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d-limonene-loaded liposomes target malignant glioma cells via the downregulation of angiogenic growth factors. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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2
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Antitumor Potential of Antiepileptic Drugs in Human Glioblastoma: Pharmacological Targets and Clinical Benefits. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020582. [PMID: 36831117 PMCID: PMC9953000 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by fast-growing cells, genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, and radio-chemo-therapy resistance, contributing to its dismal prognosis. Various medical comorbidities are associated with the natural history of GBM. The most disabling and greatly affecting patients' quality of life are neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and GBM-related epilepsy (GRE). Hallmarks of GBM include molecular intrinsic mediators and pathways, but emerging evidence supports the key role of non-malignant cells within the tumor microenvironment in GBM aggressive behavior. In this context, hyper-excitability of neurons, mediated by glutamatergic and GABAergic imbalance, contributing to GBM growth strengthens the cancer-nervous system crosstalk. Pathogenic mechanisms, clinical features, and pharmacological management of GRE with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and their interactions are poorly explored, yet it is a potentially promising field of research in cancer neuroscience. The present review summarizes emerging cooperative mechanisms in oncogenesis and epileptogenesis, focusing on the neuron-to-glioma interface. The main effects and efficacy of selected AEDs used in the management of GRE are discussed in this paper, as well as their potential beneficial activity as antitumor treatment. Overall, although still many unclear processes overlapping in GBM growth and seizure onset need to be elucidated, this review focuses on the intriguing targeting of GBM-neuron mutual interactions to improve the outcome of the so challenging to treat GBM.
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Everix L, Seane EN, Ebenhan T, Goethals I, Bolcaen J. Introducing HDAC-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals for Glioblastoma Imaging and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:227. [PMID: 37259375 PMCID: PMC9967489 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in multimodality therapy for glioblastoma (GB) incorporating surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, the overall prognosis remains poor. One of the interesting targets for GB therapy is the histone deacetylase family (HDAC). Due to their pleiotropic effects on, e.g., DNA repair, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle, HDAC inhibitors have gained a lot of attention in the last decade as anti-cancer agents. Despite their known underlying mechanism, their therapeutic activity is not well-defined. In this review, an extensive overview is given of the current status of HDAC inhibitors for GB therapy, followed by an overview of current HDAC-targeting radiopharmaceuticals. Imaging HDAC expression or activity could provide key insights regarding the role of HDAC enzymes in gliomagenesis, thus identifying patients likely to benefit from HDACi-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Everix
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Elsie Neo Seane
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility (PCIF), (NuMeRI) NPC, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Technology/Preclinical Drug Development Platform (PCDDP), North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Bolcaen
- Radiation Biophysics Division, SSC laboratory, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa
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Rocha MA, de Campos Vidal B, Mello MLS. Sodium Valproate Modulates the Methylation Status of Lysine Residues 4, 9 and 27 in Histone H3 of HeLa Cells. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:197-210. [PMID: 35297358 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220316110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valproic acid/sodium valproate (VPA), a well-known anti-epileptic agent, inhibits histone deacetylases, induces histone hyperacetylation, promotes DNA demethylation, and affects the histone methylation status in some cell models. Histone methylation profiles have been described as potential markers for cervical cancer prognosis. However, histone methylation markers that can be studied in a cervical cancer cell line, like HeLa cells, have not been investigated following treatment with VPA. METHODS In this study, the effect of 0.5 mM and 2.0 mM VPA for 24 h on H3K4me2/me3, H3K9me/me2 and H3K27me/me3 signals as well as on KMT2D, EZH2, and KDM3A gene expression was investigated using confocal microscopy, Western blotting, and RT-PCR. Histone methylation changes were also investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). RESULTS We found that VPA induces increased levels of H3K4me2/me3 and H3K9me, which are indicative of chromatin activation. Particularly, H3K4me2 markers appeared intensified close to the nuclear periphery, which may suggest their implication in increased transcriptional memory. The abundance of H3K4me2/me3 in the presence of VPA was associated with increased methyltransferase KMT2D gene expression. VPA induced hypomethylation of H3K9me2, which is associated with gene silencing, and concomitant with the demethylase KDM3A, it increased gene expression. Although VPA induces increased H3K27me/me3 levels, it is suggested that the role of the methyltransferase EZH2 in this context could be affected by interactions with this drug. CONCLUSION Histone FTIR spectra were not affected by VPA under present experimental conditions. Whether our epigenetic results are consistent with VPA affecting the aggressive tumorous state of HeLa cells, further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Amorim Rocha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Benedicto de Campos Vidal
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Silveira Mello
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Nakka T, Goenka L, Dubashi B, Kayal S, Mathaiyan J, Barathi D, Krishnamoorthy N, Thumaty DB, Dahagama S, Ganesan P. Phase II study of sodium valproate in combination with oral etoposide in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:233. [PMID: 36175588 PMCID: PMC9522437 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) have limited therapeutic options and poor survival. There is a need for the development of newer therapies. Sodium valproic acid (VPA) is a short-chain fatty acid histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antitumor activity in preclinical models of PROC. Synergism with conventional cytotoxic agents like etoposide has been demonstrated. In this prospective, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study, we included patients ≥ 18 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed PROC and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) 0–3. Patients received oral VPA 60 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for 3 days (D1–D3), followed by oral etoposide 50 mg once daily for two consecutive weeks (D4–D17). Serum samples were collected to assess peak VPA drug levels. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. We sought to show an improvement in response rate from 25% (historically with oral etoposide) to 40% with the addition of VPA. 27 patients were enrolled in the study, and 18 [median age: 52 (45–59) years; serous histology:17 (94%); ECOG-PS 2 or 3: 14 (78%)] were evaluable for the response after 4 months. Nine patients were lost from follow-up before achieving the primary endpoint (mainly due to Covid-related lockdown issues). The median number of prior lines of treatment was 2 (1–3). ORR was 0% according to GCIG criteria. The disease was stable in two patients [clinical benefit rate (CBR) of 11%]. The median OS and PFS were 7 months and 2 months, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 6 (33%) patients. The addition of valproic acid to oral etoposide in patients with PROC and poor general condition was not helpful and failed to improve responses compared to those historically achieved with single-agent etoposide. However, further phase 2 randomized controlled trials with larger sample size can be done to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thejeswar Nakka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Luxitaa Goenka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Smita Kayal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Jayanthi Mathaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Deepak Barathi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Narendran Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Divya Bala Thumaty
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Sindhu Dahagama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), 3rd Floor, Super Speciality Block, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
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Anti-proliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Valproic Acid on HeLa Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-120224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Valproic acid (VPA), a branched short-chain fatty acid and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, has diverse biological activities in human cells, including anti-cancer properties. Objectives: In the present study, we tested the cytotoxicity of VPA on the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of the human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa. Methods: HeLa cell line was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and the cytotoxicity effect of VPA (at 0 - 100 mM) on the HeLa cell was evaluated, using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for 3 incubation times (24, 48, and 72 h). The effects of VPA on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were evaluated, using flow cytometry. In addition, the alterations in the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, and p21 were assessed with real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Valproic acid reduced the viability of HeLa cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and the IC50 values at 24, 48, and 72 h were 32.06, 21.29, and 14.51 mM, respectively. Further, VPA treatment remarkably increased the apoptosis of HeLa cells and arrested cells at the sub-G1 phase with a significant reduction in G2-M phase populations. The real-time PCR results demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, including Bax, p53, and p21, as well as a reduction in the levels of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2. Conclusions: Valproic acid inhibits the proliferation of the HeLa cell line through the induction of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in a p35-dependent manner.
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Cucchiara F, Ferraro S, Luci G, Bocci G. Relevant pharmacological interactions between alkylating agents and antiepileptic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105976. [PMID: 34785318 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Seizures are relatively common in cancer patients, and co-administration of chemotherapeutic and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is highly probable and necessary in many cases. Nonetheless, clinically relevant interactions between chemotherapeutic drugs and AEDs are rarely summarized and pharmacologically described. These interactions can cause insufficient tumor and seizure control or lead to unforeseen toxicity. This review focused on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between alkylating agents and AEDs, helping readers to make a rational choice of treatment optimization, and thus improving patients' quality of life. As an example, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine, by increasing the hepatic metabolism of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and busulfan, yield smaller peak concentrations and a reduced area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the prodrugs; alongside, the maximum concentration and AUC of their active products were increased with the possible onset of severe adverse drug reactions. On the other side, valproic acid, acting as histone deacetylase inhibitor, showed synergistic effects with temozolomide when tested in glioblastoma. The present review is aimed at providing evidence that may offer useful suggestions for rational pharmacological strategies in patients with seizures symptoms undertaking alkylating agents. Firstly, clinicians should avoid the use of enzyme-inducing AEDs in combination with alkylating agents and prefer the use of AEDs, such as levetiracetam, that have a low or no impact on hepatic metabolism. Secondly, a careful therapeutic drug monitoring of both alkylating agents and AEDs (and their active metabolites) is necessary to maintain therapeutic ranges and to avoid serious adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cucchiara
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ferraro
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Luci
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Shyu YM, Liu LYM, Chuang YJ. Synergistic Effect of Simultaneous versus Sequential Combined Treatment of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid with Etoposide on Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810029. [PMID: 34576202 PMCID: PMC8467070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, which is intrinsically resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Combination therapy has been developed to overcome this challenge and show synergistic anticancer effects on melanoma. Notably, the histone deacetylase inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), has been indicated as a potential sensitizer of chemotherapy drugs on various metastatic cancers, including advanced melanoma. In this study, we explored whether VPA could serve as an effective sensitizer of chemotherapy drug etoposide (ETO) on B16-F10 and SK-MEL-2-Luc melanoma cell lines in response to drug-induced DNA damages. Our results demonstrated that the VPA-ETO simultaneous combined treatment and ETO pretreated sequential combined treatment generated higher inhibitory effectivities than the individual treatment of each drug. We found the VPA-ETO simultaneous combined treatment contributed to the synergistic inhibitory effect by the augmented DNA double-strand breaks, accompanied by a compromised homologous recombination activity. In comparison, the ETO pretreated sequential combined treatment led to synergistic inhibitory effect via enhanced apoptosis. Surprisingly, the enhanced homologous recombination activity and G2/M phase arrest resulted in the antagonistic effect in both cells under VPA pretreated sequential combined treatment. In summary, our findings suggested that sequential order and effective dose of drug administration in VPA-ETO combination therapy could induce different cellular responses in melanoma cells. Such understanding might help potentiate the effectiveness of melanoma treatment and highlight the importance of sequential order and effective dose in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Ming Shyu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 30071, Taiwan
| | - Lawrence Yu-Min Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 30071, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.Y.-M.L.); (Y.-J.C.); Tel.: +88-6-3611-9595 (L.Y.-M.L.); +88-6-3574-2764 (Y.-J.C.); Fax: +88-6-3611-1175 (L.Y.-M.L.); +88-6-3571-5934 (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yung-Jen Chuang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.Y.-M.L.); (Y.-J.C.); Tel.: +88-6-3611-9595 (L.Y.-M.L.); +88-6-3574-2764 (Y.-J.C.); Fax: +88-6-3611-1175 (L.Y.-M.L.); +88-6-3571-5934 (Y.-J.C.)
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Zhang Y, Yuan B, Bian B, Zhao H, Kiyomi A, Hayashi H, Iwatani Y, Sugiura M, Takagi N. Cytotoxic Effects of Hellebrigenin and Arenobufagin Against Human Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:711220. [PMID: 34513690 PMCID: PMC8427765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.711220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer is urgently needed due to the sustained emergence of drug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. To gain a novel insight into therapeutic approaches to fight against breast cancer, the cytocidal effects of hellebrigenin (Helle) and arenobufagin (Areno) were investigated in human estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Helle exhibited more potent cytotoxicity than Areno in both cancer cells, and MCF-7 cells were more susceptible to both drugs in comparison with MDA-MB-231 cells. Apoptotic-like morphological characteristics, along with the downregulation of the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and the upregulation of the expression level of Bad, were observed in Helle-treated MCF-7 cells. Helle also caused the activation of caspase-8, caspase-9, along with the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in MCF-7 cells. Helle-mediated necrosis-like phenotype, as evidenced by the increased propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells was further observed. G2/M cell cycle arrest was also induced by Helle in the cells. Upregulation of the expression level of p21 and downregulation of the expression level of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cdc25C and survivin were observed in MCF-7 cells treated with Helle and occurred in parallel with G2/M arrest. Autophagy was triggered in MCF-7 cells and the addition of wortmannin or 3-MA, two well-known autophagy inhibitors, slightly but significantly rescued the cells. Furthermore, similar alterations of some key molecules associated with the aforementioned biological phenomena were observed in MDA-MB-231 cells. Intriguingly, the numbers of PI-positive cells in Helle-treated MCF-7 cells were significantly reduced by wortmannin and 3-MA, respectively. In addition, Helle-triggered G2/M arrest was significantly corrected by wortmannin, suggesting autophagy induction contributed to Helle-induced cytotoxicity of breast cancer cells by modulating necrosis and cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our results suggested potential usefulness of both Helle and Areno in developing therapeutic strategies to treat patients with different types of breast cancer, especially ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Japan
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Kiyomi
- Department of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Yui Iwatani
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Munetoshi Sugiura
- Department of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
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Karagiannis D, Rampias T. HDAC Inhibitors: Dissecting Mechanisms of Action to Counter Tumor Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3575. [PMID: 34298787 PMCID: PMC8307174 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumoral heterogeneity presents a major obstacle to cancer therapeutics, including conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Stochastic events such as mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic dysregulation, as well as micro-environmental selection pressures related to nutrient and oxygen availability, immune infiltration, and immunoediting processes can drive immense phenotypic variability in tumor cells. Here, we discuss how histone deacetylase inhibitors, a prominent class of epigenetic drugs, can be leveraged to counter tumor heterogeneity. We examine their effects on cellular processes that contribute to heterogeneity and provide insights on their mechanisms of action that could assist in the development of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Karagiannis
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Castillo-Juárez P, Sanchez SC, Chávez-Blanco AD, Mendoza-Figueroa HL, Correa-Basurto J. Apoptotic Effects of N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Propylpentanamide on U87-MG and U-2 OS Cells and Antiangiogenic Properties. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1451-1459. [PMID: 32723256 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200728125356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are important therapeutic targets for many types of human cancers. A derivative of valproic acid, N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HOAAVPA), has antiproliferative properties on some cancer cell lines and inhibits the HDAC1 isoform. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, HO-AAVPA was tested as an antiproliferative agent in U87-MG (human glioblastoma) and U-2 OS cells (human osteosarcoma), which are types of cancer that are difficult to treat, and its antiangiogenic properties were explored. RESULTS HO-AAVPA had antiproliferative effects at 48h with an IC50=0.655mM in U87-MG cells and an IC50=0.453mM in U-2 OS cells. Additionally, in the colony formation assay, HO-AAVPA decreased the number of colonies by approximately 99% in both cell lines and induced apoptosis by 31.3% in the U-2 OS cell line and by 78.2% in the U87-MG cell line. Additionally, HO-AAVPA reduced the number of vessels in Chorioallantoic Membranes (CAMs) by approximately 67.74% and IL-6 levels in both cell lines suggesting that the biochemical mechanism on cancer cell of HO-AAVPA is different compared to VPA. CONCLUSION HO-AAVPA has antiproliferative effects on glioblastoma and osteosarcoma and antiangiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castillo-Juárez
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico, CDMX. 11340, Mexico
| | - Sebastián C Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico, CDMX. 11340, Mexico
| | - Alma D Chávez-Blanco
- Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Intituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Humberto L Mendoza-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Diseno y Desarrollo de Nuevos Farmacos e Innovacion Biotecnologica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Miron, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseno y Desarrollo de Nuevos Farmacos e Innovacion Biotecnologica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Miron, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico
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12
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Kuo YJ, Yang YH, Lee IY, Chen PC, Yang JT, Wang TC, Lin MHC, Yang WH, Cheng CY, Chen KT, Huang WC, Lee MH. Effect of valproic acid on overall survival in patients with high-grade gliomas undergoing temozolomide: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21147. [PMID: 32664146 PMCID: PMC7360242 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are a rapidly progressive and highly recurrent group of primary brain tumors. Despite aggressive surgical resection with chemoradiotherapy, prognoses remained poor. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor has shown the potential to inhibit glioma cell growth in vitro through several diverse mechanisms. However clinical studies regarding the effect of VPA on HGGs are limited. This study aimed to investigate whether using VPA in patients with HGGs under temozolomide (TMZ) would lead to a better overall survival (OS).We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research database to conduct this population-based cohort study. A total of 2379 patients with HGGs under TMZ treatment were included and were further classified into VPA (n = 1212, VPA ≥ 84 defined daily dose [DDD]) and non-VPA (n = 1167, VPA < 84 DDD) groups. Each patient was followed from 1998 to 2013 or until death. A Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to evaluate the effect of VPA and OS.The VPA group had a longer mean OS time compared with the non-VPA group (OS: 50.3 ± 41.0 vs 42.0 ± 37.2 months, P < .001). In patients between 18 and 40 years old, the difference is most significant (OS: 70.5 ± 48.7 vs 55.1 ± 46.0, P = .001). The adjusted hazard ratio is 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.91) for the VPA group relative to the non-VPA group.VPA at over 84 DDD improved OS in HGGs TMZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - I-Yun Lee
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei
| | - Jen-Tsung Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan
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13
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Park HK, Han BR, Park WH. Combination of Arsenic Trioxide and Valproic Acid Efficiently Inhibits Growth of Lung Cancer Cells via G2/M-Phase Arrest and Apoptotic Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072649. [PMID: 32290325 PMCID: PMC7177455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO; As2O3) has anti-cancer effects in various solid tumors as well as hematological malignancy. Valproic acid (VPA), which is known to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has also anti-cancer properties in several cancer cells including lung cancer cells. Combined treatment of ATO and VPA (ATO/VPA) could synergistically enhance anti-cancer effects and reduce ATO toxicity ATO. In this study, the combined anti-cancer effects of ATO and VPA (ATO/VPA) was investigated in NCI-H460 and NCI-H1299 lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. A combination of 3 μM ATO and 3 mM VPA (ATO/VPA) strongly inhibited the growths of both lung cancer cell types. DNA flow cytometry indicated that ATO/VPA significantly induced G2/M-phase arrest in both cell lines. In addition, ATO/VPA strongly increased the percentages of sub-G1 cells and annexin V-FITC positive cells in both cells. However, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cells was not increased in ATO/VPA-treated cells. In addition, ATO/VPA increased apoptosis in both cell types, accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ∆Ψm), activation of caspases, and cleavage of anti-poly ADP ribose polymerase-1. Moreover, a pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD, significantly reduced apoptotic cell death induced by ATO/VPA. In the xenograft model, ATO/VPA synergistically inhibited growth of NCI-H460-derived xenograft tumors. In conclusion, the combination of ATO/VPA effectively inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells through G2/M-phase arrest and apoptotic cell death, and had a synergistic antitumor effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Woo Hyun Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-3079; Fax: +82-63-274-9892
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14
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Cucchiara F, Pasqualetti F, Giorgi FS, Danesi R, Bocci G. Epileptogenesis and oncogenesis: An antineoplastic role for antiepileptic drugs in brain tumours? Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104786. [PMID: 32278037 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The first description of epileptic seizures due to brain tumours occurred in 19th century. Nevertheless, after over one hundred years, scientific literature is still lacking on how epilepsy and its treatment can affect tumour burden, progression and clinical outcomes. In patients with brain tumours, epilepsy dramatically impacts their quality of life (QoL). Even antiepileptic therapy seems to affect tumor lesion development. Numerous studies suggest that certain actors involved in epileptogenesis (inflammatory changes, glutamate and its ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, GABA-A and its GABA-AR receptor, as well as certain ligand- and voltage-gated ion channel) may also contribute to tumorigenesis. Although some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are known operating on such mechanisms underlying epilepsy and tumor development, few preclinical and clinical studies have tried to investigate them as targets of pharmacological tools acting to control both phenomena. The primary aim of this review is to summarize known determinants and pathophysiological mechanisms of seizures, as well as of cell growth and spread, in patients with brain tumors. Therefore, a special focus will be provided on the anticancer effects of commonly prescribed AEDs (including levetiracetam, valproic acid, oxcarbazepine and others), with an overview of both preclinical and clinical data. Potential clinical applications of this finding are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cucchiara
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- U.O. Radioterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Università di Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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15
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Yuan B, Shimada R, Xu K, Han L, Si N, Zhao H, Bian B, Hayashi H, Okazaki M, Takagi N. Multiple cytotoxic effects of gamabufotalin against human glioblastoma cell line U-87. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 314:108849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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The Anti-Tumorigenic Activity of Sema3C in the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225672. [PMID: 31726800 PMCID: PMC6888630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sema3C protein, a member of the class 3 family of secreted semaphorins, play an important role in tumor development by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis processes. Depending on the type and malignancy grade of the tumor, Sema3C function remains controversial. In this study, we constructed a stably overexpressing Sema3C glioblastoma cell line U87 MG and tested it on the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model with the aim to reveal Sema3C protein function on angiogenesis process in ovo. Our experiments showed that Sema3C not only affects angiogenesis of CAM by inhibiting neovascularization but also acts as an anti-tumorigenic molecule by hampering U87 MG cell invasion into mesenchyme. The effects of Sema3C on CAM were similar to the effects of anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate (NaVP). Both, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activities of Sema3C were enhanced by the treatment of NaVP and, importantly, were not attributed to the cytotoxic effects. Our studies suggest that Sema3C could be a promising target for glioblastoma treatment.
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17
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Berendsen S, Frijlink E, Kroonen J, Spliet WGM, van Hecke W, Seute T, Snijders TJ, Robe PA. Effects of valproic acid on histone deacetylase inhibition in vitro and in glioblastoma patient samples. Neurooncol Adv 2019; 1:vdz025. [PMID: 32642660 PMCID: PMC7212905 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) inhibits histone deacetylase in glioblastoma cells in vitro, which influences several oncogenic pathways and decreases glioma cell proliferation. The clinical relevance of these observations remains unclear, as VPA does not seem to affect glioblastoma patient survival. In this study, we analyzed whether the in vitro effects of VPA treatment on histone acetylation are also observed in tumor tissues of glioblastoma patients. Methods The in vitro effects of VPA treatment on histone acetylation were assessed with immunofluorescence and western blotting. On tissue microarrays and in fresh-frozen glioblastoma tissues we investigated the histone acetylation patterns of patients who were either treated with VPA or did not receive antiepileptic drugs at the time of their surgery. We also performed mRNA expression-based and gene set enrichment analyses on these tissues. Results VPA increased the expression levels of acetylated histones H3 and H4 in vitro, in agreement with previous reports. In tumor samples obtained from glioblastoma patients, however, VPA treatment affected neither gene (set) expression nor histone acetylation. Conclusions The in vitro effects of VPA on histone acetylation status in glioblastoma cells could not be confirmed in clinical tumor samples of glioblastoma patients using antiepileptic doses of VPA, which reflects the lack of effect of VPA on the clinical outcome of glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Berendsen
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elselien Frijlink
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jèrôme Kroonen
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Wim G M Spliet
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim van Hecke
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tatjana Seute
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J Snijders
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre A Robe
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, GIGA Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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18
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Valproic acid promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through stabilization of Snail and transcriptional upregulation of Zeb1. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172745. [PMID: 31639340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can regulate cancer progression and its inhibitors (HDACIs) have been widely used for cancer therapy. Valproic acid (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) can inhibit the class I HDAC and suppress the malignancy of solid cancers. Our present study revealed that 1 mM VPA, which has no effect on cell proliferation, can significantly increase the migration and induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) like properties of breast cancer cells. Further, VPA increased the expression of EMT-transcription factors (EMT-TFs) Snail and Zeb1. Knockdown of Snail and Zeb1 can attenuate VPA induced cell migration and EMT. Mechanistically, VPA increased the protein stability of Snail via suppression its phosphorylation at Ser 11. As to Zeb1, VPA can increase its promoter activity and transcription via a HDAC2 dependent manner. Over expression of HDAC2 can block VPA induced expression of Zeb1. Collectively, our data revealed that VPA can trigger the EMT of breast cancer cells via upregulation of Snail and Zeb1. It indicated that more attention should be paid to the effects of VPA on the clinical therapy of breast cancer.
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19
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Pannangrong W, Sirichoat A, Wongsiri T, Wigmore P, Welbat JU. Valproic acid withdrawal ameliorates impairments of hippocampal-spatial working memory and neurogenesis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:253-263. [PMID: 30829012 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1800340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), an agent that is used to treat epileptic seizures, can cause spatial memory impairment in adults and children. This effect is thought to be due to the ability of VPA to inhibit neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which is required for learning. We have previously used an animal model to show that VPA significantly impairs hippocampal-spatial working memory and inhibits neuronal generation in the sub-granular zone of the dentate gyrus. As there are patient reports of improvements in memory after discontinuing VPA treatment, the present study investigated the recovery of both spatial memory and hippocampal neurogenesis at two time points after withdrawal of VPA. Male Wistar rats were given intraperitoneal injections of 0.9% normal saline or VPA (300 mg/kg) twice a day for 10 d. At 1, 30, or 45 d after the drug treatment, the novel object location (NOL) test was used to examine spatial memory; hippocampal cell division was counted using Ki67 immunohistochemistry, and levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Notch1 were measured using western immunoblotting. Spatial working memory was impaired 1 and 30 d after the final administration, but was restored to control levels by 45 d. Cell proliferation had increased to control levels at 30 and 45 d. Both markers of neurogenesis (BDNF and Notch1 levels) had returned to control levels at 45 d. These results demonstrate that memory recovery occurs over a period of six weeks after discontinuing VPA treatment and is preceded by a return of hippocampal neurogenesis to control levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanassanun Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Trai Wongsiri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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20
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Emerging therapeutic potential of anti-psychotic drugs in the management of human glioma: A comprehensive review. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3952-3977. [PMID: 31231472 PMCID: PMC6570463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous advancements in the last decade, human gliomas such as astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme have the worst prognoses among all cancers. Anti-psychotic drugs are commonly prescribed to treat mental disorders among cancer patients, and growing empirical evidence has revealed their antitumor, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, chemo-preventive, and neo-adjuvant efficacies in various in vitro, in vivo, and clinical glioma models. Anti-psychotic drugs have drawn the attention of physicians and researchers owing to their beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of gliomas. This review highlights data on the therapeutic potential of various anti-psychotic drugs as anti-proliferative, chemopreventive, and anti-angiogenic agents in various glioma models via the modulation of upstream and downstream molecular targets involved in apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, and the cell cycle in in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical stages among glioma patients. The ability of anti-psychotic drugs to modulate various signaling pathways and multidrug resistance-conferring proteins that enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs with low side-effects exemplifies their great potential as neo-adjuvants and potential chemotherapeutics in single or multimodal treatment approach. Moreover, anti-psychotic drugs confer the ability to induce glioma into oligodendrocyte-like cells and neuronal-like phenotype cells with reversal of epigenetic alterations through inhibition of histone deacetylase further rationalize their use in glioma treatment. The improved understanding of anti-psychotic drugs as potential chemotherapeutic drugs or as neo-adjuvants will provide better information for their use globally as affordable, well-tolerated, and effective anticancer agents for human glioma.
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21
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Dobson THW, Tao RH, Swaminathan J, Maegawa S, Shaik S, Bravo-Alegria J, Sharma A, Kennis B, Yang Y, Callegari K, Haltom AR, Taylor P, Kogiso M, Qi L, Khatua S, Goldman S, Lulla RR, Fangusaro J, MacDonald TJ, Li XN, Hawkins C, Rajaram V, Gopalakrishnan V. Transcriptional repressor REST drives lineage stage-specific chromatin compaction at Ptch1 and increases AKT activation in a mouse model of medulloblastoma. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/565/eaan8680. [PMID: 30670636 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan8680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In medulloblastomas (MBs), the expression and activity of RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is increased in tumors driven by the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway, specifically the SHH-α (children 3 to 16 years) and SHH-β (infants) subgroups. Neuronal maturation is greater in SHH-β than SHH-α tumors, but both correlate with poor overall patient survival. We studied the contribution of REST to MB using a transgenic mouse model (RESTTG ) wherein conditional NeuroD2-controlled REST transgene expression in lineage-committed Ptch1 +/- cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) accelerated tumorigenesis and increased penetrance and infiltrative disease. This model revealed a neuronal maturation context-specific antagonistic interplay between the transcriptional repressor REST and the activator GLI1 at Ptch1 Expression of Arrb1, which encodes β-arrestin1 (a GLI1 inhibitor), was substantially reduced in proliferating and, to a lesser extent, lineage-committed RESTTG cells compared with wild-type proliferating CGNPs. Lineage-committed RESTTG cells also had decreased GLI1 activity and increased histone H3K9 methylation at the Ptch1 locus, which correlated with premature silencing of Ptch1 These cells also had decreased expression of Pten, which encodes a negative regulator of the kinase AKT. Expression of PTCH1 and GLI1 were less, and ARRB1 was somewhat greater, in patient SHH-β than SHH-α MBs, whereas that of PTEN was similarly lower in both subtypes than in others. Inhibition of histone modifiers or AKT reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis, respectively, in cultured REST-high MB cells. Our findings linking REST to differentiation-specific chromatin remodeling, PTCH1 silencing, and AKT activation in MB tissues reveal potential subgroup-specific therapeutic targets for MB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara H W Dobson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rong-Hua Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Shinji Maegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shavali Shaik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Javiera Bravo-Alegria
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bridget Kennis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keri Callegari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amanda R Haltom
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pete Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mari Kogiso
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lin Qi
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Soumen Khatua
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rishi R Lulla
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason Fangusaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Veena Rajaram
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. .,Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Ciechomska IA, Marciniak MP, Jackl J, Kaminska B. Pre-treatment or Post-treatment of Human Glioma Cells With BIX01294, the Inhibitor of Histone Methyltransferase G9a, Sensitizes Cells to Temozolomide. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1271. [PMID: 30450051 PMCID: PMC6224489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant, primary brain tumor, highly resistant to conventional therapies. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first line therapeutic agent in GBM patients, however, survival of such patients is poor. High level of DNA repair protein, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and occurrence of glioma stem-like cells contribute to GBM resistance to the drug. Here, we explored a possibility of epigenetic reprograming of glioma cells to increase sensitivity to TMZ and restore apoptosis competence. We combined TMZ treatment with BIX01294, an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase G9a, known to be involved in cancerogenesis. Two treatment combinations were tested: BIX01294 was administered to human LN18 and U251 glioma cell cultures 48 h before TMZ or 48 h after TMZ treatment. Despite their different status of the MGMT gene promoter, there was no correlation with the response to TMZ. The analyses of cell viability, appearance of apoptotic alterations in morphology of cells and nuclei, and markers of apoptosis, such as levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 7 and PARP, revealed that both pre-treatment and post-treatment with BIX01294 sensitize glioma cells to TMZ. The additive effect was stronger in LN18 cells. Moreover, BIX01294 enhanced the cytotoxic effect of TMZ on glioma stem-like cells, although it was not associated with modulation of the pluripotency markers (NANOG, SOX2, CD133) expression or methylation of NANOG and SOX2 gene promoters. Accordingly, knockdown of methyltransferase G9a augments TMZ-induced cell death in LN18 cells. We found the significant increases of the LC3-II levels in LN18 cells treated with BIX01294 alone and with drug combination that suggests involvement of autophagy in enhancement of anti-tumor effect of TMZ. Treatment with BIX01294 did not affect methylation of the MGMT gene promoter. Altogether, our results suggest that G9a is a potential therapeutic target in malignant glioma and the treatment with the G9a inhibitor reprograms glioma cells and glioma stem-like cells to increase sensitivity to TMZ and restore apoptosis competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Anna Ciechomska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Patrycja Marciniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Judyta Jackl
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Hoja S, Schulze M, Rehli M, Proescholdt M, Herold-Mende C, Hau P, Riemenschneider MJ. Molecular dissection of the valproic acid effects on glioma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62989-63002. [PMID: 27556305 PMCID: PMC5325342 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many glioblastoma patients suffer from seizures why they are treated with antiepileptic agents. Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that apart from its anticonvulsive effects in some retrospective studies has been suggested to lead to a superior outcome of glioblastoma patients. However, the exact molecular effects of VPA treatment on glioblastoma cells have not yet been deciphered. We treated glioblastoma cells with VPA, recorded the functional effects of this treatment and performed a global and unbiased next generation sequencing study on the chromatin (ChIP) and RNA level. 1) VPA treatment clearly sensitized glioma cells to temozolomide: A protruding VPA-induced molecular feature in this context was the transcriptional upregulation/reexpression of numerous solute carrier (SLC) transporters that was also reflected by euchromatinization on the histone level and a reexpression of SLC transporters in human biopsy samples after VPA treatment. DNA repair genes were adversely reduced. 2) VPA treatment, however, also reduced cell proliferation in temozolomide-naive cells: On the molecular level in this context we observed a transcriptional upregulation/reexpression and euchromatinization of several glioblastoma relevant tumor suppressor genes and a reduction of stemness markers, while transcriptional subtype classification (mesenchymal/proneural) remained unaltered. Taken together, these findings argue for both temozolomide-dependent and -independent effects of VPA. VPA might increase the uptake of temozolomide and simultaneously lead to a less malignant glioblastoma phenotype. From a mere molecular perspective these findings might indicate a surplus value of VPA in glioblastoma therapy and could therefore contribute an additional ratio for clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hoja
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Schulze
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.,RCI Regensburg Centre for Interventional Immunology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.,Wilhelm Sander Neuro-Oncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Wilhelm Sander Neuro-Oncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus J Riemenschneider
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.,Wilhelm Sander Neuro-Oncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
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24
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Kaur G, Cholia RP, Joshi G, Amrutkar SM, Kalra S, Mantha AK, Banerjee UC, Kumar R. Anticancer activity of dihydropyrazolo[1,5-c
]quinazolines against rat C6 glioma cells via inhibition of topoisomerase II. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800023. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
| | - Ravi P. Cholia
- Department of Animal Sciences; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
| | - Suyog M. Amrutkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology); National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) S. A. S. Nagar; Mohali India
| | - Sourav Kalra
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
| | - Anil K. Mantha
- Department of Animal Sciences; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
| | - Uttam C. Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology); National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) S. A. S. Nagar; Mohali India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products; Central University of Punjab; Bathinda India
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25
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Suraweera A, O’Byrne KJ, Richard DJ. Combination Therapy With Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACi) for the Treatment of Cancer: Achieving the Full Therapeutic Potential of HDACi. Front Oncol 2018; 8:92. [PMID: 29651407 PMCID: PMC5884928 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic changes in DNA are involved in cancer development and tumor progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key regulators of gene expression that act as transcriptional repressors by removing acetyl groups from histones. HDACs are dysregulated in many cancers, making them a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), a novel class of small-molecular therapeutics, are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration as anticancer agents. While they have shown great promise, resistance to HDACi is often observed and furthermore, HDACi have shown limited success in treating solid tumors. The combination of HDACi with standard chemotherapeutic drugs has demonstrated promising anticancer effects in both preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we summarize the research thus far on HDACi in combination therapy, with other anticancer agents and their translation into preclinical and clinical studies. We additionally highlight the side effects associated with HDACi in cancer therapy and discuss potential biomarkers to either select or predict a patient's response to these agents, in order to limit the off-target toxicity associated with HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila Suraweera
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth J. O’Byrne
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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26
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Huang J, Zhao D, Liu Z, Liu F. Repurposing psychiatric drugs as anti-cancer agents. Cancer Lett 2018; 419:257-265. [PMID: 29414306 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health problem and one of the leading contributors to the global disease burden. The high cost of development of new drugs and the increasingly severe burden of cancer globally have led to increased interest in the search and development of novel, affordable anti-neoplastic medications. Antipsychotic drugs have a long history of clinical use and tolerable safety; they have been used as good targets for drug repurposing. Being used for various psychiatric diseases for decades, antipsychotic drugs are now reported to have potent anti-cancer properties against a wide variety of malignancies in addition to their antipsychotic effects. In this review, an overview of repurposing various psychiatric drugs for cancer treatment is presented, and the putative mechanisms for the anti-neoplastic actions of these antipsychotic drugs are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Chinese National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Danwei Zhao
- Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Fangkun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China.
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Combination Therapy with Sulfasalazine and Valproic Acid Promotes Human Glioblastoma Cell Death Through Imbalance of the Intracellular Oxidative Response. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6816-6833. [PMID: 29349577 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor and still lacks effective therapeutic strategies. It has already been shown that old drugs like sulfasalazine (SAS) and valproic acid (VPA) present antitumoral activities in glioma cell lines. SAS has also been associated with a decrease of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels through a potent inhibition of xc- glutamate/cystine exchanger leading to an antioxidant deprotection. In the same way, VPA was recently identified as a histone deacetylase (HDAT) inhibitor capable of activating tumor suppression genes. As both drugs are widely used in clinical practice and their profile of adverse effects is well known, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of the combined treatment with SAS and VPA in GBM cell lines. We observed that both drugs were able to reduce cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and the combined treatment potentiated these effects. Combined treatment also increased cell death and inhibited proliferation of GBM cells, while having no effect on human and rat cultured astrocytes. Also, we observed high protein expression of the catalytic subunit of xc- in all the examined GBM cell lines, and treatment with SAS blocked its activity and decreased intracellular GSH levels. Noteworthy, SAS but not VPA was also able to reduce the [14C]-ascorbate uptake. Together, these data indicate that SAS and VPA exhibit a substantial effect on GBM cell's death related to an intracellular oxidative response imbalance, making this combination of drugs a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Chang YL, Huang LC, Chen YC, Wang YW, Hueng DY, Huang SM. The synergistic effects of valproic acid and fluvastatin on apoptosis induction in glioblastoma multiforme cell lines. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 92:155-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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29
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Tseng JH, Chen CY, Chen PC, Hsiao SH, Fan CC, Liang YC, Chen CP. Valproic acid inhibits glioblastoma multiforme cell growth via paraoxonase 2 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14666-14679. [PMID: 28108734 PMCID: PMC5362434 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the potential mechanisms of valproic acid (VPA) in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Using the human U87, GBM8401, and DBTRG-05MG GBM-derived cell lines, VPA at concentrations of 5 to 20 mM induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Stress-related molecules such as paraoxonase 2 (PON2), cyclin B1, cdc2, and Bcl-xL were downregulated, but p27, p21 and Bim were upregulated by VPA treatment. VPA response element on the PON2 promoter was localized at position -400/−1. PON2 protein expression was increased in GBM cells compared with normal brain tissue and there was a negative correlation between the expression of PON2 and Bim. These findings were confirmed by the public Bredel GBM microarray (Gene Expression Omnibus accession: GSE2223) and the Cancer Genome Atlas GBM microarray datasets. Overexpression of PON2 in GBM cells significantly decreased intracellular ROS levels, and PON2 expression was decreased after VPA stimulation compared with controls. Bim expression was significantly induced by VPA in GBM cells with PON2 silencing. These observations were further shown in the subcutaneous GBM8401 cell xenograft of BALB/c nude mice. Our results suggest that VPA reduces PON2 expression in GBM cells, which in turn increases ROS production and induces Bim production that inhibits cancer progression via the PON2–Bim cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Ho Tseng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Huang Hsiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,College of Science, National Chengchi University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Fan
- Department of Physiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chie-Pein Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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30
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Chen JH, Zheng YL, Xu CQ, Gu LZ, Ding ZL, Qin L, Wang Y, Fu R, Wan YF, Hu CP. Valproic acid (VPA) enhances cisplatin sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via HDAC2 mediated down regulation of ABCA1. Biol Chem 2017; 398:785-792. [PMID: 28002023 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) has been suggested to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI). Our present study revealed that VPA at 1 mm, which had no effect on cell proliferation, can significantly increase the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to cisplatin (DDP). VPA treatment markedly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, while had no significant effect on ABCA3, ABCA7 or ABCB10. Luciferase reporter assays showed that VPA can decrease the ABCA1 promoter activity in both A549 and H358 cells. VPA treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of SP1, which can bind to -100 and -166 bp in the promoter of ABCA1. While the phosphorylation of c-Fos and c-Jun were not changed in VPA treated NSCLC cells. Over expression of HDAC2 attenuated VPA induced down regulation of ABCA1 mRNA expression and promoter activities. Over expression of HDAC2 also attenuated VPA induced DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells. These data revealed that VPA can increase the DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells via down regulation of ABCA1 through HDAC2/SP1 signals. It suggested that combination of VPA and anticancer drugs such as DDP might be great helpful for treatment of NSCLC patients.
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31
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Killick-Cole CL, Singleton WGB, Bienemann AS, Asby DJ, Wyatt MJ, Boulter LJ, Barua NU, Gill SS. Repurposing the anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate as an adjuvant treatment for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176855. [PMID: 28542253 PMCID: PMC5444593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting epigenetic changes in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) may provide a novel treatment option for patients. This report demonstrates that sodium valproate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), can increase the cytotoxicity of carboplatin in an additive and synergistic manner in DIPG cells in vitro. Sodium valproate causes a dose-dependent decrease in DIPG cell viability in three independent ex vivo cell lines. Furthermore, sodium valproate caused an increase in acetylation of histone H3. Changes in cell viability were consistent with an induction of apoptosis in DIPG cells in vitro, determined by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V staining and assessment of apoptotic markers by western blotting. Subsequently, immunofluorescent staining of neuronal and glial markers was used to determine toxicity in normal rat hippocampal cells. Pre-treatment of cells with sodium valproate enhanced the cytotoxic effects of carboplatin, in three DIPG cell lines tested. These results demonstrate that sodium valproate causes increased histone H3 acetylation indicative of HDAC inhibition, which is inversely correlated with a reduction in cell viability. Cell viability is reduced through an induction of apoptosis in DIPG cells. Sodium valproate potentiates carboplatin cytotoxicity and prompts further work to define the mechanism responsible for the synergy between these two drugs and determine in vivo efficacy. These findings support the use of sodium valproate as an adjuvant treatment for DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L. Killick-Cole
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (SG); (CKC)
| | - William G. B. Singleton
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alison S. Bienemann
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Asby
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella J. Wyatt
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa J. Boulter
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Neil U. Barua
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steven S. Gill
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (SG); (CKC)
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32
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Zhang H, Dong L, Chen Q, Kong L, Meng B, Wang H, Fu K, Wang X, Pan-Hammarström Q, Wang P, Wang X. Synergistic antitumor effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor and Doxorubicin in peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2017; 56:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Hydroxyurea synergizes with valproic acid in wild-type p53 acute myeloid leukaemia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8105-18. [PMID: 26812881 PMCID: PMC4884979 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Palliative care in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is inadequate. For elderly patients, unfit for intensive chemotherapy, median survival is 2–3 months. As such, there is urgent demand for low-toxic palliative alternatives. We have repositioned two commonly administered anti-leukaemia drugs, valproic acid (VPA) and hydroxyurea (HU), as a combination therapy in AML. The anti-leukemic effect of VPA and HU was assessed in multiple AML cell lines confirming the superior anti-leukemic effect of combination therapy. Mechanistic studies revealed that VPA amplified the ability of HU to slow S-phase progression and this correlated with significantly increased DNA damage. VPA was also shown to reduce expression of the DNA repair protein, Rad51. Interestingly, the tumour suppressor protein p53 was revealed to mitigate cell cycle recovery following combination induced arrest. The efficacy of combination therapy was validated in vivo. Combination treatment increased survival in OCI-AML3 and patient-derived xenograft mouse models of AML. Therapy response was confirmed by optical imaging with multiplexed near-infrared labelled antibodies. The combination of HU and VPA indicates significant potential in preclinical models of AML. Both compounds are widely available and well tolerated. We believe that repositioning this combination could significantly enhance the palliative care of patients unsuited to intensive chemotherapy.
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34
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Feng J, Cen J, Li J, Zhao R, Zhu C, Wang Z, Xie J, Tang W. Histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) promotes the epithelial mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cells via up regulation of Snail. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 9:495-501. [PMID: 26632346 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been shown to have antiproliferative activity through cell-cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Our present study revealed that one HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), can obviously promote in vitro motility of HCT-116 and SW480 cells. VPA treatment significantly down regulates the expression of epithelial markers E-Cadherin (E-Cad) and Zona occludin-1(ZO-1) while up regulates the mesenchymal markers Vimentin (Vim) and N-cadherin (N-Cad), suggesting that VPA can trigger the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC cells. VPA treatment significantly increases the expression and nuclear localization of Snail, the key transcription factors of EMT. Snail knockdown by siRNAs obviously reverses VPA induced EMT of HCT-116 and SW480 cells. Further, VPA can decrease the ubiquitination, increase the acetylation, and then elevate the stabilization of Snail. VPA also increases the phosphorylation of Akt/GSK-3β. The inhibitor of PI3K/Akt, LY2994002, significantly attenuates VPA induced phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β and up regulation of Snail and Vim. Collectively, our data reveal that VPA can trigger the EMT of CRC cells via up regulation of Snail through AKT/GSK-3β signals and post-transcriptional modification. It suggests that more attention should be paid when VPA used as a new anticancer drug for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutao Feng
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Junhua Cen
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Jun Li
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Rujin Zhao
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Canhua Zhu
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Zongxin Wang
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Jiafen Xie
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Wei Tang
- a Hepatobiliary Surgery Department ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
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35
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Welbat JU, Sangrich P, Sirichoat A, Chaisawang P, Chaijaroonkhanarak W, Prachaney P, Pannangrong W, Wigmore P. Fluoxetine prevents the memory deficits and reduction in hippocampal cell proliferation caused by valproic acid. J Chem Neuroanat 2016; 78:112-118. [PMID: 27619060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), a commonly used antiepileptic drug, has been reported to cause cognitive impairments in patients. In a previous study, using a rodent model, we showed that VPA treatment impaired cognition which was associated with a reduction in the cell proliferation required for hippocampal neurogenesis. The antidepressant fluoxetine has been shown to increase hippocampal neurogenesis and to reverse the memory deficits found in a number of pathological conditions. In the present study we investigated the protective effects of fluoxetine treatment against the impairments in memory and hippocampal cell proliferation produced by VPA. Male Sprague Dawley rats received daily treatment with fluoxetine (10mg/kg) by oral gavage for 21days. Some rats were co-administered with VPA (300mg/kg, twice daily i.p. injections) for 14days from day 8 to day 21 of the fluoxetine treatment. Spatial memory was tested using the novel object location (NOL) test. The number of proliferating cells present in the sub granular zone of the dentate gyrus was quantified using Ki67 immunohistochemistry at the end of the experiment. Levels of the receptor Notch1, the neurotrophic factor BDNF and the neural differentiation marker DCX were determined by Western blotting. VPA-treated rats showed memory deficits, a decrease in the number of proliferating cells in the sub granular zone and decreases in the levels of Notch1 and BDNF but not DCX compared to control animals. These changes in behavior, cell proliferation and Notch1 and BDNF were prevented in animals which had received both VPA and fluoxetine. Rats receiving fluoxetine alone did not show a significant difference in the number of proliferating cells or behavior compared to controls. These results demonstrated that the spatial memory deficits and reduction of cell proliferation produced by VPA can be ameliorated by the simultaneous administration of the antidepressant fluoxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Preeyanuch Sangrich
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Chaisawang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Parichat Prachaney
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanassanun Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Happold C, Gorlia T, Chinot O, Gilbert MR, Nabors LB, Wick W, Pugh SL, Hegi M, Cloughesy T, Roth P, Reardon DA, Perry JR, Mehta MP, Stupp R, Weller M. Reply to F. Felix et al and M.F. Fay et al. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:3107-8. [PMID: 27298403 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.68.0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thierry Gorlia
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Data Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Mark R Gilbert
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Wolfgang Wick
- University of Heidelberg; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie L Pugh
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Monika Hegi
- University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roger Stupp
- University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lee CY, Lai HY, Chiu A, Chan SH, Hsiao LP, Lee ST. The effects of antiepileptic drugs on the growth of glioblastoma cell lines. J Neurooncol 2016; 127:445-53. [PMID: 26758059 PMCID: PMC4835521 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To determine the effects of antiepileptic drug compounds on glioblastoma cellular growth, we exposed glioblastoma cell lines to select antiepileptic drugs. The effects of selected antiepileptic drugs on glioblastoma cells were measured by MTT assay. For compounds showing significant inhibition, cell cycle analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The antiepileptic compounds selected for screening included carbamazepine, ethosuximide, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, magnesium sulfate, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, primidone, tiagabine, topiramate, valproic acid, and vigabatrin. Dexamethasone and temozolomide were used as a negative and positive control respectively. Our results showed temozolomide and oxcarbazepine significantly inhibited glioblastoma cell growth and reached IC50 at therapeutic concentrations. The other antiepileptic drugs screened were unable to reach IC50 at therapeutic concentrations. The metabolites of oxcarbazepine were also unable to reach IC50. Dexamethasone, ethosuximide, levetiracetam, and vigabatrin showed some growth enhancement though they did not reach statistical significance. The growth enhancement effects of ethosuximide, levetiracetam, and vigabatrin found in the study may indicate that these compounds should not be used for prophylaxis or short term treatment of epilepsy in glioblastoma. While valproic acid and oxcarbazepine were effective, the required dose of valproic acid was far above that used for the treatment of epilepsy and the metabolites of oxcarbazepine failed to reach significant growth inhibition ruling out the use of oral oxcarbazepine or valproic acid as monotherapy in glioblastoma. The possibility of using these compounds as local treatment is a future area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Angela Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ping Hsiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tseng Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing Street, 333, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Epigenetic targeting of glioma stem cells: Short-term and long-term treatments with valproic acid modulate DNA methylation and differentiation behavior, but not temozolomide sensitivity. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2811-24. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Zhao Y, You W, Zheng J, Chi Y, Tang W, Du R. Valproic acid inhibits the angiogenic potential of cervical cancer cells via HIF-1α/VEGF signals. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 18:1123-1130. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Lee JK, Nam DOH, Lee J. Repurposing antipsychotics as glioblastoma therapeutics: Potentials and challenges. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1281-1286. [PMID: 26893731 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most lethal primary brain tumor, with tragically little therapeutic progress over the last 30 years. Surgery provides a modest benefit, and GBM cells are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Despite significant development of the molecularly targeting strategies, the clinical outcome of GBM patients remains dismal. The challenges inherent in developing effective GBM treatments have become increasingly clear, and include resistance to standard treatments, the blood-brain barrier, resistance of GBM stem-like cells, and the genetic complexity and molecular adaptability of GBM. Recent studies have collectively suggested that certain antipsychotics harbor antitumor effects and have potential utilities as anti-GBM therapeutics. In the present review, the anti-tumorigenic effects and putative mechanisms of antipsychotics, and the challenges for the potential use of antipsychotic drugs as anti-GBM therapeutics are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ku Lee
- Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - DO-Hyun Nam
- Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwu Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Lee HJ, Dreyfus C, DiCicco-Bloom E. Valproic acid stimulates proliferation of glial precursors during cortical gliogenesis in developing rat. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 76:780-98. [PMID: 26505176 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a neurotherapeutic drug prescribed for seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraine, including women of reproductive age. VPA is a well-known teratogen that produces congenital malformations in many organs including the nervous system, as well as later neurodevelopmental disorders, including mental retardation and autism. In developing brain, few studies have examined VPA effects on glial cells, particularly astrocytes. To investigate effects on primary glial precursors, we developed new cell culture and in vivo models using frontal cerebral cortex of postnatal day (P2) rat. In vitro, VPA exposure elicited dose-dependent, biphasic effects on DNA synthesis and proliferation. In vivo VPA (300 mg/kg) exposure from P2 to P4 increased both DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, affecting primarily astrocyte precursors, as >75% of mitotic cells expressed brain lipid-binding protein. Significantly, the consequence of early VPA exposure was increased astrocytes, as both S100-β+ cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein were increased in adolescent brain. Molecularly, VPA served as an HDAC inhibitor in vitro and in vivo as enhanced proliferation was accompanied by increased histone acetylation, whereas it elicited changes in culture in cell-cycle regulators, including cyclin D1 and E, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, p21 and p27. Collectively, these data suggest clinically relevant VPA exposures stimulate glial precursor proliferation, though at higher doses can elicit inhibition through differential regulation of CDK inhibitors. Because changes in glial cell functions are proposed as mechanisms contributing to neuropsychiatric disorders, these observations suggest that VPA teratogenic actions may be mediated through changes in astrocyte generation during development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 780-798, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheryl Dreyfus
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Emanuel DiCicco-Bloom
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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Li HY, Ye HG, Chen CQ, Yin LH, Wu JB, He LC, Gao SM. Honokiol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibiting class I histone deacetylases in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:287-98. [PMID: 25187418 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol, a constituent of Magnolia officinalis, has been reported to possess potent anti-cancer activity through targeting multiple signaling pathways in numerous malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be defined. Here, we report that honokiol effectively decreased enzyme activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and reduced the protein expression of class I HDACs in leukemic cells. Moreover, treatment with proteasome inhibitor MG132 prevented honokiol-induced degradation of class I HDACs. Importantly, honokiol increased the levels of p21/waf1 and Bax via triggering acetylation of histone in the regions of p21/waf1 and Bax promoter. Honokiol induced apoptosis, decreased activity of HDACs, and significantly inhibited the clonogenic activity of hematopoietic progenitors in bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients with AML. However, honokiol did not decrease the activity of HDACs and induce apoptosis in normal hematopoietic progenitors from unbilicial cord blood. Finally, honokiol dramatically reduced tumorigenicity in a xenograft leukemia model. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that honokiol has anti-leukemia activity through inhibiting HDACs. Thus, being a relative non-toxic agent, honokiol may serve as a novel natural agent for cancer prevention and therapy in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Li
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 FuXue Road, Wenzhou, 325000, China
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Vecht CJ, Kerkhof M, Duran-Pena A. Seizure prognosis in brain tumors: new insights and evidence-based management. Oncologist 2014; 19:751-9. [PMID: 24899645 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTE) is common in low- and high-grade gliomas. The risk of seizures varies between 60% and 100% among low-grade gliomas and between 40% and 60% in glioblastomas. The presence of seizures in patients with brain tumors implies favorable and unfavorable factors. New-onset seizures represent an early warning sign for the presence of a brain tumor and count as a good prognostic factor for survival. Recurrence or worsening of seizures during the course of disease may signal tumor progression. Each of the modalities for tumor control (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) contributes to seizure control. Nevertheless, one third of BTE shows pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and may severely impair the burden of living with a brain tumor. For symptomatic therapy of BTE, seizure type and individual patient factors determine the appropriate AED. Randomized controlled trials in partial epilepsy in adults to which type BTE belongs and additional studies in gliomas indicate that levetiracetam is the agent of choice, followed by valproic acid (VPA). In the case of recurring seizures, combining these two drugs (polytherapy) seems effective and possibly synergistic. If either one is not effective or not well tolerated, lacosamide, lamotrigine, or zonisamide are additional options. A new and exciting insight is the potential contribution of VPA to prolonged survival, particularly in glioblastomas. A practice guideline on symptomatic medical management including dose schedules of AEDs is supplied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Vecht
- Service Neurologie Mazarin, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Neurology, Medical Center The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Kerkhof
- Service Neurologie Mazarin, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Neurology, Medical Center The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Duran-Pena
- Service Neurologie Mazarin, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Neurology, Medical Center The Hague, The Netherlands
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Shi P, Yin T, Zhou F, Cui P, Gou S, Wang C. Valproic acid sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis by upregulating MICA and MICB via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:370. [PMID: 24885711 PMCID: PMC4076062 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is reported to exert anti-tumor effects by upregulating the expression of the natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) ligands on tumor cells; however, the mechanisms vary in different tumor types, and the effect and mechanism of action of VPA in pancreatic cancer cells are unknown. Methods The present study evaluated the effect of VPA to susceptibility of pancreatic cancer cells to the NK cell-mediated lysis in vitro and in vivo. Then we investigated the mechanism which the effect of VPA depend on. Results The lactate dehydrogenase assay (LDH) and xenograft experiment demonstrated that VPA significantly sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to NK cell-mediated lysis in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative real time- polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry demonstrated that VPA upregulated the mRNA and cell surface expression of the NKG2D ligands major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A and B (MICA and MICB) in pancreatic cancer cells. Effects of VPA both in vitro and in vivo were significantly attenuated by the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 or a siRNA targeting PI3K catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PI3KCA). Conclusion VPA enhances the susceptibility of pancreatic cancer cells to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo by upregulating the expression of MICA and MICB via a PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shanmiao Gou
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, P, R, China.
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Bezecny P. Histone deacetylase inhibitors in glioblastoma: pre-clinical and clinical experience. Med Oncol 2014; 31:985. [PMID: 24838514 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognized as a major factor contributing to pathogenesis of cancer including glioblastoma, the most common and most malignant primary brain tumour in adults. Enzymatic modifications of histone proteins regulating gene expression are being exploited for therapeutic drug targeting. Over the last decade, numerous studies have shown promising results with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in various malignancies. This article provides a brief overview of mechanism of anti-cancer effect and pharmacology of HDAC inhibitors and summarizes results from pre-clinical and clinical studies in glioblastoma. It analyses experience with HDAC inhibitors as single agents as well as in combination with targeted agents, cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Hallmark features of glioblastoma, such as uncontrolled cellular proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, have been shown to be targeted by HDAC inhibitors in experiments with glioblastoma cell lines. Vorinostat is the most advanced HDAC inhibitor that entered clinical trials in glioblastoma, showing activity in recurrent disease. Multiple phase II trials with vorinostat in combination with targeted agents, temozolomide and radiotherapy are currently recruiting. While the results from pre-clinical studies are encouraging, early clinical trials showed only modest benefit and the value of HDAC inhibitors for clinical practice will need to be confirmed in larger prospective trials. Further research in epigenetic mechanisms driving glioblastoma pathogenesis and identification of molecular subtypes of glioblastoma is needed. This will hopefully lead to better selection of patients who will benefit from treatment with HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bezecny
- Rosemere Cancer Centre, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sharoe Green Lane, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK,
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Bauman J, Shaheen M, Verschraegen CF, Belinsky SA, Houman Fekrazad M, Lee FC, Rabinowitz I, Ravindranathan M, Jones DV. A Phase I Protocol of Hydralazine and Valproic Acid in Advanced, Previously Treated Solid Cancers. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:S1936-5233(14)00020-5. [PMID: 24746712 PMCID: PMC4792814 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Smokers experience aberrant gene promoter methylation in their bronchial cells, which may predispose to the development of neoplasia. Hydralazine is a DNA demethylating agent, and valproic acid is a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and both have modest but synergistic anticancer activity in vitro. We conducted a phase I trial combining valproic acid and hydralazine to determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of hydralazine in combination with a therapeutic dose of valproic acid in patients with advanced, unresectable, and previously treated solid cancers. Twenty females and nine males were enrolled, with a median age of 57 years and a median ECOG performance status of 0. Grade 1 lymphopenia and fatigue were the most common adverse effects. Three subjects withdrew for treatment-related toxicities occurring after the DLT observation period, including testicular edema, rash, and an increase in serum lipase accompanied by hyponatremia in one subject each. A true MTD of hydralazine in combination with therapeutic doses of valproic acid was not reached in this trial, and the planned upper limit of hydralazine investigated in this combination was 400 mg/day without grade 3 or 4 toxicities. A median number of two treatment cycles were delivered. One partial response by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria was observed, and five subjects experienced stable disease for 3 to 6 months. The combination of hydralazine and valproic acid is simple, nontoxic, and might be appropriate for chemoprevention or combination with other cancer treatments. This trial supports further investigation of epigenetic modification as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bauman
- University of Pittsburg Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Monte Shaheen
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | | | | | - Fa-Chyi Lee
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | | | - Dennie V Jones
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY.
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Dodurga Y, Gundogdu G, Tekin V, Koc T, Satiroglu-Tufan NL, Bagci G, Kucukatay V. Valproic acid inhibits the proliferation of SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cancer cells by downregulating URG4/URGCP and CCND1 gene expression. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:4595-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Sonabend AM, Carminucci AS, Amendolara B, Bansal M, Leung R, Lei L, Realubit R, Li H, Karan C, Yun J, Showers C, Rothcock R, O J, Califano A, Canoll P, Bruce JN. Convection-enhanced delivery of etoposide is effective against murine proneural glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:1210-9. [PMID: 24637229 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma subtypes have been defined based on transcriptional profiling, yet personalized care based on molecular classification remains unexploited. Topoisomerase II (TOP2) contributes to the transcriptional signature of the proneural glioma subtype. Thus, we targeted TOP2 pharmacologically with etoposide in proneural glioma models. METHODS TOP2 gene expression was evaluated in mouse platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)(+)phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)(-/-)p53(-/-) and PDGF(+)PTEN(-/-) proneural gliomas and cell lines, as well as human glioblastoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Correlation between TOP2 transcript levels and etoposide susceptibility was investigated in 139 human cancer cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia public dataset and in mouse proneural glioma cell lines. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of etoposide was tested on cell-based PDGF(+)PTEN(-/-)p53(-/-) and retroviral-based PDGF(+)PTEN(-/-) mouse proneural glioma models. RESULTS TOP2 expression was significantly higher in human proneural glioblastoma and in mouse proneural tumors at early as well as late stages of development compared with normal brain. TOP2B transcript correlated with susceptibility to etoposide in mouse proneural cell lines and in 139 human cancer cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. Intracranial etoposide CED treatment (680 μM) was well tolerated by mice and led to a significant survival benefit in the PDGF(+)PTEN(-/-)p53(-/-) glioma model. Moreover, etoposide CED treatment at 80 μM but not 4 μM led to a significant survival advantage in the PDGF(+)PTEN(-/-) glioma model. CONCLUSIONS TOP2 is highly expressed in proneural gliomas, rendering its pharmacological targeting by intratumoral administration of etoposide by CED effective on murine proneural gliomas. We provide evidence supporting clinical testing of CED of etoposide with a molecular-based patient selection approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Sonabend
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Arthur S Carminucci
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Benjamin Amendolara
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Mukesh Bansal
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Richard Leung
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Liang Lei
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Ronald Realubit
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Hai Li
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Charles Karan
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Jonathan Yun
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Christopher Showers
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Robert Rothcock
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Jane O
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Califano
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Peter Canoll
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.M.S., A.S.C., B.A., R.L., J.Y., C.S., R.R., J.O, P.C., J.N.B.); Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.B., A.C.); Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Irving Research Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (L.L.); High Throughput Screening Center, Columbia University Medical Center Judith P. Sulzberger Genome Center, New York, New York (R.R., H.L., C.K.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (A.C.); Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York (A.C.)
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49
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Sassi FDA, Caesar L, Jaeger M, Nör C, Abujamra AL, Schwartsmann G, de Farias CB, Brunetto AL, Lopez PLDC, Roesler R. Inhibitory activities of trichostatin a in U87 glioblastoma cells and tumorsphere-derived cells. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 54:27-40. [PMID: 24464841 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have been increasingly implicated in glioblastoma (GBM) pathogenesis, and epigenetic modulators including histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been investigated as candidate therapies. GBMs are proposed to contain a subpopulation of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) that sustain tumor progression and therapeutic resistance and can form tumorspheres in culture. Here, we investigate the effects of the HDACi trichostatin A (TSA) in U87 GBM cultures and tumorsphere-derived cells. Using approaches that include a novel method to measure tumorsphere sizes and the area covered by spheres in GBM cultures, as well as a nuclear morphometric analysis, we show that TSA reduced proliferation and colony sizes, led to G2/M arrest, induced alterations in nuclear morphology consistent with cell senescence, and increased the protein content of GFAP, but did not affect migration, in cultured human U87 GBM cells. In cells expanded in tumorsphere assays, TSA reduced sphere formation and induced neuron-like morphological changes. The expression of stemness markers in these cells was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. These findings indicate that HDACis can inhibit proliferation, survival, and tumorsphere formation, and promote differentiation of U87 GBM cells, providing further evidence for the development of HDACis as potential therapeutics against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Almeida Sassi
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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50
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Cattaneo M, Baronchelli S, Schiffer D, Mellai M, Caldera V, Saccani GJ, Dalpra L, Daga A, Orlandi R, DeBlasio P, Biunno I. Down-modulation of SEL1L, an unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation protein, sensitizes glioma stem cells to the cytotoxic effect of valproic acid. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:2826-38. [PMID: 24311781 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.527754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), an histone deacetylase inhibitor, is emerging as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatments of gliomas by virtue of its ability to reactivate the expression of epigenetically silenced genes. VPA induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive pathway displaying a dichotomic yin yang characteristic; it initially contributes in safeguarding the malignant cell survival, whereas long-lasting activation favors a proapoptotic response. By triggering UPR, VPA might tip the balance between cellular adaptation and programmed cell death via the deregulation of protein homeostasis and induction of proteotoxicity. Here we aimed to investigate the impact of proteostasis on glioma stem cells (GSC) using VPA treatment combined with subversion of SEL1L, a crucial protein involved in homeostatic pathways, cancer aggressiveness, and stem cell state maintenance. We investigated the global expression of GSC lines untreated and treated with VPA, SEL1L interference, and GSC line response to VPA treatment by analyzing cell viability via MTT assay, neurosphere formation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress/UPR-responsive proteins. Moreover, SEL1L immunohistochemistry was performed on primary glial tumors. The results show that (i) VPA affects GSC lines viability and anchorage-dependent growth by inducing differentiative programs and cell cycle progression, (ii) SEL1L down-modulation synergy enhances VPA cytotoxic effects by influencing GSCs proliferation and self-renewal properties, and (iii) SEL1L expression is indicative of glioma proliferation rate, malignancy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress statuses. Targeting the proteostasis network in association to VPA treatment may provide an alternative approach to deplete GSC and improve glioma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cattaneo
- From the Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
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