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Usui K, Ozaki M, Hirao K, Kosaka T, Endo N, Yoshida S, Yokota SI, Arimoto Y, Osawa R, Nakanishi N, Tomizaki KY, Umetani T, Kayamori F. Effect of linearly polarized microwaves on nanomorphology of calcium carbonate mineralization using peptides. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12027. [PMID: 37491445 PMCID: PMC10368672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwaves are used for diverse applications such as mobile phones, ovens, and therapy devices. However, there are few reports on the effects of microwaves on diseases other than cancer, and on physiological processes. Here, we focused on CaCO3 mineralization as a model of biomineralization and attempted to elucidate the effect of microwaves on CaCO3 mineralization using peptides. We conducted AFM, ζ potential, HPLC, ICP-AES, and relative permittivity measurements. Our findings show that microwaves alter the nanomorphology of the CaCO3 precipitate, from sphere-like particles to string-like structures. Furthermore, microwaves have little effect on the mineralization when the mineralization ability of a peptide is high, but a large effect when the precipitation ability is low. Our findings may be applicable to not only the treatment of teeth and bones but also the development of organic-inorganic nanobiomaterials. This methodology can be expanded to other molecular/atomic reactions under various microwave conditions to alter reaction activity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Usui
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
- Research Institute for Nanobio-Environment and Non-Ionizing Radiation (RINNIR), Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
- Beyond5G, Donated Lectures, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Makoto Ozaki
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kan Hirao
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Kosaka
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Natsumi Endo
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshida
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Yokota
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Nobuhiro Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Nanobio-Environment and Non-Ionizing Radiation (RINNIR), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Beyond5G, Donated Lectures, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- DSP Research, Inc., Kobe, Japan
| | - Kin-Ya Tomizaki
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Japan
- Innovative Materials and Processing Research Center, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Umetani
- Research Institute for Nanobio-Environment and Non-Ionizing Radiation (RINNIR), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Faculty of Intelligence and Informatics, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Kayamori
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
- Research Institute for Nanobio-Environment and Non-Ionizing Radiation (RINNIR), Konan University, Kobe, Japan.
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Miller AB, Morgan LL, Udasin I, Davis DL. Cancer epidemiology update, following the 2011 IARC evaluation of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (Monograph 102). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:673-683. [PMID: 30196934 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiology studies (case-control, cohort, time trend and case studies) published since the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 2011 categorization of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) from mobile phones and other wireless devices as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B) are reviewed and summarized. Glioma is an important human cancer found to be associated with RFR in 9 case-control studies conducted in Sweden and France, as well as in some other countries. Increasing glioma incidence trends have been reported in the UK and other countries. Non-malignant endpoints linked include acoustic neuroma (vestibular Schwannoma) and meningioma. Because they allow more detailed consideration of exposure, case-control studies can be superior to cohort studies or other methods in evaluating potential risks for brain cancer. When considered with recent animal experimental evidence, the recent epidemiological studies strengthen and support the conclusion that RFR should be categorized as carcinogenic to humans (IARC Group 1). Opportunistic epidemiological studies are proposed that can be carried out through cross-sectional analyses of high, medium, and low mobile phone users with respect to hearing, vision, memory, reaction time, and other indicators that can easily be assessed through standardized computer-based tests. As exposure data are not uniformly available, billing records should be used whenever available to corroborate reported exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Miller
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - L Lloyd Morgan
- Environmental Health Trust, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Iris Udasin
- Rutgers University School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Devra Lee Davis
- Environmental Health Trust, Teton Village, WY, United States; Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Baldi I, Engelhardt J, Bonnet C, Bauchet L, Berteaud E, Grüber A, Loiseau H. Epidemiology of meningiomas. Neurochirurgie 2018; 64:5-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kim JI. Social factors associated with centenarian rate (CR) in 32 OECD countries. BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS 2013; 13:16. [PMID: 23497053 PMCID: PMC3599594 DOI: 10.1186/1472-698x-13-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last fifty years, the number of centenarians has dramatically increased. The centenarian rate (CR) is representative of the general longevity prevalent in a nation; it indicates the number of individuals aged 100 years or above at a given date divided by the size of the corresponding cohort of a given age. Two important attributes of the CR (50-54) are that it reflects both unchanged age-specific fertility and the absence of migration in populations. It can generally be used in longevity-based evaluations of the broader concept of successful ageing. As such, this retrospective analysis of the social factors that contribute to the CR (50-54) may help to identify the factors associated with successful ageing.This study estimates the CR (50-54) and elucidates the influence of social factors on successful ageing and the CR (50-54), examining 32 member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). METHODS The social indicators for this study were obtained from the United Nations database. The data for the analysis of centenarians in the 32 OECD countries were obtained from the world population prospects conducted by the United Nations. Associations between social factors and CR (50-54) were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients and regression models. RESULTS Significant positive correlations were found between the CR (50-54) and the social factors of expenditure on health as a percentage of gross domestic product (HEGDP: r = 0.411, p < 0.021), general government expenditure on health as a percentage of total government expenditure (GGEH: r = 0.474, p < 0.006), the proportion of fixed-telephone subscriptions in the population (FTS: r = 0.489, p < 0.005), and the human development index (HDI: r = 0.486, p < 0.005). Finally, these CR (50-54) predictors were used to form a model of successful ageing, with higher HEGDP and GGEH as health expenditure, higher FTS as standard of living, and higher HDI as social well-being (R2 = 0.573, P < 0.025). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that an increased CR (50-54) is affected by multiple social factors involved in successful ageing. Therefore, if they wish to improve their country's CR (50-54), governments must strengthen their existing support services for the elderly through making improvements to standards of living, social well-being and through increased financing of the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong In Kim
- Division of Health and Welfare, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
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Shoieb A, Allavena R, Swallow J, Debrue M. Peritoneal sarcomatosis associated with telemetry implants in Sprague Dawley CD rats: a review of eight cases. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 40:113-21. [PMID: 22083584 DOI: 10.1177/0192623311425063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Surgical implantation of radiotelemetric transmitters is a current practice to collect a variety of physiological parameters in unrestrained laboratory animals, and in rodents in particular. In this study, the incidence of peritoneal sarcomatosis arising secondary to surgically implanted telemetry devices (< 15% of implanted Sprague Dawley rats) is considered to represent a significant issue for both animal welfare and data validity in affected animals. Macroscopically, the telemetry-associated fibrosarcomas spread along the visceral and parietal peritoneum and mesentery surrounding abdominal organs. The histologic morphology of these sarcomas was typically an undifferentiated sarcoma, although well-differentiated fibrosarcomas and telangiectatic and pleomorphic variants were noted. Using special stains such as Masson's Trichrome demonstrated a collagenous extracellular matrix in 50% of these rats, which is consistent with a fibroblastic origin. Immunohistochemical studies clearly delineated the mesenchymal components of the sarcomas (fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells); one case, however, was diagnosed as an osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shoieb
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich Laboratories, Sandwich, CT13 9NJ United Kingdom.
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Lehrer S. Response to Boniol et al. J Neurooncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Repacholi MH, Lerchl A, Röösli M, Sienkiewicz Z, Auvinen A, Breckenkamp J, d'Inzeo G, Elliott P, Frei P, Heinrich S, Lagroye I, Lahkola A, McCormick DL, Thomas S, Vecchia P. Systematic review of wireless phone use and brain cancer and other head tumors. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 33:187-206. [PMID: 22021071 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review of scientific studies to evaluate whether the use of wireless phones is linked to an increased incidence of the brain cancer glioma or other tumors of the head (meningioma, acoustic neuroma, and parotid gland), originating in the areas of the head that most absorb radiofrequency (RF) energy from wireless phones. Epidemiology and in vivo studies were evaluated according to an agreed protocol; quality criteria were used to evaluate the studies for narrative synthesis but not for meta-analyses or pooling of results. The epidemiology study results were heterogeneous, with sparse data on long-term use (≥ 10 years). Meta-analyses of the epidemiology studies showed no statistically significant increase in risk (defined as P < 0.05) for adult brain cancer or other head tumors from wireless phone use. Analyses of the in vivo oncogenicity, tumor promotion, and genotoxicity studies also showed no statistically significant relationship between exposure to RF fields and genotoxic damage to brain cells, or the incidence of brain cancers or other tumors of the head. Assessment of the review results using the Hill criteria did not support a causal relationship between wireless phone use and the incidence of adult cancers in the areas of the head that most absorb RF energy from the use of wireless phones. There are insufficient data to make any determinations about longer-term use (≥ 10 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Repacholi
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
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Corle C, Makale M, Kesari S. Cell phones and glioma risk: a review of the evidence. J Neurooncol 2011; 106:1-13. [PMID: 21853424 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Corle
- Department of Neurosciences, UC San Diego, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, MC 0819, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
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Re. Lehrer S, Green S, Stock RG (2011) Association between number of cell phone contracts and brain tumor incidence in nineteen U.S. States. J Neurooncol 101:505-507. J Neurooncol 2011; 105:433-4; author reply 435. [PMID: 21499726 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Volkow ND, Tomasi D, Wang GJ, Vaska P, Fowler JS, Telang F, Alexoff D, Logan J, Wong C. Effects of cell phone radiofrequency signal exposure on brain glucose metabolism. JAMA 2011; 305:808-13. [PMID: 21343580 PMCID: PMC3184892 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2011.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The dramatic increase in use of cellular telephones has generated concern about possible negative effects of radiofrequency signals delivered to the brain. However, whether acute cell phone exposure affects the human brain is unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if acute cell phone exposure affects brain glucose metabolism, a marker of brain activity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized crossover study conducted between January 1 and December 31, 2009, at a single US laboratory among 47 healthy participants recruited from the community. Cell phones were placed on the left and right ears and positron emission tomography with ((18)F)fluorodeoxyglucose injection was used to measure brain glucose metabolism twice, once with the right cell phone activated (sound muted) for 50 minutes ("on" condition) and once with both cell phones deactivated ("off" condition). Statistical parametric mapping was used to compare metabolism between on and off conditions using paired t tests, and Pearson linear correlations were used to verify the association of metabolism and estimated amplitude of radiofrequency-modulated electromagnetic waves emitted by the cell phone. Clusters with at least 1000 voxels (volume >8 cm(3)) and P < .05 (corrected for multiple comparisons) were considered significant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Brain glucose metabolism computed as absolute metabolism (μmol/100 g per minute) and as normalized metabolism (region/whole brain). RESULTS Whole-brain metabolism did not differ between on and off conditions. In contrast, metabolism in the region closest to the antenna (orbitofrontal cortex and temporal pole) was significantly higher for on than off conditions (35.7 vs 33.3 μmol/100 g per minute; mean difference, 2.4 [95% confidence interval, 0.67-4.2]; P = .004). The increases were significantly correlated with the estimated electromagnetic field amplitudes both for absolute metabolism (R = 0.95, P < .001) and normalized metabolism (R = 0.89; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS In healthy participants and compared with no exposure, 50-minute cell phone exposure was associated with increased brain glucose metabolism in the region closest to the antenna. This finding is of unknown clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Blvd, Room 5274, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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