1
|
Wang Q, Greene MI. Survivin as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1705. [PMID: 38730657 PMCID: PMC11083197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Survivin was initially identified as a member of the inhibitor apoptosis (IAP) protein family and has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis. More recent studies showed that survivin is a component of the chromosome passenger complex and acts as an essential mediator of mitotic progression. Other potential functions of survivin, such as mitochondrial function and autophagy, have also been proposed. Survivin has emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy because its overexpression has been found in most human cancers and is frequently associated with chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and poor survival rates in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how survivin mediates various aspects of malignant transformation and drug resistance, as well as the efforts that have been made to develop therapeutics targeting survivin for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mark I. Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Macharia LW, Muriithi W, Heming CP, Nyaga DK, Aran V, Mureithi MW, Ferrer VP, Pane A, Filho PN, Moura-Neto V. The genotypic and phenotypic impact of hypoxia microenvironment on glioblastoma cell lines. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1248. [PMID: 34798868 PMCID: PMC8605580 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is a fatal brain tumour with a poor patient survival outcome. Hypoxia has been shown to reprogram cells towards a stem cell phenotype associated with self-renewal and drug resistance properties. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) helps in cellular adaptation mechanisms under hypoxia. Similarly, miRNAs are known to be dysregulated in GBM have been shown to act as critical mediators of the hypoxic response and to regulate key processes involved in tumorigenesis. METHODS Glioblastoma (GBM) cells were exposed to oxygen deprivation to mimic a tumour microenvironment and different cell aspects were analysed such as morphological changes and gene expression of miRNAs and survival genes known to be associated with tumorigenesis. RESULTS It was observed that miR-128a-3p, miR-34-5p, miR-181a/b/c, were down-regulated in 6 GBM cell lines while miR-17-5p and miR-221-3p were upregulated when compared to a non-GBM control. When the same GBM cell lines were cultured under hypoxic microenvironment, a further 4-10-fold downregulation was observed for miR-34-5p, miR-128a-3p and 181a/b/c while a 3-6-fold upregulation was observed for miR-221-3p and 17-5p for most of the cells. Furthermore, there was an increased expression of SOX2 and Oct4, GLUT-1, VEGF, Bcl-2 and survivin, which are associated with a stem-like state, increased metabolism, altered angiogenesis and apoptotic escape, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows that by mimicking a tumour microenvironment, miRNAs are dysregulated, stemness factors are induced and alteration of the survival genes necessary for the cells to adapt to the micro-environmental factors occurs. Collectively, these results might contribute to GBM aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Wanjiku Macharia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Anatomia Patológica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - (PPGAP-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
| | - Wanjiru Muriithi
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (ICB-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Pilotto Heming
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (ICB-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dennis Kirii Nyaga
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Veronica Aran
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
| | | | - Valeria Pereira Ferrer
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
| | - Attilio Pane
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (ICB-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Niemeyer Filho
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Anatomia Patológica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - (PPGAP-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rua do Rezende, 156 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-092, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Localization matters: nuclear-trapped Survivin sensitizes glioblastoma cells to temozolomide by elevating cellular senescence and impairing homologous recombination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5587-5604. [PMID: 34100981 PMCID: PMC8257519 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To clarify whether differential compartmentalization of Survivin impacts temozolomide (TMZ)-triggered end points, we established a well-defined glioblastoma cell model in vitro (LN229 and A172) and in vivo, distinguishing between its nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. Expression of nuclear export sequence (NES)-mutated Survivin (SurvNESmut-GFP) led to impaired colony formation upon TMZ. This was not due to enhanced cell death but rather due to increased senescence. Nuclear-trapped Survivin reduced homologous recombination (HR)-mediated double-strand break (DSB) repair, as evaluated by γH2AX foci formation and qPCR-based HR assay leading to pronounced induction of chromosome aberrations. Opposite, clones, expressing free-shuttling cytoplasmic but not nuclear-trapped Survivin, could repair TMZ-induced DSBs and evaded senescence. Mass spectrometry-based interactomics revealed, however, no direct interaction of Survivin with any of the repair factors. The improved TMZ-triggered HR activity in Surv-GFP was associated with enhanced mRNA and stabilized RAD51 protein expression, opposite to diminished RAD51 expression in SurvNESmut cells. Notably, cytoplasmic Survivin could significantly compensate for the viability under RAD51 knockdown. Differential Survivin localization also resulted in distinctive TMZ-triggered transcriptional pathways, associated with senescence and chromosome instability as shown by global transcriptome analysis. Orthotopic LN229 xenografts, expressing SurvNESmut exhibited diminished growth and increased DNA damage upon TMZ, as manifested by PCNA and γH2AX foci expression, respectively, in brain tissue sections. Consequently, those mice lived longer. Although tumors of high-grade glioma patients expressed majorly nuclear Survivin, they exhibited rarely NES mutations which did not correlate with survival. Based on our in vitro and xenograft data, Survivin nuclear trapping would facilitate glioma response to TMZ.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan B, Xu K, Shimada R, Li J, Hayashi H, Okazaki M, Takagi N. Cytotoxic Effects of Arsenite in Combination With Gamabufotalin Against Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628914. [PMID: 33796463 PMCID: PMC8009626 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a fatal primary malignant brain tumor, and the 5-year survival rate of treated glioblastoma patients still remains <5%. Considering the sustained development of metastasis, tumor recurrence, and drug resistance, there is an urgent need for the novel therapeutic approaches to combat glioblastoma. Trivalent arsenic derivative (arsenite, AsIII) with remarkable clinical efficacy in leukemia has been shown to exert cytocidal effect against glioblastoma cells. Gamabufotalin, an active bufadienolide compound, also shows selective cytocidal effect against glioblastoma cells, and has been suggested to serve as a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent to potentiate therapeutic effect of conventional anticancer drugs. In order to gain novel insight into therapeutic approaches against glioblastoma, the cytotoxicity of AsIII and gamabufotalin was explored in the human glioblastoma cell lines U-87 and U-251. In comparison with U-251 cells, U-87 cells were highly susceptible to the two drugs, alone or in combination. More importantly, clinically achieved concentrations of AsIII combined with gamabufotalin exhibited synergistic cytotoxicity against U-87 cells, whereas showed much less cytotoxicity to human normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. G2/M cell cycle arrest was induced by each single drug, and further augmented by their combination in U-87 cells. Downregulation of the expression levels of cdc25C, Cyclin B1, cdc2, and survivin was observed in U-87 cells treated with the combined regimen and occurred in parallel with G2/M arrest. Concomitantly, lactate dehydrogenase leakage was also observed. Intriguingly, SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, intensified the cytotoxicity of the combined regimen in U-87 cells, whereas wortmannin, a potent autophagy inhibitor, significantly rescued the cells. Collectively, G2/M arrest, necrosis and autophagy appeared to cooperatively contribute to the synergistic cytotoxicity of AsIII and gamabufotalin. Given that p38 MAPK serves an essential role in promoting glioblastoma cell survival, developing a possible strategy composed of AsIII, gamabufotalin, and a p38 MAPK inhibitor may provide novel insight into approaches designed to combat glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Japan.,Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Kang Xu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Ryota Shimada
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - JingZhe Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Research of Chinese Medicine on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Mari Okazaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Japan
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong H, Wang Q, Li N, Lv J, Ge L, Yang M, Zhang G, An Y, Wang F, Xie L, Li Y, Zhu W, Zhang H, Zhang M, Guo X. OSgbm: An Online Consensus Survival Analysis Web Server for Glioblastoma. Front Genet 2020; 10:1378. [PMID: 32153627 PMCID: PMC7046682 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system. GBM causes poor clinical outcome and high mortality rate, mainly due to the lack of effective targeted therapy and prognostic biomarkers. Here, we developed a user-friendly Online Survival analysis web server for GlioBlastoMa, abbreviated OSgbm, to assess the prognostic value of candidate genes. Currently, OSgbm contains 684 samples with transcriptome profiles and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). The survival analysis results can be graphically presented by Kaplan-Meier (KM) plot with Hazard ratio (HR) and log-rank p value. As demonstration, the prognostic value of 51 previously reported survival associated biomarkers, such as PROM1 (HR = 2.4120, p = 0.0071) and CXCR4 (HR = 1.5578, p < 0.001), were confirmed in OSgbm. In summary, OSgbm allows users to evaluate and develop prognostic biomarkers of GBM. The web server of OSgbm is available at http://bioinfo.henu.edu.cn/GBM/GBMList.jsp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Dong
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiajia Lv
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Linna Ge
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengsi Yang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guosen Zhang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Longxiang Xie
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Xiangqian Guo
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Down-regulation of 14-3-3zeta reduces proliferation and
increases apoptosis in human glioblastoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:399-411. [DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
7
|
Topyalin N, Budak M, Ozbay N, Yildiz M, Kaner T, Aydin A, Gezen AF. A comparative histopathological and immunohistochemical study of Survivin and Ki-67 proteins in glial tumours. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1591931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Topyalin
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Budak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nurver Ozbay
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yildiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Kaner
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Aydin
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ferruh Gezen
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han L, Yuan B, Shimada R, Hayashi H, Si N, Zhao HY, Bian B, Takagi N. Cytocidal effects of arenobufagin and hellebrigenin, two active bufadienolide compounds, against human glioblastoma cell line U-87. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2488-2502. [PMID: 30272276 PMCID: PMC6203163 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal intracranial tumor type, characterized by high angiogenic and infiltrative capacities. To provide a novel insight into therapeutic strategies against glioblastoma, the cytotoxicity of arenobufagin and hellebrigenin was investigated in the human glioblastoma cell line, U-87. Similar dose-dependent cytotoxicity was observed in the cells, whereas no detectable toxicity was confirmed in mouse primary astrocytes. Treatment with each drug downregulated the expression levels of Cdc25C, Cyclin B1 and survivin, which occurred in parallel with G2/M phase arrest. Necrotic-like cell death was only observed in the cells treated with a relatively high concentration (>100 ng/ml). These results indicate that the two drugs exhibited distinct cytotoxicity against cancerous glial cells with high potency and selectivity, suggesting that growth inhibition associated with G2/M phase arrest and/or necrosis were attributed to their toxicities. Activation of the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was also observed in treated cells. Notably, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, SB203580, itself caused a significant decrease in cell viability, and further enhanced the cytotoxicity of the two drugs, suggesting an important pro-survival role for p38 MAPK. Given that p38 MAPK serves an essential role in promoting glioblastoma cell survival, developing a novel combination regimen of arenobufagin/hellebrigenin plus a p38 MAPK inhibitor may improve the efficacy of the two drugs, and may provide more therapeutic benefits to patients with glioblastoma. The qualitative assessment demonstrated the existence of arenobufagin in the cerebrospinal fluid of arenobufagin-treated rats, supporting its clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Han
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ryota Shimada
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhenjiang L, Rao M, Luo X, Valentini D, von Landenberg A, Meng Q, Sinclair G, Hoffmann N, Karbach J, Altmannsberger HM, Jäger E, Peredo IH, Dodoo E, Maeurer M. Cytokine Networks and Survivin Peptide-Specific Cellular Immune Responses Predict Improved Survival in Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme. EBioMedicine 2018; 33:49-56. [PMID: 30049387 PMCID: PMC6085502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated serum cytokine and T-cell responses directed against tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) in association with survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral blood from 205 treatment-naïve patients with glioma (GBM = 145; non-GBM = 60) was obtained on the day of surgery to measure (i) circulating T-cells reacting to viral antigens and TAAs, in the presence or absence of cytokine conditioning with IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 or IL-2/IL-7, and (ii) serum cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17A). Patients were followed-up for at least 1000 days post-surgery. Survivin protein and gene expression in resected GBM tumour tissue were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Antigen-specific T-cell responses were gauged by ICS (intracellular cytokine production). Associations between patient survival and immunological reactivity patterns were analysed using univariate and multivariate statistics. RESULTS Approximately 2% of patients with GBM and 18% of patients with non-GBM glioma, were alive beyond 1000 days of surgery. Univariate analysis indicated that the combination of three cytokines (IL-4/IL-5/IL-6, p = .0022; IFN-γ/TNF-α/IL-17A, p = .0083) but not a 'partial' combination of these cytokines, the IFN-γ immune response to EBV-EBNA-1 (p < .0001) as well as T-cell responses to the survivin97-111 peptide (p = .0152) correlated with longer survival among patients with GBM. Multivariate analysis identified survivin97-111-directed IFN-γ production with IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 conditioning (p = .024), and the combined presence of serum IFN-γ/TNF-α/IL-17a (p = .003) as independent predictors of survival. CONCLUSION Serum cytokine patterns and lymphocyte reactivity to survivin97-111, particularly with IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21 conditioning may be instrumental in predicting survival among patients with GBM. This has implications for clinical follow-up of patients with GBM and the targeted development of immunotherapy for patients with CNS tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhenjiang
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Rao
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaohua Luo
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Davide Valentini
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna von Landenberg
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingda Meng
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georges Sinclair
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Hoffmann
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Karbach
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | - Elke Jäger
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Inti Harvey Peredo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ernest Dodoo
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the prognostic role of survivin in patients with glioma through performing a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for potentially eligible literature. The study characteristics and relevant data were extracted. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the prognostic role of survivin in patients with glioma. RESULTS Sixteen studies with 1260 patients were included. The pooled HR of higher survivin expression for overall survival was 1.96 (95% CI, 1.57-2.45). The pooled HRs of higher survivin expression for progression- and disease-free survival were 1.62 (95% CI, 0.91-2.90) and 2.41 (95% CI, 0.98-5.90), respectively. Subgroup analyses were also performed. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that higher survivin expression was associated with worse overall survival in patients with glioma. The findings may assist future exploration on pathogenesis, diagnosis, anti-survivin therapy, and prognosis in glioma. However, due to the limited study number, more studies are warranted to verify our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunfu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, The First People's Hospital of Yibin
| | - Changwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, The First People's Hospital of Yibin
| | - Yanlin Song
- West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, The First People's Hospital of Yibin
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, The First People's Hospital of Yibin
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yen CS, Choy CS, Huang WJ, Huang SW, Lai PY, Yu MC, Shiue C, Hsu YF, Hsu MJ. A Novel Hydroxamate-Based Compound WMJ-J-09 Causes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Death via LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK-p63-Survivin Cascade. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:167. [PMID: 29545751 PMCID: PMC5837967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that hydroxamate-based compounds exhibit broad-spectrum pharmacological properties including anti-tumor activity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying hydroxamate derivative-induced cancer cell death remain incomplete understood. In this study, we explored the anti-tumor mechanisms of a novel aliphatic hydroxamate-based compound, WMJ-J-09, in FaDu head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. WMJ-J-09 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in FaDu cells. These actions were associated with liver kinase B1 (LKB1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation, transcription factor p63 phosphorylation, as well as modulation of p21 and survivin. LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK signaling blockade reduced WMJ-J-09’s enhancing effects in p63 phosphorylation, p21 elevation and survivin reduction. Moreover, WMJ-J-09 caused an increase in α-tubulin acetylation and interfered with microtubule assembly. Furthermore, WMJ-J-09 suppressed the growth of subcutaneous FaDu xenografts in vivo. Taken together, WMJ-J-09-induced FaDu cell death may involve LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK-p63-survivin signaling cascade. HDACs inhibition and disruption of microtubule assembly may also contribute to WMJ-J-09’s actions in FaDu cells. This study suggests that WMJ-J-09 may be a potential lead compound and warrant the clinical development in the treatment of HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Yen
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Sing Choy
- Department of Emergency, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Community Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ye Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Shiue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Faccion RS, Bernardo PS, de Lopes GPF, Bastos LS, Teixeira CL, de Oliveira JA, Fernandes PV, Dubois LG, Chimelli L, Maia RC. p53 expression and subcellular survivin localization improve the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with diffuse astrocytic tumors. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:141-157. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
13
|
Mazur J, Roy K, Kanwar JR. Recent advances in nanomedicine and survivin targeting in brain cancers. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 13:105-137. [PMID: 29161215 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain cancer is a highly lethal disease, especially devastating toward both the elderly and children. This cancer has no therapeutics available to combat it, predominately due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) preventing treatments from maintaining therapeutic levels within the brain. Recently, nanoparticle technology has entered the forefront of cancer therapy due to its ability to deliver therapeutic effects while potentially passing physiological barriers. Key nanoparticles for brain cancer treatment include glutathione targeted PEGylated liposomes, gold nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and nanoparticle-albumin bound drugs, with these being discussed throughout this review. Recently, the survivin protein has gained attention as it is over-expressed in a majority of tumors. This review will briefly discuss the properties of survivin, while focusing on how both nanoparticles and survivin-targeting treatments hold potential as brain cancer therapies. This review may provide useful insight into new brain cancer treatment options, particularly survivin inhibition and nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Mazur
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (CMMR), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong VIC 3217, Australia
| | - Kislay Roy
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (CMMR), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong VIC 3217, Australia
| | - Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (CMMR), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong VIC 3217, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chuang YF, Huang SW, Hsu YF, Yu MC, Ou G, Huang WJ, Hsu MJ. WMJ-8-B, a novel hydroxamate derivative, induces MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell death via the SHP-1-STAT3-survivin cascade. Br J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28646512 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been demonstrate to have broad-spectrum anti-tumour properties and have attracted lots of attention in the field of drug discovery. However, the underlying anti-tumour mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors remain incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to characterize the underlying mechanisms through which the novel hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitor, WMJ-8-B, induces the death of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of WMJ-8-B on cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and signalling molecules were analysed by the MTT assay, flowcytometric analysis, immunoblotting, reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis and use of siRNAs. A xenograft model was used to determine anti-tumour effects of WMJ-8-B in vivo. KEY RESULTS WMJ-8-B induced survivin reduction, G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. STAT3 phosphorylation, transactivity and its binding to the survivin promoter region were reduced in WMJ-8-B-treated cells. WMJ-8-B activated the protein phosphatase SHP-1 and when SHP-1 signalling was blocked, the effects of WMJ-8-B on STAT3 phosphorylation and survivin levels were abolished. However, WMJ-8-B increased the transcription factor Sp1 binding to the p21 promoter region and enhanced p21 levels. Moreover, WMJ-8-B induced α-tubulin acetylation and disrupted microtubule assembly. Inhibition of HDACs was shown to contribute to WMJ-8-B's actions. Furthermore, WMJ-8-B suppressed the growth of MDA-MB-231 xenografts in mammary fat pads in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The SHP-1-STAT3-survivin and Sp1-p21 cascades are involved in WMJ-8-B-induced MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell death. These results also indicate the potential of WMJ-8-B as a lead compound for treatment of breast cancer and warrant its clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George Ou
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang F, Chu J, Wang F. Expression and clinical significance of cyclooxygenase 2 and survivin in human gliomas. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1303-1308. [PMID: 28789345 PMCID: PMC5529877 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and survivin expression levels in glioma tissues, and to investigate their association with clinicopathological factors and patient survival. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate COX-2 and survivin expression levels in paraffin-embedded surgically resected tissues from 70 patients with glioma and 7 individuals with normal brain tissues. The association between COX-2 and survivin expression levels and clinicopathological features was investigated using the χ2 test, and the survival time was analyzed using the Kaplan Meier method with log-rank test. COX-2 and survivin were overexpressed in glioma tissues, and higher expression levels were observed in glioma tissues of histological grades III–IV compared with those in grade I–II tumor tissues (P<0.05); however, the expression levels were not associated with gender, age, tumor size or location (P>0.05). There was a significant positive association between the expression levels of COX-2 and survivin in the glioma tissues. Additionally, COX-2 and survivin expression levels were significantly negatively correlated with the rate of survival. In conclusion, COX-2 and survivin expression is positively associated with the pathological grade of a glioma and may contribute to glioma tumorigenesis. Therefore, COX-2 and survivin may be sensitive predictors of a negative clinical prognosis for patients with glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Chu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Saito T, Sugiyama K, Takeshima Y, Amatya VJ, Yamasaki F, Takayasu T, Nosaka R, Muragaki Y, Kawamata T, Kurisu K. Prognostic implications of the subcellular localization of survivin in glioblastomas treated with radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. J Neurosurg 2017; 128:679-684. [PMID: 28430038 DOI: 10.3171/2016.11.jns162326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, the standard treatment protocol for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery, radiotherapy, and concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). Various prognostic biomarkers for GBM have been described, including survivin expression. The aim of this study was to determine whether the subcellular localization of survivin correlates with GBM prognosis in patients who received the standard treatment protocol. METHODS The authors retrospectively examined the subcellular localization of survivin (nuclear, cytoplasmic, or both) using immunohistochemistry in 50 patients with GBM who had received the standard treatment. The relationship between survivin localization and overall survival (OS) was assessed with uni- and multivariate analyses including other clinicopathological factors (age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale [KPS] score, extent of resection, the use of second-line bevacizumab, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase [MGMT] status, and MIB-1 labeling index). RESULTS Log-rank tests revealed that patient age, KPS score, extent of resection, MGMT status, and survivin localization (p < 0.0001) significantly correlated with OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that patient age, MGMT status, and survivin localization significantly correlated with OS. Patients with nuclear localization of survivin had a significantly shorter OS than those in whom survivin expression was exclusively cytoplasmic (median OS 19.5 vs 31.7 months, respectively, HR 5.690, 95% CI 2.068-17.612, p = 0.0006). There was no significant difference in OS between patents whose survivin expression was exclusively nuclear or nuclear/cytoplasmic. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear expression of survivin is a factor for a poor prognosis in GBM patients. Subcellular localization of survivin can help to predict OS in GBM patients treated with the standard protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiichi Saito
- Departments of1Neurosurgery and.,4Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo,Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sugiyama
- 2Department of Clinical Oncology and Neuro-oncology Program, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima; and
| | - Yukio Takeshima
- 3Pathology, Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science
| | - Vishwa Jeet Amatya
- 3Pathology, Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science
| | | | | | | | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo,Japan
| | - Takakazu Kawamata
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo,Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gersey ZC, Rodriguez GA, Barbarite E, Sanchez A, Walters WM, Ohaeto KC, Komotar RJ, Graham RM. Curcumin decreases malignant characteristics of glioblastoma stem cells via induction of reactive oxygen species. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:99. [PMID: 28160777 PMCID: PMC5292151 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal form of primary brain tumor in adults. Following standard treatment of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, patients are expected to survive 12–14 months. Theorized cause of disease recurrence in these patients is tumor cell repopulation through the proliferation of treatment-resistant cancer stem cells. Current research has revealed curcumin, the principal ingredient in turmeric, can modulate multiple signaling pathways important for cancer stem cell self-renewal and survival. Methods Following resection, tumor specimens were dissociated and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) were propagated in neurosphere media and characterized via immunocytochemistry. Cell viability was determined with MTS assay. GSC proliferation, sphere forming and colony forming assays were conducted through standard counting methods. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was examined using the fluorescent molecular probe CM-H2DCFA. Effects on cell signaling pathways were elucidated by western blot. Results We evaluate the effects of curcumin on patient-derived GSC lines. We demonstrate a curcumin-induced dose-dependent decrease in GSC viability with an approximate IC50 of 25 μM. Treatment with sub-toxic levels (2.5 μM) of curcumin significantly decreased GSC proliferation, sphere forming ability and colony forming potential. Curcumin induced ROS, promoted MAPK pathway activation, downregulated STAT3 activity and IAP family members. Inhibition of ROS with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reversed these effects indicating a ROS dependent mechanism. Conclusions Discoveries made in this investigation may lead to a non-toxic intervention designed to prevent recurrence in glioblastoma by targeting glioblastoma stem cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3058-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Gersey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gregor A Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Barbarite
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony Sanchez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Winston M Walters
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kelechi C Ohaeto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Brain Tumor Initiative (UMBTI) Research Laboratory, Lois Pope LIFE Center, 2nd Floor, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Varughese RK, Skjulsvik AJ, Torp SH. Prognostic value of survivin and DNA topoisomerase IIα in diffuse and anaplastic astrocytomas. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:339-347. [PMID: 28214203 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Distinguishing WHO grade II astrocytomas from grade III is a difficult task. This study looks into the potential prognostic use of mitotic activity and the proliferation markers Ki67/MiB-1 (Ki67), survivin and DNA topoisomerase IIα (TIIα) in 59 WHO grade II diffuse astrocytomas (DA) and 33 WHO grade III anaplastic astrocytomas (AA), IDH1 R132H-mutated and not otherwise specified (NOS) by means of immunohistochemistry. All proliferation markers showed higher expression in AA compared with DA. Only Ki67 had significantly greater expression in astrocytomas, NOS vs. astrocytomas, IDH1-mutated. Uni-/multivariable COX-regression analyses showed that greater expression of both survivin and TIIα were associated with poorer survival when stratified for IDH1-mutation status and, additionally, achieved hazard rates surpassing clinically established prognostic factors such as age and WHO performance status. Ki67 achieved only statistical significance in univariable analyses, whereas mitoses did not reveal any relation to survival. IDH1-mutated astrocytomas had significantly better survival than astrocytomas, NOS. Among IDH1-mutated astrocytomas no significant difference in survival was shown between DA and AA. Our findings suggest a potential usefulness of proliferation markers in the prognostic setting of astrocytomas independent of IDH1-mutation status, and survivin and TIIα are potential candidates in that regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Varughese
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - A J Skjulsvik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S H Torp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Varughese RK, Torp SH. Survivin and gliomas: A literature review. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1679-1686. [PMID: 27588117 PMCID: PMC4998142 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor, the diagnosis of which is challenging. In this respect, the use of immunohistochemical proliferation markers may aid diagnosis; survivin, also known as Baculoviral IAP Repeat Containing 5, is one such marker. Survivin is a unique member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein gene family, and is known for its dual function as an apoptosis inhibitor and mitosis regulator. Furthermore, survivin has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in a number of malignancies. The purpose of the present literature review was to gain an overview of studies published on the diagnostic and/or prognostic use of survivin in gliomas. Using PubMed, 19 studies matching the inclusion criteria were ultimately included in the present review. The majority of the studies identified revealed that survivin was significantly associated with other proliferation markers, histological malignancy grade, and inversely associated with prognosis. However, there were a number of inconsistencies between studies, which suggests a requirement for standardization of immunohistochemical procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosilin Kotakkathu Varughese
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Helge Torp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics, St. Olavs Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Survivin, caspase-3 and MIB-1 expression in astrocytic tumors of various grades. Adv Med Sci 2016; 61:237-243. [PMID: 26995334 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. The etiology is still unclear and the progression from low to high-grade gliomas is frequent. The molecular mechanisms are quite established, however the heterogeneity of glioblastomas force the scientist to look for the new therapeutic targets. The aim of the study was to evaluate the caspase-3 and survivin expression in correlation with MIB-1 expression in gliomas of various grade to assess the apoptosis in gliomas and to determinate new possible targets for the future therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We identified 131 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of astrocytic tumors (diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma). The evaluation of caspase-3, survivin and MIB-1 expression was done using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS Caspase-3 and survivin expression was observed both in low- and high-grade astrocytomas. The differences in expression were the most evident in glioblastoma group. All primary glioblastomas (31 cases) expressed caspase-3. In secondary glioblastoma group only 17 out of 30 specimens were positive for caspase-3. Survivin expression was observed in 80.6% primary glioblastomas and in all examined secondary glioblastomas and the staining was strong and diffuse in all cases. MIB-1 expression was low in diffuse astrocytomas (DA) and ranged between 1 and 5%. In anaplastic astrocytoma group it was ranged between 5 and 10% and the highest percentage of the positive cells was observed in glioblastoma cases and ranged from 10% even to 30%. The most evident MIB-1 expression was observed in the cells surrounding the pathological blood vessels and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of survivin and caspase-3 expression in diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma cases may suggest, that the regulation between pro- and antiapoptotic proteins may play an important role in tumor growth and progression. The overexpression of survivin and MIB-1 expression in glioblastoma cases also may confirm the theory about the important role of anti-apoptotic and proliferation processes in glioblastoma progression and as such may be potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yen CS, Chen JC, Chang YF, Hsu YF, Chiu PT, Shiue C, Chuang YF, Ou G, Hsu MJ. Lovastatin causes FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell death via AMPK-p63-survivin signaling cascade. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25082. [PMID: 27122225 PMCID: PMC4848532 DOI: 10.1038/srep25082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are used widely to lower serum cholesterol and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence shows that statins also exhibit beneficial effects against cancers. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in lovastatin-induced cell death in Fadu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Lovastatin caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in FaDu cells. Lovastatin increased p21cip/Waf1 level while the survivin level was decreased in the presence of lovastatin. Survivin siRNA reduced cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in FaDu cells. Lovastatin induced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transcription factor p63. Lovastatin also caused p63 acetylation and increased p63 binding to survivin promoter region in FaDu cells. AMPK-p38MAPK signaling blockade abrogated lovastatin-induced p63 phosphorylation. Lovastatin’s enhancing effect on p63 acetylation was reduced in HDAC3- or HDAC4- transfected cells. Moreover, transfection of cells with AMPK dominant negative mutant (AMPK-DN), HDAC3, HDAC4 or p63 siRNA significantly reduced lovastatin’s effects on p21cip/Waf1 and survivin. Furthermore, lovastatin inhibited subcutaneous FaDu xenografts growth in vivo. Taken together, lovastatin may activate AMPK-p38MAPK-p63-survivin cascade to cause FaDu cell death. This study establishes, at least in part, the signaling cascade by which lovastatin induces hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Yen
- Department of General Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chien Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ting Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Shiue
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George Ou
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of the central nervous system, and carry a grim prognosis. Novel approaches utilizing the immune system as adjuvant therapy are quickly emerging as viable and effective options. Immunotherapeutic strategies being investigated to treat glioblastoma include: vaccination therapy targeted against either specific tumor antigens or whole tumor lysate, adoptive cellular therapy with cytotoxic T lymphocytes, chimeric antigen receptors and bi-specific T-cell engaging antibodies allowing circumvention of major histocompatibility complex restriction, aptamer therapy with aims for more efficient target delivery, and checkpoint blockade in order to release the tumor-mediated inhibition of the immune system. Given the heterogeneity of glioblastoma and its ability to gain mutations throughout the disease course, multifaceted treatment strategies utilizing multiple forms of immunotherapy in combination with conventional therapy will be most likely to succeed moving forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon D Liebelt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Department of Neuro-oncology, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The effects of a novel aliphatic-chain hydroxamate derivative WMJ-S-001 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cell death. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15900. [PMID: 26510776 PMCID: PMC4625135 DOI: 10.1038/srep15900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxamate derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their broad pharmacological properties and have been extensively investigated. We recently demonstrated that WMJ-S-001, a novel aliphatic hydroxamate derivative, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms by which WMJ-S-001 induces HCT116 colorectal cancer cell death. WMJ-S-001 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HCT116 cells. These actions were associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, p53 phosphorylation and acetylation, as well as the modulation of p21(cip/Waf1), cyclin D1, survivin and Bax. AMPK-p38MAPK signaling blockade reduced WMJ-S-001-induced p53 phosphorylation. Transfection with AMPK dominant negative mutant (DN) reduced WMJ-S-001's effects on p53 and Sp1 binding to the survivn promoter region. Transfection with HDAC3-Flag or HDAC4-Flag also abrogated WMJ-S-001's enhancing effect on p53 acetylation. WMJ-S-001's actions on p21(cip/Waf1), cyclin D1, survivin, Bax were reduced in p53-null HCT116 cells. Furthermore, WMJ-S-001 was shown to suppress the growth of subcutaneous xenografts of HCT116 cells in vivo. In summary, the death of HCT116 colorectal cancer cells exposed to WMJ-S-001 may involve AMPK-p38MAPK-p53-survivin cascade. These results support the role of WMJ-S-001 as a potential drug candidate and warrant the clinical development in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Miao C, Wang Z, He X, Shen W. Survivin small interfering RNA suppresses glioblastoma growth by inducing cellular apoptosis. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:924-31. [PMID: 25722677 PMCID: PMC4341288 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A survivin small interfering RNA sequence specific for a human and mouse homogenous sequence was constructed. Survivin small interfering RNA could significantly inhibit glioma cell proliferation and induce apoptosis when it was transfected into either a human glioma cell line U251 or rat glioma C6 cells in vitro. In addition, treatment of rat orthotopic glioma models with survivin small interfering demonstrated the inhibition of glioma growth in vivo. Our experimental findings suggest that the use of RNA interference techniques to target the survivin sequence may be useful in the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Liu
- Beihua University Faculty of Medicine, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunming Miao
- Beihua University Faculty of Medicine, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenjiang Wang
- Beihua University Faculty of Medicine, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin He
- Beihua University Faculty of Medicine, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Weigao Shen
- Beihua University Faculty of Medicine, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brun SN, Markant SL, Esparza LA, Garcia G, Terry D, Huang JM, Pavlyukov MS, Li XN, Grant GA, Crawford JR, Levy ML, Conway EM, Smith LH, Nakano I, Berezov A, Greene MI, Wang Q, Wechsler-Reya RJ. Survivin as a therapeutic target in Sonic hedgehog-driven medulloblastoma. Oncogene 2014; 34:3770-9. [PMID: 25241898 PMCID: PMC4369477 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant brain tumor that occurs primarily in children. Although surgery, radiation and high-dose chemotherapy have led to increased survival, many MB patients still die from their disease, and patients who survive suffer severe long-term side effects as a consequence of treatment. Thus, more effective and less toxic therapies for MB are critically important. Development of such therapies depends in part on identification of genes that are necessary for growth and survival of tumor cells. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein that regulates cell cycle progression and resistance to apoptosis, is frequently expressed in human MB and when expressed at high levels predicts poor clinical outcome. Therefore, we hypothesized that Survivin may have a critical role in growth and survival of MB cells and that targeting it may enhance MB therapy. Here we show that Survivin is overexpressed in tumors from patched (Ptch) mutant mice, a model of Sonic hedgehog (SHH)-driven MB. Genetic deletion of survivin in Ptch mutant tumor cells significantly inhibits proliferation and causes cell cycle arrest. Treatment with small-molecule antagonists of Survivin impairs proliferation and survival of both murine and human MB cells. Finally, Survivin antagonists impede growth of MB cells in vivo. These studies highlight the importance of Survivin in SHH-driven MB, and suggest that it may represent a novel therapeutic target in patients with this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Brun
- 1] Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (SBMRI), La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA [3] Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S L Markant
- 1] Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (SBMRI), La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA [3] Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - L A Esparza
- 1] Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (SBMRI), La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G Garcia
- Histopathology Core SBMRI, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D Terry
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, SBMRI, Lake Nona, FL, USA
| | - J-M Huang
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M S Pavlyukov
- 1] Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA [2] James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - X-N Li
- Brain Tumor Program, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G A Grant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University/Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J R Crawford
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA [2] Departments of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA [3] Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M L Levy
- 1] Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - E M Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L H Smith
- 1] Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, SBMRI, Lake Nona, FL, USA [2] Cardiopathobiology Program, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Lake Nona, FL, USA
| | - I Nakano
- 1] Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA [2] James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Berezov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M I Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Q Wang
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R J Wechsler-Reya
- 1] Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (SBMRI), La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA [3] Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qin Q, Cheng H, Lu J, Zhan L, Zheng J, Cai J, Yang X, Xu L, Zhu H, Zhang C, Liu J, Ma J, Zhang X, Dai S, Sun X. Small-molecule survivin inhibitor YM155 enhances radiosensitization in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by the abrogation of G2 checkpoint and suppression of homologous recombination repair. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:62. [PMID: 25139395 PMCID: PMC4237864 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survivin is overexpressed in cancer cells and plays a crucial role in apoptosis evasion. YM155, a small-molecule inhibitor of survivin, could enhance the cytotoxicity of various DNA-damaging agents. Here, we evaluated the radiosensitizaion potential of YM155 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Cell viability was determined by CCK8 assay. The radiosensitization effect of YM155 was evaluated by clonogenic survival and progression of tumor xenograft. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Radiation-induced DNA double strand break (DSB) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) were detected by the staining of γ-H2AX and RAD51, respectively. Expression of survivin and cell cycle regulators was detected by Western blot analysis. Results YM155 induced radiosensitization in ESCC cell lines Eca109 and TE13, associated with the abrogation of radiation induced G2/M checkpoint, impaired Rad51 focus formation, and the prolongation of γ-H2AX signaling. G2/M transition markers, including the activation of cyclinB1/Cdc2 kinase and the suppression of Cdc2 Thr14/Tyr15 phosphorylation were induced by YM155 in irradiated cells. The combination of YM155 plus irradiation delayed the growth of ESCC tumor xenografts to a greater extent compared with either treatment modality alone. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the abrogation of G2 checkpoint and the inhibition of HRR contribute to radiosensitization by YM155 in ESCC cells.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lv S, Dai C, Liu Y, Shi R, Tang Z, Han M, Bian R, Sun B, Wang R. The impact of survivin on prognosis and clinicopathology of glioma patients: a systematic meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1462-7. [PMID: 25063470 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Up to now, survivin has been recommended as a prognostic and diagnostic indicator in glioma patients. However, there are still many controversies. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to draw a more definitive conclusion on the correlation of survivin with overall survival (OS), age, gender, and WHO grade. Eligible studies were available through careful assessment, and then pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. Funnel plots were introduced to evaluate the publication bias. Additionally, heterogeneity and sensitivity were also evaluated. In the present meta-analysis, 15 eligible studies with a total of 1,089 patients were incorporated. Survivin expression in gliomas correlated with 2-year OS (n = 8; HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26) and 5-year OS (n = 7; HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.22) in patients. In addition, a fixed-effect model revealed a significant association between survivin and age (male/+; OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.44-3.05) and survivin and WHO grade (I+II/+; OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.19-0.38). No heterogeneity was observed across all studies. According to Begg's and Egger's test and funnel plot, no publication bias was reported. Taken together, our meta-analysis suggests that survivin expression is associated with poor survival, older age, and higher WHO grade and could be suggested as a useful prognostic and diagnostic biomarker, or an effective therapy target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunzeng Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is one of the most cancer-specific proteins identified to date. Survivin expression is low or undetectable in most adult tissues, but, alternatively, is overexpressed in a large number of tumors. This multifunctional protein is recognized as a key regulator in apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis in the tumor environment. Several studies have shown a correlation between survivin upregulation and poor cancer prognosis, and, as expected, its downregulation or inactivation leads to inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, survivin has attracted increasing attention both as a potential cancer biomarker and as a new target for anticancer therapies. This review summarizes and discusses survivin expression and its potential as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in different types of tumors, as well as provides an overview of the current therapeutic challenges of targeting survivin as a treatment strategy.
Collapse
|
29
|
Survivin as a preferential target for cancer therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:2494-516. [PMID: 24531137 PMCID: PMC3958864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15022494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is typically a consequence of imbalance between cell death and proliferation in a way favorable to cell proliferation and survival. Most conventional cancer therapies are based on targeting rapidly growing cancerous cells to block growth or enhance cell death, thereby, restoring the balance between these processes. In many instances, malignancies that develop resistance to current treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy often present the greatest challenge in subsequent management of the patient. Studies have shown that under normal circumstances, cells utilize different death mechanisms, such as apoptosis (programmed cell death), autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and necrosis to maintain homeostasis and physiological integrity of the organism, but these processes often appear to be altered in cancer. Thus, in recent years developing various strategies for administration of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics in combination with apoptosis-sensitizing reagents is receiving more emphasis. Here, we review the properties of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family and the clinical feasibility and anti-cancer potential of drugs targeting this protein. We also discuss some key points and concerns that should be taken into consideration while developing drugs that target apoptotic proteins, such as survivin.
Collapse
|
30
|
Alexander BM, Ligon KL, Wen PY. Enhancing radiation therapy for patients with glioblastoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 13:569-81. [PMID: 23617348 DOI: 10.1586/era.13.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy has been the foundation of therapy following maximal surgical resection in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma for decades and the primary therapy for unresected tumors. Using the standard approach with radiation and temozolomide, however, outcomes are poor, and glioblastoma remains an incurable disease with the majority of recurrences and progression within the radiation treatment field. As such, there is much interest in elucidating the mechanisms of resistance to radiation therapy and in developing novel approaches to overcoming this treatment resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Alexander
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, 75 Francis Street, ASB1-L2, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Necochea-Campion RD, Chen CS, Mirshahidi S, Howard FD, Wall NR. Clinico-pathologic relevance of Survivin splice variant expression in cancer. Cancer Lett 2013; 339:167-74. [PMID: 23791888 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family and has multifunctional properties that include aspects of proliferation, invasion and cell survival control. Survivin is a promising candidate for targeted cancer therapy as its expression is associated with poor clinical outcome, more aggressive clinico-pathologic features, and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. In the present review the different properties of the Survivin splice variants are discussed and their activities correlated with different aspects of cancer cell biology, to include subcellular location. Special emphasis is placed on our current understanding of these Survivin splice variants influence on each other and on the phenotypic responses to therapy that they may control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia de Necochea-Campion
- Cancer Center & Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology & Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chaudhry NS, Shah AH, Ferraro N, Snelling BM, Bregy A, Madhavan K, Komotar RJ. Predictors of long-term survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme: advancements from the last quarter century. Cancer Invest 2013; 31:287-308. [PMID: 23614654 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2013.789899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the last quarter century there has been significant progress toward identifying certain characteristics and patterns in GBM patients to predict survival times and outcomes. We sought to identify clinical predictors of survival in GBM patients from the past 24 years. We examined patient survival related to tumor locations, surgical treatment, postoperative course, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, patient age, GBM recurrence, imaging characteristics, serum, and molecular markers. We present predictors that may increase, decrease, or play no significant role in determining a GBM patient's long-term survival or affect the quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nauman S Chaudhry
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chang HL, Chen CY, Hsu YF, Kuo WS, Ou G, Chiu PT, Huang YH, Hsu MJ. Simvastatin induced HCT116 colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through p38MAPK-p53-survivin signaling cascade. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4053-64. [PMID: 23583370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors with cholesterol-lowering properties, were recently shown to exhibit anti-cancer effects. However, the molecular mechanism underlying statin-induced cancer cell death remains to be elucidated. Elevated level of survivin is often found over-expressed in human cancers and has been implicated in the progression of tumorigenesis. Given its central role in cell division and action as an apoptosis suppressor, survivin represents a potential molecular target in cancer management. METHODS In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms in simvastatin-induced HCT116 colorectal cancer cell apoptosis. RESULTS Simvastatin decreased cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in HCT116 cells. These results are associated with the modulation of p21(cip/Waf1) and survivin. Survivin knockdown using survivin siRNAs also decreased cell viability and induced cell apoptosis. Simvastatin's actions on p21(cip/Waf1), survivin and apoptosis were reduced in p53 null HCT116 cells. Simvastatin caused an increase in p53 phosphorylation and acetylation. In addition, simvastatin activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), whereas an inhibitor of p38MAPK signaling abrogated simvastatin's effects of increasing p53 and p21(cip/Waf1) promoter luciferase activity. Cell viability and survivin promoter luciferase activity in the presence of simvastatin were also restored by p38MAPK inhibitor. Furthermore, Sp1 binding to the survivin promoter region decreased while p53 and p63 binding to the promoter region increased after simvastatin exposure. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin activates the p38MAPK-p53-survivin cascade to cause HCT116 colorectal cancer cell apoptosis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study delineates, in part, the underlying mechanisms of simvastatin in decreasing survivin and subsequent colorectal cancer cell apoptosis.
Collapse
|
34
|
Televantou D, Karkavelas G, Hytiroglou P, Lampaki S, Iliadis G, Selviaridis P, Polyzoidis KS, Fountzilas G, Kotoula V. DARPP32, STAT5 and STAT3 mRNA expression ratios in glioblastomas are associated with patient outcome. Pathol Oncol Res 2012; 19:329-43. [PMID: 23250732 PMCID: PMC3622752 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-012-9588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on recent developments in glioblastoma subtyping, we examined DARPP32 (PPP1R1B), a neuronal marker against STAT5 and STAT3 that are pro-oncogenic in glioblastoma. mRNA ratios of DARPP32, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B were assessed in routinely diagnosed gliomas s including a series of glioblastomas from patients (n = 67) treated with chemoradiotherapy (temozolomide), out of which 88 % had sequencing validated IDH-negative disease. DARPP32/STAT1 (p = 0.0007), DARPP32/STAT3 (p = 0.0004) and DARPP32/STAT5B (p = 0.0039) ratios were significantly higher in grade II and III as compared to grade IV tumours. The same high ratios were also associated with absence of immunohistochemically assessed AKT/PKB phosphorylation and survivin protein expression. High DARPP32/STAT3, DARPP32/STAT5B, and STAT5B/STAT3 ratios were associated with longer patient progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Upon multivariate analysis, total/subtotal removal of the tumour (HR:0.431; 95%CI:0.241-0.771, Wald p = 0.005), high DARPP32/STAT5B (HR:0.341; 95%CI:0.169-0.690; Wald p = 0.003) and STAT5B/STAT3 mRNA ratios (HR:0.480; 95%CI:0.280-0.824; Wald p = 0.008) were independent favorable parameters for prolonged PFS. Extent of surgery (HR:0.198; 95%CI:0.101-0.390; p < 0.001) and high DARPP32/STAT5A ratios (HR:0.320; 95%CI:0.160-0.638, p = 0.001) were independently predictive for longer OS. The presented approach is applicable for prospective validation and appears promising towards an effective glioblastoma patient stratification in addition to IDH mutations. These data may contribute to understanding the biology of gliomas with respect to their potential neuronal characteristics and justify STAT-inhibiting therapeutic interventions in the same tumour system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Despina Televantou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Karkavelas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Prodromos Hytiroglou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Lampaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Papageorgiou” General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Iliadis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, “Papageorgiou” General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Selviaridis
- 1st Neurosurgical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S. Polyzoidis
- 1st Neurosurgical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Papageorgiou” General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Kotoula
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Greve B, Sheikh-Mounessi F, Kemper B, Ernst I, Götte M, Eich HT. Survivin, a target to modulate the radiosensitivity of Ewing's sarcoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2012; 188:1038-47. [PMID: 23053158 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-012-0223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiotherapy constitutes an essential element in the multimodal therapy of Ewing's sarcoma. Compared to other sarcomas, Ewing tumors normally show a good response to radiotherapy. However, there are consistently tumors with a radioresistant phenotype, and the underlying mechanisms are not known in detail. Here we investigated the association between survivin protein expression and the radiosensitivity of Ewing's sarcoma in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS An siRNA-based knockdown approach was used to investigate the influence of survivin expression on cell proliferation, double-strand break (DSB) induction and repair, apoptosis and colony-forming ability in four Ewing's sarcoma cell lines with and without irradiation. RESULTS Survivin protein and mRNA were upregulated in all cell lines tested in a dose-dependent manner. As a result of survivin knockdown, STA-ET-1 cells showed reduced cell proliferation, an increased number of radiation-induced DSBs, and reduced repair. Apoptosis was increased by knockdown alone and increased further in combination with irradiation. Colony formation was significantly reduced by survivin knockdown in combination with irradiation. CONCLUSION Survivin is a radiation-inducible protein in Ewing's sarcoma and its down-regulation sensitizes cells toward irradiation. Survivin knockdown in combination with radiation inhibits cell proliferation, repair, and colony formation significantly and increases apoptosis more than each single treatment alone. This might open new perspectives in the radiation treatment of Ewing's sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Greve
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie -Radioonkologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kanwar JR, Kamalapuram SK, Kanwar RK. Survivin Signaling in Clinical Oncology: A Multifaceted Dragon. Med Res Rev 2012; 33:765-89. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagat R. Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR); Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Biosciences (BioDeakin); Institute for Technology & Research Innovation; Deakin University, Geelong; Technology Precinct; Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds; Geelong; Victoria; 3217; Australia
| | - Sishir K. Kamalapuram
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR); Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Biosciences (BioDeakin); Institute for Technology & Research Innovation; Deakin University, Geelong; Technology Precinct; Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds; Geelong; Victoria; 3217; Australia
| | - Rupinder K. Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR); Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Biosciences (BioDeakin); Institute for Technology & Research Innovation; Deakin University, Geelong; Technology Precinct; Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds; Geelong; Victoria; 3217; Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lai PC, Chen SH, Yang SH, Cheng CC, Chiu TH, Huang YT. Novel survivin inhibitor YM155 elicits cytotoxicity in glioblastoma cell lines with normal or deficiency DNA-dependent protein kinase activity. Pediatr Neonatol 2012; 53:199-204. [PMID: 22770110 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric glioblastoma is a malignant disease with an extremely poor clinical outcome. Patients usually suffer from resistance to radiation therapy, so targeted drug treatment may be a new possibility for glioblastoma therapy. Survivin is also overexpressed in glioblastoma. YM155, a novel small-molecule survivin inhibitor, has not been examined for its use in glioblastoma therapy. METHODS The human glioblastoma cell line M059K, which expresses normal DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity and is radiation-resistant, and M059J, which is deficient in DNA-PK activity and radiation-sensitive, were used in the study. Cell viability, DNA fragmentation, and the expression of survivin and securin following YM155 treatment were examined using MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium) assay, ELISA assay, and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS YM155 caused a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect, inhibiting the cell viability of both M059K and M059J cells by 70% after 48 hours of treatment with 50 nM YM155. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was around 30-35 nM for both cell lines. Apoptosis was determined to have occurred in both cell lines because immunoreactive signals from the DNA fragments in the cytoplasm were increased 24 hours after treatment with 30 nM YM155. The expression of survivin and securin in the M059K cells was greater than that measured in the M059J cells. Treatment with 30 nM YM155, for both 24 and 48 hours, significantly suppressed the expression of survivin and securin in both cell lines. CONCLUSION The novel survivin inhibitor YM155 elicits potent cytotoxicity in glioblastoma cells in vitro via DNA-PK-independent mechanisms. YM155 could be used as a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of human glioblastomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chun Lai
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Malla RR, Gopinath S, Alapati K, Gorantla B, Gondi CS, Rao JS. uPAR and cathepsin B inhibition enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in gliomainitiating cells. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:745-60. [PMID: 22573309 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas present as diffuse tumors with invasion into normal brain tissue and frequently recur or progress after radiation as focal masses because of glioma-initiating cells. The role of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and cathepsin B in stem-like phenotype has been extensively studied in several solid tumors. In the present study, we demonstrated that selection of glioma-initiating cells using CD133 expression leads to a specific enrichment of CD133(+) cells in both U87 and 4910 cells. In addition, CD133(+) cells exhibited a considerable amount of other stem cell markers, such as Nestin and Sox-2. Radiation treatment significantly enhanced uPAR and cathepsin B levels in glioma-initiating cells. To downregulate radiation-induced uPAR and cathepsin B expression, we used a bicistronic shRNA construct that simultaneously targets both uPAR and cathepsin B (pCU). Downregulation of uPAR and cathepsin B using pCU decreased radiation-enhanced uPAR and cathepsin B levels and caused DNA damage-induced apoptosis in glioma cell lines and glioma-initiating cells. The most striking finding of this study is that knockdown of uPAR and cathepsin B inhibited ongoing transcription by suppressing BrUTP incorporation at γH2AX foci. In addition, uPAR and cathepsin B gene silencing inversely regulated survivin and H2AX expression in both glioma cells and glioma-initiating cells. Pretreatment with pCU reduced radiation-enhanced expression of uPAR, cathepsin B, and survivin and enhanced DNA damage in pre-established glioma in nude mice. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that uPAR and cathepsin B inhibition might serve as an adjunct to radiation therapy to target glioma-initiating cells and, therefore, for the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xia Y, Li Y, Wang J, Wang H, Kang J, Wang B, Hou Z. Bidirectional function of shenghe powder on repair of radiation-induced DNA damage in glioma and astrocyte. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2012; 8:196-206. [PMID: 22238502 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v8i2.63208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study assessed the effect of Chinese herbs of Shenghe Powder (SHP) on the repair capacity of gamma-radiation-induced DNA damage in rat glioma cells (C6) compared with normal human astrocytes (NHA). C6 and NHA Cells treated with SHP and irradiated with 2Gy of gamma radiation. Cells growth inhibition were analysed by MTT assay, DNA damage and repair were evaluated using phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) at the appointed time. Apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry, and the expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and surviving proteins were assessed by Western blot analysis. SHP depressed the radiation-induced DNA double-strand break and enhanced the DNA repair capacity in NHA, which correlated with promotion of DNA-PK phosphorylation. In contrast, SHP enhanced radiosensitivity of C6 cells, the pre-treatment with SHP resulted in reduced numbers of γH2AX foci in irradiated C6 cells, and decreased the expression of DNA-PK and survivn(P<0.005). It significant effect on inhibition of C6 cell proliferation and induced C6 cells apoptosis in a time-depdendent manner than radiation alone (P<0.001). SHP showed a novel bidirectional function to improve the radioresistance of NHA and enhanced radiosensitivity of C6 cells. This implies that SHP can protect the NHA from radiant damage and enhanced the sensitivity of C6 cells to radiation, which could be attributed to the alteration of survivin DNA-PK in DNA repair processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuesheng Xia
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Ministry Medical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jung Y, Joo KM, Seong DH, Choi YL, Kong DS, Kim Y, Kim MH, Jin J, Suh YL, Seol HJ, Shin CS, Lee JI, Kim JH, Song SY, Nam DH. Identification of prognostic biomarkers for glioblastomas using protein expression profiling. Int J Oncol 2011; 40:1122-32. [PMID: 22179774 PMCID: PMC3584590 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of proteins reflecting the prognosis of patients have clinical significance since they could be utilized as predictive biomarkers and/or potential therapeutic targets. With the aim of finding novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for glioblastoma (GBM), a tissue microarray (TMA) library consisting of 62 GBMs and 28 GBM-associated normal spots was constructed. Immunohistochemistry against 78 GBM-associated proteins was performed. Expression levels of each protein for each patient were analyzed using an image analysis program and converted to H-score [summation of the intensity grade of staining (0-3) multiplied by the percentage of positive cells corresponding to each grade]. Based on H-score and hierarchical clustering methods, we divided the GBMs into two groups (n=19 and 37) that had significantly different survival lengths (p<0.05). In the two groups, expression of nine proteins (survivin, cyclin E, DCC, TGF-β, CDC25B, histone H1, p-EGFR, p-VEGFR2/3, p16) was significantly changed (q<0.05). Prognosis-predicting potential of these proteins were validated with another independent library of 82 GBM TMAs and a public GBM DNA microarray dataset. In addition, we determined 32 aberrant or mislocalized subcellular protein expression patterns in GBMs compared with relatively normal brain tissues, which could be useful for diagnostic biomarkers of GBM. We therefore suggest that these proteins can be used as predictive biomarkers and/or potential therapeutic targets for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Trichostatin A and sirtinol suppressed survivin expression through AMPK and p38MAPK in HT29 colon cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:104-15. [PMID: 22155142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of survivin and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are often found over-expressed in human cancers, including colorectal cancer, and have been implicated in tumorigenesis. HDAC inhibition induces growth arrest and cell death in various transformed cell; however, the mechanisms by which this reduces cell viability in colorectal cancer cells remain unexplained. METHODS We explored the actions of two HDAC inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) and sirtinol, in HT29 colon cancer cells. RESULTS TSA and sirtinol induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in HT29 cells. These results are associated with the modulation of survivin. Survivin promoter luciferase activity and Sp1, a transcription factor that contributes to survivin expression, were suppressed in cells exposed to TSA or sirtinol. TSA and sirtinol also activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Inhibitors of p38MAPK or AMPK signaling abrogated TSA and sirtinol's effects of decreasing cell viability. Survivin promoter luciferase activity in the presence of TSA or sirtinol was restored by AMPK dominant negative mutant or p38MAPK inhibitor. Furthermore, Sp1 binding to the survivin promoter region decreased while p63 binding to the promoter region increased after TSA or sirtinol exposure. CONCLUSIONS We report a p38MAPK- and AMPK-mediated downregulation of survivin, and its functional correlation with decreased colon cancer cell viability in the presence of HDAC inhibitor. p63 and Sp1 may also contribute to TSA and sirtinol actions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study delineates, in part, the underlying mechanisms of TSA and sirtinol in decreasing survivin expression and subsequent colon cancer cell viability.
Collapse
|
42
|
Dizaji MZ, Malehmir M, Ghavamzadeh A, Alimoghaddam K, Ghaffari SH. Synergistic Effects of Arsenic Trioxide and Silibinin on Apoptosis and Invasion in Human Glioblastoma U87MG Cell Line. Neurochem Res 2011; 37:370-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-011-0620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
43
|
Zhang Y, Hao H, Zhao S, Liu Q, Yuan Q, Ni S, Wang F, Liu S, Wang L, Hao A. Downregulation of GRIM-19 promotes growth and migration of human glioma cells. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1991-9. [PMID: 21827581 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become increasingly clear that there are notable parallels between normal development and tumorigenesis. Glioma is a classic model that links between tumorigenesis and development. We evaluated the expression of GRIM-19, a novel gene essential for normal development, in various grades of gliomas and several human glioma cell lines. We showed that GRIM-19 mRNA and protein expression were markedly lower in gliomas than in control brain tissues and negatively correlated with the malignancy of gliomas. Downregulation of GRIM-19 in glioma cells significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration, whereas overexpression of GRIM-19 showed the opposite effects. We also showed that the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the expression of many STAT3-dependent genes were regulated by the expression of GRIM-19. In addition, GRIM-19 exerted its role probably through the non-STAT3 signaling pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that most gliomas expressed GRIM-19 at low levels, which may play a major role in tumorigenesis in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
High expression of survivin predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following radiotherapy. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:1147-53. [PMID: 21826474 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but there are still no biomarkers to differentiate patients who will benefit from radiation. Although treatment with a combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy, and/or surgery improves the prognosis of patients, no biomarkers can distinguish between the responses obtained with the combined therapies. Therefore, in this study, we selected patients treated with radiotherapy alone to evaluate survivin as a predictor for radiotherapy. One hundred two biopsy samples collected by endoscopy were immunostained by survivin antibody. Positive staining for survivin was obtained in 60.8% tumor samples. Survivin expression, metastasis, and clinical stage correlated significantly with overall survival. In multivariate analysis, survivin was an independent prognostic factor for predicting overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Moreover, in esophageal cancer cell lines, overexpression of survivin reduced the percentage of cell death induced by radiation. Our data indicate that survivin could be a potential predictor to define those patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma who would benefit from radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
45
|
Faccion RS, Ferreira RM, Grabois MF, Fonseca TC, de Oliveira JA, Maia RC. Lack of Prognostic Significance of Survivin in Pediatric Medulloblastoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2011; 17:899-908. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
46
|
Habberstad AH, Gulati S, Torp SH. Evaluation of the proliferation markers Ki-67/MIB-1, mitosin, survivin, pHH3, and DNA topoisomerase IIα in human anaplastic astrocytomas--an immunohistochemical study. Diagn Pathol 2011; 6:43. [PMID: 21609421 PMCID: PMC3127815 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histological malignancy grading of astrocytomas can be challenging despite criteria given by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Grading is fundamental for optimal prognostication and treatment, and additional biomarkers are needed to support the histopathological diagnosis. Estimation of proliferative activity has gained much enthusiasm, and the present study was designed to evaluate and compare novel immunohistochemical proliferative markers in human anaplastic astrocytomas. Methods Proliferative activity was determined in twenty-seven cases with antibodies reactive against the Ki-67 antigen, mitosin, survivin, pHH3, and DNA topoisomerase IIα, and they were mutually compared as well as related to mitotic activity. Results The markers correlated well with each other, but poorly with mitoses, probably because of small and squeezed tumour samples, in which identification of mitoses can be difficult. Positive association to overall survival was observed as well. Conclusions Our data show that these markers may assist significantly in the evaluation of proliferative activity in anaplastic astrocytomas and even have prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Habberstad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kawata N, Tsuchiya N, Horikawa Y, Inoue T, Tsuruta H, Maita S, Satoh S, Mitobe Y, Narita S, Habuchi T. Two survivin polymorphisms are cooperatively associated with bladder cancer susceptibility. Int J Cancer 2011; 129:1872-80. [PMID: 21154810 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal survivin expression has been reported to be involved in many types of cancer. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), C-31G, located in the promoter region of survivin reportedly may alter the mRNA level, while the significance of the nonsynonymous SNP A9194G in exon 4 has not yet been clarified. Here, the association between the two survivin SNPs and bladder cancer susceptibility and progression was investigated in 235 patients with bladder cancer and 346 healthy controls. Regarding the C-31G SNP, subjects with the CC genotype had a significantly higher risk of bladder cancer compared to those with the GG + CG genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 1.85, p = 0.001]. Regarding the A9194G SNP, the presence of the G allele was associated with a significantly reduced risk with a gene dosage effect (OR = 0.69, p = 0.002). Using the C-A haplotype as a reference, the G-G haplotype was associated with a significantly lower risk (OR = 0.11, p = 0.00006), indicating the cooperative effect of the two SNPs. Immunohistological evaluation of surgical specimens showed that cancer cells of the C-31G CC genotype had significantly higher nuclear survivin expression than those of the C-31G GG + CG genotype. With reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis, a significantly higher survivin mRNA expression level was observed in surgical specimens with an increase in the number of the C-31G C allele (p = 0.016). These results indicate that the two SNPs have a significant and cooperative influence on bladder cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kawata
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Eisele G, Weller M. Targeting apoptosis pathways in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2011; 332:335-45. [PMID: 21269762 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma remains a major challenge for clinicians since these highly aggressive brain tumors are relatively resistant towards radio- and chemotherapy. The pathways that control apoptosis are altered in glioblastoma cells leading to resistance towards apoptotic stimuli in general. In this review we describe the alterations affecting the p53 pathway, the BCL-2 protein family, the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and several growth factor pathways involved in the regulation of programmed cell death and define possible targets for new therapies within these apoptotic pathways in glioblastomas. Moreover, we review strategies to target death receptor pathways, most notably to render the glioblastoma cells more susceptible towards this approach without enhancing toxicity in general. Most of the strategies targeting apoptosis in glioblastomas presented here are in a pre-clinical stage of development, however, they all share the ultimative goal to improve the outcome for glioblastoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günter Eisele
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ko YH, Roh SY, Won HS, Jeon EK, Hong SH, Lee MA, Kang JH, Hong YS, Kim MS, Jung CK. Prognostic significance of nuclear survivin expression in resected adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2010; 2:30. [PMID: 21034499 PMCID: PMC2988778 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-2-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, in tumor cells is associated with poor clinical outcome for various cancers. We conducted this study to determine survivin expression in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck and to identify its clinical significance as a prognostic factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining for survivin, p53, bcl-2 protein, and Ki-67 in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from 37 cases of head and neck ACC. We also reviewed the patients' clinical records to determine the association of staining with clinical course. RESULTS Of the 37 cases of head and neck ACC, 31 (83.8%) were positive for cytoplasmic survivin expression, and 23 (62.2%) were positive for nuclear survivin expression. There was a significant association between nuclear survivin expression and bcl-2 (P = 0.031). A larger tumor was more commonly a survivin-positive tumor (cytoplasmic survivin, P = 0.043; nuclear survivin, P = 0.057). Median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients not expressing nuclear survivin (P = 0.035). A multivariate analysis revealed that nuclear survivin expression significantly impacted OS (hazard ratio 8.567, P = 0.018) in addition to lymph node involvement (hazard ratio 7.704, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS The immunohistochemical expression of nuclear survivin has a prognostic impact in patients with head and neck ACC. These results suggest that nuclear survivin expression may be a useful biomarker for predicting prognosis in patients with head and neck ACC who were treated with surgical resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ho Ko
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xiong G, Husseiny MI, Song L, Erdreich-Epstein A, Shackleford GM, Seeger RC, Jäckel D, Hensel M, Metelitsa LS. Novel cancer vaccine based on genes of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:2622-34. [PMID: 19824039 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although tumors express potentially immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), cancer vaccines often fail because of inadequate antigen delivery and/or insufficient activation of innate immunity. Engineering nonpathogenic bacterial vectors to deliver TAAs of choice may provide an efficient way of presenting TAAs in an immunogenic form. In this study, we used genes of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) to construct a novel cancer vaccine in which a TAA, survivin, was fused to SseF effector protein and placed under control of SsrB, the central regulator of SPI2 gene expression. This construct uses the type III secretion system (T3SS) of Salmonella and allows preferential delivery of tumor antigen into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells for optimal immunogenicity. In a screen of a panel of attenuated strains of Salmonella, we found that a double attenuated strain of Salmonella typhimurium, MvP728 (purD/htrA), was not toxic to mice and effectively expressed and translocated survivin protein inside the cytosol of murine macrophages. We also found that a ligand for CD1d-reactive natural killer T (NKT) cells, alpha-glucuronosylceramide (GSL1), enhanced MvP728-induced interleukin-12 production in human dendritic cells and that in vivo coadministration of a NKT ligand with MvP728-Llo or MvP728-survivin enhanced effector-memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Furthermore, combined use of MvP728-survivin with GSL1 produced antitumor activity in mouse models of CT26 colon carcinoma and orthotopic DBT glioblastoma. Therefore, the use of TAA delivery via SPI-2-regulated T3SS of Salmonella and NKT ligands as adjuvants may provide a foundation for new cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Xiong
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|