1
|
Andrews LJ, Thornton ZA, Saleh R, Dawson S, Short SC, Daly R, Higgins JPT, Davies P, Kurian KM. Genomic landscape and actionable mutations of brain metastases derived from non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad145. [PMID: 38130901 PMCID: PMC10734675 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastases derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represent a significant clinical problem. We aim to characterize the genomic landscape of brain metastases derived from NSCLC and assess clinical actionability. Methods We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and BIOSIS from inception to 18/19 May 2022. We extracted information on patient demographics, smoking status, genomic data, matched primary NSCLC, and programmed cell death ligand 1 expression. Results We found 72 included papers and data on 2346 patients. The most frequently mutated genes from our data were EGFR (n = 559), TP53 (n = 331), KRAS (n = 328), CDKN2A (n = 97), and STK11 (n = 72). Common missense mutations included EGFR L858R (n = 80) and KRAS G12C (n = 17). Brain metastases of ever versus never smokers had differing missense mutations in TP53 and EGFR, except for L858R and T790M in EGFR, which were seen in both subgroups. Of the top 10 frequently mutated genes that had primary NSCLC data, we found 37% of the specific mutations assessed to be discordant between the primary NSCLC and brain metastases. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to describe the genomic landscape of brain metastases derived from NSCLC. These results provide a comprehensive outline of frequently mutated genes and missense mutations that could be clinically actionable. These data also provide evidence of differing genomic landscapes between ever versus never smokers and primary NSCLC compared to the BM. This information could have important consequences for the selection and development of targeted drugs for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily J Andrews
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Cancer Research Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zak A Thornton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Cancer Research Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruqiya Saleh
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Dawson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Susan C Short
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Richard Daly
- Cellular Pathology Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Julian P T Higgins
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Philippa Davies
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Cancer Research Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Cancer Research Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ray A. Tumor-linked HER2 expression: association with obesity and lipid-related microenvironment. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 32:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2017-0020/hmbci-2017-0020.xml. [PMID: 29087955 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the risk of several health disorders including certain cancers. Among obesity-related cancers, postmenopausal breast carcinoma is a well-studied one. Apart from an increase in certain types of lipids in obesity, excess adipose tissue releases many hormone-like cytokines/adipokines, which are usually pro-inflammatory in nature. Leptin is one of such adipokines and significantly linked with the intracellular signaling pathways of other growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In general, HER2 is overexpressed in roughly 30% of breast carcinomas; its presence indicates aggressive tumor behavior. Conversely, HER2 has certain effects in normal conditions such as differentiation of preadipocytes, cardiovascular health and vitamin D metabolism. HER2 has no known endogenous ligand, but it may form dimers with other three members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family and can activate downstream signaling pathways. Furthermore, HER2 is intimately connected with several enzymes, e.g. fatty acid synthase (FASN), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), all of which play significant regulatory roles in lipogenic pathways or lipid metabolism. In obesity-related carcinogenesis, characteristics like insulin resistance and elevated IGF-1 are commonly observed. Both IGF-1 and leptin can modulate EGFR and HER2 signaling pathways. Although clinical studies have shown mixed results, the behavior of HER2+ tumor cells including HER2 levels can be altered by several factors such as obesity, leptin and fatty acids. A precise knowledge is useful in new therapeutic approaches against HER+ tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, 20 Seton Hill Drive, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA, Phone: +(724) 552-2882, Fax: +(724) 552-2865
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang YQ, Zhi QJ, Wang XY, Yue DS, Li K, Jiang RC. Prognostic value of combined platelet, fibrinogen, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with lung adenosquamous cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4331-4338. [PMID: 28943947 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of the combined platelet (PLT), fibrinogen (FBG), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (CO-NPF) for postoperative outcomes in patients with lung adenosquamous cancer (ASC). Test results from patients who presented at The Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between January 2005 and December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. CO-NPF was scored between 0 and 4 according to increased PLT, FBG, NLR and PLR prior to being split into two groups based on the presence (≥2) or absence (<2) of the combination of increased inflammatory indexes. In total, data from 134 patients with ASC were reviewed for the present study. Multivariate analysis identified that increased CO-NPF (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively), PLR (P=0.011 and P=0.001, respectively) and FBG (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) were independently associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). NLR (P=0.006) and PLT (P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of CO-NPF (area under the curve, 0.652, P=0.008, 95% confidence interval, 0.551-0.752) was increased compared with NLR, PLR, PLT and FBG individually, suggesting that CO-NPF has greater predictive value. CO-NPF was significantly and independently associated with shorter DFS and OS, and had greater predictive value compared with NLR, PLR, PLT and FBG in patients with ASC who underwent surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qian Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Qiong-Jie Zhi
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Yue
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Ri-Cheng Jiang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Hexi, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Franks SE, Jones RA, Briah R, Murray P, Moorehead RA. BMS-754807 is cytotoxic to non-small cell lung cancer cells and enhances the effects of platinum chemotherapeutics in the human lung cancer cell line A549. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:134. [PMID: 26928578 PMCID: PMC4772483 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-1919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances in targeted therapy for lung cancer, survival for patients remains poor and lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) has emerged as a potential target for lung cancer treatment, however, clinical trials to date have provided disappointing results. Further research is needed to identify if certain patients would benefit from IGF-IR targeted therapies and the ideal approach to incorporate IGF-IR targeted agents with current therapies. Methods The dual IGF-IR/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-754807, was evaluated alone and in combination with platinum-based chemotherapeutics in two human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Cell survival was determined using WST-1 assays and drug interaction was evaluated using Calcusyn software. Proliferation and apoptosis were determined using immunofluorescence for phospho-histone H3 and cleaved caspase 3, respectively. Results Treatment with BMS-754807 alone reduced cell survival and wound closure while enhancing apoptosis in both human lung cancer cell lines. These effects appear to be mediated through IGF-IR/IR signaling and, at least in part, through the PI3K/AKT pathway as administration of BMS-754807 to A549 or NCI-H358 cells significantly suppressed IGF-IR/IR and AKT phosphorylation. In addition of BMS-754807 enhanced the cytotoxic effects of carboplatin or cisplatin in a synergistic manner when given simultaneously to A549 cells. Conclusions BMS-754807 may be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of NSCLC, particularly in lung cancer cells expressing high levels of IGF-IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Elizabeth Franks
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Robert A Jones
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Ritesh Briah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Payton Murray
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Roger A Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Berghoff AS, Ilhan-Mutlu A, Dinhof C, Magerle M, Hackl M, Widhalm G, Hainfellner JA, Dieckmann K, Pichler J, Hutterer M, Melchardt T, Bartsch R, Zielinski CC, Birner P, Preusser M. Differential role of angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation in brain metastases according to primary tumour type: analysis of 639 cases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015; 41:e41-55. [PMID: 25256708 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to characterize angiogenesis and proliferation and their correlation with clinical characteristics in a large brain metastasis (BM) series. METHODS Ki67 proliferation index, microvascular density (MVD) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) index were determined by immunohistochemistry in BM and primary tumour specimens. RESULTS Six hundred thirty-nine BM specimens of 639 patients with lung cancer (344/639; 53.8%), breast cancer (105/639; 16.4%), melanoma (67/639; 10.5%), renal cell carcinoma (RCC; 52/639; 8.1%) or colorectal cancer (CRC; 71/639; 11.1%) were available. Specimens of the corresponding primary tumour were available in 113/639 (17.7%) cases. Median Ki67 index was highest in CRC BM and lowest in RCC BM (P < 0.001). MVD and HIF-1 alpha index were both highest in RCC BM and lowest in melanoma BM (P < 0.001). Significantly higher Ki67 indices, MVD and HIF-1 alpha indices in the BM than in matched primary tumours were observed for breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and CRC. Correlation of tissue-based parameters with overall survival in individual tumour types showed a favourable and independent prognostic impact of low Ki67 index [hazard ratio (HR) 1.015; P < 0.001] in NSCLC BM and of low Ki67 index (HR 1.027; P = 0.008) and high angiogenic activity (HR 1.877; P = 0.002) in RCC. CONCLUSION Our data argue for differential pathobiological and clinical relevance of Ki67 index, HIF1-alpha index and MVD between primary tumour types in BM patients. An independent prognostic impact of tissue-based characteristics was observed in patients with BM from NSCLC and RCC, supporting the incorporation of these tissue-based parameters into diagnosis-specific prognostic scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Berghoff
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center CNS Tumors Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression predicts poor prognosis of Chinese patients with gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31:141. [PMID: 25348345 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have established the role of phosphorylated form of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (p-IGF1R) as a good candidate for tumor biomarker. The aims of this study were to investigate p-IGF1R expression status in gastric cancer (GC) specimens and to clarify its clinical significance. A total of 78 GC patients treated with radical resection were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect p-IGF1R and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) protein expression in paired tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Results showed a higher level of p-IGF1R protein expression in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues, and the rate of p-IGF1R protein high/moderate expression in GC and normal tissues was 52.6% (41/78) and 6.4% (5/78), respectively (p < 0.001). In contrast, PTEN protein expression was downregulated in GC, as compared with normal tissues (negative/low expression 49/78 vs. 8/78, p < 0.001). Moreover, PTEN protein downregulation was consistent with p-IGF1R upregulation. Overexpression of p-IGF1R protein was associated with lymph metastasis, clinical stage, and adverse 3-year progression-free survival (PFS). Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model revealed that p-IGF1R overexpression was an independent factor in predicting PFS for GC patients, apart from lymph metastasis. In conclusion, p-IGF1R is highly expressed in GC, which may be a novel biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of GC patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Owonikoko TK, Arbiser J, Zelnak A, Shu HKG, Shim H, Robin AM, Kalkanis SN, Whitsett TG, Salhia B, Tran NL, Ryken T, Moore MK, Egan KM, Olson JJ. Current approaches to the treatment of metastatic brain tumours. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014; 11:203-22. [PMID: 24569448 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic tumours involving the brain overshadow primary brain neoplasms in frequency and are an important complication in the overall management of many cancers. Importantly, advances are being made in understanding the molecular biology underlying the initial development and eventual proliferation of brain metastases. Surgery and radiation remain the cornerstones of the therapy for symptomatic lesions; however, image-based guidance is improving surgical technique to maximize the preservation of normal tissue, while more sophisticated approaches to radiation therapy are being used to minimize the long-standing concerns over the toxicity of whole-brain radiation protocols used in the past. Furthermore, the burgeoning knowledge of tumour biology has facilitated the entry of systemically administered therapies into the clinic. Responses to these targeted interventions have ranged from substantial toxicity with no control of disease to periods of useful tumour control with no decrement in performance status of the treated individual. This experience enables recognition of the limits of targeted therapy, but has also informed methods to optimize this approach. This Review focuses on the clinically relevant molecular biology of brain metastases, and summarizes the current applications of these data to imaging, surgery, radiation therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jack Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Amelia Zelnak
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hui-Kuo G Shu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hyunsuk Shim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Adam M Robin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, K-11, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Steven N Kalkanis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, K-11, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Timothy G Whitsett
- Division of Cancer and Cell Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Division of Integrated Cancer Genomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Division of Cancer and Cell Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Timothy Ryken
- Iowa Spine and Brain Institute, 2710 St Francis Drive, Suite 110, Waterloo, IA 50702, USA
| | - Michael K Moore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Olson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|