups had initial lung involvement, but understanding these modest differences is crucial to improving care for these vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Robert Stoicescu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (E.R.S.); (D.L.M.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Field of Applied Engineering Sciences, Specialization Statistical Methods and Techniques in Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Mechanics, ‘Politehnica’ University Timisoara, Mihai Viteazul Boulevard No. 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Iacob
- Field of Applied Engineering Sciences, Specialization Statistical Methods and Techniques in Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Mechanics, ‘Politehnica’ University Timisoara, Mihai Viteazul Boulevard No. 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emil Radu Iacob
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Laura Andreea Ghenciu
- Department of Functional Sciences, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Pulmonology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Luminita Manolescu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (E.R.S.); (D.L.M.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Goldstein DS. Post-COVID dysautonomias: what we know and (mainly) what we don't know. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:99-113. [PMID: 38212633 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00917-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Following on from the COVID-19 pandemic is another worldwide public health challenge that is referred to variously as long COVID, post-COVID syndrome or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PASC comes in many forms and affects all body organs. This heterogeneous presentation suggests involvement of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which has numerous roles in the maintenance of homeostasis and coordination of responses to various stressors. Thus far, studies of ANS dysregulation in people with PASC have been largely observational and descriptive, based on symptom inventories or objective but indirect measures of cardiovascular function, and have paid little attention to the adrenomedullary, hormonal and enteric nervous components of the ANS. Such investigations do not consider the syndromic nature of autonomic dysfunction. This Review provides an update on the literature relating to ANS abnormalities in people with post-COVID syndrome and presents a theoretical perspective on how the ANS might participate in common features of PASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Goldstein
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Fedak BS, Ponomaryov VI, Ponomaryova VV, Kravchenko IM, Morozova OG, Yaroshevskiy OA, Mishchenko OM. DETERMINATION OF SOMATIC, NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THE ACUTE AND POSTCOVID PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH A MILD COURSE OF COVID-19 IN WARTIME. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:1160-1166. [PMID: 37364067 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202305204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To analyze the typical symptom complex at the stage of COVID-19 acute phase in the systemic relationship with somatic, psychosomatic, and neurological manifestations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The collection of primary material was performed by clinical-anamnestic method, laboratory, and sociological examination of patients treated out patiently. Summarizing of the results was performed according to the analysis of 100 completed cases of COVID-19 in patients aged 35-45 years (50 men and 50 women) who had no concomitant chronic pathology, and patients did not receive any vaccine dose before the disease (acute COVID-19) and during the next follow-up period (6 months). RESULTS Results: The data of the analysis allowed us to make a grounded conclusion about the syndromic heterogeneity of COVID 19 in a standardized patients group with a mild course. CONCLUSION Conclusions: the highest number of symptoms in the postcovid period by frequency, polymorphism, and life quality impact was found in the group of patients with subjectively tolerate acute COVID-19 most easily. Patients whose acute episode meets the mild criteria have pronounced neurological and psychoemotional manifestations during the postcovid period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan S Fedak
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Volodymyr I Ponomaryov
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Valeria V Ponomaryova
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Iryna M Kravchenko
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Olga G Morozova
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Oleksandr A Yaroshevskiy
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Oleksandr M Mishchenko
- EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY «KHARKIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE
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Is the Pandemic Wearing Us Out? A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Fatigue in Adult Twins without Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237067. [PMID: 36498639 PMCID: PMC9738217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During the pandemic, mental health was not only impaired in people after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also in people without previous infection. This is the first study on twins without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection to estimate the influence of genetic components and shared as well as individual environments on pandemic-associated fatigue. The study sample included 55 monozygotic and 45 dizygotic twin pairs. A total of 34.5% reported an increase in fatigue since the pandemic. A significant correlation was shown between the responses within monozygotic (χ2[1] = 11.14, p = 0.001) and dizygotic pairs (χ2[1] = 18.72, p < 0.001). In all pandemic-associated fatigue dimensions, individual environment (ranging from e2 = 0.64 to e2 = 0.84) and heritability (ranging from h2 = 0.32 to h2 = 1.04) seem to have the highest impact. The number of comorbidities significantly correlated with physical fatigue (Spearman’s ρ = 0.232, p < 0.001) and psychological impairment due to pandemic measures with the total fatigue score (Spearman’s ρ = 0.243, p < 0.001). However, calculated ANCOVAs with these significant correlations as covariates showed no significant influence on the mean values of the respective fatigue dimensions. Susceptibility to pandemic-associated fatigue may be genetically and environmentally determined, while intensity is also influenced by individual components. The prevalence of fatigue is high even in individuals without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Future mental health prevention and intervention programs should be implemented to alleviate the impact of the pandemic on the global population.
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